1、专题三非谓语动词课前体验领悟用所给动词的适当形式填空1When asked (ask) for his opinions about his teaching job, the old man said he found it very interesting and rewarding.2More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced to_raise (raise) peoples concern over food safety.3More highways have been built in
2、China, making (make) it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.4Given (give) equal opportunities, both Frank and Billy may accomplish the task.5Every year, Tom remembers to have some flowers sent (send) to his mother on Mothers Day.课堂考前讲练非谓语动词作状语1.不定式作状语(1)表目的作目的状语时，不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全
3、句的主语，往往译作“为了，想要”。Having finished her project, she was invited by the school to speak to the new students.(2012江西高考)结束这个项目之后，她受邀到那个学校给新生们讲话。(2)表结果不定式作结果状语常表示出乎意料的结果，动词不定式前面常加only。George returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him.(2012山东高考)乔治战后回来，却被告知他妻子已经离开了他。(3)表原因这种原因状语往往跟在表
4、示“高兴、愉快、生气、遗憾”等形容词之后，说明产生这种情感的原因。I felt very honored to be included in the team.加入这个球队我感到非常荣幸。2动词ing形式作状语现在分词有一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not构成。时态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done一般式表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作；被动式表示正在进行的被动的动作；完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作；完成被动式表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。Pre
5、ssed from his parents, and realizing that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(2012福建高考)由于来自父母的压力，以及认识到浪费了太多的时间，这个男孩决定不玩电子游戏了。Not having fully recovered from the operation, the patient was advised to stay in hospital for another two weeks.手术后还没有完全康复，这位病人被建议
6、再住院两周。Having been told many times, he finally understood it.(2009四川高考)被告诉了许多次，他终于明白了。3动词ed形式作状语(1)过去分词作状语时，与句子主语之间是被动关系，表示时间、原因、条件、让步等。此时过去分词可与一些连词if, when, though, once等连用。Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.(2012北京高考)如果用得仔细的话，一罐可以够用六周。(2)某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，此时这些过去分词表示一种状态。这样的词有：lost (迷路的),
7、 seated (坐)，lost/absorbed in (沉溺于), dressed in (穿着), tired of (感到厌倦), faced with (面对)等。Absorbed in his book, he didnt notice me enter the room.专心于读书，他没注意到我进入房间。点津作状语时，是用现在分词还是用过去分词，取决于该动词与句子主语之间的关系。如果是逻辑上的主谓关系，一般用现在分词；如果是逻辑上的动宾关系，一般用过去分词。Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks even more beauti
8、ful.从山顶上看，这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语the park之间存在动宾关系)Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the park even more beautiful.从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语we之间存在主谓关系)1(2012江苏高考)_ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.ABasedBBasingCBase DTo base解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：把一个
9、重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上，而不是以理性思考为基础，你迟早会后悔的。此处动词base与其逻辑主语you之间构成主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故选B项。答案：B2(2012湖南高考)Time, _correctly, is money in the bank.Ato use BusedCusing Duse解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：如果利用得恰到好处，时间就是银行里的钱。分析句子结构可知，use与time之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用use的过去分词形式。答案：B3(2012重庆高考)_ to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonder
10、ful film.AHaving been asked BTo askCHaving asked DTo be asked解析：考查非谓语动词。分析题干并根据“I missed a wonderful film”可知，此处应用现在分词作原因状语；ask和I之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态；ask这一动作发生在missed这一动作之前，故应用分词的完成式。答案：A非谓语动词作定语1.动词不定式作定语(1)不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰的词后，往往表示未发生的动作。动词不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系，如果该不定式是不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。(2)不定式与被修饰词之间有同位关系。此类名词有c
11、hance, ability等。The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.(2011湖南高考)表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。点津不定式一般式的主动语态(to do)作定语表示将要发生的主动动作。不定式一般式的被动语态(to be done)作定语表示将要发生的被动动作。We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.(2009山东高考)我们被邀请参加下星期五在我们俱乐部举办的晚会。2动词ing形式作定语(1)动词ing形式的主动
