1、.单词拼写1She is German by birth but is now a French citizen (公民)2They forecast (预测) a large drop in unemployment over the next two years.3Mass (大规模的) production has made the human being live a better life.4Reforming the education system will be a difficult process (过程)5Shes the campaign (运动) organizer
2、for the Labor Party.拓展词汇1frighteningadj.吓人的；可怕的frightenvt.使惊吓frightenedadj.受惊的；受恐吓的2desertificationn(土地的)荒漠化，沙漠化desertn沙漠3strengthn力；力量；力气strongadj.强，强壮的strengthenvt.加强，巩固4dustn沙尘；灰尘dustyadj.满是灰尘的dustbinn垃圾箱5cyclev骑自行车bicyclen自行车cyclistn骑自行车的人巧记单词派生词frighteningfrighteningdustydustystrengthenstrength
3、en.补全短语1cut down砍倒2dig up挖3be caught in突然遭遇(风暴等)4as a result of 由于，因为5one after another 一个接一个地6wake up to醒来面对；意识到7prevent sb. from doing . 阻止某人做1教材原句Which do you think is more dangerous, an earthquake or a sandstorm?你认为地震和沙尘暴哪一个更危险？句型点拨疑问词 do you think/believe/suppose 其他。佳句赏析你认为什么方法最有效？What do you t
4、hink is the most effective way?2教材原句They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.沙尘暴常常很浓密，以至于遮住了太阳，有时风力大得足以移动沙丘。句型点拨so . that .“如此以至于”。佳句赏析当班长在全班同学面前讲话时，教室如此之吵，她不得不提高声音以让同学们听到。When the monitor spoke in front of the class, the classro
5、om was so noisy that she had to raise her voice to be heard.3教材原句The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.这种沙尘暴有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。句型点拨make it 形容词to do .，it作形式宾语，动词不定式作真正的宾语，形容词作宾补。佳句赏析这场大雪使得他们不能按时到达那儿。The heavy sno
6、w made it impossible for them to get there on time.1It lasted for ten hours and was very frightening. (P31)它(这场沙尘暴)持续了十个小时，非常可怕。frightening adj.令人害怕的，吓人的It is frightening even to think of the horrors of nuclear war.核战争的恐怖状况连想都不敢想。(1)frighten v使惊吓；害怕frighten sb./sth. away/off 把某人(物)吓走frighten sb. int
7、o/out of doing sth.吓唬某人做/不做某事(2)frightened adj. 惊吓的；害怕的be frightened of/at . 害怕be frightened to death 被吓坏了The bird came to the window, but I moved suddenly and frightened it away.那只鸟儿飞到窗前，可我的身子突然一动，把它吓走了。He frightened the old lady into signing (sign) the paper.他恐吓老太太签了字。They are frightened of/at los
8、ing power.他们害怕失去权力。2Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass. (P31)人们砍树挖草也造成了土壤的沙化。cut down砍倒；杀死；削减，缩小(尺寸、数量等)He was asking 400 for the car, but we cut it down to 350.这辆汽车他要价400英镑， 但是我们把价杀到350英镑。cut out删除；切掉；割掉；停止；放弃cut up 切碎；使伤心cut off 切断；停掉；隔绝cut in 插入；插嘴cut across/t
9、hrough 抄近路穿过I wish Marie would stop cutting in on our conversation all the time.我希望玛丽在我们谈话时别老是插嘴。The electricity company is threatening to cut us off电力公司以停电威胁我们。John was cut up about his failure to win Marys heart.约翰没有赢得玛丽的芳心，感到十分伤心。3Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China
10、, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it. (P32)科学家们尝试了许多方法来解决这个问题，而在中国一场大规模的运动已经开始来帮助解决这个问题。mass adj.大量的；大规模的，广泛的n.团，块，堆；大量，许多vt.&vi.集结；聚集The mass of workers do not want this strike.大多数工人不愿举行这次罢工。a mass of/masses of许多；大量the mass of 大部分in a mass 大量地；大批地the masses 群众；平民百姓She has a mass of/m
11、asses of things to do.她有一大堆的事情要做。Sports fans came to the stadium in a mass before the game.大批的运动爱好者在赛前就来到了体育馆。名师点津a mass of/masses of“大量的，许多的”，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词与该名词的数保持一致。The massesare (be) often the makers of history.创造历史的往往是民众。联想发散许多短语都有“许多的，大量的”之意，可修饰可数或不可数名词。你能列举一些吗？修饰可数或不可数名词：plenty o
12、fquantities ofa quantity ofmasses ofa mass oflots ofa lot of修饰可数名词复数：numbers ofa number ofa good/great manyquite a few修饰不可数名词：a great deal ofan amount ofquite a little4“To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience，” he said. (P32)他说：“被困在沙尘暴中是一次可怕的经历。”be caught in突然遭遇(风暴等)I was caught
13、 in a heavy traffic after work.我下班后遇到交通堵塞。be caught in be trapped in be stuck in遭遇be caught doing . 做某事被抓住The boy was caught cheating (cheat) in the exam.这男孩考试作弊被抓住了。名师点津be caught in的主语往往是被困住的人或物，作状语或宾语时，要用过去分词形式caught in。有类似用法的短语还有：be lost in, be addicted to等。Caught in the rain last week, he caught
14、 a cold.他上周淋了雨，患了感冒。5., but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people. (P32)，但是沙尘暴的威力有时让人意外。strength n. U力量；力气；意志力；坚强；C强项，优势，长处He hasnt got enough strength to lift the box.他没有足够的力量搬起那个箱子。(1)have the strength to do sth.有做的力气/意志力build up ones strength 增强体力with all ones strength 用尽全身的力气stren
