1、（全国卷）2021届高三英语下学期冲刺模拟试题11第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AOne of the best ways to pay for college is to find work that helps foot part of the school fee. Here are 4 types of part-time jobs that provide students with extra income.Jobs with employer schol
2、arshipsSome companies offer help paying for college through scholarship programs. Taco Bell, for instance, offers its part- time employees the chance to win up to a $ 25,000 award through its Live Mas Scholarship. The award can be used toward vocational schools or a two-or-four-year college. Employe
3、es must have worked for the company at least three continuous months.Work-studyFor years the work-study program has allowed students to earn money through part-time work. Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Student Aid maybe qualified for the program. While these jobs arent
4、 always on campus, students in work study earn at least $7.25 per hour the state minimum wage.Paid internshipsA paid internship can not only help students pay for college but can also open doors for full-time work after graduation. According to a 2019 survey by the National Association of Colleges a
5、nd Employers, nearly two-thirds of paid interns received a job offer, while just about 44% of unpaid interns were offered a job.On-demand economy jobsKnown for its flexibility, the jobs can help students earn cash between classes. These on-demand jobs include completing small jobs, making deliveries
6、 or even driving for ride-booking services. Students can typically earn more through on-demand work, ranging from $10 to $20 an hour.21. What are the applicants for the work-study program required to do?A. Submit an application form.B. Work part time for years.C. Accept the minimum wage.D. Live and
7、work at one campus.22. What is the advantage of on-demand economy jobs?A. Providing scholarships.B. Having fixed workplace.C. Including an extra award.D. Offering more job options.23.Which program is of great help for students to find a full-time job?A. Jobs with employer scholarships.B. On- demand
8、economy jobs.C. Paid internships. D. Work- study.BThe 2020 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to former U.S. Poet Laureate(桂冠诗人) Louise Gluck.The prize committee cited “her unmistakable poetic voice that with plain beauty makes individual existence universal”. Gluck is the first American wom
9、an to win the award since Toni Morrison in 1993. Gluck, 77, joins a list of literary giants and previous Nobelists who include, in this century, Canadian short-story master Alice Munro, Chinese magical-realist Mo Yan, etc.Glucks work includes 12 collections of poetry and a couple of volumes of essay
10、s on literary writing. “All are characterized by striving for clarity(清晰). Childhood and family life, the close relationship with parents and siblings is a theme that has remained central to her,” Anders Olsson, the chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature, said. “She seeks the universal, and
11、in this she takes inspiration from myths and classical themes,” Olsson added, citing her 2006 collection Averno, which the committee described as “masterly” for its “visionary interpretation of the myth of Persephones fall into hell in the captivity of Hades, the god of death”.Being a professor at Y
12、ale and a resident of Cambridge, Gluck also served as U.S. Poet Laureate from 2003 to 2004 and is no stranger to awards. She won the Pulitzer Prize in 1993 for her collection of poems titled The Wild Iris, in which “she describes the miraculous return of life after winter in the poem Snowdrops,” the
13、 Nobel literature committee said Thursday. She also won the 2014 National Book Award for poetry Faithful and Virtuous Night. In 2016, President Obama awarded the National Humanities Medal to Gluck in a White House ceremony.The publicity-shy Gluck did not immediately issue any comment about the lates
14、t honor for her body of work, which spans more than half a century. In a 2012 interview, she acknowledged that prizes can make “existence in the world easier” but did not amount to the immortality(不朽) of a true artist.24. What can we know about Gluck from paragraph 1?A. She is as popular as the Chin
15、ese novelist Mo Yan.B. She won the Nobel Prize for her special literary style.C. She is the first American to win a Nobel Prize in literature.D. She is the only Poet Laureate in modern American history.25. What do Glucks poems mainly focus on?A. Daily life.B. Nature.C. Careers.D. Classical myths.26.
