1、Module 2课下能力提升(五)阅读理解AIn the later half of the 13th century, a new trend of fine arts appeared in the central part of Italy with Florence as its centre, representing the change from fine arts of Middle Ages to Renaissance art.At that time, Florence school became the main stream of fine arts.The 14th
2、 century saw the birth of a great artist Giotto.His art bore a striking tendency of Realism.For most people Giotto is the first name in European painting since antiquity (古代). That he had breathed fresh life into painting was recognised by people of the day, and later by Ghiberti and Vasari.Before G
3、iotto, painting was still considered a “mechanical” art.Giotto came to occupy a position of great respect in Florence.Though he was employed by the Bardi and Peruzzi families, owners of the most important European banking houses of the day, he never limited his activity to Florence, and prestigious
4、(声望很高的) commission in other parts of Italy kept him on the move frequently.At a time when Italys flourishing economy made every Italian city an independent cultural and artistic centre, Giotto went beyond regional barriers and the effect of his art was felt throughout the peninsula (半岛). In his life
5、time Giotto has raised painting to a prestigious level among the arts, to such a high level that it influenced sculpture.Italian painting can be said to have changed greatly with the appearance of Giotto than ever before.The motivation Giotto gave to the arts was so great that it determined the fate
6、 of European painting.By the middle of the fourteenth century Europe had already become aware of Giottos new ideas, which agreed with the growing secular tendency in European society.1. Before the later half of the 13th century_.A. fine arts of Middle Ages was the main streamB. Renaissance art was t
7、he main streamC. Florence school began to disappearD. Giotto became a great artist2. What does the author mean by saying “Giotto is the first name in European painting since antiquity”in Paragraph 2?A. Giotto is the artists first name.B. Giotto is the man who started European painting.C. Giotto is t
8、he most important painter in Europe since antiquity.D. Giotto is the name of a most famous European painting.3. From the third paragraph we can learn_.A. Giotto thought painting was a “mechanical” artB. Giotto didnt get great respect in FlorenceC. Giotto owned European banking housesD. Giottos art a
9、ffected the whole Italy4. The main theme of the passage probably is_.A. the Renaissance in ItalyB. Giotto, a great artistC. Florence schoolD. fine arts of Middle AgesBIt is a tiny portrait of one of the most powerful women of the Renaissance.And for more than 50 years the old BBC journalist Charles
10、Wheeler kept the picture of Eleonora of Toledo on his bookshelf.But yesterday Wheeler returned the painting to Berlins Gemldegalerie after discovering that it was a priceless original looted (掠夺) from the museum during the Second World War, not a copy as he had thought.Wheeler, 83, acquired the 16th
11、century portrait by the Florentine artist Alessandro Allori from a German farmer who dropped in to the BBCs West Berlin office.“It was 1952.At the time people could move freely between East and West，”he said yesterday.“We were doing a programme called Letters Without Signature, where people living i
12、n the eastern zone could write a letter.The farmer reached into his pocket, took out a brown envelope and said it was a wedding present for me.” The farmer claimed he had got it from a Russian soldier in exchange for two sacks of potatoes to make vodka.Over the next 50plus years Wheeler, one of the
13、BBCs most distinguished foreign journalists, took the miniature (小画像) with him.“I was burgled four times over the years，”he said.“People were always taking my TV and radio.But they ignored the painting.”It was only last year while making a BBC radio series on missing art that Wheeler realised the pa
14、inting could have been stolen.After contacting the Londonbased Commission for Looted Art in Europe the work was swiftly identified as a minor masterpiece and returned yesterday to Berlins picture gallery, where it was last seen in 1939.Yesterday Anne Webber, cochair of the commission, hailed (赞扬) th
15、e work as one of the “earliest diplomatic portraits of a woman”. “Its a charming painting，” she said.The miniature depicts (描绘) Eleonora of Toledo，whose husband Cosimo de Medici was one of Renaissance Italys most powerful men.5. Charles Wheeler kept the miniature on his bookshelf because_.A. he thou
16、ght it was of little valueB. he thought it would be safer thereC. he liked the picture very muchD. he wanted it to be seen by others6. The miniature was probably taken from the Berlins picture gallery by_.A. a burglarB. a German farmerC. a Russian soldierD. a worker at the gallery7. In what way is t
