1、单元素养检测(二)(Unit 2)(时间: 120分钟满分: 150分)第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: Ann looks rather upset these days. Do you know what happened to her? M: Yeah, she failed maths, and she must be worried abo
2、ut the results of her other exams, too. 1. Why is Ann so upset? A. She failed one of her exams. B. She is worrying about other lessons. C. She has no time to do her maths homework. 答案: AText 2M: Youve been doing well with your diet, Diane. Im proud of you. You never eat junk food anymore. W: I decid
3、ed to follow your advice. I used to order delivery like most people in the office, but you inspired me to eat healthier meals. 2. What type of food does the woman eat? A. Junk food. B. Healthy food. C. Delivered food. 答案: BText 3W: I guess I should invite Jack to my birthday party next Friday. After
4、 all, he is my only friend in the school. M: It is up to you. You should tell him on Tuesday or Wednesday. 3. When is the womans birthday? A. Next Tuesday. B. Next Wednesday. C. Next Friday. 答案: CText 4W: Airport, please. Im running a little late. So just take the fastest way, even if its not the mo
5、st direct. M: Sure, but there is a lot of traffic everywhere today because of the football game. 4. What is the woman worried about? A. Being late for the football game. B. Having a traffic accident. C. Missing her flight. 答案: CText 5M: Im still wondering whether we should get another credit card. W
6、: Isnt that just another bill to pay? M: It could be. But we dont have to use it a lot. I just want to build up our credit scores. Theyre not as high as they should be, and the only way to get a home loan is to have really good credit. 5. Why does the man want another credit card? A. To pay for a ca
7、r. B. To get a higher credit score. C. To buy more things he needs. 答案: B第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6W: Can I get you something? M: Yes, a hamburger, please. W: Any
8、thing to drink? Tea, Coke, coffee, or orange juice? M: Oh, yes, a Coke, please. Im thirsty. W: Here you are. Thats $1. 50 in total. M: I think thats $1. 15. Look at the price there. W: Oh, youre right. Sorry. We have adjusted the price for drinks. 6. What does the man order? A. A hamburger and a cof
9、fee. B. A Coke and a cake. C. A hamburger and a Coke. 答案: C7. Where does the man disagree with the woman? A. About the total price. B. About the taste. C. About the price for the Coke. 答案: A听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。Text 7W: May I help you? M: Yes. Id like to book three seats to Calgary Canada on a flight lea
10、ving sometime before next Sunday. W: Economy class? M: Yes. W: One-way or round trip? M: One-way. W: There arent any direct flights, sir. You will have to change in Vancouver. M: Thats all right. W: There is a Canadian Airlines Flight 30 leaving Beijing next Friday at 10: 00 am. It has three seats a
11、vailable. Will that be all right? M: Thats fine. W: Your name, please? M: B-a-s-i-l, Basil. How much is the ticket? W: $580 for one. 8. When is the mans flight leaving? A. Next Sunday. B. Next Saturday. C. Next Friday. 答案: C9. How much will the man have to pay for all tickets? A. $1, 740. B. $1, 160
12、. C. $580. 答案: A听第8段材料, 回答第1012题。Text 8M: Now, for the assignment. . . your assignment is to create a pencil drawing of an Indian village. You can use the information I just provided and you can find more information in Chapter 22 of the text. W：But, Dr. Thomas, what if I cant draw? Im not very good
13、 at drawing. M: Well just try your best. I want you to make a good effort. W: Are you expecting just a simple drawing or does the drawing need to be complicated? M: Id like you to do the best you can do. W: Well, for me, my best might not be what youre expecting. 10. What does the man want the girl
14、to do? A. Find a village. B. Draw a picture. C. Provide information. 答案: B11. Which of the following can describe the girl? A. She is unfriendly. B. She lacks imagination. C. She lacks confidence. 答案: C12. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Father
15、and daughter. C. Boss and secretary. 答案: A听第9段材料, 回答第1316题。Text 9M: I saw you on the news! Youre a hero! Come on, tell me all the details. W: Well, I was watching the pool from my chair, like I always do. There was a group of kids taking diving lessons in the deep end. M: Go on. . . W: I guess one o
16、f the students hit their head on the diving board, because I saw that someone was sinking to the bottom of the pool. M: So, what did you do next? W: I jumped in the pool after their instructor jumped in and brought the kid back to the surface. It was a young girl, and she had swallowed a lot of wate
17、r. M: Wow. Did you give her mouth-to-mouth? W: Of course. Then I told one of the kids to call for an ambulance. M: Quick thinking! W: The girl coughed the water up almost immediately, and just like that, it was over. We cleaned the wound and bandaged it up，and the emergency services arrived twenty m
18、inutes later. M: How was she? W: She had no memory of the past ten minutes. She wanted to go back in the pool. She didnt even know why her parents were crying. M: She must have been in shock. 13. What does the woman probably do? A. Shes a diver. B. Shes a lifeguard. C. Shes a swimming instructor. 答案
19、: B14. Who called the ambulance? A. The woman. B. One of the students. C. The instructor. 答案: B15. When did the ambulance arrive? A. Ten minutes later. B. Twelve minutes later. C. Twenty minutes later. 答案: C16. How did the girl react when she awoke? A. She didnt know what happened. B. She went back
20、into the pool. C. She cried. 答案: A听第10段材料, 回答第1720题。Text 10When I was in college, I spent a term studying in London. Even though we speak the same language, English people and Americans are very different. They think that we Americans are loud and that we speak our minds too much. So I tried to list
21、en a bit more and not be so self-centered. I love the lifestyle there. Out for afternoon-tea was fun, and I always did that with my friends. And I really loved the old buildings. We dont have anything that old in the United States, so it was pretty amazing! By the way, I also went to Australia once.
