1、技法指导写此类文章应注意以下几点：1要交代自然灾害爆发的时间、地点、情形、经过、成因、最后造成的损失及危害，有时也有必要交代救灾人员的情况。2有时也可以按照说明文的方法来写，介绍地理原因、发生的过程、造成的灾害，以及人类对这种自然灾害的认识和预防。黄金表达：教你如何营造亮点表示发生1.happened/took place/occurred .2A big fire broke out .3An earthquake hit/struck/shocked/happened in/occurred in the district.表示起因1What are the causes of flood
2、s (earthquake/hurricane)?2The cause of the fire was carelessness.3The fire was due to the fact that someone dropped a lighted cigarette.表示财产损失1.caused great damage to .2After the earthquake, water, gas and electricity were all cut off.3The big floods, which occurred in 1998, caused great losses.表示人员
3、伤亡1Thousands of people were made homeless.2Tens of thousands of people lost their precious life owing to the strong earthquake in Sichuan province.表示过程与处理1The fire lasted about two hours and was finally put out in the afternoon.2Fortunately，the injured people were sent to hospital without delay.写作规范
4、题目要求台风是沿海地区常见的自然灾害，你一定在电视上目睹过台风来袭的场景。请你写一篇短文，介绍一下沿海地区台风袭击的场面。要点提示：1台风主要袭击中国东南部省份；2台风一般会带来强风和暴雨；3台风来袭时，大树被刮倒，许多街道、房屋被淹没，交通受到严重影响；4许多居民将被迫离开家园，损失惨重。注意：词数100左右。参考词汇：台风typhoon；影响affect三步作文法第一步：搜索词汇1灾难disaster2袭击 strike3刮倒 blow down4引起 cause5损失 damage6摧毁 destroy第二步：由词造句1台风登陆时，会带来强风和暴雨。When the typhoon la
5、nds, there will be strong winds along with heavy rain.(there be 句型)2许多大树被刮倒，很多房屋、街道被淹没，交通受到严重影响。Many tall trees are blown down and a lot of houses and streets will be flooded by water, making the traffic affected seriously(v.ing 短语)Many tall trees are blown down and a lot of houses and streets will
6、be flooded by water, which makes the traffic affected seriously(定语从句)3因为台风带来的巨大损失，很多居民不得不离开家园。Because of the heavy loss caused by the typhoon, many residents have to leave their homes.(过去分词短语)Because of the heavy loss which is caused by the typhoon, many residents have to leave their homes.(定语从句)第三步
7、：连句成篇Typhoon is a terrible nature disaster that often strikes southeastern parts of China. It has been threatening human beings of all time. When the typhoon lands, there will be strong winds along with heavy rain. At the same time, many tall trees are blown down and a lot of houses and streets will
8、 be flooded by water, making the traffic affected seriously. It can cause great damage to property and peoples lives. Because of the heavy loss caused by the typhoon, many residents have to leave their homes and move to safe places. It seems that everything was destroyed.对应学生课下能力提升(十二).阅读理解Heavy sno
9、w and low temperatures caused further damage across northern Europe on Monday stranding (滞留的) travelers, snarling (混乱的) traffic and shutting schools.More than 1，000 flights at Germanys main airports in Frankfurt, Munich and Berlin were canceled and many more delayed after up to 40 cm of fresh snow c
10、overing the country. Some 500 passengers slept at Frankfurt airport. Airlines advised passengers to take trains if possible.In the United Kingdom, British Airways said the severe weather continued to cause great damage to operations and further travel. Only one of two runways at London Heathrow, the
11、 worlds busiest international airport, was operating after the snowstorm. Other UK airports were open, but many flights were canceled, and many passengers spent a second night at an airport terminal (终点站)Northern France was also covered by heavy snow. Air travel was reduced at Paris two main airport
