1、（全国I卷）2021届高三英语下学期3月第二次模拟考试题（四）注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每
2、题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThere are campus museums all over China that offer various collections and make for eye-opening visits.Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang UniversityAdmission: freeOpening hours: Tuesday and Saturday, 9:00 am-12:00 pmHighlights: Included among the more than
3、300 historic aircraft and space artifacts are one of the two Northrop P-61 Black Widows in the world and Chinas first light airliner, Beijing 1.Fudan University MuseumAdmission: freeOpening hours: Tuesday to Friday, 9:00 am-11:30 am and 1:30 pm-4:30 pmHighlights: A unique collection of native artifa
4、cts from the Gaoshan aborigines in Taiwan. Some of them, such as pearl vests, are rarely seen even in Taiwan.China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean UniversityAdmission: 10 yuanOpening hours: Monday to Friday, 9:00 am-11:30 am and 1:30 pm-4:00 pmHighlights: In this collection of more than 40
5、,000 specimens of about 3,000 ocean-dwelling species, the most eye-catching one is an 18.4-meter-long sperm whale skeleton.Yifu Museum of China University of GeosciencesAdmission: 40 yuan; half price for studentsOpening hours: Monday to Friday, 8:30 am-12:00 pm and 2:30 pm-5:00 pm; weekends and holi
6、days, 9:00 am-4:30 pmHighlights: It houses a collection of more than 30,000 mineral and rock specimens, more than 2,000 of which are rare ones like the museums well-known dinosaur fossils.China Academy Museum at Hunan UniversityAdmission: 50 yuanOpening hours: Monday to Sunday, 8:00 am-6:30 pm in su
7、mmer and 8:30 am-6:00 pm in winterHighlights: Chinas only museum to feature the history of academies and cultural education in the country.21. Which museum will you choose if youre interested in sea species?A. China Academy Museum at Hunan University.B. Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences
8、.C. Beijing Air and Space Museum at Beihang University.D. China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University.22. What can you see in Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences?A. Space artifacts.B. Dinosaur fossils.C. Native artifacts.D. Sperm whale skeletons.23. When can you go to China
9、 Academy Museum at Hunan University?A. On Tuesday 6:00 pm in winter.B. On Saturday 8:00 am in winter.C. On Sunday 6:30 pm in summer.D. On Wednesday 8:00 am in summer.BArinze Stanley is a talented young Nigerian artist whose works often leave people asking themselves if theyre looking at a pencil dra
10、wing or a high-definition black and white photograph. Yes, his drawing skills are that good!Arinzes interest in art, drawing in particular, was started at a young age, primarily by the fact that he was always surrounded by paper. His family ran a paper company, so he would often kill time by grabbin
11、g a piece of paper and trying his hand at drawing. But he only started exploring hyper-realism in 2012, and became a professional artist a year later. He has never taken any professional art classes, and says that the level of detail he is able to produce is only the result of years of practice, Loo
12、king at his fantastic artworks, its safe to say that he has come a long way in very little time.“Ive got a motto I work with and thatsPractice, Patience, and Persistence,” Arinze said. “Constant practice makes me better at what I do but it will not have been possible without persistence and patience
