1、（全国卷）2021年1月高三英语诊断性测试试题（含解析）本试卷共 150分，考试时间 100分钟。第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节 （共 15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）AWere all familiar with the “hop on hop off” buses that tour around big cities. It seems theres now a new option coming thats bigger and better than those that have gone before. Next year, expedition company
2、 Adventures Overland is set to launch a new “hop on hop off” bus service that will travel 20,000km from India to England. The vehicle, which will have space for 20 people, is set to cross 18 countries in 70 days and passengers will be able to stop off in cities along the way.People looking to book t
3、he trip will be able to choose if they want to take the entire journey, or one of the four legs (Southeast Asia, China, Central Asia, Europe). If you take the route that begins in Delhi, the bus will travel to Thailand, before going up to China, then onto Russia and European cities such as Warsaw, P
4、rague and Brussels before finishing in London.Adventure Overlands bus route was partly inspired by the Hippie Trail buses that crossed the world in the 50s and 60s. Despite being the “longest bus journey in the world”, guests are bound to be comfortable with features such as business class seats, Wi
5、-Fi, in-seat phone charging points, private lockers and individual entertainment systems with AUX and USB ports. Anyone looking to book the great voyage must be willing to part with a considerable amount of money. Tickets for the journey are priced at 15,300 and the first departure is currently set
6、for May 2021. “The best time to do this journey is between April and June, because thats when the weather is favorable to start the journey from India through to Myanmar, and to cross the high mountains of China and Kyrgyzstan,” Adventures Overland co-founder Tushar Agarwal told CNN. “There are a lo
7、t of people, travelers, who want to experience these overland journeys, but they dont want to drive.”1. Where can be the destination of the bus service?A. China.B. Thailand.C. England.D. Russia.2. Which of the following is Not the feature of the “hop on hop off” buses?A. Comfortable seats.B. Private
8、 lockers.C. Accessible Internet.D. Computer games.3. When is the best time to take the journey?A. January.B. May.C. July.D. October.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一种新型的汽车旅行“hop on hop off”。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“a new “hop on hop off” bus service that will travel 20,000km from India to England.”（一项新
9、的公交服务hop on hop off：将要从印度旅行20000千米到英国）可知，旅行的起点是印度，终点是英国，故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“guests are bound to be comfortable with features such as business class seats, Wi-Fi, in-seat phone charging points, private lockers and individual entertainment systems”（旅客们一定会很舒服的，因为有商务舱的座椅，Wifi，座位可以为手机充电，私人寄存柜和个人娱乐系统。）
10、可知，这趟列车有舒服的座椅，可连接的网络，私人寄存柜，故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“The best time to do this journey is between April and June”（旅行最好的时间在四月和六月之间）可知，旅客们可以选择4月-6月的任意时间，故选B项。BWe never knew why my father took over storytelling for his three little girls, but we always suspected it was to save us from Sleeping Beauty. Walt
11、 Disneys masterwork hit the big suburban screens in 1959 with a message for girls as vivid as its widescreen Technirama: If youre pretty enough, a prince will rescue you.My father invented a series of bedtime stories featuring three princesses who happened to be just our ages and even looked like us
12、. For some reason, the grownups were never around when danger struck. So, night after night, it was up to the three sisters to save the village, which they always managed to do just about the time that one of us fell asleep.It did occur to us that this village was either highly unfortunate or its ad
13、ults incredibly clumsy that so much fell to these little girls. We also saw that our parents wanted us to be strong. These girls didnt need to be rescued. They were alert, wise, and bold. That was enough.But how to carry this storyline into life was not obvious. In my early experience, women were ju
14、st beginning to be admitted to what had been men-only colleges, and teaching jobs followed. I loved to tell my network about the welcome dinner for new graduate students in vast, candlelit Gothic hall. I sat next to the dean of the graduate school, whose first words to me were: “I dont know why the
15、graduate school is now admitting women. Youll all just get married, have babies, and your education will be wasted.” After a few days to recover, I began telling friends this story and found their laughter and support encouraging. Soon, I had accumulated many such stories.Then, one of them hit hard.
16、 A colleague I trusted urged me, seriously, to quit teaching, because “If you dont leave political science, you will lose everything feminine about you.” I laughed. While losing someone elses idea of femininity might have seemed a great loss, losing weakness surely was not! The power of that promise
17、 supported me. I taught political science for seven more years with a great sense of appreciation for the opportunity, until taking up journalism, which I loved more.Still waiting for a prince? Be one.4. Why did father invent bedtime stories for his three little girls?A. To help them fall asleep.B.