12、式(doing)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.(2011江苏高考)近来一次把两个不同商场同类商品价格做一比较的调查引发了市民的激烈讨论。(2)动词ing形式的一般被动式(being done)作定语与所修饰名词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。The houses being built are
13、for the teachers.正在建的那些房子是给老师们的。(3)动词ing形式作定语相当于一个定语从句，强调经常性状态或动作的进行。单个词要前置，短语要后置。John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter offering him it.(定语从句John . the official letter which/that offers him it.)(2012江西高考)约翰的确得到了这份工作，因为他给我看了提供他工作的正式信函。3动词ed形式作定语动词ed形式(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上
14、存在被动关系，并表示该动作的被动或完成。Tsinghua University, founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(2011福建高考)建于1911年的清华大学是无数杰出人物的摇篮。1(2012重庆高考)Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company.Ato be made Bbeing madeCmade Dhaving bee
15、n made解析：考查非谓语动词。根据前面的“Were having a meeting in half an hour.”可知会议还没开始，the decision后面的定语应用动词不定式，表示将要发生的动作，排除B、C、D项。故选A项。答案：A2(2012湖南高考)The lecture, _ at 7：00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.Astarting Bbeing started Cto start Dto be started解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句中的“la
16、st night”及“was followed”可知，start这个动作已经发生，所以不能用不定式形式，又因lecture与start之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用starting。答案：A非谓语动词作宾补1.动词ing形式作宾语补足语动词ing形式作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。动词ing形式作宾语补足语强调正在进行中的主动动作。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。Listen! Do you hear someone calling for help？(
17、2010湖南高考)听！你听到有人正在呼救吗？2动词ed形式作宾语补足语动词ed形式作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself reminded of his own dreams.(2011重庆高考)迈克尔把姚明的画像挂在床边，目的是提醒自己记住自己的梦想。Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues amused with her storie
18、s.(2010上海高考)Lucy很有幽默感，总是讲故事让她的同事消遣。3have, get表示“使、让、叫”，后接三种形式作宾补(1)have/get sth. done使/让某事由别人去做Claire had her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.(2011陕西高考)在飞机起飞前一个小时Claire对行李进行了安检。Alexander tried to get his work recognized in the medical circles.Alexander试图使他的工作被医学界认可。(2)He had us laughin
19、g all through the meal.整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。点津have sb. doing用于否定句时，其中have有“容忍”之意。I wont have you speaking to your dad like that.我不允许你和你父亲那样讲话。(3)使/让/叫某人去做某事Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。点津have sth. to do表示“有事情要做”，此结构中，不定式是作定语。Im sorry, I cant go out with you. I have an urgent t
20、hing to settle.对不起，我不能与你一起外出，我有一件紧急的事情要处理。1(2012四川高考)I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.Ato wind BwindCwinding Dwound解析：考查现在分词作宾语补足语。句意：我抬头看，注意到一条蛇正沿树蜿蜒而上，捕捉它的早餐。此处用现在分词表示正在进行的动作。答案：C2(2012四川高考)Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car _
21、.Awashed BwashCwashing Dto wash解析：考查过去分词的用法。句意：开车进城前，你需要叫人洗车。get sth. done表示“请/让/叫别人(为自己)做某事”，过去分词作宾语的补足语。答案：A非谓语动词作主语和宾语1.动词ing形式作主语动词ing形式作主语表示抽象的、泛指的动作，尤其是一般行为倾向。当动词ing形式作主语时常用it作形式主语，动词ing后置。常用于以下结构：Its no use/no good/useless doing sth.。Its not easy to learn English well. Reading as much as poss
22、ible is necessary.学好英语不容易。广泛阅读是有必要的。It is no good learning without practice.学而不用无益。2动词不定式作主语不定式在句中作主语，相当于名词或代词的作用，往往用形式主语it代替。Its important for the figures to be updated regularly.(2011北京高考)对数字进行定期更新很重要。3动词ing形式作宾语(1)常接动词ing作宾语的动词(短语)advise (建议), admit (承认), appreciate (感激), avoid (避免), cant help (禁
23、不住), consider (考虑), delay (推迟), enjoy (欣赏), escape (逃脱), finish (完成), imagine (想象), keep (on) (继续), mind (介意), practise (练习), suggest (建议), miss (错过), feel like (意欲), devote .to (把献给), get used to (习惯于), look forward to (期望), object to (反对), set about (开始), put off (推迟)等。Bill suggested holding a mee
24、ting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.比尔建议开一个关于假期期间为上海世博会做些什么的会议。(2)可用动词ing，也可用不定式作宾语，但意义区别明显的动词。mean forgetregrettrygo onrememberI still remember being taken to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.(2009陕西高考)我仍记得别人带我去过法门寺，并记得在那里所看到的一切。(3)动词want, need, require意为“需要”时，后面跟动词ing