13、, as it takes over 200 hours to complete a drawing and I only have time to work during the night due to my busy schedule at work during the day.”Arinze says that he takes inspiration for his artworks from everything around him and takes reference photos himself using a camera, but focuses primarily
14、on portraits. He acknowledges that he often ends up staring at peoples feces unconsciously, and adds that being a portrait artist has made him appreciate the varieties of human facial structures and details.24. What does the author think of Arinzes works?A. They are contradictory.B. They are controv
15、ersial.C. They are quite true to life.D. They make the audience less confident.25. What can we know about Arinzes childhood from the text?A. He used to take art classes.B. He had easy access to paper.C. He was interested in paper folding.D. He was able to take amazing photos.26. Where are Arinzes id
16、eas for his drawings from?A. His real life.B. Art books.C. Masters drawings.D. His wild imagination.27. According to the text, Arinze _.A. is still an amateur artistB. draws extremely quicklyC. is born to be detail-focusedD. has progressed quickly in drawingCThere is an “environmental silver lining”
17、 as a result of the coronavirus(冠状病毒) carbon emissions have been reduced by more than 4%, many wildlife markets around the world have been shuttered and air quality in some places has slightly improved, Dave Ford, founder of the environmental literacy organization SoulBuffalo, says.But thanks to an
18、increase in pandemic-related, non-recyclable materials such as take-out plastic containers and masks, 30% more waste has entered our oceans, he notes. “Theres 129 billion facemasks being made every month enough that you could cover the entire country of Switzerland with facemasks at the end of this
19、year if trends continue,” he says. “And a lot of these masks are ending up in the water.” The masks look like jellyfish in other words, food to turtles and other wildlife creatures, thus, attractive to those animals and then endangering them, he says.Very little of the plastic we use is actually rec
20、yclable. Sharon Lerner of The Intercept told Here & Now last year that “the vast majority of plastic that has ever been produced 79% has actually ended up in landfills or burned, but not refashioned into new products”. Even if the plastics we have can be reused, Ford says recycling programs across t
21、he globe are facing drastic budget cuts.“Were starting to see recycling programs shuttered, waste picking communities operating at 50% or actually shutting down. They are the last line of defense between plastic and the environment,” he says.Last year, Unilever planned to cut its use of non-recycled
22、 plastics in half by 2025. In an interview with Here & Now, Richard Slater, Unilevers chief research and development officer, drew on the industry argument that plastic packaging is lighter, which means less shipping and therefore fewer dangerous emissions that cause climate change.Yes, plastics are
23、 lightweight and can cut down on fuel spending. But on the other hand, plastic waste is being found in every facet of lifeeven in the deepest ocean.28. What does “environmental silver lining” in Paragraph 1 refer to?A. An environmental organization.B. The closure of some wildlife markets.C. The decr
24、ease of carbon dioxide emissions.D. Benefits on environment from the coronavirus.29. Why are facemasks appealing to some sea creatures?A. They resemble the sea creatures food.B. They contain certain unique chemicals.C. Many sea creatures like to chase plastic by nature.D. There is a continuous short