18、To make their life colorful.C. To encourage them to be strong.D. To make them interested in stories.5. Whats the deans attitude toward women?A. Positive.B. Objective.C. Prejudiced.D. Ambiguous.6. Which of the following might the author most agree with?A. Women can work better than men.B. At no time
19、should women be labeled as weak.C. It is a waste of time for women to go to college.D. Women should give up everything to be feminine.7. Which saying can best describe this passage?A. Great minds think alike.B. Judge not a book by its cover.C. Failure is the mother of success.D. A friend in need is
20、a friend indeed.【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了父亲为了鼓励三个女儿坚强勇敢、自强独立而给她们编了一系列睡前故事来教导她们。作者也因此受到父亲影响，接受高等教育，从教政治学以及新闻工作等，活出了女性的精彩而不是被对女性的偏见所束缚。【4题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段 “My father invented a series of bedtime stories featuring three princesses who happened to be just our ages and even looked like us.
21、For some reason, the grownups were never around when danger struck. So, night after night, it was up to the three sisters to save the village, which they always managed to do just about the time that one of us fell asleep. ”（我父亲发明了一系列睡前故事，讲的是三位公主，她们恰好和我们年龄相仿，甚至长得像我们。出于某种原因，当危险来临时，大人们总是不在场。所以，夜复一夜，只能
22、靠三姐妹来拯救村子了，她们总是在我们其中一个睡着的时候成功拯救村子），根据此故事内容以及第三段“We also saw that our parents wanted us to be strong.（我们也看到我们的父母希望我们变强大）”，再结合下文作者接受高等教育，从教政治学以及新闻工作等经历可知作者变得独立自强，而这得益于父亲以前通过给她编故事进行教导。由此可以推断，父亲以前给他三个女儿编睡前故事是为了鼓励女儿要变得强大。故选C项。【5题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“I sat next to the dean of the graduate school, whose first w
23、ords to me were: “I dont know why the graduate school is now admitting women. Youll all just get married, have babies, and your education will be wasted.”（我坐在研究生院院长旁边，他对我说的第一句话是：我不知道为什么研究生院现在招收女生。你们都会结婚生子，你们的教育就白费了）”可知，这位院长对作者第一句话就是“我不知道为什么研究生院现在招收女生。你们都会结婚生子，你们的教育就白费了”，话语间体现的是对女性的不屑与偏见。故选C项。【6题详解】推
24、理判断题。由文章最后一段“While losing someone elses idea of femininity might have seemed a great loss, losing weakness surely was not! The power of that promise supported me.（虽然失去别人对（我）女性特质的看法可能是一个巨大的损失，但失去别人对（我）软弱的看法绝对不是（损失）！这个承诺的力量支撑着我）”可知，作者认为失去别人对自己女性特质的看法（让别人认为自己没有女性特质）可能会是很大的损失，但失去别人对自己软弱的看法（让别人觉得自己不软弱）绝对
25、不是损失。由此可推断作者认为女性并不应该就是软弱的，不应该给女性贴上软弱的标签。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由文章总结段最后一段 “While losing someone elses idea of femininity might have seemed a great loss, losing weakness surely was not! The power of that promise supported me.（虽然失去别人对（我）女性特质的看法可能是一个巨大的损失，但失去别人对（我）软弱的看法绝对不是（损失）！这个承诺的力量支撑着我）”以及全文作者讲到的一系列关于女性被
26、以偏见待之，以及作者想表达的女性要独立自强、女性也可以强大的观点可知，B项“不要以貌取人”的说法最能总结描述这篇文章。故选B项。CWith reports suggesting a second wave of coronavirus (新冠病毒) may be on its way (or here already), it makes sense to give yourselves a check if were still doing all the right things. Washing hands is one of those things that we were hope
27、fully already doing, but realized in the wake of the pandemic that we could always be doing it more and for longer. But what about washing our food? Given the news that there have been outbreaks in food factories and processing plantsfrom Bernard Matthews to Mr. Kipling locations it does make sense
28、to think about it.Although the government have confirmed that the chance of catching coronavirus from food and food packaging is “very unlikely”, washing food before eating is a part of good habit that can reduce that small risk. Sally Bloomfield, chair of the scientific advisory board of the Intern
29、ational Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene tells people, “Because the items you pick off the shelves in the supermarket will have been touched by other people, there is a chance that the packaging may have become harmful via their hands. Washing your shopping is not a question of whether it is necessa
30、ry, its about minimizing riskand if someone in the home is at increased risk of infection, this becomes more important.”Dr. Perpetua Emeagi, a lecturer in Human Biology and Biological Sciences at Liverpool Hope University, says, “If someone with COVID-19 asked you if you wanted a bite of their sandw
31、ich, you clearly wouldnt go anywhere near it.” And the same caution has to be taken with everything you bring home from the supermarket, as you simply dont know whos been handling it before you. Imagine a scene where someone with COVID-19 has sneezed into their hands before entering the store and pi