22、 The buildings there werent so attractive either. The British also have a different sense of humour. Their comedy shows on TV are really funny. Id like to say my experience was a positive one. In fact, Im saving up money so I can go back there again. 17. Where does the speaker come from? A. America.
23、 B. England. C. Australia. 答案: A18. What do people think of Americans? A. Cool. B. Self-centered. C. Humorous. 答案: B19. What did the speaker like to do in the afternoon in England? A. Have a cup of tea. B. Watch comedy shows. C. Play with her friends. 答案: A20. What did the speaker find amazing in En
24、gland? A. The people. B. The tea shop. C. The old buildings. 答案: C第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A (2021伊春高二检测)Can you imagine a cloud floating in the middle of your room? Do you want to know what it feels like to fly like a bird? Find your answers i
25、n Time Magazines 25 “Best Inventions”. Here, we have picked out the most interesting 4 to share with you. Talking GlovesEver felt confused by the sign language used by disabled people? Here is the “helping hand” you need. Four Ukrainian students have created a pair of gloves that helps people with h
26、earing and speech problems communicate with others. The gloves are equipped with sensors that recognize sign language and translate it into text on a smartphone. Then the smartphone changes the text to spoken words. Google GlassesGoogle Glasses are like a computer built into the frame of a pair of g
27、lasses. With its 1. 3-centimeter display, the glasses allow you to surf the Internet and make calls without even lifting a finger. The glasses also have a camera and GPS mapping system. Users can take and share photos, check maps and surf the Internet just by looking up, down, left and right. Indoor
28、 CloudsIts not virtual. Thats a real world. Dutch artist Smilde managed to create a small but perfect white cloud in the middle of a room using a fog machine. But it required careful planningthe temperature, humidity(湿度)and lighting all had to be just right. Once everything was ready, the cloud form
29、ed in the air with the machine. But it only lasted for a short while. Wing suitsThe suit fulfills your dreams of flying like a bird. Well, not exactly flying, but gliding(滑翔)through the air. It increases the surface area of the human body, which makes it easier for people to float in the air. Fliers
30、 wearing wing suits can glide one kilometer in about 30 seconds. 【语篇概述】本文讲述了一些有趣的发明: 会说话的手套、谷歌眼镜、室内云彩和翼服。21. Who will probably be the users of “Talking Gloves”? A. Disabled people. B. Normal people. C. Trained people. D. Working people. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中“The gloves are equipped with sensors that r
31、ecognize sign language and translate it into text on a smartphone. ”可知, 这个手套上装有传感器, 能把手语转换为智能手机短信。由此推测, 它是为正常人设计的。22. How can users of Google Glasses surf the Internet? A. By moving the mouse. B. By tapping the keyboard. C. By pressing the button. D. By moving the eyeballs. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中“Users
32、 can take and share photos, check maps and surf the Internet just by looking up, down, left and right”可知, 用户通过上下左右看就可以拍摄和分享照片、查看地图和上网。23. What is the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To introduce some interesting inventions. B. To encourage people to buy these products. C. To draw peoples
33、attention to technology. D. To bring some pleasure to young readers. 【解析】选A。推断判断题。根据第一段中“Here, we have picked out the most interesting 4 to share with you”可知, 本文的目的是与读者分享几项发明, 所以选A项。B(2021无锡高二检测)Attitudes toward new technologies often fall along generational lines. That is, generally, younger people
34、 tend to outnumber older people on the front end of a technological shift. It is not always the case, though. When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars, there doesnt seem to be a clear generational divide. The public overall is split on whether theyd like to use a driverless car. In a study
35、last year, of all people surveyed, 48 percent said they wanted to ride in one, while 50 percent did not. The fact that attitudes toward self-driving cars appear to be so steady across generations suggests how varying the shift to driverless cars could be. Not everyone wants a driverless car nowand n
36、o one can get one yetbut among those who are open to them, every age group is similarly involved. Actually, this isnt surprising. Whereas older generations are sometimes reluctant to adopt new technologies, driverless cars promise real value to these age groups in particular. Older adults, especiall