16、 What is the purpose of paragraph 3?A. To show Glucks contributions to literature.B. To prove Glucks great passion for writing.C. To present Glucks outstanding achievements.D. To stress Glucks influence on other poets.27. What does Gluck think about the honor she has received?A. She is content with
17、it.B. She takes it very seriously.C. She deserves a higher honor.D. She doesnt attach great importance to it.CThe argument that human-caused carbon emissions are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. A
18、nd while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesnt back it up.According to the US Geological Survey(USGS), the worlds volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide(CO2) annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion t
19、ons of CO2 emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes compose less than one percent of those generated by todays human activities.Another indication that human emissions surpass those of volcanoes is
20、the fact that atmospheric CO2 levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions an
21、d were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.”Furthermore, some scientists believe
22、 that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to short-term global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide(SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere(平流层) reflect some solar energy instead of letting it into Earths atmosphere. SO2
23、, which converts(转变) to sulfuric acid aerosol, when it hits the stratosphere, can linger there for as long as seven years and can exercise a cooling effect long after a volcanic eruption has taken place.Scientists tracking the effects of the major 1991 eruption of the Philippines Mt. Pinatubo found
24、that the overall effect of the blast was to cool the surface of the Earth globally by some 0.5 degrees Celsius a year later, even though rising human greenhouse gas emissions and an El Nino event caused some surface warming during the 1991-1993 study period.In an interesting twist on the issue, Brit
25、ish researchers last year published an article in the peer reviewed scientific journal Nature showing how volcanic activity may be contributing to the melting of ice caps in Antarctica but not because of any emissions, natural or man-made. Instead, scientists Hugh Corr and David Vaughan of the Briti
26、sh Antarctic Survey believe that volcanoes underneath Antarctica may be melting the continents ice sheets from below, just as warming air temperatures from human-induced emissions erode them from above.28. According to Paragraph 1, some people argue that _ .A. their opinion is supported by science.B
27、. volcanoes generate most of the greenhouse gases.C. human activities are to blame for greenhouse gases.D. carbon emissions produced by volcanoes are increasing.29.What does the underlined word “spikes” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Sudden increases.B. Smooth trends.C. Stable regularities. D. Shar
28、p declines.30. What do the scientists mentioned in this passage believe about volcanic eruptions?A. They brought about global warming.B. They actually partly cooled the surface of the Earth.C. They melted the ice sheets in Antarctic from above.D. They dominated human emissions in greenhouse effect.3
29、1. The purpose of the passage is to _.A. compare the results of the studies.B. contradict a view held by some people.C. present new findings for greenhouse phenomenon.D. report the effects of CO2, in greenhouse phenomenon.DThe cancer death rate in the U.S. fell by the most on record as advances in t
30、reatments for lung tumors (肿瘤) like video-assisted surgery helped prolong the lives of patients.The death rate from cancer has been gradually declining for 26 years, thanks in large part to fewer people smoking cigarettes. But from 2019 to 2020, the most recent period available, it dropped by 2.2%,
31、the most ever in a single year, according to a report released Wednesday by the American Cancer Society. That compares with an average 1.5% yearly decline over the decade. The drop translates to roughly 2.9 million fewer cancer deaths than what would have occurred had death rates remained at their p
32、eak. For lung cancer specifically, the death rate declined 4.3% annually from 2013 to 2017.“It is really lung cancer that is driving this,” said Rebecca Siegel, scientific director of surveillance research at the American Cancer Society, and lead author on the new study. “We found increases in survi
33、val for lung cancer at every stage in diagnosis.” She attributed the lower deaths to improvements in treatments, including video-assisted surgery that enables more patients with early lung tumors to become qualified for operations; more precise radiation treatment; and better scanning technology tha
34、t allows doctors to better assess the stage of tumor, so the patient gets the best treatment right away. At later stages of illness, new, targeted drugs that aim at specific disease-causing genes are helping patients whose tumors have those genetic flaws(缺陷). Overall, lung cancer death rates have dr
35、opped by 51% for men since their peak in 1990, and by 26% for women since their peak in 2002.Theres the potential for more progress in future reports. Thats because the latest death-rate statistics go only through 2020, and likely dont include the potential impact in lung cancer death from immune-th
36、erapy drugs. They became widely used in lung cancer only in the past few years.The report, based on U.S. government data, isnt all good news. Prostate(前列腺) cancer death rates have leveled off recently after a period of decline. That may be because many doctors pulled back on using the controversial