32、cking up a tin of beans. The same person changes his mind, puts the tin of beans back on the shelf, only for you to come and place it in your basket shortly afterwards. On the science side, she continues, “Officially, Public Health England tells us that the amount of infectious virus on any surface
33、is likely to have decreased significantly by 24 hours, and even more so by 48 hours. But theres also some evidence to suggest the virus could survive for up to seven days outside the human body. Surfaces like cardboard and plasticcommon supermarket packaging productsare known to effectively harbor C
34、OVID-19. And my advice would be this: wash or wipe down everything you bring home thoroughly before either putting in your cupboards or consuming it.”8. Why did the author mention coronavirus in the first paragraph?A. To lead to the topic.B. To attract young readers.C. To give some evidence.D. To re
35、late the latest event.9. Which of the following is TRUE according to paragraph 2?A. People can by no means catch a virus from food.B. Washing food before eating is a positive and necessary action.C. The items you pick from the supermarket can have a lot of viruses.D. The government has confirmed tha
36、t there is no need to wash food before eating.10. What does the underlined word mean in paragraph 3?A. Cause.B. Destroy.C. Carry.D. Protect.11. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A. Is it necessary to wash food before eating?B. How can we stop the spread of coronavirus?C. Wh
37、at are the best ways to pick up groceries?D. What should we do if we were infected with coronavirus?【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了吃东西前清洗食物的必要性及重要性。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“With reports suggesting a second wave of coronavirus may be on its way (or here already), it makes sense to give yours
38、elves a check if were still doing all the right things.（有报道称，第二波新冠病毒可能即将到来(或者已经到来)，我们有必要检查一下自己是否还在做正确的事情。）”可推断，作者提到新冠病毒是为了引出文章主题是否要清洗食物。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Although the government have confirmed that the chance of catching coronavirus from food and food packaging is “very unlikely”, washing foo
39、d before eating is a part of good habit that can reduce that small risk.（尽管政府已经证实，通过食品和食品包装感染冠状病毒的可能性“非常小”，但吃之前清洗食物是一个好习惯的一部分，可以降低这种小风险。）”可知，吃前清洗食物是一个好的且有必要的举措。故选B项。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词前句“ But theres also some evidence to suggest the virus could survive for up to seven days outside the human body
40、.（但也有一些证据表明，这种病毒可以在人体之外存活7天。）”可知，食品包装也会携有（carry）病毒。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“But what about washing our food? Given the news that there have been outbreaks in food factories and processing plantsfrom Bernard Matthews to Mr. Kipling locations it does make sense to think about it.（但是清洗食物呢?从伯纳德马修斯到吉卜林先
41、生所在的食品厂和加工厂已经爆发了疫情，考虑到这一点是有意义的。）”及全文内容可知，文章主要论述吃前清洗食物是否有必要。所以短文的最佳标题为“吃前清洗食物是否有必要”。故选A项。DScientists believe that birds in North America are shrinking because of rising temperatures associated with climate change. A study published in the peer-reviewed Ecology Letters found not only that birds bodies
42、 are shrinking, but also that their legs are getting shorter and wings are getting longer.David Willard, study co-author, measured 70,716 North American migratory birds of 52 different species from 1978 to 2016. For nearly 40 years, scientists and researchers woke up at about 3: 30 a.m. to collect a
43、nd measure birds that crashed into the museums windows during the spring or fall migration period, according to the Field Museum. “It started as a very casual studysomeone mentioned that birds sometimes run into McCormick Place, and I was curious, so I went for a walk around the building one morning
44、,” Willard said in the museums press release. “I found some dead birds and I brought them back to the museum.”Willard discovered that over time the birds mass decreased by about 2.6% and leg length decreased by about 2.4%. He also found that their wing length increased by about 1.3%. Scientists also
45、 measured temperature, precipitation, vegetation and other factors. They found that warmer temperatures were associated with a smaller body size.Co-author Benjamin Winger, who also studies the evolution and ecology of birds at University of Michigan, told The Washington Post that warmer temperatures