15、gths and weaknesses 强项和弱项(2)strengthen v. 加强，巩固strong adj. 强壮的Bruise is lifting weight to build up his strength布鲁斯在练举重以增强体力。To make members of a team do better, the trainer first of all has to know their strengths and weaknesses为了使队员取得更好的成绩，教练首先要了解他们的强项和弱项。易混辨析strength常指力量，力气，体力；也可指长处、优势energy指自然界的能
16、量，能源；也可指人的精力power主要指权力，还可泛指做某事的能力，也可指物理学中的动力、功率force常指促使物体运动的力，复数形式指“武力，兵力”等选择上述单词填空Its a waste of time and energyThe soldiers took the prisoners away by forceI will do everything in my power to help you.Though she is a girl, she has surprising strength6They are often so thick that you cannot see th
17、e sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes. (P32)沙尘暴常常很大，以至于遮住了太阳，有时风力大得足以移动沙丘。本句中的so . that .意为“如此以至于”。so是副词，修饰形容词或副词；that引导结果状语从句。具体有以下几种形式：soadj./adv.that从句soadj.a/an可数名词单数that从句somany/few可数名词复数that从句so much/little不可数名词that从句This teacher is so kind that we all like him.这位老师
18、那么和蔼，我们都喜欢。(1)such . that .中的such常用来修饰名词。主要有以下几种形式：sucha/anadj.可数名词单数that从句suchadj.可数名词复数that从句suchadj.不可数名词that从句(2)当little表示“小”而不表示“少”时，必须用such修饰，如：such a little boy/such little boys；而当little表示“少”而不表示“小”时，用so修饰，如：so little water。(3)so和such放在句首时，主句要部分倒装。(4)so that也可连在一起使用，引导结果状语从句或目的状语从句；引导目的状语从句时相
19、当于in order that。This is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it.这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。There is so little water left in the jar that we must carry some more.缸里剩下的水这么少，我们必须再去挑一些。Such a nice guy was he now that I barely recognized him.他现在是如此好的一个人以至于我都认不出来他了。One of my friends walled off the living r
20、oom so that he could have a separate place to eat.我的一个朋友把起居室用墙隔开以便有一个单独用餐的地方。7Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. (P32)因“沙漠化”越来越严重，中国近年来发生沙尘暴的次数明显增加了。appear用作系动词，意为“似乎、好像”，本句中appear to have increased表示increase这一动作发生在appear之前，用不定式的完成式。另外，appe
21、ar后接不定式的一般式表将来，接不定式的进行式表进行。appear后还常接形容词、that或as if引导的从句。He appears to have known the fact.他似乎已经知道这件事了。She appears to have many friends.她好像有很多朋友。He appeared to be sleeping when I passed by.我路过时他似乎正在睡觉。It appears as if shes lost interest in her job.看来她对自己的工作已失去兴趣。.单句语法填空1What a frightening scene on t
22、he stage!Yeah, we girls were really frightened. (frighten)2Ive made it a rule never to hurry.3I am so busy that I have masses (mass) of unanswered letters.4Everybody has his strengths (strong) and weaknesses.5As we were talking, she cut in with a question whether we could cut across the square.6The
23、teacher caught him sleeping (sleep) in class.7So fast did the teacher speak that I could not follow him.8He felt it an honor to be invited (invite) to the party.9In order to rescue the miners caught (catch) in the flood quickly, the rescuers have got a busy schedule.10She appeared to have been kept
24、(keep) waiting for a long time.11A mass of people were (be) in the shops yesterday.12It appeared that the man had walked a long way.13We should prevent young trees being cut (cut) down.14More rain is forecast (forecast) tomorrow so we will have to stay at home.15As a result of the sandstorm, there w
25、ere fewer people on the road and the traffic moved slowly.完成句子1他是个如此优秀的学生，以至于我们都想以他为榜样。He is so excellent a student that/such an excellent student that we all want to make him our example.2这地方很难让人安静地生活。The location made it difficult to lead a quiet personal life.3练中国功夫不但能增强体质，还能培养一个人的品质。Practicing C
26、hinese kung fu can not only build up ones strength, but also develop ones character.4如果你不减少抽烟，我将中断供应。If you dont cut down your smoking, I will cut off your supply.5从学校回家的路上，我碰上了大雨。I was caught in the downpour on my way home from school.一句多译1似乎你弄错了。You appear to have made a mistake.It appears that yo
27、u have made a mistake. 2他是这么小的孩子，提不动那个箱子。He is such a little boy that he cant lift the box.He is so little a boy that he cant lift the box.课文缩写语法填空Sandstorms, strong dry winds that carry sand, have struck some Asian countries for centuries. 1.When climate changes, people cut down trees and dig up gr