25、age of food in the ocean.30. What can we learn about the plastic waste?A. Most of it is recycled into new products.B. The majority of it is buried or burned.C. 129 billion facemasks end up in the ocean.D. There is enough budget for plastic recycling.31. Which of the following might be the best title
26、 for the text?A. Plastic can cut down fuel spendingB. Recycling programs are shutting downC. The coronavirus has caused more ocean plasticD. Solutions to ocean plastic pollution are being exploredDPolice recently caught the suspected Golden State Killer using a tool they could only have dreamed of d
27、ecades ago, when a shocking series of murders shook California: a database filled with peoples genetic data(基因数据).Police used an open-source database called GEDmatch to find relatives who matched genetic material taken from an old crime scene, then worked backward to identify and catch 72-year-old f
28、ormer police officer Joseph James DeAngelo.GEDmatchs 950,000 users voluntarily upload and share their genetic information, making it accessible to others who share their own data including law enforcement(执法). More than a dozen other similar platforms also exist. “If your relatives have contributed
29、and you are part of even a family tree that appears online in one of these shared resources, you can be indirectly tracked through the combination of their DNA and the publicly available family history,” says Dr. Robert Green, a medical geneticist at Harvard Medical School.Data sent to commercial co
30、mpanies like 23andMe, which has over 5 million customers, is much tougher for outsiders to access, but the case has still highlighted the issue of genetic privacy.Although many genetic-testing companies have been asked to cooperate with legal investigations(调查), and clearly warn customers of this po
31、ssibility, not all requests are honored. “23andMe has never given customer information to law-enforcement officials,” a company representative told TIME.The risks of keeping such sensitive data private are high. The potential for abuse exists; for example, insurance companies could theoretically use
32、 genetic data to refuse coverage(保险项目), Green says. But the systems in place to prevent misuse appear to be working. One is the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act, a 2008 law that protects consumers from employment and insurance discrimination related to genetics. As long as thats the case, G
33、reen says, the good of genetic tests outweighs the bad.Sharon Zehe, a lawyer for the department of laboratory medicine and pathology at the Mayo Clinic, takes a more cautious approach. “Family tree services can be fun, but make sure you are using a reputable organization that has strong privacy poli
34、cies in place,” she says. “Genetic data is biologically as important as a fingerprint.”32. Who is the Golden State Killer?A. Robert Green.B. Joseph James De Angelo.C. The author.D. Sharon Zehe.33. What drives the users to upload their genetic data?A. The Polices force.B. Their relatives advice.C. Th
35、e bosss order.D. Their own willingness.34. Who might misuse customers genetic data?A. The police.B. GEDmatch.C. Insurance companies.D. 23andMe.35. What is the main idea of the text?A. Genetic data is equal to a fingerprint.B. A 72-year-old killer was put into prison.C. Murders causes concern for gen
