1、第二部分 考点通关 第五节 不可忽视的小词冠词、代词、介词(短语)和动词短语 专题四 语法填空 明考向语法填空侧重考查it和人称代词，含冠词和介词的固定短语及动词短语(一)冠词析考点规律探秘_典题体验_透视命题规律1(2020高考浙江卷)This style of farming lasted for quite a long time.Then，with _ rise of science，changes began.2(2019高考全国卷)When we got a call saying she was short-listed，we thought it was _ joke.thea
2、3(2019高考浙江卷)Everybody wears _ same style of clothes.4(2018高考全国卷)Unexpectedly，Im facetoface with the gorilla，who begins screaming at _ top of her lungs.5(2017高考全国卷)This included digging up the road，laying the track and then building a strong roof over _ top.6(2017高考全国卷)Instead，she is earning 6，500 a
3、day as _ model in New York.thethethea7The nursery team switches him every few days with his sister so that while one is being bottlefed，_ other is with mumshe never suspects.8Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for _ while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy.thea自主归纳考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1
4、冠词的基本用法_2冠词的固定搭配或习惯用法_1，2，3，5，64，7，8要点提炼1不定冠词的基本用法(1)表示泛指某个人或事物。(2)用在第一次提到的单数可数名词前，表示泛指。(3)表示“某一个”，相当于a certain。(4)用于物质名词或抽象名词具体化时。(5)用于固定搭配中。2定冠词的基本用法(1)特指双方都知道的或上文提到过的人或物。(2)用于单数可数名词或形容词前，表示一类人或物。(3)用于序数词和形容词或副词最高级以及形容词only，very，same等之前。(4)用于被限制性修饰语加以限制的人或物前。(5)用于表示朝代、年代的名词前，或用于整十的数词复数前，表示某个年代。(6)
5、用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇俩。(7)用于世界上独一无二的事物前。(8)用于被演奏的西洋乐器前。考点练悟1(2020高考全国卷)Data about the moons composition，such ashow much ice and other treasures it contains，could help China decidewhether _(it)plans for a future lunar(月球的)base arepractical.(二)代词析考点规律探秘_典题体验_透视命题规律its2(2020新高考全国卷)As well as looking at
6、 exhibits，visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟)and imagine _(they)living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.3(2018高考全国卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find _(they)alive.themselvesthem4(2017高考全国卷)However，the railway quickly prove
7、d to be a great success and within six months，more than 25，000 people were using _ every day.5(2017高考浙江卷)“She thought I had hurt _(I)，”says Pahlsson.itmyself自主归纳考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1人称代词、反身代词、物主代词_2代词it的用法_1，2，3，54解题规则1人称代词主格在句中只能作主语，一般在纯空格题中考查。2人称代词宾格在句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。3形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语。4名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词名词”
8、，在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。5反身代词在句中作宾语、表语和同位语。6it可以指代前面提到的物，或猜测不确定的人，或指时间、距离、环境、天气等，还可作形式主语或形式宾语，或用于强调结构。7all，both，neither，either，none，any的用法：(1)both，neither，either：both表示“两者都”；neither表示“两者都不”；either表示“(两者中的)任何一个”。(2)all，none，any：表示“三者或三者以上都”用all；表示“都不”用none；表示其中的“任一”用any。8one，the one，the ones，that，those的用法：在文
9、中为避免重复，one(s)，that，those等都可以用来代替上文出现的名词。(1)one代替的是前面提到的同类异物中的任何一个，相当于“a/an单数名词”；ones用来代替前面出现的复数名词，也表泛指。(2)that代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，所代替的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词，其前面通常不能有修饰语，但可以有后置定语。(3)those代替前面提到的同类异物中特指的事物，只能指代可数名词复数，相当于the ones。9another，the other，other，others的用法：another表示“(三者或三者以上中的)另一个，再一个”；the other表示“(
10、两者中的)另一个”；other表示“其余的，另外的”；others泛指其余的人或物。考点e练悟1(2020高考全国卷)The artist was finally humbled(谦卑)by the greatest artist _ earth，Mother Nature.2(2020新高考全国卷)Museums must compete _ peoples spare time and money with other amusements.(三)介词(短语)和动词短语析考点规律探秘_典题体验_透视命题规律onfor3(2020高考浙江卷)Some time after 10，000 BC
11、，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived _，through agriculture.4(2019高考浙江卷)The answer _ this question is not clear.5(2019高考全国卷)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _ dogs，seven to be exact.intoof6(2018高考全国卷)I was searching _ these three western lowland gorillas
12、 Id been observing.7(2017高考全国卷)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and _ work.8(2017高考全国卷)After school she plans to take a year off to model fulltime before going to university to get a degree _ engineering or arc
13、hitecture.forfromin自主归纳考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1高频介词的基本用法_2介词的固定搭配_81，2，3，4，5，6，7解题规则介词/介词短语/动词短语的考查：一是考查固定搭配中的介词；二是考查介词短语、动词短语。1表示方位的at，in，on，to，beside/by，near，between，among，across，through，over和past等。2表示时间点的at，in和on。3表示时间段的for和since。4表示“用”的by，in和with。5表示“除外”的but，except，except for和besides。6其他常考介词的用法。刷题组题型突破_即时演