37、y those with limited moving or difficulty driving on their own, are one of the classic use-cases for driverless cars. This is especially interesting when you consider that younger people are generally more interested in travel-related technologies than older ones. When it comes to driverless cars, d
38、ifferences in attitude are easily noticeable based on factors not related to age. College graduates, for example, are particularly interested in driverless cars compared with those who have less education. 59 percent of college graduates said they would like to use a driverless car compared with 38
39、percent of those with a high-school diploma or less. Where a person lives matters, too. More people who live in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in rural areas. While theres reason to believe that interest in self-driving cars is going up across the boa
40、rd, a persons age will have little to do with how self-driving cars can become mainstream. Once driverless cars are actually available for sale, the early adopters will be the people who can afford to buy them. 【语篇概述】本文介绍了一项新科技无人驾驶汽车, 这项科技受到各个年龄段的人的欢迎。24. What will happen when a new technology appea
41、rs? A. It often leads to great inventions in other related fields. B. It contributes greatly to the advance of society as a whole. C. It further widens the gap between the old and the young. D. It usually draws different reactions from different age groups. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段“Attitudes toward new te
42、chnologies often fall along generational lines. That is, generally, younger people tend to outnumber older people on the front end of a technological shift”可知, 新科技出现时, 它通常会引起不同年龄群体的不同反应。故选D。25. What does the author say about the driverless car? A. It does not seem to create a generational divide. B.
43、 It will not necessarily reduce road accidents. C. It has given rise to unrealistic expectations. D. It may start a revolution in the car industry. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段“When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars, there doesnt seem to be a clear generational divide”可知, 作者对无人驾驶汽车的看法是, 它并没有产生不同年龄段
44、的代沟。故选A。26. Why does the driverless car appeal to some old people? A. It helps with their moving. B. It saves their money and energy. C. It adds to the safety of their travel. D. It makes their life more interesting. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知, 无人驾驶汽车可以帮助老年人出行, 所以也受到老年人的欢迎。故选A。27. What is likely to affe
45、ct ones attitude toward the driverless car? A. The field of their special interest. B. The location of their living place. C. The amount of training they received. D. The length of their driving experience. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Where a person lives matters, too. More people who live in cities and su
46、burbs said they wanted to try driverless cars than those who lived in rural areas”可知, 居住地点会影响人们对无人驾驶汽车的态度。故选B。CYour glasses may someday replace your smartphone, and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch. Some in the city cant wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic eyewe
47、ar is likely to include. “Id use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 a. m. and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open, ” said Walter Choo, 40, of Fort Greene. The smartphone-like glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600, the Times said, possibly includin
48、g a technology already available on smartphones and tablets that overlays information onto the screen about ones surroundings. So, for example, if you were walking down a street, indicators would pop up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right o
49、n the sidewalk in front of you. “As far as a mainstream consumer product, this just isnt something anybody needs, ” said Sam Biddle, who writes for Gizmodo. com. “Were accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things, ” he added, “and the average consumer may not be able to afford
50、 another device (装置) thats hundreds and hundreds of dollars. ”Google publisher Seth Weintraub, who has been reporting on the smartphone-like glasses since late last year, said he was confident that this type of wearable device would eventually be as common as smartphones. “Its just like smartphones
51、10 years ago, ” Weintraub said. “A few people started getting e-mails on their phones, and people thought that was crazy. Same kind of thing. We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones, and its unnatural, ” he said. “Theres gonna be improvements to that, and this is a step there.