36、etic privacy.D. Genetic information is shared on the Internet.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Grow Organic Tomatoes in a ContainerAnyone who has seen tomatoes growing in a garden knows that they tend to be huge plants. 36 So the first thing to do when considering
37、 growing tomatoes in a pot is to find a suitable variety.After you find the perfect plant, it is time to plant it. In general, plastic or fiberglass pots are best for growing tomatoes. They dont dry out quickly. While tomatoes love heat, they dont like being dry. 37 Besides, tomatoes need to grow in
38、 a reasonably large pot. A pot must be 8 inches deep. Thats the absolute minimum. A 12- or 16-inch pot is even better. 38 Dont use soil dug directly from the garden. It is too heavy for container gardens. Compost(混合的) based soil, whether purchased or mixed from your special recipe, is nice. When pla
39、nting the tomato, put some soil in the bottom of the pot and set the plant in. After you have the plant set at the proper level, fill in around it with soil. The soil should go up to about an inch below the rim(边缘) of the pot to allow room for watering. 39 The best way to tell when to water is to st
40、ick your finger into the soil if the first two inches are dry, its time to water.The trickiest thing about growing tomatoes in a pot is that they are heavy feeders. Every time you water, you wash nutrients out of the soil. So fertilize(施肥) regularly. Once a month is good. But every other week, apply
41、ing the fertilizer at half-strength is better. 40 A. Thats why clay pots are popular.B. Instead, use whatever soil you can get.C. And dry soil can reduce fruit production.D. This provides constant nutrients for the tomato plants.E. They require peoples much work to stay manageable.F. Tomatoes dont l
42、ike being dry, so water them regularly.G. Any good quality organic potting soil works for tomatoes.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Many of us have characteristics coming from our families. Maybe we have our fathers eyes or
43、grandmothers hair color. But there are still other elements of our personalities picked up by 41 our parents, such as our mothers love of cleaning or our dads 42 of humor.Researchers learn there are usually three kinds of people from their 43 .The first kind of people are the job-oriented(以求职为目的的) w
44、ho 44 to regard a job as simply a way to make money. They 45 to working day after day and dont think it interesting for them to do anything else. If you have a job-oriented father, you may 46 work this way. However, youll not 47 hold the viewpoint if you grow up close to your job-oriented mother.The
45、 second are the career-oriented who see their jobs as a place to gain 48 . They dont mind working overtime. In fact, some 49 their jobs so much that they are feeling more comfortable in the 50 than at home. They are always 51 of making progress in their work. Being close to a career-oriented father
46、52 youll carry on your fathers. 53 enough, having a mother with this viewpoint seems to have little 54 .The third are the calling-oriented who consider their jobs as a way to have a 55 effect on the world. They are more 56 improving the world around them than 57 a large salary. These people usually
47、come from homes 58 both parents have abilities. This 59 that adolescents need the support of both parents in order to have the confidence.The good news is we still have our 60 to find a career that suits us.41. A. invitingB. nursingC. protectingD. modeling42. A. sceneB. senseC. rightD. gift43. A. st