28、ass, and land becomes desert. As a result of 2.desertification (desert) sandstorms in China seem 3.to have increased (increase) in recent years. Northwest China is part of the sandstorm center in Central Asia. Sandstorms sometimes have a very bad effect 4.on Beijing, 5.especially(especial) on its we
29、ather and traffic. 6.To solve (solve) the problem, many ways have been tried. For example, in order to stop the desert, 7.which is only 250 km away to the west, ing (come) nearer to Beijing, the government is planting trees. So far, over 30 billion trees 9.have been planted (plant) and 10.more (many
30、) trees will be planted for the next five years.对应学生课下能力提升(十四).根据提示写出单词的正确形式1The young dancers looked so beautiful in their new clothes that we took masses (大量) of pictures of them.2The Black Sea is a large inland (内陆的) sea.3During his election campaign (活动) he promised to increase the workers incom
31、e.4There was total agreement to start the peace process (过程；进程) as soon as possible.5The sign (迹象) of sandstorm can be predicted.6You are always full of energy (energetic). Can you tell me the secret?7The frightened girl was frightened by the frightening dog. (frighten)8At present America is taking
32、some measures to strengthen (strong) the economy.9Mary cycled along the dusty (dust) road.10A cyclist (cycle) is someone who rides a bicycle, or is riding a bicycle.选词填空cut down, be caught in, masses of, one after another, as a result of, prevent . from1The sky was full of masses of dark clouds.2May
33、 I suggest that you cut down the quantity of your order by half?3The reason why he was late again this morning is that he was caught in the heavy rain.4The boy kept asking Mary questions one after another. In the end, her patience gave out.5Nothing would prevent him from speaking out against injusti
34、ce.6Over the past decades, sea ice has been decreasing in the Arctic as a result of global warming.完成句子1如果你接替他的工作，你一定会陷入两难之中。If you take over his job, you are sure to be caught in the middle.2那儿有很多人，以至于我没认出她来。There were so many people there that I wasnt able to pick her out.3表面上看起来，我们好像很勇敢，但是我们的内心里充
35、满了疑惧和焦虑。We may appear to be brave, but we are fearful and anxious inside.4他恐吓他的邻居借钱给他。He frightened his neighbor into lending him the money.5我发现用英语与外国人交谈非常有趣。I find it interesting to talk with foreigners in English.阅读理解AA flock of hungry pigeons were flying across the sky in search of food. Having t
36、raveled a long distance, they felt tired and settled down on a tree. Just below the tree, they saw grains strewn (撒满) all over the ground. The pigeons were happy to have found enough food to eat. All the pigeons came down from the tree and started eating the grains. As they were doing so, a huge net
37、 fell on them and trapped them all.The pigeons were taken aback (大吃一惊). They noticed a hunter sitting at a distance from the tree, a bow and arrow in hand. The pigeons realized it was the hunter who had trapped them in the net. The hunter got up and began to move towards the pigeons.The leader of th
38、e pigeons spoke, “Friends, we are in great trouble. The hunter will catch us if we do not act swiftly in a few seconds. There is only one option available at this moment. Let all of us use our force together and fly up along with the net. If all of us use our force and fly together, we can fly carry
39、ing the net along with us. Let us start now.”All the pigeons agreed with him and flew high carrying the net along with them. After traveling enough distance away from the hunter, the pigeons settled on a tree and carefully came out of the net one by one and thus escaped the evil design of the hunter
40、.语篇解读：本文讲了一群鸽子齐心协力逃离猎人撒下的网的故事。1Who strewed the grains over the ground?AA villager.BThe hunter.CThe pigeon owner. DThe writer.解析：选B推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“The pigeons realized it was the hunter who had trapped them in the net”可知是猎人将鸽子困在网中，从而不难推断出是猎人撒的谷物。2What does the underlined word “option” mean?AReason. BC