46、 have had an “almost universal effect” on shrinking other animals. The findings were consistent with a 2017 study that researched the breeding of wild zebra finches across a range of temperatures. Scientists found that a hotter climate during breeding periods produced smaller birds.Authors of the mo
47、st recent study, however, also noted that other complications of climate change, such as food limitation and environmental pollution, could have something to do with body size reduction.12. What happened to the birds in North America?A. They lack food.B. They suffer from drought.C. Their body sizes
48、decrease.D. They die of climate change.13. Why did Willard walk around McCormick Place?A. To see how the birds migrate.B. To find out the reason of the birds death.C. To make causal observations.D. To check if there are dead birds.14. What do we know about a zebra finch according to the passage?A. I
49、ts a bird affected by warm temperature.B. Its a kind of zebra that lives in the wild.C. Its a bird whose wing length has increased by 1.3%.D. Its a kind of zebra of a small size.15. Which of the following has no connection with birds shrinking?A. Food limitation.B. Temperature.C. Vegetation.D. Envir
50、onmental pollution.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。科学家们认为，北美的鸟类体型正在变小是因为气候变化导致的气温上升，研究发现，不仅鸟类的身体在萎缩，它们的腿也在变短，翅膀在变长。文章介绍了研究人员是如何开展这项研究以及他们得到的一些发现。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists believe that birds in North America are shrinking because of rising temperatures associated with climate change. A stu
51、dy published in the peer-reviewed Ecology Letters found not only that birds bodies are shrinking, but also that their legs are getting shorter and wings are getting longer.(科学家们认为，北美的鸟类体型正在变小是因为气候变化导致的气温上升。发表在同行评议的生态学快报上的一项研究发现，不仅鸟类的身体在萎缩，它们的腿也在变短，翅膀在变长)”可知，北美鸟类的体型变小了。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“For nea
52、rly 40 years, scientists and researchers woke up at about 3: 30 a.m. to collect and measure birds that crashed into the museums windows during the spring or fall migration period, according to the Field Museum. “It started as a very casual studysomeone mentioned that birds sometimes run into McCormi
53、ck Place, and I was curious, so I went for a walk around the building one morning,” Willard said in the museums press release. “I found some dead birds and I brought them back to the museum.”(菲尔德博物馆表示，近40年来，科学家和研究人员每天凌晨3点半起床，收集和测量那些在春季或秋季迁徙期间撞到博物馆窗户上的鸟类。Willard在博物馆的新闻发布会上说：“这开始时是一项非常随意的研究有人提到鸟儿有时会跑到
54、麦考密克广场，我很好奇，于是有一天早上我就在大楼周围散步。我发现了一些死鸟，我把它们带回了博物馆。”)”可知，Willard在麦考密克广场转悠，是为了查看是否有死鸟。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The findings were consistent with a 2017 study that researched the breeding of wild zebra finches across a range of temperatures. Scientists found that a hotter climate during breeding period
55、s produced smaller birds.(这些发现与2017年的一项研究一致，该研究研究了在不同温度范围内野生斑胸草雀的繁殖情况。科学家们发现，在繁殖期，较热的气候会产生较小的鸟类)”可知，斑胸草雀是一种受温暖气候影响的鸟。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientists believe that birds in North America are shrinking because of rising temperatures associated with climate change.(科学家们认为，北美的鸟类体型正在变小是因为气候变化导致的气温上升)”以
56、及最后一段“Authors of the most recent study, however, also noted that other complications of climate change, such as food limitation and environmental pollution, could have something to do with body size reduction.(然而，这项最新研究的作者也指出，气候变化带来的其他问题，如食物限制和环境污染，可能与体型缩小有关)”可知，食物限制、温度和环境污染都与鸟类体型变小有关，而没有提到C项“植被”。故选
57、C。第二节 （共 5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。No matter how well you do in an interview, arriving more than a few minutes late for a job interview is likely to have a negative effect on an employers impression of you. _16_. In situations where you just cant help being late, use t
58、hese tips as effectively as possible.Call in AdvanceIf youre running late for a job interview, and if youre doubtful whether youll make it on time, always call in advance. Inform whoever answers the phone that youre running late for a job interview. _17_.Sincerely ApologizeEarnestly acknowledge your
59、 mistake and express regret over having made your interviewer wait. _18_. Nobody likes having to wait for somebody whos late, especially employers who have busy schedules._19_Crazy traffic, defective (有缺陷的) alarm clocks, or work delays sound like weak excuses to an employer who set time aside specif