12、s, with Orly airport shutting down.In Poland, hard hit by the cold weather, six people froze to death on Sunday night, raising the death toll to 114 in the last month. Heavy snow stopped Warsaw traffic again on Monday. Warsaw airport was open but was receiving far fewer passengers than usual because
13、 of flight cancellations in western Europe.语篇解读：在北欧，大雪和低温造成游客滞留、交通瘫痪和学校停课，文中重点介绍了德国、英国、法国和波兰的一些情况。1How many countries are mentioned in the passage?AThree.BFour.CFive. DSix.解析：选B细节理解题。本文提到了四个国家，分别是：Germany (德国)、the UK (英国)、France (法国)和Poland (波兰)。2Which of the following was NOT related to heavy snow
14、and low temperatures?AThat more travelers stayed in the airport.BThat workers were on strike for better public traffic.CThat many schools had to stop having classes.DThat traffic didnt run as usual.解析：选B细节理解题。由第一段可知，大雪和低温造成了游客滞留、交通瘫痪和学校停课。故选B。3The underlined word “canceled” in the second paragraph m
15、eans “”Acontinued BconsideredCstopped Dforgotten解析：选C词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，由于大雪和低温，机场的航班被取消了。cancel表示“取消”，所以选C。4The worlds busiest international airport is ABerlin airportBParis airportCWarsaw airportDLondon Heathrow airport解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Only one of two runways at London Heathrow, the worlds busiest i
16、nternational airport, was operating after the snowstorm.”可知。.任务型阅读How to cope with yesmenHave you ever had someone in your organization who was always agreeable? A type of person who always agrees with everyone else. 1.We have most likely all met a yesman at one time or another. Yesmen are eager to
17、please, but find it very difficult to voice their opinion. So what can you do as a leader to cope with (对付) them?Talk to them. The first step is an honest and objective conversation about their behavior. 2.Try to get them to see how they respond in these situations so they can start to see themselve
18、s objectively (客观地) as well.3 Start with a recent time when they agreed with a decision, and ask for their opinion. Keep asking “why？” or “how come？” Acknowledge their views and let them know that the rest of the team is waiting to hear what they say.Find out why they always agree. It may be they ar
19、e just very agreeable people. 4. Identify the causes and work with them to reduce the external (外部的) barriers to having their voice heard.Tell them they need to disagree, constructively, when they have the next opportunity. When that time comes about, dont embarrass them by putting them on the spot.
20、 Instead, ask them what they think, avoid yesno questions, and use “why” and “how come” questions to get their thoughts out there for the benefit of the team. Thank them for their ideas. 5.AAsk what their opinions are.BThey should provide value to the organization.COr they feel like they will be say
21、ing something stupid.DEven if all the ideas presented conflict with each other!ESometimes the persons do not realize that they agree with everything.FYesmen are a challenge in any organization that values individual contributions.GThis will build their confidence and allow them to continue doing wha
22、t you have started in the future.语篇解读：本文讲述了如何和总爱同意别人的人打交道，这些人总是不能说出自己的想法。1解析：选D根据上文“A type of person who always agrees with everyone else.”一种会同意任何人的人，D选项“Even if all the ideas presented conflict with each other！”即使所有的观点都互相矛盾，符合，故选D。2解析：选E根据下文“Try to get them to see how they respond in these situatio