37、prostate-specific antigen test, or PSA, which can spot the disease but can lead to over-treatment of men who may never have died from their tumors.“Though it was definitely causing harm, it was also contributing to declines in death,” Siegel said. Whats needed now is better screening tests to detect
38、 only the prostate cancers that will go on to cause harm.Population death rates are considered one of the most reliable ways of measuring progress in cancer treatment and prevention. By contrast, cancer survival rates can sometimes be influenced by improvements in diagnosing tiny, early stage tumors
39、 that wouldnt necessarily be deadly.32. According to paragraph 2, _.A. cancer death rate reached its peak in 2017B. death rate decreases over the past 2 decadesC. 2.9 million people die of cancer in America every yearD. most of the cancer patients in America suffer from lung cancer33. We can learn f
40、rom the passage that _.A. female death rate of lung cancer drops more than that of maleB. targeted drugs have led to rapid increase in cancer death ratesC.better scanning technology will lead to improvement in treating genetic flawsD. improper use of prostate-specific antigen test can lead to over-t
41、reatment of men34. The underlined expression “level off” in paragraph 5 means _.A. remain unchangedB. show upC. take offD. become sharp35. What might be the best title of the passage?A. Medical Progress Prolonging Patients LivesB. Cancer Death Rates Dropping at the Fastest PaceC. Significant Improve
42、ment in Treating Lung CancerD. Advanced Technologies Applied in Cancer Treatment第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Competition is all around us and it makes the strong stronger and the weak weaker. It can also teach us how to survive in a fast-paced and stressful world
43、. 36 How many of us have seen young boys weeping because their teams didnt win an inter-school tournament? How many of us have seen young teenagers cheat just to win? 37 So its important to develop healthy competition among children.When it comes to encouraging healthy competition among children, th
44、e first thing to do is set goals for them to stick to. 38 Since children may be easily affected by wrong ideas from popular media and the Internet, its up to you to develop the right kind of spirit in them. Team spirit will help them grow into human beings who arent easily annoyed by small losses or
45、 too excited by victories. 39 So give them examples where family members refused to cheat to win. 40 When they took an exam, dont ask about how much they expect to score; instead, ask what they wrote about. If your son played a cricket match at school, dont ask him whether his team won or lost; ask
46、him how many runs he scored and encourage him to score higher next time instead. When you let your children know that youre more interested in how they performed rather than whether they lost or won, they will surely try to better themselves.A. However, children can be hit by competition.B. These ar
47、e the effects of unhealthy competition.C. Sending your children the right signals is also important.D. We should also encourage healthy competition among children.E. However, you mustnt push them too hard and burden them with a goal too high.F. Care more about childrens performance rather than the r
48、esults in a sports match.G. In addition, they may also not want to adopt just any method to win, like cheating or lying.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Most of us dream, whether we remember them or not. What are dreams for? A handful of 41
49、 dominate.Sigmund Freud famously maintained that they reveal hidden truths and wishes. More recent research suggests that they may help us process intense emotions, or perhaps sort through and strengthen memories, or 42 random neuron(神经元) activity, or prepare responses to threatening situations. Oth
50、ers argue that dreams have no evolutionary function, but simply 43 personal concerns.Despite being largely unsupported by 44 , Freuds view maintains a strong following around the world.Researchers found that students in the U.S., South Korea, and India were much more likely to say that dreams reveal
51、 hidden truths than to accept better 45 theories. In the same study, respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more 46 than an official warning about a terrorist attack. Even if dreams cant foretell the future, they seem to 47 our shared fascinations. The majority of dreams
52、 occur during REM sleep(深度睡眠) cycles, of which the average person has four or five a night.A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics include school, falling, being chased, and arriving too late for something. For all the commonalities dreams 48 , they vary across tim
53、e and culture people who grew up watching black-and-white TV are more likely to dream in black and white. A 1958 study 49 that compared with Japanese people, Americans dreamed more about being locked up, losing a loved one, finding money, being 50 dressed or encountering a mad person. Japanese peopl
54、e were more likely to dream 6 about school, trying repeatedly to do something, being paralyzed with fear, or “wild, violent beasts”. If human dreams sound 51 , bear in mind that even negative ones can have positive effects.In a study of students taking a French medical school entrance exam, 60 perce
55、nt of the dreams they had beforehand 52 a problem with the exam, such as being late or leaving an answer blank. But those who reported 53 about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who didnt. So the next time you dream about an education related experience in which you are unable to
56、answer the questions or solve a problem, dont 54 : Its probably totally meaningless. Then again, your brain might be practicing so youll be 55 if such an event ever comes to pass.41. A. symptomsB. reviews C. conflictsD. theories42. A. take place ofB. make peace withC. make sense ofD. come up with43.