60、ically to talk to you about a job. Anything but a family emergency or severe accident is unlikely to convince your interviewer. When arriving late to a job interview is unavoidable, honesty is a better choice.Put Your Game Face Back OnAs tired as you might feel about being late, take a moment to bre
61、athe deeply, gather your thoughts, and regain your calm before meeting the interviewer. _20_.A. Avoid making up excusesB. Prepare for the Interview in advanceC. Give realistic time frame of when youll arriveD. You should attach importance to the interviewE. Dont let your tired face ruin the entire i
62、nterviewF. Then respectfully move on and dont focus on your delayG. Your being late may influence your chances of getting the job【答案】16. G 17. C 18. F 19. A 20. E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，参加面试时忍不住要迟到的情况下，应对的方法。【16题详解】由上一句“No matter how well you do in an interview, arriving more than a few minutes late for a
63、 job interview is likely to have a negative effect on an employers impression of you.”（无论你在面试中表现如何，迟到几分钟参加面试都可能使雇主对你的印象产生负面影响。）可知，面试迟到会使雇主对应聘者印象不好，结合常识可知，这直接会影响得到工作的机会，上下句顺承关系，承接上文，G选项“你迟到可能会影响你得到这份工作的机会”切题。故选G项。17题详解】本文主要讲，参加面试时忍不住要迟到的情况下，应对的方法。由上两句“If youre running late for a job interview, and if
64、 youre doubtful whether youll make it on time, always call in advance. Inform whoever answers the phone that youre running late for a job interview.”（如果你面试要迟到了，如果你怀疑自己能否准时到达，一定要提前打电话。告诉接电话的人你面试要迟到了。）可知，你觉得自己要迟到了，无法准时到达，所以要给出应对方法，即打电话告知对方自己面试要迟到，和大约什么时候到达参加面试，承接上文，C选项“给出你到达的实际时间框架（范围）”切题。故选C项。【18题详解】
65、由上一句“Earnestly acknowledge your mistake and express regret over having made your interviewer wait.”（诚恳地承认你的错误，并对让面试官久等表示遗憾。）和下一句“Nobody likes having to wait for somebody whos late, especially employers who have busy schedules.”（没有人喜欢等迟到的人，尤其是那些工作繁忙的雇主。）可知，面试迟到后，诚恳地承认错误，鉴于雇主都很忙，所以接下来要恭敬地进行面试，不要再浪费时间纠
66、结于迟到问题了，上下文是顺承关系，承接上下文，F选项“然后恭敬地继续前进，不要把注意力集中在你的拖延上”切题。故选F项。【19题详解】由下两句“Crazy traffic, defective (有缺陷的) alarm clocks, or work delays sound like weak excuses to an employer who set time aside specifically to talk to you about a job. Anything but a family emergency or severe accident is unlikely to co
67、nvince your interviewer.”（疯狂的交通，有缺陷的闹钟，或者工作延误，对于一个专门留出时间和你谈论工作的雇主来说，这些听起来都是软弱的借口。除了家庭紧急情况或严重事故，任何事情都不可能说服面试官。）可知，对面试官而言，除了家庭紧急情况或严重事故，诸如交通堵塞等任何借口都不可能说服面试官，因此不要试图为自己的迟到编造借口（这不奏效），承接下文，A选项“避免编造借口”切题。故选A项。【20题详解】由本段小标题“Put Your Game Face Back On”（严肃点）和上一句“As tired as you might feel about being late, ta
68、ke a moment to breathe deeply, gather your thoughts, and regain your calm before meeting the interviewer.”（尽管你可能会因为迟到而感到疲倦，但在与面试官见面之前，花点时间深呼吸，集中思想，恢复平静。）可知，面试是一件很严肃的事，所以即使因为迟到而疲惫，也要花时间整理自己，使自己精神状态变好，严肃对待面试，因为疲惫/精神状态差会让面试官认为你不重视面试，这于面试结果不利，毁了你的面试，承接上文，E选项“别让你疲惫的脸毁了整个面试”切题。故选E项。第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 55分）
69、第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When I was in junior high school what my _21_ thought of me was really important to me. During those years, I grew much taller than most of my peers. Being so tall made me feel _22_, for I cant _23_ my friends tease.
70、To keep the focus off me and my unusual _24_, I joined in those who would _25_ other kids at school. Being one of the class clowns gave me a way to _26_ that the jokes were directed at others and not at me.I would pull all kinds of tricks that were _27_, and sometimes even harmful to others. Once my
71、 friends and I put a caterpillar on the neck of a girl. She _28_ with fright. I thought it was going to be _29_ but it ended up that no one thought it wasleast of all my father. My parents didnt always think that my _30_ was funny. They _31_ me about the golden rule: to treat others as you would lik
72、e to be treated. Many times, I was _32_ for the hurtful way that I was treating others. What I was doing was _33_ other kids, and in turn hurting my _34_ as well.My parents wanted me to be a _35_ who was a good example to others. They taught me to_36_ my own goals, and to do the best to achieve them
73、. So I went all out to follow my fathers _37_. I sometimes have to _38_ and think before I act, and I make mistakes occasionally everyone is human. But I continue to look for opportunities where I can make a _39_ because of my fathers advice. I now pass it on to you. “Be a leader, Shag, not a _40_.