25、主动式或动词不定式的被动式作宾语区别不大。The flowers need/want/require watering/to be watered.这些花需要浇水。4动词不定式作宾语(1)afford, agree, ask, decide, desire, expect, fail, hope, manage, promise, pretend, plan, intend, refuse, wish等动词后要接不定式作宾语。We agreed to meet here but so far she hasnt turned up yet.我们说好在这儿会面的，但她到现在还没露面呢。(2)co
26、me, get, grow后接不定式作宾语时，意为“逐渐地”。She has a hot temper, but you will grow to like her.她脾气很急，但你会渐渐喜欢她的。1(2012安徽高考)I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.Alocking Bto lockChaving locked Dto have locked解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我离开办公室之前记得关门却忘记关灯了。remember to do表示“记得要做”，与后半
27、句中的“forgot to .”相对应。答案：B2(2011上海高考)Its no use_ without taking any action.Acomplain BcomplainingCbeing complained Dto be complained解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：不采取行动而只是抱怨是没有用的。Its no use doing .是固定句式。答案：B课后演练提升.语法与单选1(2013南京高三第一次模拟)The flood last month in the east was a real disaster，_ 19 people dead and 78 missing
28、.Ato leaveBleftCleaving Dhaving left解析：分析句子结构可知，the flood与leave之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用leave的现在分词形式。“leaving 19 people dead and 78 missing”在句中作结果状语。答案：C2(2013河南洛阳高三统考)Im surprised_ that Sue and Paul have broken up, for they seemed very happy together when I last saw them.Ato hear BhearingCto be heard Dbeing h
29、eard解析：考查不定式作原因状语的用法。动词不定式表示原因时往往跟在表示高兴、愉快、生气、惊讶、荣耀等情绪的形容词之后。答案：A3(2012陕西咸阳高三模拟)In order not to be disturbed, I spent three days_ up in my study.Alocking Bto be lockedCto lock Dlocked解析：本题易误选A，以为是考查spend .(in) doing结构。其实，不是“锁书房”花了三天，而是“将自己锁在书房里度过了三天”，故用过去分词短语作伴随状语。逗号后面的句子可还原为：locked up in my study,
30、I spent three days。答案：D4(2013河南十校阶段性测试)This is probably the only way we can imagine_ the current economic problems in Europe.Asolving Bto solveCsolved Dsolve解析：句意：这可能是我们能想到的唯一能解决欧洲目前经济问题的办法。分析句子结构可知，“the only way”是“the current economic problems in Europe”的逻辑主语，故空处用solve的不定式形式，在句中作后置定语。答案：B5(2013四川六校
31、高三联考)Not_ with the quality of your goods, I will certainly not advise others to buy them.Ato impress BimpressingChaving impressed Dimpressed解析：句意：对你们产品的质量印象不佳，我当然不会建议其他人购买。impress sb. with sth.表示“某物给某人留下深刻印象”，I与impress之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作状语。答案：D6(2012西安二检)Im leaving for Beijing. Do you have anythin
32、g_ to your daughter?Ato take BtakenCto be taken Dtaking解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我要去北京，你有什么要带给你女儿的吗？分析句子结构可知，这里是后置定语修饰不定代词anything，动词take和anything之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此要么用过去分词，要么用动词不定式的被动式，过去分词作定语表示已完成的动作，动词不定式作定语则表示将要发生的动作，根据句意可知C项正确。答案：C7(2012湖南十二校一次联考)Our evidence shows that_ time outdoors is good for kids eyes.Aspe
33、nd Bto be spentCspending Dspent解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的证据表明在户外待一段时间对孩子的眼睛有益。that引导的是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，应用动名词短语作主语。答案：C8(2013长沙名校模考)With the incomes_ continuously, some people now can afford expensive clothing of the latest fashion.Ato rise BrisenCrising Dbeing risen解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：随着收入的持续增长，一些人现在能买得起昂贵的最时尚的衣服。分析句子结
34、构可知，the incomes与rise之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用rise的现在分词形式。答案：C9(2011浙江高考)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves_ for words.Alose BlostCto lose Dhaving lost解析：考查非谓语动词。此处lost是过去分词作themselves的宾语补足语。句意表示“甚至最好的作家有时候也会表达不出来”，所以答案选B项。答案：B10(2013北京东城区高三期末教学检测)_ how to hold the party for several days, the chil
35、dren finally reached an agreement.AHaving discussed BDiscussingCDiscussed DTo discuss解析：句意：经过几天的讨论，孩子们最终对如何举办聚会达成了一致意见。the children与discuss之间是主谓关系，故应用现在分词作状语；discuss这个动作发生在reached an agreement之前，表示过去的过去，因此选A。答案：A11(2013西安质检)The Lantern Festival, first_ during the Han Dynasty, has a history of more t
36、han 2,000 years.Acelebrating Bto celebrateCcelebrated Dhaving celebrated解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：元宵节最初庆祝是在汉朝，已有两千多年的历史。celebrate与The Lantern Festival之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，first celebrated during the Han Dynasty是过去分词短语作后置定语。答案：C12(2012南京三模)Of all the feelings, bodily pain is the most difficult_.Aexplained Bto explainCbei