57、 A. exemplifyB. dramatize C. horrifyD. recognize44. A. evidence B. information C. qualification D. inquiry45. A. assumed B. connected C. confirmed D. realized46. A. curiosityB. anxiety C. fancyD. reluctance47. A. expectB. endure C. expose D. employ48. A. exhibit B. explainC. supply D. identify49. A.
58、 diagnosed B. dismissed C. denied D. determined50. A. unnecessarily B. independently C. inappropriately D. impersonally51. A. puzzlingB. exciting C. depressing D. amusing52. A. revealed B. guaranteed C. traced D. involved53. A. grades B. concerns C. dreams D. memories54. A. hesitate B. worry C. paus
59、eD. laugh55. A. ready B. eager C. nervous D. curious第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Do you feel safe walking alone at night in the area where you live? Residents in 144 countries answered this question and 56 (many) in the 2020 Global Law and Order report. On Oct 27, the US-b
60、ased organization Gallup released the report.The poll was involved nearly 175000 people 57 (interview) face-to-face or by telephone.Respondents 58 (ask) about their confidence in their local police, their feeling of personal safety, and the incidence(发生率) of 59 (thief) and assault or mugging in the
61、past year. The organization collects the “positive” responses to the questions into a Law and Order Index score for each country and region. China received 60 score of 94 and ranked third on the list, following Singapore and Turkmenistan, 61 both received 97. The report also showed that 90 percent o
62、f the respondents from China said they felt secure when walking alone at night.Chinese observers said public order and a safe environment in China is very normal, and many people feel walking alone at night is no big deal. In recent decades more and more Chinese people have travelled abroad, 62 (not
63、ice) that public security in China is better than 63 in many other countries.In fact, China 64 (take) great efforts to ensure peoples sense of happiness and security.According to China Daily, it launched a three-year campaign 65 organized crime in 2018. By August 2020, more than 10000 criminal gangs
64、 had been busted nationwide. Serious violent crimes have been on the decline for 10 years.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华。上周五下午4点，你校学生会（Student Union）举办了一次环保活动。请你给校园英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：1.活动内容：35名学生到南湖公园拾垃圾；2.活动目的：提高公众的环保意识；3.效果和感想（自拟）。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第二节 读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段
65、落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Jatin and his younger sister, Neha, lived with their parents in a poor neighborhood. Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for several months,
66、the landlord was breathing down their necks(盯着他们).One day, Jatin took Nehas shoes to a shoe repairman to be fixed, but he lost them on the way home. It wasnt until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sis
67、ter to keep it secret. Neha agreed and the two decided to share Jatins running shoes. Nehas school hours were in the morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would rush back and give them to Jatin. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast
68、 as he could, Jatin often arrived late and was warned by the school.A long distance race was going to be held for the boys in the city. When Jatin learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the ne
69、w shoes.The day of race arrived. Jatin had a strong start, but halfway through the race he began to get tired and his legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only of Neha and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he st
70、ayed right behind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, another runner collided(碰撞) with Jatin from behind and Jatin crashed to the ground.Paragraph 1:Jatin looked up and he saw the other boys rushing ahead. Paragraph 2:Filled with pleasure, Jat
71、in walked home in no time. 2021届全国高三下学期冲刺英语试卷11 答案版第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AOne of the best ways to pay for college is to find work that helps foot part of the school fee. Here are 4 types of part-time jobs that provide students with extra incom
72、e.Jobs with employer scholarshipsSome companies offer help paying for college through scholarship programs. Taco Bell, for instance, offers its part- time employees the chance to win up to a $ 25,000 award through its Live Mas Scholarship. The award can be used toward vocational schools or a two-or-
73、four-year college. Employees must have worked for the company at least three continuous months.Work-studyFor years the work-study program has allowed students to earn money through part-time work. Students aged between 16 and 24 who file Free Application for Student Aid maybe qualified for the progr
74、am. While these jobs arent always on campus, students in work study earn at least $7.25 per hour the state minimum wage.Paid internshipsA paid internship can not only help students pay for college but can also open doors for full-time work after graduation. According to a 2019 survey by the National
75、 Association of Colleges and Employers, nearly two-thirds of paid interns received a job offer, while just about 44% of unpaid interns were offered a job.On-demand economy jobsKnown for its flexibility, the jobs can help students earn cash between classes. These on-demand jobs include completing sma
76、ll jobs, making deliveries or even driving for ride-booking services. Students can typically earn more through on-demand work, ranging from $10 to $20 an hour.22. What are the applicants for the work-study program required to do?A. Submit an application form.B. Work part time for years.C. Accept the
77、 minimum wage.D. Live and work at one campus.22. What is the advantage of on-demand economy jobs?A. Providing scholarships.B. Having fixed workplace.C. Including an extra award.D. Offering more job options.23.Which program is of great help for students to find a full-time job?A. Jobs with employer s