74、Since people already have to look up to you, give them a good reason to do so.”21. A. parentsB. roommatesC. teachersD. friends22. A. delightedB. uncomfortableC. amusedD. disappointed23. A. bearB. considerC. receiveD. appreciate24. A. habitB. personalityC. heightD. hobby25. A. get along withB. give i
75、n toC. communicate withD. play jokes on26. A. find outB. point outC. make sureD. build up27. A. interestingB. enjoyableC. sorrowfulD. hurtful28. A. blewB. screamedC. sleptD. laughed29. A. equalB. efficientC. funnyD. beneficial30. A. behaviorB. feelingC. inventionD. plan31. A. confusedB. remindedC. s
76、addenedD. urged32. A. disciplinedB. betrayedC. cheatedD. arrested33. A. hurtingB. assistingC. scoldingD. punishing34. A. positionB. gradesC. emotionD. reputation35. A. companionB. teacherC. doctorD. leader36. A. setB. accomplishC. abandonD. grasp37. A. explanationB. adviceC. accountD. charge38. A. t
77、ravelB. stopC. runD. jump39. A. fussB. livingC. differenceD. point40. A. visitorB. loserC. followerD. employer【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者上高中的时候特别在意朋友的看法。那时候作者长的比同龄人高很多，这让他很不自在，为了转移他人的注意
78、力，他开始跟一些人一起捉弄别的同学，作者的父母不认同作者的做法，他们提醒作者要想得到他人的尊重，必须先尊重他人。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我上高中的时候，朋友们对我的看法对我来说很重要。A. parents父母；B. roommates室友；C. teachers老师；D. friends朋友。根据上文“When I was in junior high school（当我上高中的时候）”以及下文“for I cant _3_ my friends tease（因为我不能忍受朋友的嘲笑。）”可知作者很在意朋友的看法。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：长这么高让我很不
79、自在。A. delighted开心的；B. uncomfortable不自在的；C. amused愉快的；D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“for I cant _3_ my friends tease. （因为我不能忍受朋友的嘲笑。）”可知，他害怕因为他长的高被朋友们嘲笑，所以他因为自己长的高而不自在。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为我不能忍受朋友的嘲笑。A. bear忍受； B. consider考虑；C. receive收到；D. appreciate感激。根据第一句“When I was in junior high school, what my _1
80、_ thought of me was really important to me.（当我上高中的时候，朋友的对我的看法对我来说很重要。）”可知，作者很在意朋友的看法，所以不能忍受朋友的嘲笑。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了转移他们对我和我不同寻常的身高的注意力，我开始跟一些人一起捉弄别的同学。A. habit习惯；B. personality性格；C. height高度；D. hobby爱好。根据上文“I grew much taller than most of my peers.（我长的比同龄人高很多。）”可知，作者想转移别人对他的身高的关注。故选C。【25题详解】考
81、查动词短语辨析 。句意：我开始跟一些人一起捉弄别的同学。A. get along with与相处；B. give in to屈服于；C. communicate with与交流；D. play jokes on捉弄。根据下文“Being one of the class clowns gave me a way to _6_ that the jokes were directed at others and not at me.（成为班里的小丑让我有了一种方法来确保那些捉弄是直接针对别人而不是我。）”可知，作者跟一些人一起捉弄别的同学。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A.
82、find out查明；B. point out指出； C. make sure确保； D. build up逐步增强。根据上文“To keep the focus off me and my unusual _4_,（为了转移他们对我和我不同寻常的身高的注意力，）”可知，作者的目的是确保别人不再关注他。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我会耍各种各样的伤害人的花招，有时候甚至是对别人有害的。A. interesting有趣的；B. enjoyable愉快的；C. sorrowful悲伤的；D. hurtful有害的，伤感情的。根据下文“I was _12_ for the hur
83、tful way that I was treating others.（我因为这种伤害人的对待别人的方式受到了惩罚。）”可知，此处为伤害人的。故选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她害怕地尖叫。A. blew吹；B. screamed尖叫；C. slept睡觉；D. laughed嘲笑。根据上文“Once my friends and I put a caterpillar on the neck of a girl.（有一次我朋友和我把一只毛虫放在一个女孩的背上。）”可知，女孩害怕地尖叫。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我原以为这会很有趣。A. equal平等的；B
84、. efficient高效的；C. funny有趣的；D. beneficial有益的。根据下文“My parents didnt always think that my _10_ was funny.（我父母并不总是认为我的行为是有趣的。）”，可知作者原以为自己的行为很有趣。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母并不总是认为我的行为是有趣的。A. behavior行为；B. feeling感觉；C. invention发明；D. plan计划。根据上文“Once my friends and I put a caterpillar on the neck of a girl.
85、（有一次我朋友和我把一只毛虫放在一个女孩的背上。）”可知，此处指作者捉弄别人的行为。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们提醒我黄金法则：对待别人就像你希望别人对待你一样。A. confused使困惑；B. reminded提醒，使想起；C. saddened使伤心；D. urged敦促。根据下文“to treat others as you would like to be treated.（对待别人就像你希望别人对待你一样。）”可知父母是想提醒作者想要怎样被对待，就怎样对待别人。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我因为这种伤害人的对待别人的方式受到了惩罚。A. di
86、sciplined惩戒；B. betrayed出卖；C. cheated欺骗；D. arrested逮捕。根据上文“My parents didnt always think that my _10_ was funny.（我父母并认为我的行为是有趣的。）”可知，父母不赞同作者的做法，因此惩戒了他。故选A。33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我做的事情伤害了别的孩子，相应地也会伤害我的名声。A. hurting伤害；B. assisting帮助；C. scolding责骂；D. punishing惩罚。根据上文“I was _12_ for the hurtful way that I was
87、 treating others.（我因为这种伤害人的对待别人的方式受到了惩罚。）”可知，作者的行为是伤害了别的孩子。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我做的事情伤害了别的孩子，相应地也会伤害我的名声。A. position位置；B. grades分数；C. emotion情感；D. reputation名声。根据前半句“What I was doing was _13_ other kids,（我做的事情伤害了别的孩子，）”可知，作者的行为伤害了别人，相应地别人对他的评价也不好，即损害名声。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父母想让我成为一个能为别人树立好榜样的领导