23、ns so they can start to see themselves objectively (客观地) as well.”试看看他们对这些情况是什么反应，这样他们才会客观地看待自己，E选项“Sometimes the persons do not realize that they agree with everything”有时候他们没意识到他们对每件事都会同意，符合，故选E。3解析：选A根据下文“Start with a recent time when they agreed with a decision, and ask for their opinion.”从他们最近答应
24、的一个决定开始，询问他们的意见，A选项“Ask what their opinions are.”询问他们的观点是什么，符合，故选A。4解析：选C根据下文“Identify the causes and work with them to reduce the external (外部的) barriers to having their voice heard.”找到原因，帮助他们减少说出自己心声的外部障碍，C选项“Or they feel like they will be saying something stupid.”或者他们感觉他们会说点愚蠢的事情，符合，故选C。5解析：选G根据上
25、文“Thank them for their ideas.”感谢他们的主意，G选项“This will build their confidence and allow them to continue doing what you have started in the future.”这会帮助他们建立信心，让他们在未来继续做已经开始的事情，符合，故选G。.完形填空From the time each of my children started school, I packed their lunches. And in each lunch, I 1 a note. Often writ
26、ten on a napkin (餐巾), it might be a thankyou for a 2 moment, a reminder of something we were happily expecting, or a bit of 3 for the coming test or sporting event.In early grade school they 4 their notes. But as children grow older they become selfconscious (有自我意识的), and 5 he reached high school, m
27、y older son, Marc, informed me he no longer 6 my daily notes. Telling him that he no longer needed to 7 them but I still needed to write them, I 8 until the day he graduated.Six years after high school graduation, Marc called and asked if he could move 9 for a couple of months. He had spent those ye
28、ars well, graduating from college, 10 two internship (实习) in Washington, DC., and 11 ， becoming a technical worker in Sacramento. 12 short vacation visits, however, he had lived away from home. With his younger sister leaving for college, I was 13 happy to have Marc back. Since I was 14 making lunch
29、 for his younger brother, I 15 one for Marc, too. Imagine my 16 when I got a call from my 24yearold son, 17 his lunch.“Did I do something 18 ？ Dont you love me 19 ， Mom？” were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I 20 asked him what was wrong.“My note, Mom，” he answered.“Wheres my note？”语篇解
30、读：母亲(即本文的作者)不厌其烦的年复一年的为孩子们上学包午餐，随同午餐盒，这位母亲总坚持给孩子写上简单的一张便条，便条上都是些鼓励的话语。这位母亲从孩子一开始上小学到高中毕业都一直坚持这样做。天底下的母亲在生活小事上处处传递着伟大的爱！1A.included BfoundCheld Dcarried解析：选Ainclude“包括”；find“发现”；hold“举办”；carry“携带”。此题可用排除法，纸条是放在午饭中的，B、C两项显然不对，D项carry这个词是“携带”的意思，与题意也不合，include除包括以外，还有放入，算进去的意思，合题意，故选A。2A.difficult Bsep
31、aratedCcomfortable Dspecial解析：选Ddifficult“困难的”；separated“分开的”；comfortable“舒服的”；special“特殊的”。此题要结合前面“a thankyou for”，既然是感谢的时刻，应用special“特别的”才对，故选D。3A.encouragement BcongratulationCimprovement Dexplanation解析：选Aencouragement“鼓励”；congratulation“恭喜”；improvement“改进”；explanation“解释”。与上题一样，要结合空后面的意思选择，为要举行的
32、考试或体育比赛写的话，该是鼓励的，故选A。4A.answered BlovedCwrote Dexamined解析：选Banswer“回答”；love“爱”；write“写”；examine“检查”。一开始，他们很喜欢这些便条，选B。5A.lately Bby the timeCby the way Dgradually解析：选Blately“最近”；by the time“到时间为止”；by the way“顺便说一下”；gradually“逐渐地”。到大儿子上高中为止，选B。6A.enjoyed BreceivedCunderstood Dcollected解析：选Aenjoy“享受”；r
33、eceive“收到”；understand“理解”；collect“收集”。可由上下文的意思分析：我最大的儿子不再享受我的便条，故选A。7A.copy BreadCtake Dsend解析：选Bcopy“复制”；read“读”；take“拿”；send“送”。母亲写条，孩子读，可知选B。8A.held up BcontinuedCgave up Dfollowed解析：选Bhold up“举起，耽搁”；continue“继续”；give up“放弃”；follow“跟随”。我继续写直到他毕业那天，故选B。9A.out Bto collegeCto Sacramento Dhome解析：选Dou