78、cholarships.B. On- demand economy jobs.C. Paid internships. D. Work- study.【答案】21-23 ADCBThe 2020 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to former U.S. Poet Laureate(桂冠诗人) Louise Gluck.The prize committee cited “her unmistakable poetic voice that with plain beauty makes individual existence univ
79、ersal”. Gluck is the first American woman to win the award since Toni Morrison in 1993. Gluck, 77, joins a list of literary giants and previous Nobelists who include, in this century, Canadian short-story master Alice Munro, Chinese magical-realist Mo Yan, etc.Glucks work includes 12 collections of
80、poetry and a couple of volumes of essays on literary writing. “All are characterized by striving for clarity(清晰). Childhood and family life, the close relationship with parents and siblings is a theme that has remained central to her,” Anders Olsson, the chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literatur
81、e, said. “She seeks the universal, and in this she takes inspiration from myths and classical themes,” Olsson added, citing her 2006 collection Averno, which the committee described as “masterly” for its “visionary interpretation of the myth of Persephones fall into hell in the captivity of Hades, t
82、he god of death”.Being a professor at Yale and a resident of Cambridge, Gluck also served as U.S. Poet Laureate from 2003 to 2004 and is no stranger to awards. She won the Pulitzer Prize in 1993 for her collection of poems titled The Wild Iris, in which “she describes the miraculous return of life a
83、fter winter in the poem Snowdrops,” the Nobel literature committee said Thursday. She also won the 2014 National Book Award for poetry Faithful and Virtuous Night. In 2016, President Obama awarded the National Humanities Medal to Gluck in a White House ceremony.The publicity-shy Gluck did not immedi
84、ately issue any comment about the latest honor for her body of work, which spans more than half a century. In a 2012 interview, she acknowledged that prizes can make “existence in the world easier” but did not amount to the immortality(不朽) of a true artist.26. What can we know about Gluck from parag
85、raph 1?E. She is as popular as the Chinese novelist Mo Yan.F. She won the Nobel Prize for her special literary style.G. She is the first American to win a Nobel Prize in literature.H. She is the only Poet Laureate in modern American history.27. What do Glucks poems mainly focus on?A. Daily life.B. N
86、ature.C. Careers.D. Classical myths.26. What is the purpose of paragraph 3?A. To show Glucks contributions to literature.B. To prove Glucks great passion for writing.C. To present Glucks outstanding achievements.D. To stress Glucks influence on other poets.27. What does Gluck think about the honor s
87、he has received?A. She is content with it.B. She takes it very seriously.C. She deserves a higher honor.D. She doesnt attach great importance to it.【答案】24-27 BACDCThe argument that human-caused carbon emissions are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has b
88、een making its way around the rumor mill for years. And while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesnt back it up.According to the US Geological Survey(USGS), the worlds volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide(CO2) annually, while our automot
89、ive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion tons of CO2 emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes compose less than one percent of those generated by todays human activities.Another indicatio
90、n that human emissions surpass those of volcanoes is the fact that atmospheric CO2 levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that indiv
91、idual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth an
92、d regular trend.”Furthermore, some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to short-term global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide(SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere(平流层) reflect some solar ene
93、rgy instead of letting it into Earths atmosphere. SO2, which converts(转变) to sulfuric acid aerosol, when it hits the stratosphere, can linger there for as long as seven years and can exercise a cooling effect long after a volcanic eruption has taken place.Scientists tracking the effects of the major
94、 1991 eruption of the Philippines Mt. Pinatubo found that the overall effect of the blast was to cool the surface of the Earth globally by some 0.5 degrees Celsius a year later, even though rising human greenhouse gas emissions and an El Nino event caused some surface warming during the 1991-1993 st
95、udy period.In an interesting twist on the issue, British researchers last year published an article in the peer reviewed scientific journal Nature showing how volcanic activity may be contributing to the melting of ice caps in Antarctica but not because of any emissions, natural or man-made. Instead
96、, scientists Hugh Corr and David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey believe that volcanoes underneath Antarctica may be melting the continents ice sheets from below, just as warming air temperatures from human-induced emissions erode them from above.29. According to Paragraph 1, some people arg
97、ue that _ .A. their opinion is supported by science.B. volcanoes generate most of the greenhouse gases.C. human activities are to blame for greenhouse gases.D. carbon emissions produced by volcanoes are increasing.29.What does the underlined word “spikes” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Sudden incre
98、ases.B. Smooth trends.C. Stable regularities. D. Sharp declines.30. What do the scientists mentioned in this passage believe about volcanic eruptions?A. They brought about global warming.B. They actually partly cooled the surface of the Earth.C. They melted the ice sheets in Antarctic from above.D.