48、udyB. universityC. academyD. classroom44. A. attemptB. manageC. tendD. offer45. A. are supposedB. are opposedC. look forwardD. are linked46. A. viewB. thinkC. believeD. imagine47. A. frequentlyB. constantlyC. probablyD. potentially48. A. explanationsB. expressionsC. directionsD. achievements49. A. a
49、ddictB. valueC. devoteD. contribute50. A. clubB. officeC. cinemaD. pub51. A. sadB. curiousC. proudD. afraid52. A. equalsB. meansC. demandsD. shows53. A. WorriedlyB. SurelyC. CarefullyD. Strangely54. A. influenceB. evidenceC. justiceD. performance55. A. negativeB. sideC. badD. positive56. A. disappoi
50、nted atB. concerned aboutC. puzzled atD. confused at57. A. payingB. raisingC. earningD. making58. A. whereB. whoseC. whichD. that59. A. suggestsB. insistsC. recommendsD. convinces60. A. adviceB. differenceC. changeD. choice第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。While not everyone wil
51、l have been deep in thought about the subject while staring out of the window during a flight, the question as to why aeroplanes have circular windows rather than square ones 61 (be) interesting. Over the years, aerospace engineering 62 (make) great advances in aeroplane technology, meaning planes c
52、an carry more 63 (passenger) and go faster. The planes have also changed shape and many other things to increase safety, the windows 64 (include). There was a time 65 jets became the mainstream, and the De Havilland Comet came into fashion. With a pressurized cabin(加压舱), it was able to go higher and
53、 faster 66 other aircrafts.However, the plane had square windows and in 1953 two planes fell apart in the air, killing 56 people in total. 67 did the plane crash? As for the windows, where theres a corner, theres a weak spot. Windows, 68 (have) four corners have four potential weak spots, making the
54、m likely to crash under stress, like air pressure. By curving the window, the stress that would 69 (eventual) crack the window corner is distributed and the likelihood of 70 (it) breaking is reduced.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的
55、增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。It is no doubt that birds are our friends. Therefore, a large number of birds are killed for food every year, which really caused more and more people to be worried. The other
56、 day I was walking in the woods when a shot was heard. Heard the shot, the bird in the trees flew in all directions. A bird was bad injured and looked sad. Finding a bird injured, I decide to take it home. At home I took good care of it. When it recovered, I returned it back to the woods. I hope som
57、ething can be done to protect birds from killed.第二节 书面表达（满分25分）假定你是某国际学校高中生李华，最近你发现你校图书馆阅览室中存在高声喧哗和乱丢垃圾的现象，请用英语给馆长Mr. Smith写一封信。要点如下：1.说明写信的目的；2.提出合理的建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Mr. Smith,I am Li Hua, a high school student. Thank you for your consideration.Yours sincer
58、ely,Li Hua2020-2021学年高三第二次模拟考试卷英 语 （四）答案第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）略第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）A【答案】21-23 DBD【解析】本文是一篇说明文。中国各地都有校园博物馆提供各种各样的收藏品，让人大开眼界。文章主要介绍了五个校园博物馆门票、开放时间以及各自亮点等。21.细节理解题。由China Ichthyic Culture Museum at Shanghai Ocean University部分“In this collection of more than 40,000 spec
59、imens of about 3,000 ocean-dwelling species, the most eye-catching one is an 18.4-meter-long sperm whale skeleton.”可知，如果你对海洋生物感兴趣，你可以去上海海洋大学中国鱼文化博物馆，故选D。22.细节理解题。由Yifu Museum of China University of Geosciences部分“It houses a collection of more than 30,000 mineral and rock specimens, more than 2,000 o
