1、状语从句1. 定义：在句中充当状语成分的从句。2. 分类：初中阶段主要学习了9大状语从句，分别是时间状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，比较状语从句，方式状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句，目的状语从句，结果状语从句。(1) 时间状语从句时间状语从句用来表示主句动作发生的时间，常用when, while, as, as soon as, before, after, until, till, since等引导。 When, while, as引导的时间状语从句 连接词意义特点when当.时从句的谓语动词既可以是持续性动词，也可以是瞬息性动词while当.时从句的谓语动词只可以是持续性动词，
2、常表示主从句的动作同时发生as当.时，一边.一边.强调主从句动作同时进行Eg: We were having dinner when the rainstorm came. Ill call you when its arranged. While the children were playing with the toys, their mother was watching TV. Bruce became happy as he saw his friends. as soon as引导的时间状语从句 as soon as意为“一.就.”，引导的时间状语从句一般用现在时表示将来意义 E
3、g: Ill write to you as soon as I arrive in France. As soon as he saw us, he ran to shake hands with us. before引导的时间状语从句 before意为“在.之前”，引导的时间状语的动作发生在主句动作之后 Eg: Before I go to bed, I always brush my teeth. We waited a long time before we got on the plane. after引导的时间状语从句 after意为“在.之后”，引导的时间状语的动作发生在主句动作
4、之前Eg: After the rain stopped, we went down the mountain. I felt better after I talked with my parents. until, till引导的时间状语从句 until和till意为“直到”，很多时候可以互换使用。用于肯定句时，主句谓语动词是持续性动词；用于否定句时，主句谓语动词用瞬息性动词。需要注意的是until可用于句首，till不用于句首。 Eg: We stayed at the hotel until/till the strong wind died down. I didnt go to b
5、ed until/till my son came back home. Until you told me, I didnt know anything of the news. since引导的时间状语从句 since意为“自从.以来”，常与现在完成时连用。Eg: It has been ten years since we last met each other. My grandma has lived here since she was a little girl.(2) 地点状语从句表示位置或方向的从句叫地点状语从句，主要由where, wherever等引导，意为“在.地方，在
6、任何.地方”Eg: Wherever you go, I will be here waiting for you. Where there is a will, there is a way.(3) 原因状语从句在句中作原因状语的从句叫作原因状语从句，常由because, since, as等引导 because意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句时，语气最强，表示直接原因Eg: He gave up his job because he couldnt stand his boss. since引导原因状语从句时意为“既然，由于”，语气比because弱Eg: Since everyone is
7、 here, lets discuss about our working plan. as引导原因状语从句时意为“因为，既然，由于”，语气不如because、as强Eg: As she was shy, she had few friends.(4) 比较状语从句在句中作比较状语的句子叫作比较状语从句。主要由as，than等引导。Eg: Her foreign friend speaks Chinese as fluently as she does. Tom is not so/as outgoing as Peter (is). He can earn more money than y
8、ou can.(5) 方式状语从句描述主句中动作或状态发生的方式或方法的从句叫作方式状语从句，主要由as, as if, as though引导。 as引导方式状语从句时，意为“按照、正如、像、如同”Eg: You must do as I require. Everything happened as the detective expected. Friction is not always a bad thing as you might think. Water is to fish as air is to man. as if, as though引导的方式状语从句时，意为“似乎，
9、好像”， as if, as though引导的方式状语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示所说的情况不是现实。 Eg: He spoke as if he were the owner of this house. 但是当说表示的情况是事实或者实现的可能性较大时，从句用陈述语气Eg: The sky is dark as if its going to rain.(6) 条件状语从句表示条件或前提的从句叫作条件状语从句。主要由if, unless, as/ so long as等引导。 if引导条件状语从句时，意为“如果” Eg: If you get up late, you will mis
10、s the train. unless引导条件状语从句时，意为“除非.否则.” Eg: Unless you are famous enough, you wont receive an invitation. as/ so long as引导条件状语从句时，意为“只要” Eg: As/ so long as you stick to your dream, youll make it come true one day.(7) 让步状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态与从句中的某一动作或状态在意义上有部分矛盾。主要由although, though, even if/ though, what
11、ever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whoever等引导。 although/though意为“尽管，虽然”，不与but连用 Eg: Although/though he tried his best, he failed in the end. even if/ though意为“即使，尽管” Eg: Even if/ though I see it with my eyes, I cant believe it. whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whoever引导让步状语从句时，相当于“no matte