99、They dominated human emissions in greenhouse effect.31. The purpose of the passage is to _.A. compare the results of the studies.B. contradict a view held by some people.C. present new findings for greenhouse phenomenon.D. report the effects of CO2, in greenhouse phenomenon.【答案】28-31 BABB DThe cance
100、r death rate in the U.S. fell by the most on record as advances in treatments for lung tumors (肿瘤) like video-assisted surgery helped prolong the lives of patients.The death rate from cancer has been gradually declining for 26 years, thanks in large part to fewer people smoking cigarettes. But from
101、2019 to 2020, the most recent period available, it dropped by 2.2%, the most ever in a single year, according to a report released Wednesday by the American Cancer Society. That compares with an average 1.5% yearly decline over the decade. The drop translates to roughly 2.9 million fewer cancer deat
102、hs than what would have occurred had death rates remained at their peak. For lung cancer specifically, the death rate declined 4.3% annually from 2013 to 2017.“It is really lung cancer that is driving this,” said Rebecca Siegel, scientific director of surveillance research at the American Cancer Soc
103、iety, and lead author on the new study. “We found increases in survival for lung cancer at every stage in diagnosis.” She attributed the lower deaths to improvements in treatments, including video-assisted surgery that enables more patients with early lung tumors to become qualified for operations;
104、more precise radiation treatment; and better scanning technology that allows doctors to better assess the stage of tumor, so the patient gets the best treatment right away. At later stages of illness, new, targeted drugs that aim at specific disease-causing genes are helping patients whose tumors ha
105、ve those genetic flaws(缺陷). Overall, lung cancer death rates have dropped by 51% for men since their peak in 1990, and by 26% for women since their peak in 2002.Theres the potential for more progress in future reports. Thats because the latest death-rate statistics go only through 2020, and likely d
106、ont include the potential impact in lung cancer death from immune-therapy drugs. They became widely used in lung cancer only in the past few years.The report, based on U.S. government data, isnt all good news. Prostate(前列腺) cancer death rates have leveled off recently after a period of decline. That
107、 may be because many doctors pulled back on using the controversial prostate-specific antigen test, or PSA, which can spot the disease but can lead to over-treatment of men who may never have died from their tumors.“Though it was definitely causing harm, it was also contributing to declines in death
108、,” Siegel said. Whats needed now is better screening tests to detect only the prostate cancers that will go on to cause harm.Population death rates are considered one of the most reliable ways of measuring progress in cancer treatment and prevention. By contrast, cancer survival rates can sometimes
109、be influenced by improvements in diagnosing tiny, early stage tumors that wouldnt necessarily be deadly.34. According to paragraph 2, _.E. cancer death rate reached its peak in 2017F. death rate decreases over the past 2 decadesG. 2.9 million people die of cancer in America every yearH. most of the
110、cancer patients in America suffer from lung cancer35. We can learn from the passage that _.C. female death rate of lung cancer drops more than that of maleD. targeted drugs have led to rapid increase in cancer death ratesC.better scanning technology will lead to improvement in treating genetic flaws
111、D. improper use of prostate-specific antigen test can lead to over-treatment of men34. The underlined expression “level off” in paragraph 5 means _.A. remain unchangedB. show upC. take offD. become sharp35. What might be the best title of the passage?A. Medical Progress Prolonging Patients LivesB. C
112、ancer Death Rates Dropping at the Fastest PaceC. Significant Improvement in Treating Lung CancerD. Advanced Technologies Applied in Cancer Treatment【答案】32-35 BDAB第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Competition is all around us and it makes the strong stronger and the we
113、ak weaker. It can also teach us how to survive in a fast-paced and stressful world. 36 How many of us have seen young boys weeping because their teams didnt win an inter-school tournament? How many of us have seen young teenagers cheat just to win? 37 So its important to develop healthy competition