52、 ”【语篇概述】本文是一篇科技说明文。介绍了一种像智能手机的眼镜, 还介绍了它的功能和缺陷以及市场潜力。28. Which of the following is one of the possible functions of the smartphone-like glasses? A. To program the opening hours of a bar. B. To supply you with a picture of the future. C. To provide information about your surroundings. D. To update the
53、 maps and GPS in your smartphones. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第三段“including a technology already available on smartphones and tablets that overlays information onto the screen about ones surroundings”可知这种眼镜可以给你提供周围环境的信息。故C项正确。29. The underlined phrase “pop up”in the third paragraph probably means _. A. develo
54、p rapidlyB. get round quicklyC. appear immediately D. go over automatically【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据本句indicators would pop up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you. 可知指示器可以立刻出现, 向你展示你周围事物的信息。所以选C。30. According to Sam Bid
55、dle, the smartphone-like glasses are_. A. necessary for teenagersB. attractive to New YorkersC. available to people worldwideD. expensive for average consumers【解析】选D。 推理判断题。从第三段的Sam Biddle说的最后一句话and the average consumer may not be able to afford another device thats hundreds and hundreds of dollars可
56、以推断出, 对普通的消费者来说, 这种眼镜太贵了, 他们买不起, 故选D项。31. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs about the smartphone-like glasses? A. They may have a potential market. B. They are as common as smartphones. C. They are popular among young adults. D. They will be improved by a new technology. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据
57、文章最后两段可知10年前人们认为智能手机是不可能的, 但是10年以后它是很常见的个人物品。作者以此来推断这一技术的潜在市场也是巨大的。故A项正确。DArtificial intelligence, or AI, has slowly begun to influence higher education around the world. Now, one new AI tool could change the way university students evaluate their professor. The tool is called Hubert, a teacher eval
58、uation tool that appears as an AI-powered chatbot. Instead of filling out a form, students use a chat window to give feedback(反馈) on the course and their professor. Afterwards, Hubert categorizes the students comments for the professor to review. Hubert is free for educators to use. More than 600 te
59、achers have used it already. The goal of the new Hubert program is to improve education by giving teachers detailed, organized feedback from students. Viktor Nordmark, from Sweden, started the company in 2015, with several friends. Before creating Hubert, the founders asked teachers what would impro
60、ve their teaching skills. The answer, Nordmark said, was qualitative(定性的) feedback from their students. In other words, teachers wanted students to write detailed answers to open-ended questions about their experiences in class. Qualitative feedback is different from the survey responses, which stud
61、ents are often asked to provide at the end of a class. “This kind of data takes a lot of time for professors to collect and analyze, ” Nordmark said. And for the students, it can also be “really boring to fill out”. So Nordmark and his friends designed Hubert as a compromise between a traditional su
62、rvey and a personal interview. “You can reach a really large crowd, but you can also get really qualitative data back, ” Nordmark said. Now, when Hubert receives comments from students, it compares them with the information already in its system to organize the data. Nordmark says that Hubert will c
63、ontinue to get smarter as it receives more comments in the future. Nordmark says he and his co-founders have plans to make Hubert more flexible and accurate. They hope to give teachers the possibility of selecting their own evaluation questions. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一项人工智能工具Hubert在教学上的应用, 这项技术可以让学生通过“
64、聊天”来评价教授。32. What can be inferred about traditional teacher evaluation? A. Its data is easy to collect. B. Users are charged for using it. C. Students neednt fill out forms. D. Students find it dull to take part in it. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。由文章第四段中的And for the students, it can also be “really boring to fill
65、out”. 可知, 学生们认为填写传统的教学反馈很无聊。故D选项正确。33. According to the text, qualitative feedback _. A. can improve the students performance at schoolB. is students answers to teachers questions in classC. can be obtained by asking students to fill out formsD. is detailed responses to questions not for fixed answe
66、rs【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第三段中的In other words, teachers wanted students to write detailed answers to open-ended questions about their experiences in class. 可知, 老师希望学生们对开放式的问题进行详细回答, 所以答案也不是固定的。故D选项正确。34. What is one of the advantages of Hubert at present? A. Being able to change itself to become smarter. B.