37、ng explained Dto be explained解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：在所有的感觉中，身体上的疼痛是最难解释的。“主语adj.to do”结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表达被动意义。答案：B13(2013金华十校模考)The school library provides a variety of books，_ they will meet the needs of different students.Ato hope BhopeChoped Dhoping解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：学校图书馆提供各类图书，希望能够满足不同学生的需求。句子的主语the school libr
38、ary和hope之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以应该用现在分词作伴随状语。答案：D14(2012西安名校三检)Out of necessity or out of interest, people go back to school for the common goal_ themselves.Aimproving Bto improveChaving improved Dimproved解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：出于需要或者出于兴趣，人们为了提高自己这共同的目标重返学校。根据句意可知此处应选择动词不定式作定语，修饰the common goal，故选B项。答案：B15(2013山东潍坊三县市
39、上学期联考)_ a lift on her way, Jenny finally managed to get to the station in time.AOffered BOfferCOffering DTo offer解析：句意：珍妮在路上搭乘了便车，最后设法及时赶到了车站。Jenny与offer之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词短语作状语。答案：A16(2013吉林一模)I think it a great honor_ to visit your country.Ato invite BinvitingChaving invited Dto be invited解析：句意：我认为被邀请
40、参观你们国家很荣幸。it作形式宾语，设空处是真正的宾语，invite与主语I之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以D项正确。答案：D17(2013南京一模)In the job interviews, job applicants often find themselves_ unexpected questions, some very difficult to answer.Ato ask BaskedCto be asked Dasking解析：分析句子结构可知，ask和themselves之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用asked作find的宾语补足语。答案：B18(2012长沙二模)Some pe
41、ople try to knock me down, only_ me more determined to do better.Ato make BmakesChaving made Dmade解析：句意：一些人努力将我打倒，结果却让我更决心做得更好。根据句意可知空处是不定式短语作结果状语，通常与only连用，表示出乎意料的结果。答案：A19(2013北京重点高中尖子生综合素质展示)Whom do you expect to have_ the problem of overloaded school buses?Asolve Bto solveCsolved Dsolving解析：句意：你
42、希望让谁来解决校车超载的问题？expect to do sth.表示“期望做某事”，have sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”。本句是对“expect to have sb. do sth.”中的宾语sb.进行提问。答案：A20(2013安徽合肥二次质检)Id rather read than watch TV. The programs seem_ all the time.Ato get worse Bto be getting worseCgetting worse Dto have got worse解析：句意：我宁可读书也不愿意看电视，电视节目似乎变得越来越差了。首先，se
43、em to do为固定搭配；其次，根据all the time可知用to be doing表示“正在进行”。答案：B.语法与阅读用所学语法知识破译下列长难句1(2012安徽高考阅读A)For example, there are Chinese shoes made of silk that were worn by women to tie their feet firmly to prevent them from growing too much!结构分析本句中主句为there are Chinese shoes，后面有多个修饰成分：过去分词短语made of silk和定语从句that
44、 were worn by women作定语，修饰shoes，不定式to tie their feet firmly作定语从句的目的状语，而不定式to prevent them from growing too much又作动词tie的目的状语。尝试翻译例如，中国妇女穿的丝质鞋子把脚紧紧地包裹起来，以阻止脚长得过快。2(2012湖北高考阅读D)Laterborns dont enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, l
45、earning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”结构分析本句中but连接并列分句，后一分句中的learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts .是由and连接的两个并列的现在分词短语作状语，与they存在主谓关系。尝试翻译后出生的孩子与父母谈话的时间少了，但是他们从哥哥姐姐身上学到完整的短语并且能理解其社会概念，比如“I”
46、与“me”的区别。3(2012江苏高考阅读C)One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the body and the body from them until they can be released at just the right spot.结构分析本句中to put the drugs inside a capsule为不定式作表语；protecting them from the body是现在分词短语作状语，and the body from t
47、hem是省略形式，补充完整应该为and protecting the body from them，省略了与前面重复的现在分词protecting。尝试翻译解决这一问题的方法是把药品放在胶囊里，保护药品不接触身体也保护身体不接触药品直到药品在身体里的恰当位置释放。.语法与写作按要求完成下列写作佳句(使用非谓语动词将下列复合句转换为简单句)1We should be kind to one another so that we can enjoy a harmonious life.We_should_be_kind_to_one_another_to_enjoy_a_harmonious_li
48、fe.2When Ms. Li entered the classroom, she was surprised to find a frog on the teachers desk.Entering_the_classroom,_Ms._Li_was_surprised_to_find_a_frog_on_the_teachers_desk.3The lecture which was given by Li Yang is inspiring to the students.The_lecture_given_by_Li_Yang_is_inspiring_to_the_students.