41、hoice.CAction. DOpinion.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Let all of us use our force together and fly up along with the net.”可知领头的鸽子在给剩下的鸽子出主意。所以推知他前面那句话的内容是：现在我们只剩下一种选择了。option意为“选项，选择”。所以选B。3How did the pigeons react when they got trapped?AThey didnt know what to do.BThey tried to fly in all directions.CThey re
42、mained calm.DThey decided to fight against the hunter.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容“All the pigeons agreed with him and flew high carrying the net along with them.”以及第三段鸽子领袖的讲话内容可知，鸽子们并没有慌乱，而是在鸽子领袖的号召下，齐心协力摆脱了猎人的网。A、B、D三项均与文章不符。4This story wants to tell us that Atwo heads are better than oneBconfidence will
43、save everyoneCteamwork can work wondersDactions speak louder than words解析：选C推理判断题。通读全文可知，这则小故事讲的是一群鸽子共同协作，劲往一处使，最终逃离了猎人的魔爪。所以这篇文章想告诉我们团队合作可以创造奇迹。BHalf of the worlds population is affected by Asian monsoons (季风)，but monsoons are difficult to predict. American researchers have put together a 700year r
44、ecord of the rainy seasons, which is expected to provide guidance for experts making weather predictions.Every year, moist (潮湿的) air masses, known as monsoons, produce large amounts of rainfall in India, East Asia, Northern Australia and East Africa. All this wet air is pulled in by a high pressure
45、area over the Indian Ocean and a low pressure area to the south.According to Edward Cook, a weather expert at Columbia University in New York, the complex nature of the climate systems across Asia makes monsoons hard to predict. In addition, climate records for the area are too recent and not detail
46、ed enough to be of much use. Therefore, he and a team of researchers spent more than fifteen years traveling across Asia, looking for trees old enough to provide longterm records. They measured the rings, or circles, inside thousands of ancient trees in more than 300 places.Rainfall has a direct lin
47、k to the growth and width of rings on some kinds of trees. The researchers developed a document they are calling a Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas. It shows the effect of monsoons over seven centuries, beginning in the 1300s.Professor Cook says the treering records show periods of wet and dry weather. “I
48、f the monsoon basically fails or is a very weak one, the trees affected by monsoons at that location might put on a very narrow ring. But if the monsoon is very strong, the trees affected by that monsoon might put on a wide ring for that year. So, the wide and narrow ring widths of the chronology th
49、at we developed in Asia provide us with a measure of monsoon variability.” With all this information, researchers say they can begin to improve computer climate models for predicting the behavior of monsoons.“There has been widespread famine and starvation and human dying in the past in large drough
50、ts. And on the other hand, if the monsoon is particularly heavy, it can cause extensive flooding，” said Eugene Wahl, a scientist with Americas National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “So, to get a sense of what the regional moisture patterns have been, dryness and wetness over such a long p
51、eriod of time in great detail, I would call it a kind of victory for climate science.”语篇解读：季风难以预测，研究者们做的最新的科学调查将为季风的预测提供指导。5Whats the passage mainly about?AThe effects of Asian monsoons.BThe necessity of weather forecast.CThe achievements of Edward Cook.DA breakthrough in monsoon prediction.解析：选D主旨大
52、意题。文章第一段提到本文的主旨：美国的研究者们做的最新的科学调查将为季风的预测提供指导。D项符合。6It is difficult for experts to predict Asian monsoons because Ait is hard to keep longterm climate recordsBthey are formed under complex climate systemsCthey influence many nationsDthere is heavy rainfall in Asia解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.the complex nature
53、 of the climate systems across Asia makes monsoons hard to predict.”可知B项正确。7What can be inferred from the passage?ALong and detailed climate records can offer useful information for monsoon research.BThe Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas has a monsoon record for about 1，300 years.CThe trees affected by mon