67、 Saving much time when collecting survey forms. C. Taking on the strengths of a survey and an interview. D. Enabling teachers to select their own evaluation questions. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由文章第四段中的So Nordmark and his friends designed Hubert as a compromise between a traditional survey and a personal intervi
68、ew. “You can reach a really large crowd, but you can also get really qualitative data back, ” Nordmark said. 可知, 目前这个新的智能技术Hubert的优点是可以结合调查和采访的优势。故C选项正确。35. What is the text mainly about? A. The characteristics of qualitative feedback. B. A new AI-powered tool of teacher evaluation. C. The changes i
69、n the way teachers are evaluated. D. A potential revolution in the educational system. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。由文章第一段中的“Artificial intelligence, or AI, has slowly begun to influence higher education around the world. Now, one new AI tool could change the way university students evaluate their professor. The to
70、ol is called Hubert, a teacher evaluation tool that appears as an AI-powered chatbot. ”可知, 文章主要介绍的是一项可以使学生通过“聊天”来评价教授的新的人工智能技术。故B选项正确。第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2021滨州高二检测)Whether through advertisements, news articles or social media posts, most of us by
71、 now have started hearing about the upcoming data network of the future. What is 5G? 36 To help all of us understand them, we have listed some facts everyone should know. First, what is 5G? 5G is the 5th generation network. It is a new global network after 1G, 2G, 3G and 4G, which can connect everyo
72、ne and everything together. 37 With 5G there is a possibility that we can do everything. 38Self-driving cars, which will depend on ultra-fast data transmission speeds to communicate with other cars as well as their surroundings, promise a safer transportation system if and when technology is fully r
73、ealized. 5G will change the way we work or study. In the post-coronavirus world, having remote working capabilities will be more important than ever. Video meeting, e-learning and other Internet-enabled work applications will be possible to the point where people can use them as easily in their home
74、 or on the road as in the office or classroom. 395G will change society in too many ways. The use-cases and applications widely talked about are only a part of what 5G will make possible. Just as in the early days of the Internet in the 1990s, few foresaw the rise of useful websites like Wikipedia.
75、org. The same will surely be true of 5G. With 5G, other technologies dont seem like a dream anymore. 40 Now say goodbye to 4G in your homes and be prepared for the new wave of 5G. A. Self-driving will grow popular. B. 5G will help make self-driving cars a reality. C. The computer game players can ha
76、ve a faster speed. D. Why does 5G matter so much in peoples daily life? E. The power to do anything we want will be at our fingertips. F. 5G means faster data speeds and ultra-low latency (超低延迟). G. It will be also easier for doctors to treat patients remotely by 5G. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“什么是5G”以及5G
77、的优势和对我们生活的影响。36. 【解析】选D。下文To help all of us understand them, we have listed some facts everyone should know. 与D. Why does 5G matter so much in peoples daily life? (为什么5G在人们的生活中如此重要呢? )承接自然, 下文的them就指代上文提到的两个问题。37. 【解析】选F。下文With 5G there is a possibility that we can do everything. 与F. 5G means faster
78、 data speeds and ultra-low latency. (5G意味着更快的数据传输速度和超低延迟)承接自然, 因为数据更快、延迟超低, 所以让人们做任何事情都变得有可能。38. 【解析】选B。根据下文的Self-driving cars, which will depend on ultra-fast data transmission speeds to communicate with other cars as well as their surroundings, promise a safer transportation system if and when tec
79、hnology is fully realized. 可知, 本段主要讲述5G可以帮助自动驾驶车辆成为现实。39. 【解析】选G。上文Video meeting, e-learning and other Internet-enabled work applications will be possible to the point where people can use them as easily in their home or on the road as in the office or classroom. 与G. It will be also easier for docto
80、rs to treat patients remotely by 5G. (通过5G医生远程治疗病人也将变得更容易)承接自然, 上下文构成明显的并列关系, 都讲5G让工作和学习变得容易。40. 【解析】选E。上文With 5G, other technologies dont seem like a dream anymore. 与E. The power to do anything we want will be at our fingertips. (我们想做什么就做什么的能力就在我们的指尖)承接自然, 因为各种技术都进步了, 所以我们就可以在手机上做我们想做的事情, 故选E项。第三部分
81、语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mars is not, it seems, the dry old planet we once believed it to be. Astronauts who are41to go there in the next decade may find plenty42water to slake(消除) their thirst. And with water present the43of finding some sort
82、of life on Mars are much brighter. This is the view of forty geologists who have been analyzing44pictures and other scientific45 obtained by robot explorers in the sixties and seventies. To begin with, scientists thought the Red planet was as46as the Moon with dust storms swirling over vast sandy47.