34、t“出去”；to college“去大学”；to Sacramento“去Sacramento”；home“家”。可由下文提到的我从最小的孩子走了以后，尤其希望大儿子回来，推断出大儿子是想回家住几个月，选D。10A.completing BorganizingCplanning Dcomparing解析：选Acomplete“完成”；organize“组织”；plan“计划”；compare“对比”。这些是做完了的事，所以用completing，选A。11A.hopefully BparticularlyCcertainly Dfinally解析：选Dhopefully“有希望地”；parti
35、cularly“尤其是”；certainly“当然”；finally“终于”。完成学业，经过实习以后，他终于成了技术助手，用finally，符合语境，选D。12A.Because of BExcept forCInstead of DAs for解析：选Bbecause of“因为”；except for“除了”；instead of“而不是”；as for“为了”。孩子住得远，只是除去短短的假期回家拜访，选B。13A.especially BequallyCimmediately Dgenerally解析：选Aespecially“尤其是”；equally“相等地”；immediately“
36、立刻”；generally“一般地”。马克回来我特别高兴，故选A。14A.once BstillCagain Deven解析：选Bonce“曾经”；still“仍然”；again“再次”；even“曾经”。做以前一直在做的事，故选B。15A.fetched BpackedCbought Dfilled解析：选Bfetch“去拿”； pack“收拾行李，准备”；buy“买”；fill“填满”。因为我还在为他最小的弟弟准备午餐，我也帮马克准备了一份，故选B。16A.fear BangerCsurprise Ddisappointment解析：选Cfear“恐惧”；anger“生气”；surpris
37、e“惊奇”；disappointment“失望”。前文提到过大儿子在上大学的时候说过不需要母亲的纸条了，所以，对于现在大儿子对见不到纸条的失望，母亲感到的是惊奇，故选C。17A.waiting for Bworrying aboutCasking about Dcaring for解析：选Cwait for“等待”；worry about“担心”；ask about“询问”；care for“照顾”。想象我的惊讶当儿子打电话来询问便条的事情，故选C。18A.funny BstrangeCsmart Dwrong解析：选Dfunny“有趣的”；strange“奇怪的”；smart“聪明的”；wr
38、ong“错误的”。儿子见不到母亲的纸条，很失望，所以打电话问是不是自己做得不好了，故选D。19A.enough BbetterConce more Dany more解析：选Denough“足够”；better“好”；once more“多一次”；any more“不再”，not .any more“不再”。难道你不再爱我了吗？故选D。20A.interestingly BlaughinglyCbitterly Dpolitely解析：选Binterestingly“有趣地”；laughingly“笑着”；bitterly“痛苦地”；politely“礼貌地”。可用排除法，laughingly
39、，符合当时母亲对儿子的态度，故选B。.语法填空I dream to be 1.a popular teacher in the future because I hope I can bring knowledge and 2.happiness (happy) to children. With time passing by, my wonderful middle school life is coming to the end.Just When I 3.entered (enter) Sunshine School, I was a childish boy 4.who/that l
40、iked playing computer games. I still remembered my first midterm exam. I failed many subjects. I even thought about 5.giving (give) up. It was Ms. Zhang who encouraged me 6.to face (face) the difficulties bravely. With the help of my teacher, I redoubled my efforts. Nowadays, I overcame difficulties
41、 and always do well in the school subjects. Thanks 7.to Ms. Zhang, I have gained a lot both in my study 8.and in my life. I hope I can be as 9.excellent (excellently) as my teacher.All in all, I will learn harder to get 10.more (much) knowledge so as to lay a good foundation for my future. I will ma
42、ke full use of my every second and make my dream come true. I believe I can succeed!.短文改错Hi, MikeWhat is everything with you? I hope youre well!It was great to hearing from you. Thanks for the invitation of your birthday party on the 17th. Unlucky, were going on the holiday on the 10th and we arent
43、coming back until the 20th. Im afraid there are no way I can go. But I hope you have really good time and enjoy the party.Im really exciting about our holiday because were going to Sanya! Its my first time! There will be lot of sun and swimming. I believe itll be great!Well, Ive got other emails to write so Ill finish there.Take care and write again soon.Amy答案：第一句：WhatHow第三句：hearinghear第四句：ofto第五句：UnluckyUnluckily；去掉第一个the第六句：areis第七句：really前加 a第八句：excitingexcited第十句：lot oflots of/a lot of第十二句：therehere