54、soon grow fast if the monsoon is weak.DThe rainfall might be low although the monsoon is strong in monsoonaffected areas.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第三段的“In addition，climate records for the area are too recent and not detailed enough to be of much use.”可推知。8Which of the following best describes the tone of this pa
55、ssage?AMatteroffact. BPessimistic.CHumorous. DFriendly.解析：选A作者态度题。这是一篇科学调查报告，它实事求是地讲述了调查的内容和结果。.任务型阅读Do You Have the Time? In English, this question has two different meanings. The first one is “Do you know what time it is？” While commonly, this is less frequently used than the simpler question with
56、 the same meaning “What time is it？” The other is “Do you have the time (e.g. to do this or that)？” This is a very commonly asked question, whether in American, British, or Australian English. I think the response “I dont have the time” is most commonly used year after year. 1.Think about how often
57、you (and I) have used this as an explanation of why we couldnt do something, take on a new task, help someone, visit someone, etc. Sometimes its a statement of fact, and sometimes its just an excuse. 2. However, deep down we each have a pretty clear idea of the difference. In practical terms, the la
58、ck of available time seems to be and often is a true reason for why we cannot take something on. 3. “I just dont have the time” is too often an escape. Once we get to a certain age, when we are generally considered to be grownups, we are expected to have developed time management skills. In many ins
59、tances, “I dont have the time” has the same meaning as “I am not willing to make the time”. Sure, were all busy, but in the end, its a matter of which is more important.4 It doesnt grow on trees or fall from the sky like raindrops. You make the time as well as most of the related decisions about wha
60、t is important. 5. If you dont decide on the use of your time, the decision will be taken away from you. Its really up to us to decide on how to balance and manage time, and thats a challenge.ANo one gives you the time.BAfter all, its so convenient as an excuse.CThe key is what criteria you rely on
61、to make decisions.DThe distinction here between them is blurry (模糊不清的) and subjective.EBe aware its the worlds most common excuse, whether you speak it out or not.FBut it does mean we need to develop a clear approach to time management.GActually if we try to rearrange our time, or make a sacrifice,
62、we can make it.语篇解读：本文讲述了要学会合理的安排自己的时间，去完成自己的目标。1解析：选B根据空格前文“I think the response I dont have the time is most commonly used year after year”可知这个回答每年都用的最广泛了，而B项“After all, its so convenient as an excuse”表示“毕竟，这个是最方便的借口”，是对这句话的解释，故选B。2解析：选D根据空格后文“However, deep down we each have a pretty clear idea of
63、 the difference.”可知空格内所表达的内容与之相反，而D项“The distinction here between them is blurry (模糊不清的) and subjective”表示“它们之间的区别是模糊不清的和具有主观性的”，与However后面的意思相反，故选D。3解析：选G根据这段话的首句“Think about how often you (and I) have used this as an explanation of why we couldnt do something”可知我们总是会在没有完成某事情时因为以没有时间为借口，而G项“Actuall
64、y if we try to rearrange our time, or make a sacrifice, we can make it”表示“事实上，如果我们尝试着重新安排我们的时间，或者做出牺牲我们是可以完成事情的”，是对这段话的一个总结，故选G。4解析：选A根据后文“If you dont decide on the use of your time, the decision will be taken away from you”可知，这段话讲的是要自己去把握时间，而A项“No one gives you the time”表示“没有人能给你时间”，是对此的总结，故选A。5解析：
65、选C根据空格前文“You make the time as well as most of the related decisions about what is important”这里在讲述如何有效的做决定，而C项“The key is what criteria you rely on to make decisions”表示“关键是你以什么标准来做决定”，是对此的解释，故选C。.课时微写作(请根据提示把语段补充完整)People in this area used to cut down (砍倒) trees and dig up (挖出) grass, so the deserts
66、were created. Because of (由于) this, sandstorms happened one after another (一个接一个). People were often caught in (遇上) sandstorms, which made it difficult (使困难) for the inhabitants to live happily. Gradually, people began to wake up to (意识到) the severe situation. As a result, they began to plant trees. The local government took tough measures to prevent people from (阻止做) destroying environment.