83、 But now the picture is very different with mountains and valleys carved by48glaciers and rivers rushing and rumbling deep underground. Dr. Michael Carl comments in a report: “I am 49there is lots of water on Mars. ” Any surface water will be in the50of ice. But it could save explorers from having t
84、o take so much51with them. The report says52Mars probably had a warmer climate in ages53due to its axis (轴) having been more tilted(倾斜的) towards the sun. No signs of plant or animal life have been 54by instruments landed on Mars, 55the landing vehicles have been sent there for a few years. 【语篇概述】本文介
85、绍了地质学家通过研究分析火星图片和机器人探测到的科学信息得知火星不同于之前所认为的地形同月亮一样简单, 相反它的地表地形多种多样, 地质活动频繁, 并且火星上可能有冰的存在, 但是没有发现生命存在的迹象。41. A. expected B. hoped C. required D. eager【解析】选A。词义辨析题。expect sb. to do sth. 指“期待某人做某事”, 常常用于被动语态, 最符合本题题意。hope指“希望”, 但不能用于hope sb. to do sth. 结构中。require sb. to do sth. 意思是“要求某人做某事”, 是正式用语, 若用在这
86、里显得语气过重。be eager to do指“渴望做某事”, 不符合句意。所以选A。42. A. to B. of C. aboutD. in【解析】选B。固定搭配题。 plenty of意为“大量的”。43. A. chances B. openings C. occasionsD. possibility【解析】选A。词义辨析题。chance“可能性, 机会”; opening“开始, 开幕”; occasion“时刻, 场合”; possibility“可能性”, 不可数名词。句意: 有了水, 在火星上找到生命的可能性就更大了。根据句意选A。44. A. little B. many
87、C. much D. few【解析】选B。词义辨析题。little和much修饰不可数名词。few表示否定意义。many修饰可数名词复数, 表示“很多”。45. A. skillsB. news C. knowledge D. information【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。地质学家研究分析的是在六七十年代由探测机器人获取的火星的一些科学“信息”。所以选D。46. A. peaceful B. quietC. lifelessD. dead 【解析】选C。上下文语境题。根据上下文可知科学家们起初以为火星上的地形同月球上一样单一而缺少变化, 但实际上火星表面地形多种多样, 地质运动相当活跃。li
88、feless意为“死气沉沉的, 无生命的”, 且与第一段的life形成对照, 符合文章内容。 47. A. deserts B. mountainsC. riversD. seas【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据前文的dust storms 和sandy可推断此处指沙漠。48. A. energetic B. great C. heavyD. powerful 【解析】选D。词义辨析题。energetic“精力旺盛的”; great“伟大的”; heavy“沉重的”。用powerful修饰glaciers and rivers 意指“水流的强大冲击力”。 49. A. convinced B.
89、guaranteedC. believed D. proved【解析】选A。词义辨析题。convinced“使相信, 使说服, 使信服”, I am convinced. . . 意为“我被说服相信”; guarantee和 believe一般不用于被动语态; proved与文意不搭配, 不能说“我被证明”。50. A. appearance B. way C. form D. shape【解析】选C。固定搭配题。 in the form of意为“以形式”。句意: 任何地表水都是以冰的形式存在的。51. A. water B. ice C. equipment D. oxygen【解析】选A
90、。上下文语境题。联系上下文, 可知, 由于火星上可能有冰的存在, 所以勘探者不必携带大量的淡水了。 52. A. what B. if C. how D. that【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据语境可知此处是宾语从句, 从句中不缺少成分, 所以用that 引导。53. A. pass B. past C. ago D. before【解析】选B。固定搭配题。in ages past是固定搭配, 意为“很久以前, 在过去”。 past在这里作形容词。54. A. detected B. touched C. seenD. felt【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。联系上下文可知, 此句意为在火星上软着陆
91、的仪器没有发现生命存在的迹象, 因此用detect“发现, 探测”。55. A. because B. after C. before D. although【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据句意及句子结构可知, 此处although引导让步状语从句, 意为“尽管, 虽然”。第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traffic jams (堵塞) are a common problem in larger cities. In some cities, traffic jams get so bad during
92、 rush hours that it is sometimes 56. (fast) to walk than to drive. Traffic accidents are also a problem. Sadly these problems are not easy to solve. However, a traffic system (系统) being tested in several cities in Northern Europe has led to some surprising 57. (result). The system 58. (call) “shared
93、 streets”. It is a system that has very few traffic laws. As a result, shared street areas have no traffic lights or street signs. Although most people would expect this to cause the number of traffic jams and accidents 59. (go) up, until now 60. has been a great drop in both. One reason 61. (be) th
94、at the “shared streets” system encourages people to be more 62. (care). Without traffic rules, people slow down and pay more attention 63. each other. Normal traffic systems, on the other hand, depend on signs, 64. people often miss or dont follow, leading to accidents. Also, the “shared streets” sy
95、stem decreases (减少) traffic jams because without fixed (固定的) parking spaces, it is easier for cars to move around 65. (free) when there is a lot of traffic. 【语篇概述】本文介绍了为减少交通堵塞和交通事故而研发的一种新的交通系统shared streets。56. 【解析】faster。考查形容词的比较等级。根据句中的连词than, 可知此处应当用形容词的比较级形式。57. 【解析】results。考查名词的单复数。由空格前的some可知应
96、当用名词的复数形式。58. 【解析】is called。考查动词的时态和语态。由上下文可知此处应当用一般现在时, 主语与call之间是动宾关系, 故用一般现在时的被动语态。59. 【解析】to go。考查非谓语动词。cause sb. /sth. to do sth. 导致某人/物做某事, 不定式作宾语补足语。60. 【解析】there。考查固定句式。分析句子可知, 此处为there be 句式, 故填there。61. 【解析】is。考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据上下文可知应当用一般现在时, 主语是单数, 故填is。62. 【解析】careful。考查词性转换。位于系动词之后, 作表语, 应当