114、among children.When it comes to encouraging healthy competition among children, the first thing to do is set goals for them to stick to. 38 Since children may be easily affected by wrong ideas from popular media and the Internet, its up to you to develop the right kind of spirit in them. Team spirit
115、 will help them grow into human beings who arent easily annoyed by small losses or too excited by victories. 39 So give them examples where family members refused to cheat to win. 40 When they took an exam, dont ask about how much they expect to score; instead, ask what they wrote about. If your son
116、 played a cricket match at school, dont ask him whether his team won or lost; ask him how many runs he scored and encourage him to score higher next time instead. When you let your children know that youre more interested in how they performed rather than whether they lost or won, they will surely t
117、ry to better themselves.A. However, children can be hit by competition.B. These are the effects of unhealthy competition.C. Sending your children the right signals is also important.D. We should also encourage healthy competition among children.E. However, you mustnt push them too hard and burden th
118、em with a goal too high.F. Care more about childrens performance rather than the results in a sports match.G. In addition, they may also not want to adopt just any method to win, like cheating or lying.【答案】36-40 ABEGC第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填
119、入空白处的最佳选项。Most of us dream, whether we remember them or not. What are dreams for? A handful of 41 dominate.Sigmund Freud famously maintained that they reveal hidden truths and wishes. More recent research suggests that they may help us process intense emotions, or perhaps sort through and strengthen
120、 memories, or 42 random neuron(神经元) activity, or prepare responses to threatening situations. Others argue that dreams have no evolutionary function, but simply 43 personal concerns.Despite being largely unsupported by 44 , Freuds view maintains a strong following around the world.Researchers found
121、that students in the U.S., South Korea, and India were much more likely to say that dreams reveal hidden truths than to accept better 45 theories. In the same study, respondents said that dreaming about a plane crash would cause them more 46 than an official warning about a terrorist attack. Even if
122、 dreams cant foretell the future, they seem to 47 our shared fascinations. The majority of dreams occur during REM sleep(深度睡眠) cycles, of which the average person has four or five a night.A study of Canadian university students found the most common dream topics include school, falling, being chased
123、, and arriving too late for something. For all the commonalities dreams 48 , they vary across time and culture people who grew up watching black-and-white TV are more likely to dream in black and white. A 1958 study 49 that compared with Japanese people, Americans dreamed more about being locked up,
124、 losing a loved one, finding money, being 50 dressed or encountering a mad person. Japanese people were more likely to dream 6 about school, trying repeatedly to do something, being paralyzed with fear, or “wild, violent beasts”. If human dreams sound 51 , bear in mind that even negative ones can ha
125、ve positive effects.In a study of students taking a French medical school entrance exam, 60 percent of the dreams they had beforehand 52 a problem with the exam, such as being late or leaving an answer blank. But those who reported 53 about the exam, even bad ones, did better on it than those who di
126、dnt. So the next time you dream about an education related experience in which you are unable to answer the questions or solve a problem, dont 54 : Its probably totally meaningless. Then again, your brain might be practicing so youll be 55 if such an event ever comes to pass.41. A. symptomsB. review
127、s C. conflictsD. theories42. A. take place ofB. make peace withC. make sense ofD. come up with43. A. exemplifyB. dramatize C. horrifyD. recognize44. A. evidence B. information C. qualification D. inquiry45. A. assumed B. connected C. confirmed D. realized46. A. curiosityB. anxiety C. fancyD. relucta
128、nce47. A. expectB. endure C. expose D. employ48. A. exhibit B. explainC. supply D. identify49. A. diagnosed B. dismissed C. denied D. determined50. A. unnecessarily B. independently C. inappropriately D. impersonally51. A. puzzlingB. exciting C. depressing D. amusing52. A. revealed B. guaranteed C.