88、者。A. companion同伴；B. teacher老师；C. doctor医生；D. leader领导者。根据下文“Be a leader,做一个领导者”可知，父母希望他成为领导者。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们教我设定自己的目标，并且竭尽全力去实现它们。A. set设定；B. accomplish完成，实现；C. abandon抛弃；D. grasp抓紧。根据下文“and to do the best to achieve them.（并且竭尽全力去实现它们。）”可知，父母教他先设定目标，然后为之奋斗。故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我竭尽全力听从我
89、父亲的建议。A. explanation解释；B. advice建议；C. account账户；D. charge负责。根据下文“But I continue to look for opportunities where I can make a _19_ because of my fathers advice.（因为我父亲的建议，我可以在我能产生影响的地方继续寻找机会。）”可知，此处是父亲给的建议。故选B。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候在我行动之前我不得不停下来思考。 A. travel旅行；B. stop停下；C. run跑，经营；D. jump跳。根据下文“think
90、before I act（在行动之前思考）”可知，行动之前停下来思考。故选B。【39题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：因为我父亲的建议，我可以在我能产生影响的地方继续寻找机会。A. fuss忙乱，大惊小怪；B. living生计；C. difference不同；D. point点。make a fuss“大惊小怪”；make a living“谋生”； make a difference“起作用，产生影响”；make a point“重视”。故选C。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Shag，要做一个领导者而不是一个跟随者。A. visitor参观者；B. loser失败者；C. followe
91、r跟随者；D. employer雇主。根据下文“Since people already have to look up to you, give them a good reason to do so.（因为人们已经开始崇拜你了，给他们一个这么做的好的理由。）”可知，要做领导者而不是追随者。与前面的 leader形成对比，故选C。第二节 （共 10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A new study at San Diego State University (SDSU) finds a connection between h
92、appiness and socioeconomic status, _41_ (include) income and education, has been growing steadily stronger. Using data from the General Social Survey, SDSU psychologist Jean Twenge and her Lynn University co- author ABell Cooper _42_ (explore) data on 44,198 U.S. adults from 1972 to 2016. The findin
93、gs _43_ (publish) in the American Psychological Association Journal Emotion. The findings show that, on average, the more income someone makes, the _44_ (happy) they are.Twenges research also discovered happiness is more _45_ (strong) related to income now than _46_ was in the 1970s and 1980s. Tweng
94、e concludes money indeed can buy more happiness now _47_ it did in the past.Another possible _48_ (explain), Twenge said, could be linked to _49_ (marry)._50_ the rates were once similar between lower and higher-income Americans, lower-income Americans now are less likely to marry, and married peopl
95、e are reportedly happier on average.【答案】41. including 42. explored 43. were published 44. happier 45. strongly 46. it 47. than 48. explanation 49. marriage 50. Though/Although【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了圣地亚哥州立大学的一项新研究发现，幸福与社会经济地位（包括收入和教育）之间的联系一直在稳步增强。文章介绍了这项研究的一些发现和背后的原因。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：圣地亚哥州立大学的一项新研究发现，幸福与社会
96、经济地位（包括收入和教育）之间的联系一直在稳步增强。结合句意表“包括在内”，后跟名词作宾语，应用介词including。故填including。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：利用综合社会调查的数据，圣地亚哥州立大学心理学家Jean Twenge和她的林恩大学合著者ABell Cooper研探索了44198名美国成年人从1972年到2016年的数据。描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填explored。【43题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：该研究结果发表在美国心理学协会的期刊情感上。描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为finding
97、s，谓语动词用复数。故填were published。【44题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：研究结果表明，平均而言，一个人赚的钱越多，他们就越幸福。此处为句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越，越”，故应填形容词比较级happier。故填happier。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：Twenge的研究还发现，与上世纪七八十年代相比，现在的幸福感与收入的关系更为密切。修饰短语be related to，应用副词strongly，作状语。故填strongly。【46题详解】考查代词。句意：Twenge的研究还发现，与上世纪七八十年代相比，现在的幸福感与收入的关系更为密切。指代上文happ
98、iness，应用代词it。故填it。【47题详解】考查连词。句意：Twenge得出结论说，现在金钱的确可以买到比过去更多的幸福。根据上文比较级more happiness，可知应填than，表示“比更”。故填than。【48题详解】考查名词。句意：Twenge说，另一种可能的解释可能与婚姻有关。空处作主语，表示“解释”应用名词explanation，表抽象概念，不可数。故填explanation。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：Twenge说，另一种可能的解释可能与婚姻有关。空处作宾语，表示“婚姻”应用名词marriage，表抽象概念，不可数。故填marriage。【50题详解】考查状语从句。句
99、意：虽然低收入和高收入美国人的结婚比率曾经相似，但低收入美国人现在结婚的可能性较小，而且据报道已婚人士平均来说更幸福。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though或although，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Though/Although。第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下
100、划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Last weekend, our classmates accompanied by our English teacher go to visit the West Hill Park. That was the fine day, which made us relaxing. When we arrived at the park in the morning, our teachers asked us to appreciate the beautiful sc