97、用形容词。63. 【解析】to。考查介词的用法。pay attention to sb. 注意/关注某人, 是固定短语。64. 【解析】which。考查定语从句的引导词。由空格前的逗号可知是非限制性定语从句, 从句中缺少动词miss 和 follow的宾语, 故用which引导。65. 【解析】freely。考查词性转换。修饰动词用副词。 第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假设你是李华, 你的英国好友Jack了解到你在十一假期出去旅游, 给你写邮件想知道你的旅途感受, 请你用英文给他回一封邮件, 内容包括: 1. 讲述你的旅途所见及所想; 2. 邀请他有机会到中国旅游。注
98、意: 1. 词数80左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。参考词汇: 国庆假期 The National Day HolidayDear Jack, _Yours, Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Jack, Having received your email concerning my National Day Holiday, Im more than delighted to share with you my thoughts and experiences over journey. As for the seven-day-long holiday, my famil
99、y scheduled a self-driving tour to Liaoning Province. Undoubtedly, scenic spots, and roads, even the public toilets were packed with tourists. However, we were hardly affected, because as far as we were concerned, it was travelling together that strengthened the family bonds. Moreover, the fascinati
100、ng landscapes along the way couldnt afford to be missed, which made all the troubles caused by the inconvenience cast to the winds. Do you feel like paying a visit to China when youre available? I cant wait to show you around to appreciate the charming scenery and diverse cultures. Looking forward t
101、o your early reply! Yours, Li Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Your Robot Teacher of the FutureWill your job be done by a robot in the future? Bank of England economists predict that almost half of all UK jobs are under threat of automation. Those most at risk involve repetitive manual labour
102、, such as factory positions. But could even the venerable profession of teaching soon have to compete against powerful electronic educators? At first glance, teaching might seem to be unaffected to replacement by robots. Teachers use a range of soft skills that machines find hard to replicate. They
103、judge pupils needs and adapt feedback accordingly. They adapt materials to make them more attractive and effective. And they provide pastoral care: looking out for students who lag behind or disrupt the class. Nonetheless, some believe the future of education will be technological. In an interview w
104、ith Business Insider magazine, futurist Thomas Frey predicts that “By 2030 the largest company on the Internet is going to be an education-based company that we havent heard of yet. ”He thinks that “bots”online robot teacherswill make education so efficient that students will be able to compress an
105、entire undergraduate degree into six months of learning. A bot learns what your “interests” and “reference points” are, “and it figures out how to teach you in a faster and faster way over time, ” according to Frey. Whether or not such incredible speeds will be reached, over the last decade there ha
106、s been a huge increase in online learning platforms. Companies such as Udemy and Khan Academy produce courses that allow millions to learn at home for free at their own pace. But there are limitations. Without the face-to-face stimulation of a classroom environment, the overwhelming majority of stud
107、ents fail to complete online courses. How to sustain motivation to learn is one more skill that online teachers will need to master. Indeed, Frey admits there is some way to go: “Nobody has quite cracked the code for the future of education. ”What do teachers themselves think about this? Professor D
108、onald Clark from Derby University in the UK thinks that we should welcome change, even though people will lose their jobs. “Artificial intelligence will destroy jobsso why not use it for a social good such as learning? ”he asked. _【参考范文】The article introduces the possibility of a robot teacher in th
109、e future. (要点1)Though robots may replace humans in factories, it is possible that teaching will be done by robots. (要点2)Teachers use soft skills such as feedback and personal care at classrooms. However, online robot teachers will know a learners weaknesses and strengths, so they provide efficient t
110、eaching. (要点3)Companies like Udemy and Khan Academy provide free courses online but students lack motivation to finish their lessons. Anyway, AI is welcomed to do good to learning. (要点4)【补偿训练】. 单词拼写 1. He advocates(提倡) that proper attention should be paid to reform. 2. Without experience, you have n