129、traced D. involved53. A. grades B. concerns C. dreams D. memories54. A. hesitate B. worry C. pauseD. laugh55. A. ready B. eager C. nervous D. curious【答案】41-45 DCBAC46-50 BCADC51-55 CDCBA第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Do you feel safe walking alone at night in the area where
130、you live? Residents in 144 countries answered this question and 56 (many) in the 2020 Global Law and Order report. On Oct 27, the US-based organization Gallup released the report.The poll was involved nearly 175000 people 57 (interview) face-to-face or by telephone.Respondents 58 (ask) about their c
131、onfidence in their local police, their feeling of personal safety, and the incidence(发生率) of 59 (thief) and assault or mugging in the past year. The organization collects the “positive” responses to the questions into a Law and Order Index score for each country and region. China received 60 score o
132、f 94 and ranked third on the list, following Singapore and Turkmenistan, 61 both received 97. The report also showed that 90 percent of the respondents from China said they felt secure when walking alone at night.Chinese observers said public order and a safe environment in China is very normal, and
133、 many people feel walking alone at night is no big deal. In recent decades more and more Chinese people have travelled abroad, 62 (notice) that public security in China is better than 63 in many other countries.In fact, China 64 (take) great efforts to ensure peoples sense of happiness and security.
134、According to China Daily, it launched a three-year campaign 65 organized crime in 2018. By August 2020, more than 10000 criminal gangs had been busted nationwide. Serious violent crimes have been on the decline for 10 years.【答案】56. more57. interviewed58. were asked59. theft60.a 61. which 62.noticing
135、 63.that 64. has taken 65. against 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）假定你是李华。上周五下午4点，你校学生会（Student Union）举办了一次环保活动。请你给校园英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：1.活动内容：35名学生到南湖公园拾垃圾；2.活动目的：提高公众的环保意识；3.效果和感想（自拟）。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【范文】A clean-up project, organized by Student Union, was carried out last Friday in Nan
136、hu Park.With the purpose of raising the environmental awareness of the public, 35 students went to the park to pick up the litter at 4 pm. During the process, many people came to help, showing appreciation and support. But since it was started late in the afternoon, it was not long enough to attract
137、 enough people.Starting earlier is a practical adjustment to be made. And by setting a good example for the public, we can make a difference to our world.第二节 读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Jatin and his younger sister, Neha, lived with their parents in a poor neighborho
138、od. Their mother was very sick and their father was struggling to find a job, and they had only a little money with which to buy food. As they had not paid the rent for several months, the landlord was breathing down their necks(盯着他们).One day, Jatin took Nehas shoes to a shoe repairman to be fixed,
139、but he lost them on the way home. It wasnt until he got home that he realized he had lost the shoes. He was afraid that his parents would be angry and disappointed, so he begged his sister to keep it secret. Neha agreed and the two decided to share Jatins running shoes. Nehas school hours were in th
140、e morning, so she would wear them first. After school, she would rush back and give them to Jatin. He could then run to his school, which began in the afternoon. Although he ran as fast as he could, Jatin often arrived late and was warned by the school.A long distance race was going to be held for t
141、he boys in the city. When Jatin learned that the third prize was a new pair of shoes, he decided to take part. He ran home excitedly and promised his sister that he would win her the new shoes.The day of race arrived. Jatin had a strong start, but halfway through the race he began to get tired and h
142、is legs began to ache. Getting more and more exhausted he thought only of Neha and his promise to her. Dreaming of the new shoes he would win for his sister gave him strength, and he stayed right behind the two fastest runners, determined to finish third. Suddenly, as the finish line drew near, anot
143、her runner collided(碰撞) with Jatin from behind and Jatin crashed to the ground.Paragraph 1:Jatin looked up and he saw the other boys rushing ahead. Paragraph 2:Filled with pleasure, Jatin walked home in no time. 【范文】Paragraph 1:Jatin looked up and he saw the other boys rushing ahead. Refusing to giv
144、e up at this crucial point, Jatin clenched his teeth, jumped to his feet and ran as fast as he could. Finally, he was the fourth one to dash across the finish line. Jatin couldnt help sobbing at the thought of letting his sister down. But much to his surprise, the runner who collided with him was di
145、squalified for breaking the rule and Jatin won the third prize. Jatin felt overjoyed and relieved during the award ceremony, holding the shoes close to his chest. Paragraph 2:Filled with pleasure, Jatin walked home in no time. He could not wait to see his sister and share the good news. On his arriv
146、al, Jatin found Neha was walking about outside nervously and anxiously. “Neha, see what I have got for you.” Jatin said excitedly, taking the prize out of his bag with his trembling hands. The instant Neha saw the shoes, her face lit up. So thrilled was she that she threw herself at Jatin. “Thank you! Jatin.” Tears of joy welled up in their eyes as the brother and the sister hugged tightly together.（2021届湖南省衡阳市第八中学高三上学期第五次月考英语试题用稿）