14、练_巩固复习成果.单句语法填空1(2020杭州二模)_ fact，STEM subjects are fun and exciting.Studying science can do _(we)good.2(2020长沙二模)The bridge links three areas，making _ much more convenient to travel from one to another.3(2020山西考前模拟)Also，speaking is very difficult for the deaf，because they cant hear _(they)own voices
15、.Inusittheir4(2020陕西师大附中模拟)Im _ 18yearold boy in the final year of high school and my life is in progress.5(2020雅安高三质检)If something goes wrong，then people in New Zealand are more likely to give others _ second chance so that they can prove _(them)or show that things can be done differently.6(2020安徽安
16、庆模拟)Even though our eyes are closed，they move rapidly from side _ side.anathemselvesto7(2020佛山二模)The language used in advertisements differs from _ used in ordinary readings.8(2020枣庄二模)All effective language teaching in the world is built _ the basis of oral language.thaton.易错练习1(2020安徽安庆模拟)The conc
17、ert was such_ success that it was expected to run for a second night.2(2020大同考前模拟)Favorable policies are _ effect to encourage employees professional development.3(2020广州二模)_ its high altitudes，long periods of dry weather and abundant sunshine，Xinjiang produces fruits with extremely high sugar conte
18、nt.ainWith4(2020枣庄二模)The weather in Chongqing is much warmer than _ in Beijing.5(2020醴陵二模)A study shows the students who are engaged in afterschool activities are happier than _ who are not.thatthose.语法填空The Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge，as the 1._(long)crosssea bridge in the world，is expected 2._(hav
19、e)5G service in the future，according to Fang Zheng，vice general manager of the WLAN office of ZTE Corp.，the bridges network 3._(operate)The 55km Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge，4._ opened on Oct.23，2018，connects the mainland province of Guangdong with the countrys two special administrative regions，Hong
20、 Kong and Macao.“The Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge now has good coverage of 4G service，”said Fang.“Experts and workers have overcome the difficulties of a complex construction environment and the lack 5._ an optical fiber(光纤)to provide tailored 4G solutions for the bridge and prepare for the future up
21、grading of 5G service.It can be seen as 6._ unique application of wireless technology，highlighting the highquality products and 7._(advance)technology provided by Chinas communication section.”8_(actual)，the Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridgeis now ready for the access of Internet of Things，a major busines
22、s tobe achieved by 5G technology.Since the very beginning，thetechnological base needed for 5G 9._(consider)in terms ofnetwork architecture，room for 5G station as well 10._the installment(安装)of fiber.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。港珠澳大桥有望在未来开通5G网络服务。1解析：考查形容词的最高级。根据语境及空前的the可知，此处表示作为世界上最长的跨海大桥，故填形容词的最高级。答案：longest2解析
23、：考查非谓语动词。此处表示未来有望开通5G网络服务。此处be expected to do sth.意为“有望做某事”，为固定用法，所以此处用动词不定式。答案：to have3解析：考查词性转换。此处表示大桥的网络操作员。故用operator。答案：operator4解析：考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，其先行词为the 55km Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge，且从句中缺少主语，所以用which。答案：which5解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处lack为名词，lackof sth.意为“缺乏某物”，为固定用法。答案：of6解析：考查冠
24、词。此处表示它可以被看作无线技术的一种独特应用。application作“应用”讲时，可用作可数名词，且unique的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。答案：a7解析：考查词性转换。此处表示由中国通信部提供的先进技术。此处应用形容词修饰名词technology，故填advanced。答案：advanced8解析：考查词性转换。句意：实际上，港珠澳大桥现已准备好接入物联网，物联网是5G技术将实现的一项重要业务。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处用副词作状语。答案：Actually9解析：考查动词的时态与语态及主谓一致。根据句首的since可知，主句应用现在完成时；主语the technolog
25、ical base与consider之间为动宾关系，且主语为单数，所以此处用现在完成时的被动语态。答案：has been considered10 解 析：考 查 固 定 搭 配。分 析 句 子 结 构 可 知，networkarchitecture，room for 5G station以及the installment of fiber构成并列关系，故用as well as“也，还”，其为固定搭配。答案：as.增分写作训练阅卷老师说，写作中的冠词、代词和介词的正确使用也是提分项。1(2020高考全国卷写作)由于他在防疫和控制方面的努力，我们的社区状况一直很好。_ in epidemic p
26、revention and control，our neighborhood has been _Thanks to his effortsin a good state2(2020高考全国卷写作)一到达，我们就看到红色成熟的桃子挂在树上。_，we saw red ripe peaches _3(2019高考全国卷写作)作为一个中国的学生，我一直热衷中国画。_On arrivinghanging on the treesAs a student of China，I have been keen on Chinese paintings.4(2019高考全国卷写作)这是一个友好的比赛，因此我们应记住友谊的原则。_This is a friendly game，so we should keep in mind the principle of friendship.