101、enery. We noticed some leaves turning yellow and some still remaining in green. The whole park looked just as a great painting. Some students began to take photos in order keep the moment for ever. We walked, sang some songs and laughed happy. We always lose ourselves in studying but forget to eye t
102、he beauty of nature in person. I do wish that their school could organize more activities like this in the future.【答案】1. gowent2. thea3. relaxingrelaxed4. teachersteacher5. 去掉remaining后的in6. aslike7. order后加to8. happyhappily9. butand10. theirour【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述我们班同学和英语老师一起参观西山公园的经历。【详解】1. 考查时态。句
103、意：上周末，我们班同学和我们英语老师去参观西山公园。根据“Last weekend”可知，陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故将go改为went。2. 考查冠词。句意：那天天气晴朗，使我们都感到很放松。此处泛指一天，fine的发音以辅音音素开头，故将the改为a。3. 考查形容词。句意：那天天气晴朗，使我们都感到很放松。修饰人用-ed结尾的形容词，故将relaxing改为relaxed。4. 考查名词。句意：当我们早上到达公园的时候，我们的老师邀请我们一起欣赏漂亮的景色。根据上文“our English teacher”可知，只有一位英语老师，故使用名词单数。故将teachers改为teach
104、er。5. 考查系动词。句意：我们注意到一些树叶变黄，一些树叶仍然保持绿意。remain作为系动词，其后直接加形容词，意为“保持某种状态”。故将remaining后in删除。6. 考查介词。句意：整个公园看起来就像一幅极好的油画。根据名词短语a great painting可知，应用介词like表示“好像”。故将as改为like。7. 考查不定式。句意：为了将此刻永久保存，一些学生开始拍照。根据固定搭配“in order to do sth. ” 表示“为了做某事”。故在order后加to。8. 考查副词，句意：我们散步，唱歌，开心地笑。根据句子结构可知，应用副词修饰动词laughed，故将h
105、appy改为happily。9. 考查连词。句意：我们总是沉浸在学习中，并且忘记亲自去发现自然的美。“lose ourselves in studying ”和“forget to eye the beauty of nature in person”是两个并列成分，故将but改为and。10. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我希望我们的学校在将来可以组织更多这样的活动。根据“our classmates”及“our teacher”可知，这次参观西山公园是我们学校组织的，故将their改为our。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 目前越来越多的学生集中在有免费Wi-Fi的地方，而去图书馆的
106、人却寥寥无几。请你分析产生这一现象的原因；并谈谈你的看法。【答案】 With the increasing popularity of Internet, more and more students rely on the Internet and smart mobile phones, flooding into the places with free WIFI, instead of visiting the public libraries.Well how does it happen? Firstly, with the help of information technolo
107、gy, we can surf our gadgets for different kinds of information, including texts, pictures, videos and things alike. Whats more, the mobile phone users may find it more convenient to read and study on their smart equipment, saving them the time traveling to and from the libraries.In my view, the know
108、ledge we obtain from the mobile gadgets is trivial and fragmented, but we need more systematic knowledge to gain a better understanding of the constantly changing world. All in all, we should never ignore the power of libraries.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于议论文，要求考生就越来越多的学生集中在有免费Wi-Fi的地方，而去图书馆的人却寥寥无几这一现象分析背后的原因以及
109、谈谈自己的看法。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：议论文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：目前越来越多的学生集中在有免费Wi-Fi的地方，而去图书馆的人却寥寥无几。请你分析产生这一现象的原因；并谈谈你的看法。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）the increasing popularity of; rely on; smart mobile phones; flood into; with the help of; different kinds of; convenient; equipment; trivial
110、; systematic knowledge; gain a better understanding of; all in all; ignore第三步：连词成句1. With the increasing popularity of Internet, more and more students rely on the Internet and smart mobile phones, flooding into the places with free WIFI, instead of visiting the public libraries.2. Firstly, with the
111、 help of information technology, we can surf our gadgets for different kinds of information, including texts, pictures, videos and things alike.3. Whats more, the mobile phone users may find it more convenient to read and study on their smart equipment, saving them the time traveling to and from the
112、 libraries.4. In my view, the knowledge we obtain from the mobile gadgets is trivial and fragmented, but we need more systematic knowledge to gain a better understanding of the constantly changing world.5. All in all, we should never ignore the power of libraries.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句
113、成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：Firstly2.表并列补充关系：What is more3.表转折对比关系：but连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 With the increasing popularity of Internet, more and more students rely on the Internet and smart mobile phones, flooding into the places with free WIFI, instead of visiting the public libraries. (运用了动名词作宾语)高分句型2 Whats more, the mobile phone users may find it more convenient to read and study on their smart equipment, saving them the time traveling to and from the libraries. (运用了现在分词作状语)