60、f which are rare ones like the museums well-known dinosaur fossils.”可知，在中国地质大学逸夫博物馆可以看到恐龙化石。故选B。23.细节理解题。由China Academy Museum at Hunan University部分“Opening hours: Monday to Sunday, 8:00 am-6: 30 pm in summer and 8:30 am-6:00 pm in winter”可知，选项D符合题意。B【答案】24-27 CBAD【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了尼日利亚艺术家Arinze St
61、anley绘画非常逼真，介绍了Arinze开始从事绘画的个人经历以及他对于绘画的一些看法。24.细节理解题。根据第一段可知，Arinze Stanley是一位才华横溢的年轻尼日利亚艺术家，他的作品经常让人们问自己：看到的是铅笔画还是高清黑白照片？是的，他的绘画技巧就是有那么好！因此作者认为Arinze的作品非常逼真。故选C。25.细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Arinze对艺术的兴趣，尤其是对绘画的兴趣，在很小的时候就开始了，主要是因为他总是被纸包围着。他的家族经营着一家纸业公司，所以他经常拿起一张纸，试着画画来消磨时间。由此可知Arinze童年很容易拿到纸。故选B。26.细节理解题。根据最后一
62、段，Arinze说，他会从周围的一切中汲取灵感，自己用相机拍摄参考照片，但主要集中在人像上。由此可知，Arinze的绘画灵感来自他的真实生活。故选A。27.推理判断题。根据第二段内容，直到2012年，他才开始探索超现实主义，并在一年后成为一名职业艺术家。他从来没有上过任何专业的艺术课程，他说自己能够制作的细节水平只是多年实践的结果，看看他神奇的艺术品，可以肯定地说，他已经在很短的时间里走了很长一段路。可推知Arinze在绘画方面进步很快。故选D。C【答案】28-31 DABC【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用增多，导致海洋污染增加。28.词义猜测题。根据文章第一
63、段“carbon emissions have been reduced by more than 4%, many wildlife markets around the world have been shuttered and air quality in some places has slightly improved”（碳排放量减少了4%以上，世界各地许多野生动物市场被关闭，一些地方的空气质量略有改善。）可知，新冠病毒的出现给环境带来了一线希望，所以environmental silver lining指的是新冠病毒对环境的好处。故选D。29.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The m
64、asks look like jellyfish in other words, food to turtles and other wildlife creatures, thus, attractive to those animals and then endangering them”（很多这样的口罩最后都掉进水里了。这种口罩看起来像水母，换句话说，是乌龟和其他野生动物的食物。因此，吸引了这些动物，然后又害了它们。）可知，有些海洋生物喜欢口罩，是因为它们很像海洋生物的食物。故选A。30.细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，去年，Intercept网站的Sharon Lerner在接受采访时
65、表示：绝大多数已经生产出来的塑料，79%最终都被扔进了垃圾填埋场或被焚烧，没有被改造成新产品。因此，大部分塑料废品都被埋了或者烧掉了。故选B。31.主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“But on the other hand, plastic waste is being found in every facet of life even in the deepest ocean.”（但另一方面，塑料垃圾正在生活的各个方面被发现，甚至在最深的海洋。）及全文内容可知，文章介绍了新冠病毒的出现使得塑料产品使用增多，导致海洋污染增加。所以选项C（冠状病毒造成了海洋更多的塑料）作为文章标题最为合适。故选C
66、。D【答案】32-35 BDCC【解析】本文是一篇社会类短文阅读。文章主要讲述由“金州杀手”谋杀案件引发的对基因隐私的担忧。32.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知，“金州杀手”是72岁的前警员Joseph James DeAngelo。故选B。33.细节理解题。根据文章第三段“GEDmatchs 950,000 users voluntarily upload and share their genetic information, making it accessible to others who share their own data including law enforcemen
67、t(执法).”可知，用户是自愿上传他们的基因数据的。故选D。34.细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The risks of keeping such sensitive data private are high. The potential for abuse exists; for example, insurance companies could theoretically use genetic data to refuse coverage(保险项目), Green says.”可知，保险公司可能会滥用客户的基因数据。故选C。35.主旨大意。文章主要讲述由“金州杀手”谋杀案件引发的
68、对基因隐私的担忧。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）【答案】36-40 ECGFD【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在容器中种植有机西红柿。36.上文提示：任何看过西红柿在菜园里生长的人都知道，它们往往特别大。E项（它们需要人们做大量的工作来保持可控性。）能够承接上文，且能够引起下文考虑在容器中种植西红柿时，首先要做的是找到合适的品种。故选E。37.空格上句介绍的是西红柿的生长环境，喜欢热，但不喜欢干。C项（土壤干燥会降低果实产量。）能够承接上文，上文说西红柿不喜欢干燥的土壤，选项说明了不喜欢干燥的土壤的原因，故选C。38.下文提示：不要用直接从菜园里挖的土。它对容器菜园
69、来说太重了。用混合的土壤，无论是购买或混合自你的特殊配方，都可以。本段内容告诉我们如何选择种植西红柿的土壤。G项（任何优质的有机盆栽土壤都适合种植西红柿。）符合段落主旨，告诉我们选择土壤时，任何优质的有机盆栽土壤都适合种植西红柿。故选G。39.下文提示：判断何时该浇水的最好方法是把手指伸进土壤里，如果头两英寸是干的，就应该浇水了。本段内容告诉我们如何给西红柿浇水。F项（西红柿不喜欢干，所以要经常浇水。）能够引起下文，故选F。40.上文提示：一个月一次就好了。但每隔一周，以平常用量的一半施用肥料会更好。本段内容告诉我们如何给西红柿施肥。D项（这为西红柿植物提供了连续不断的营养。）能够承接上文，说
70、明了这样做的原因，故选D。第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）【答案】41-45 DBACC46-50 ACDBB51-55 CBDAD56-60 BCAAD【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提出一项研究将人们按照工作观念分为三种类型：以求职为目的、以事业为目的、以使命感为目的，而持不同观念的人都会或多或少影响到自己的下一代。41.考查动词词义辨析。A. inviting：邀请；B. nursing：照顾；C. protecting：保护；D. modeling：模拟，模仿。结合文段的主题家庭的遗传和继承，显然这里指我们通过模仿父母、