17、he miniature considered to be priceless?A. It survived the Second World War.B. It depicts a powerful woman of the Renaissance.C. It is a masterpiece by a famous artist in Germany.D. It was painted more than 50 years ago.8. From the passage we can learn_.A. the painting was drawn by a woman of the Re
18、naissanceB. Allori gave the journalist the painting as a wedding presentC. Charles Wheeler has kept the painting for over 50 yearsD. Eleonora of Toledo was one of the most powerful men in ItalyCThe medieval (中世纪的) artists didnt know about perspective; they didnt want to make their people look like r
19、eal individual people in a real individual scene.They wanted to show the truth, the eternal (永恒的) quality of their religious stories.So these artists didnt need to know about perspective.In the European Renaissance period, artists wanted to show the importance of the individual person and his or her
20、 possessions and surroundings.A flat medieval style couldnt show this level of reality and the artists needed a new technique.It was the Italian artist Brunelleschi who discovered the technique of perspective drawing.At first the artists of the Renaissance only had a singlepoint perspective.Later th
21、ey realized that they could have twopoint perspective and still later multipoint perspective.With twopoint perspective they could turn an object (like a building) at an angle to the picture and draw two sides of it.The technique of perspective which seems so natural to us now is an invented techniqu
22、e, a part of the “grammar of painting”. Like all bits of grammar there are exceptions about perspective.For example, only vertical and horizontal surfaces seem to meet on eye level.Sloping roof tops dont meet on eye level.For 500 years, artists in Europe made use of perspective drawing in their pict
23、ures.Nevertheless, there are a range of priorities (优先顺序) that artists in displaying individual styles.Crivelli wanted to show depth in his picture and he used a simple singlepoint perspective.Cezanne always talked about space and volume.Van Gogh, like some of the other painters of the Impressionist
24、 period, was interested in Japanese prints.And Japanese artists until this century were always very strong designers of “flat” pictures.Picasso certainly made pictures which have volume and depth.However, he wanted to keep our eyes on the surface and to remind us that his paintings are paintings and
25、 not illusions (幻觉). It is technically easy to give an illusion of depth.However, a strong twodimensional design is just as important as a feeling of depth, and perhaps more important.9. The passage mainly discusses_.A. the difference between medieval and Renaissance artB. how the technique of persp
26、ective influenced the modern artC. the discovery of the technique of perspectiveD. the contributions of Renaissance artists10. According to the passage, which may be the main concern for medieval artists?A. The individual person and his/her possessions and surroundings.B. Real people, real scenes.C.
27、 Eternal timeless truth of the earth.D. Themes of religious stories.11. Whats the authors purpose of giving the example in Para.3?A. To explain how perspective work in painting.B. To support twopoint perspective.C. To show that there are exceptions about perspective.D. To point out that the techniqu
28、e of perspective is an invented technique.12. It can be inferred from the passage that Renaissance artists_.A. welcomed the medieval style of eternal truthB. needed to develop a new approach towards painting to show a new level of realityC. were inspired by vertical and horizontal surfaces in invent
29、ing the technique of perspectiveD. saw twodimensional design more important than a feeling of depth答案：语篇解读：乔托，意大利杰出的画家，被认定是意大利文艺复兴时期的开创者，被誉为“欧洲绘画之父”。1. 解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段可知，13世纪后半期，美术发生了很大的变化，从中世纪美术向文艺复兴美术转变。由此可判断出在13世纪前半期，中世纪美术为主流。故答案为A。2. 解析：选C句意理解题。从第二段看出，本段讲述这位艺术家的巨大成就，而题目中的这句话正好支持这段的主题。所以这句话就是为了表
30、明他在绘画界的地位。3. 解析：选D细节理解题。根据本段最后一句话“.the effect of his art was felt throughout the peninsula (半岛)”可知，他的艺术作品影响了整个意大利半岛。4. 解析：选B主旨大意题。纵览全文可以看出本文是一篇人物介绍的文章，所以主题应是B项“乔托一位伟大的艺术家”。 语篇解读：一位记者得到一幅意大利文艺复兴时期一位妇女的画像，但他以为是复制品，因此并没有在意。在保存了50多年以后，他最后得知画像是柏林艺术馆在二战中被盗的真品，于是他把这幅画归还给了该艺术馆。5. 解析：选A细节理解题。从第二段最后可知，这位BBC记者
31、本来以为这是一件复制品，并没有重视。6. 解析：选C推理判断题。由第三段可知，这幅画是一个德国农民从一个俄国士兵手中用两袋土豆换来的。由此可以推断，该画很可能在战乱中落入一个俄国士兵手中。7. 解析：选B推理判断题。从第一段和最后一段可知，这是一幅意大利文艺复兴时期一位重要妇女的画像，它具有重大意义。8. 解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段中的倒数第三句话可知，他保存这幅画已经50多年了。语篇解读：本文主要介绍文艺复兴时期出现的透视绘画技巧及其对现代艺术的影响。9. 解析：选B主旨大意题。本文主要介绍文艺复兴时期出现的透视绘画技巧及其对现代艺术的影响。10. 解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知中世纪的艺术家们主要从事与宗教故事有关的绘画。11. 解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段可知透视法有例外之处，后面的例子就是为了说明这些例外之处。因此选C项。12. 解析：选B推理判断题。读完全文可知，文艺复兴时期的艺术家们为了展示现实发明了透视法。因此本题选B项。