12、r + wh-” Eg: Whatever you want, Ill give it to you. (=No matter what you want, Ill give it to you.) Wherever my sister visits, she will send me a postcard. (=No matter where my sister visits, she will send me a postcard. ) Whichever advice you take, youll benefit from it. (=No matter which advice yo
13、u take, youll benefit from it.)(8) 目的状语从句表示主句中的动作或状态发生的目的或动机，引导目的状语从句的连词主要有so that（以便）, in order that（为了）等。Eg: I decide to work harder so that/ in order that I can get better grades. Ill play the video again so that/ in order that you can notice the difference.(9) 结果状语从句 结果状语从句表示主句中某一动作或状态所产生的结果，引导结
14、果状语从句的连接词有so that, so.that, such.that等。 so that意为“因此，以致于”Eg: He was often absent so that he didnt pass the exam. so.that.意为“如此.以致于” so+形容词/副词+thatEg: I was so hungry that I ate three apples. The thief ran so fast that no one could catch him. so+many/much/few/little+名词+thatEg: We had so little money
15、that we could afford a new car. There are so many trees that the air is fresh. such.that意为“如此.以致于” such+ a/an+可数名词单数+thatEg: He is such a lazy man that his room is always in a mess. such+可数名词复数/不可数名词+thatEg: Smart phones have became such important tools that we carry them with us all the time. He ga
16、ve me such good advice that I finished the task easily. 练习：1. Gray is going to give away some food to the food bank,_ he is not rich enough. A. if B. unless C. since D. though2. Jimmy has been in the company for two years _he graduated.A. when B. since C. as soon as D. as 3. Youd better make a list_
17、you go to the supermarket.A. before B.during C. until D. after 4. She raised her voice_everyone in the room could hear her.A. so that B. as soon as C. no matter D. even though 5. He will wash his hands at once_he gets home.A. so B. as soon as C. because D. though 6._I walked into office,I saw him si
18、tting on my chair .A. While B. When C.If D. Because 7.Its quite common in Britain to say“Thank you”to the drivers_ people get off the bus.A.before B. since C. until D. unless 8. Her youngest son is_young _ he cant dress himself.A. too; to B. so; that C. such; that D. very; that 9. -Did you call Sara
19、 back?-I didnt need to,_well have a meeting together tonight.A. though B. unless C. because D. if 10.Lucy knew little about the book_she read it yesterday afternoon.A. if B. since C. until D. because11. Miss White has a habit of brushing his teeth_she has supper. A. after B.before C. because D. sinc
20、e 12._ it is often cold in the mountains, you need to wear warm clothes. A. Though B. Unless C. As D.until 13. You will see many children playing together on the square if it_in the evening. A. doesnt rain B. rains C. will rain D. wont rain 14._ my cousin is very young,_she can help with the housewo
21、rk. A. Once;/ B. Though;but C.Although;/ D.Because;/15.Erics mother is getting old. He will go back home to see her _ it is convenient. A. because B. whenever C. although D. unless16. We didnt enjoy the day_the weather was so bad. A. because B. though C. unless D. till 17. Mr Black has taught us mat
22、h _we came to this school. A. for B. since C.before D. when18. One important aim of our school is to prepare us for the future_we can face all the challenges with confidence. A. so far B. so that C.even if D. if only19. The situation will become worse and worse _we take measures. A. since B. if C.until D. unless 20. You can use English or Chinese _ you travel in Singapore. A. whether B. whatever C. where D. if