111、o basis for any prediction(预言). 3. They just put emphasis(重视) on quality rather than on quantity. 4. Students should resist(抵制)the temptation to focus on exams alone. 5. He strongly urged me to go abroad for further education, and finally he persuaded(说服) me. 6. The old man cant bear anyone in the f
112、amily to oppose(反对) him. 7. Im afraid Im not available(有空的) to do the show on the 9th. 8. He combines(兼备)creative imagination and true scholarship. 9. We would like to know more about distant (遥远的)countries. 10. Just for an instant(瞬间) I thought he was going to refuse. . 阅读理解Next month, Im traveling
113、 to a remote area of Central Africa and my aim is to know enough Lingalaone of the local languagesto have a conversation. I wasnt sure how I was going to manage thisuntil I discovered a way to learn all the vocabulary Im going to need. Thanks to Memrise, the application Im using, it feels just like
114、a game. “People often stop learning things because they feel theyre not making progress or because it all feels like too much hard work, ” says Ed Cooke, one of the people who created Memrise. “Were trying to create a form of learning experience that is fun and is something youd want to do instead o
115、f watching TV. ”Memrise gives you a few new words to learn and these are “seeds” which you plant in your “greenhouse”. When you learn the words, you “water your plants”. When the application believes that youve really memorized a word, it moves the word to your “garden”. And if you forget to log on,
116、 the application sends you emails, reminding you to “water your plants”. The application uses two principles about learning. The first is that people memorize things better when they link them to a picture in their mind. Memrise translates words into your own language, but it also encourages you to
117、use “mems”. For example, I memorized motele, the Lingala word for “engine”, using a mem I created I imagined an old engine in a motel (汽车旅馆) room. The second principle is that we need to stop after studying words and then repeat them again later, leaving time between study sessions. Memrise helps yo
118、u with this, because its the kind of application you only use for five or ten minutes a day. Ive learnt hundreds of Lingala words with Memrise. I know this wont make me a fluent speaker, but I hope Ill be able to do more than just smile when I meet people in Congo. Now, I need to go and water my Voc
119、abulary! 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了一个学习外语的好帮手Memrise。它是一款手机应用软件, 旨在帮助使用者记单词。其寓教于乐的学习方式很受作者的喜爱。1. What does Ed Cooke make an effort to do with Memrise? A. Create memorable experiences. B. Make progress with hard work. C. Learning words instead of watching TV. D. Combine study with entertainment. 【解析】选D。细节理
120、解题。题干中的关键信息是Ed Cooke, 由此可定位到文章的第二段, 根据该段中的. . . Ed Cooke, one of the people who created Memrise. “Were trying to create a form of learning experience that is fun and is something youd want to do instead of watching TV. ”可知, Ed Cooke创造Memrise的初衷就是使学习外语单词不再枯燥乏味, 尝试用寓教于乐的学习方式让使用者更好地学习单词。2. What are you
121、 doing when you “water your plants”? A. Logging on to the application. B. Being a Memrise user. C. Practising the vocabulary. D. Moving words to your garden. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。题干中的water your plants在文章中出现过两次, 所以要知道其真正含义应该仔细阅读原文中第一次出现这个短语的地方, 即第三段中的Memrise gives you a few new words to learn and these are “
122、seeds” which you plant in your “greenhouse”. When you learn the words, you “water your plants”. 可知, Memrise会给你一些“种子(单词)”让你学习, 当你练习这些单词的时候, 你就是在给你的“花园”里的“植物”“浇水”, 所以这里“浇灌植物”指的是“练习词汇”。3. How does Memrise work? A. By linking different mems together. B. By putting knowledge into practice. C. By offering
123、 human translation services. D. By applying an associative memory approach. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。题干问的是Memrise的运行模式, 因此可定位到第四段中的The application uses two principles about learning. The first is that people memorize things better when they link them to a picture in their mind. 及作者举的例子可知, 该软件通过联想记忆的方法帮助使用者记单词。4
124、. What is the authors attitude towards Memrise? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Uninterested. D. Negative. 【解析】选B。观点态度题。该题问的是作者的态度, 因此应该从文章中寻找作者使用该软件后的心得、体会。从第一段中的Thanks to Memrise, the application Im using, it feels just like a game. 及最后一段中的Ive learnt hundreds of Lingala words with Memrise. 可知, 作者通过Memrise学会了很多单词, 而且学习的过程也充满了乐趣, 所以作者对该软件的态度是积极的。