71、以父母为榜样形成了一些性格特征。故选D项。42.考查名词词义辨析。A. scene：场景，现场；B. sense：感觉，感官；C. right：权利；D. gift：礼物，天赋。这里举例说明性格特征，应该用sense of humor表示幽默感。故选B项。43.考查名词词义辨析A. study：学习，研究；B. university：大学；C. academy：学院；D. classroom：教室。分析句子可知，这里的their应该指researchers，这一结论是从他们的研究中得出来的，要用study。故选A项。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一种人是以求职为目的的，他们倾向于把工作仅视为
72、一种赚钱的手段。A. attempt：企图，试图；B. manage：管理，设法；C. tend：趋向，照料；D. offer：提供。这里进一步解释以求职为目的的人的特点，故选C项。45.考查固定短语词义辨析。A. are supposed：被期望，应该；B. are opposed：反对；C. look forward：期待；D. are linked：与有关联。从该句中刻画出的“工作狂”形象不难推断，他们对工作是满怀期待的。故选C项。46.考查动词词义辨析。A. view：观察，查看；B. think：认为；C. believe：相信；D. imagine：想象。与下一句的viewpoin
73、t对应，这里指父亲的工作观念可能会影响子女产生相同的观念，也就是如何看待工作。故选A项。47.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果你是在工作狂母亲身边长大的话，可能就不会持这种观念了。A. frequently：频繁地；B. constantly：不断地；C. probably：可能，或许；D. potentially：潜在地。根据However一词可知该句与前文形成转折，前句中就用到了may，这里也要用probably，都表示一种推测。故选C项。48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二种人是以事业为目的的，他们会把工作看作获取成就的机会。A. explanations：解释；B. expressio
74、ns：表情；C. directions：指导，说明；D. achievements：成就。结合语境来看，第二种人事业心强，与后文的making progress结合起来，应该指他们希望通过工作来取得进步、获得成就。故选D项。49.考查动词词义辨析。A. addict：使上瘾；B. value：评估，重视；C. devote：奉献，致力于；D. contribute：贡献，出力。从文段内容来看，第二种人把工作看得很重要，这里用value可以表示重视。故选B项。50.考查名词词义辨析。A. club：俱乐部；B. office：办公室；C. cinema：电影院；D. pub：酒吧。这里凸显第二种
75、人对工作的重视程度。故选B项。51.考查形容词词义辨析。A. sad：伤心的；B. curious：好奇的；C. proud：骄傲的；D. afraid：害怕的。第二种人重视工作，当然也享受工作带来的成就感，所以会对工作中的进展产生正向积极的情绪。故选C项。52.考查动词词义辨析。句意：与一个以事业为目的的父亲亲近，意味着你会继承他的特点。A. equals：等同于；B. means：意味着；C. demands：要求；D. shows：表明。此处要用mean表示“意味着”，说明一种结果或影响。故选B项。53.考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇怪的是，和这样的母亲相处似乎受不到什么影响。A. Worr
76、iedly：担忧地；B. Surely：当然；C. Carefully：小心地；D. Strangely：奇怪地，奇妙地。根据句中little一词不难推断，这里要表达与前句相反的意思，父亲会影响子女，母亲却没有影响，这是比较让人奇怪、疑惑的。故选D项。54.考查名词词义辨析。A. influence：影响；B. evidence：证据；C. justice：正义；D. performance：表演。同样与前句对照，第二种类型的父亲会对子女的工作观念产生很大影响，这里转折的句意应当指母亲对子女的影响微乎其微。故选A项。55.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第三种人是以使命感为目的的，他们会认为自己的工
77、作对整个世界都有积极的作用。A. negative：消极的；B. side：侧的；C. bad：坏的；D. positive：积极的。既然是工作有使命感的人，一定会认为自己做的事情对世界有意义，有积极的影响。故选D项。56.考查固定短语词义辨析。A. disappointed at：对失望；B. concerned about：对担心；C. puzzled at：对迷惑；D. confused at：对困惑。第三种人是使命感较强的人，他们对于大局、对于周围的世界会关注、担心得更多。故选B项。57.考查动词词义辨析。A. paying：付款；B. raising：抬起，举起；C. earning
78、：挣钱；D. making：制作。这里搭配的宾语是a large salary，要表现第三种人的使命感，应该指他们对挣大钱不是很在意。故选C项。58.考查定语从句关系词辨析。句意：这些人通常来自于父母能力都比较强的家庭。A. where：关系副词，作状语；B. whose：关系代词，作定语；C. which：关系代词，作主、宾语；D. that：关系代词，作主、宾语。分析句子结构可知，空格处前后句成分都完整，考虑定语从句，应当把先行词homes视为后句的地点状语，此时要用关系副词where。故选A项。59.考查动词词义辨析。句意：这表明青少年们需要父母的支持才能获得自信。A. suggests
79、：建议，表明；B. insists：坚持；C. recommends：推荐；D. convinces：使信服。分析句子可知，空格后的句子就是从前文中得出的一个结论，主语This指代的就是前句描述的事实，应该用suggest表示“表明，暗示”。故选A项。60.考查名词词义辨析。句意：好消息是，我们仍然可以自己选择找到一份适合自己的工作。A. advice：建议；B. difference：差异；C. change：改变；D. choice：选择。文章中讲的全都是父母的事业性格类型对子女的影响，最后话锋一转，要表达每人也有自行选择事业的权利。故选D项。第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
80、【答案】61. is62. has made/has been making63. passengers64. included65. when66. than67. Why68. having69. eventually70. its【解析】本文是一篇科普文。文章向我们解答了飞机的窗户是圆形而不是方形的疑惑。61.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但为什么飞机的窗户是圆形而不是方形的这个问题还是很有趣的。主语为the question，且是在陈述事实。故填is。62.考查时态。句意：多年来，航空航天工程在飞机技术方面取得了巨大的进步。时间状语over the years可知，用现在完成时。航天事业在
81、飞机技术上取得的进步可以是已经实现的，也可以理解为一直持续进行的，所以也可用现在完成进行时。故填has made/has been making。63.考查名词的数。句意：这意味着飞机可以搭载更多的乘客，速度更快。根据文中的more可知，应使用名词复数。故填passengers。64.考查非谓语动词。名词the windows与动词include是被动关系，所以用动词过去式作后置定语。故填included。65.考查定语从句。句意：喷气式飞机曾一度成为主流，哈维兰彗星也开始流行起来。句中先行词为time，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when引导定语从句。故填when。66.考查介词。
82、句意：由于有一个增压舱，它能够比其他飞机飞得更高更快。根据句中的形容词比较级higher和faster，所以是it和other aircrafts的比较。故填than。67.考查疑问副词。句意：飞机为什么会坠毁？根据空后一句可知，这个问句是在询问坠机的原因。故填Why。68.考查非谓语动词。句意：有四个角的窗户有四个潜在的弱点，这使得它们在压力下，比如气压下，很可能会破裂。名词Windows与动词have是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填having。69.考查副词。句意：通过弯曲窗户，最终会使窗户角落破裂的应力得到分布，从而降低窗户破裂的可能性。动词crack前用副词修饰。故填event
83、ually。70.考查代词。修饰名词breaking，前it要改为形容词性物主代词。故填its。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）【答案】1.第一句，It改为There2.第二句，Therefore改为However 3.第二句，caused改为causes4.第四句，Heard改为Hearing 5.第四句，bird改为birds 6.第五句，bad改为badly7.第六句，a改为the 8.第六句，decide改为decided9.第八句，去掉back10.第九句，在from后加being【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者救了一只受伤的鸟并呼吁大家保护
84、鸟类。1.考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，鸟类是我们的朋友。固定句型There is no doubt that：毫无疑问。故将It改为There。2.考查副词。句意：然而，每年都有大量的鸟类被杀作为食物，这确实引起了越来越多的人的担忧。前句与本句是转折关系。故将Therefore改为However。3.考查动词时态。根据时间词every year说明这是一个现存的事实现象，所以用一般现在时。非限定性定语从句，指代前面的一件事，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故将caused改为causes。4.考查非谓语动词。句意：一听到枪声，树上的鸟儿就四散奔逃。逻辑主语the birds和动词hear是主动关系，
85、所以用现在分词作状语。故将Heard改为Hearing。5.考查名词的数。根据句中in all directions可知不止一只鸟，所以用名词复数。故将bird改为birds。6.考查副词修饰动词，用副词形式。故将bad改为badly。7.考查冠词。这只鸟是特指的那只受伤的鸟，所以用定冠词the。故将a改为the。8.考查动词时态。根据前句的“was”和“looked”可知应用过去时，故decide改为decided。9.考查固定短语。动词return就是“归还”的意思，固定短语return sth to sb=give sth back to sb：把某物还给某人。故将back删去。10.考
86、查非谓语动词。名词birds与动词kill是被动关系，且固定短语protect sb from doing sth：保护某人不做某事。故在from后添加being。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）【范文】Dear Mr. Smith, I am Li Hua, a high school student. I am writing to draw your attention to the improper behaviors among students in the reading rooms of the school library: making too much noise and
87、littering. As you know, it is difficult for readers to focus while some students are talking to each other or making phone calls. Besides, a noisy and dirty environment is not only bad for our health but also has a negative effect on our studying. Therefore, in my opinion, some measures should be ta
88、ken to solve these problems. First, put up some signs that forbid such improper behaviors. Second, ask all the students to pick up their rubbish when they leave. Thank you for your consideration. Yours sincerely, Li Hua【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给图书馆馆长Mr. Smith写一封信，说明图书馆阅览室中存在的不当行为并提出合理的建议。第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根
89、据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量现在进行时。结构：总分法，把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。第二步：列提纲（重点词组/句型）draw ones attention to.；make too much noise；it is difficult for sb. to do sth.；put up；pick up第三步：连词成句1. A noisy and dirty environment is not only bad for our health but also has a negative effect on our studying.2. Put up s
90、ome signs that forbid such improper behaviors.3. Ask all the students to pick up their rubbish when they leave.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First，Second2.表并列补充关系：Besides，Not only.but also.，and3.表因果关系：Therefore连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【名师点睛】As you know, it is difficult for readers to focus while some students are talking to each other or making phone calls.（由while引导的时间状语从句）First, put up some signs that forbid such improper behaviors.（由关系代词that引导限制性定语从句）
