1、必修第三册Unit 5阅读题组练速度.阅读AStill seeking a destination for your holiday?We want to inform you of four best places that are probably a mere walk away from your home.HighlandsThis Scottish destination,only accessible on foot or by boat,is Britains last wilderness.Over a week,youll hike into the Black Hills
2、,cross the peninsula from north to south and set sail for hikes on Skye,Rum and Eigg.Finish each day at a beach-side lodge(小屋),with dinner at the award-winning restaurant next door.SnowdoniaThe Snowdonia Way,the only low-level long-distance route,was only created in 2017,and remains unnoticed on the
3、 ground.Join the new guided walking trip and you wont need to concentrate on directions,just the fine views as you pass falls,forests,riversides and Roman roads.Hadrians WallWalking along Hadrians Wall is like travelling back in timeand even more so if you do it in an expert company.Andantes hike al
4、ong the ancient barrier is accompanied by a historian every step of the way,who will point out every Roman road,fort,milecastle and inscription,and tell you all about Hadrians tactics and Roman daily life.DorsetThe Isle of Purbeck is ideal for families:the walking is relatively gentle;the beaches ar
5、e glorious;the ranges of other attractions are varied;and the buses are handy,if your legs get tired.Over a few days,rambling along the coast and across the hills (routes are around five or six miles) with steam train rides and the sea swim;playing knights at ruined Corfe Castle and fossil-hunting a
6、t Kimmeridge Bay.1.What can we know about Highlands?A.It is very modern.B.It is a guided trip.C.It can be reached by bus.D.It provides quality dinner.2.Which of the following is the best choice for families?A.Snowdonia.B.Dorset.C.Hadrians Wall.D.Highlands.3.What do the four travel routes have in com
7、mon?A.They are all walking routes.B.They are all high-level routes.C.Their destinations are the same.D.They are helpful to learn about history.BTOKYO,JapanMaki Kaji,69,the creator of the popular numbers puzzle Sudoku whose lifes work was spreading the joy of puzzles,has died of cancer.Known as the “
8、Godfather of Sudoku”,Kaji created the puzzle to be easy for children and others who didnt want to think too hard.Its name is made up of the Japanese characters for “number” and “single”,and players place the numbers 1 through 9 in rows,columns and blocks without repeating them.Ridiculously,it wasnt
9、until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit,after a fan from New Zealand got it published in the British newspaper The Times.Two years later,Japan rediscovered its own puzzle as a “reimport”.Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoyment of puzzles.Sudoku championships have drawn som
10、e 200 million people in 100 countries over the years.Sudoku was also never trademarked (注册) except within Japan,driving its overseas craze.Born in the main northern island of Hokkaido,Kaji started Japans first puzzle magazine after dropping out of Keio University in Tokyo.He founded Nikoli in 1983,a
11、nd came up with the name Sudoku about the same time.In recent years,Sudoku,believed to be the worlds most popular pencil puzzle,has come out in digital versions.“Our mission (使命) is to seek Kajis wishes and possibilities,” said Yoshinao Anpuku,who succeeded Kaji as Nikolis chief executive (执行官).Majo
12、r Japanese newspaper Mainichi credited Kaji for starting the puzzle sections at bookstores,as well as introducing the word “Sudoku” into the Oxford English dictionary.4.What does the author think is ridiculous?A.Kaji was the Godfather of Sudoku.B.Kaji set up a puzzle magazine.C.Sudoku first became p
13、opular overseas.D.Sudoku was spread widely and quickly.5.What can we say about Maki Kaji?A.He liked traveling a lot.B.He failed to enter the university.C.He was a top player in Sudoku.D.He was committed to Sudoku spreading.6.What can be inferred about Sudoku from the passage?A.Its not for old people
14、.B.Its registered abroad.C.It was named after Kaji.D.It went all over the world.7.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?A.What Kaji wished for.B.Why Kaji was great.C.Who is Kajis follower.D.How Kaji achieved his goal.CThe icy beauty of the Arctic attracts thousands of visitors every year to
15、 see its wonderful wildlife,landscape and local cultures.Visitors can take ships on a voyage along the Arctic Ocean or take flights to cities along the Arctic edge.No matter how one gets there,they should wear warm clothes and get ready to take in the attractions.“Traveling to the Arctic leaves an u
16、nforgettable impression on the visitors.Its vast expanse and the fragility of its environment are two things that really blow away people,” said Cheryl Rosa,the director of the US Arctic Research Commission.Visitors to the Arctic Circle will have a lot of activities to choose from if they want to se
17、e all that the region has to offer.Hiking with snowshoes,dog sledding and kayaking are common activities.Visitors with sharp eyes are likely to spot polar bears.To get even closer to the animals of the sea,visitors can go polar snorkeling with seals.Of course,Arctic adventures arent complete without
18、 viewing the wonders of the Arctic Circles large glaciers and icebergs as well.One of the most impressive attractions and maybe the most difficult to see is the Northern Lights,one of the seven natural wonders of the world.They are natural lights that glow a brilliant green and light up the horizon.
19、Sometimes they appear as waves that dance across the sky in different colors.The best places to view the Northern Lights are in Northern Norway,Swedens Abisko National Park,Iceland,Americas Alaska or Canadas Yukon,according to S.Charles Deehr,an expert at the University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysic
20、al Institute,recommended planning a trip between winter and spring,especially when there is a new moon.Even though the Arctic is a popular tourist destination,dont forget that people live here too.“It is recommended that visitors go with tour groups that are respectful of Arctic residents (居民) and t
21、heir culture,” said Rosa.“Too many people can disturb the small villages.Finding tour groups that work with local communities is important.”8.The underlined part “blow away” in Paragraph 2 probably means “”.A.defeatB.affectC.moveD.impress9.What can we know about the Northern Lights?A.They only produ
22、ce green lights at night.B.They are natural lights and hard to see.C.They seldom occur between winter and spring.D.The best time to view them is when there is a full moon.10.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A.Tour groups are not welcome among Arctic residents.B.The Arctics population has
23、 been rising in recent years.C.Visitors should choose suitable tour groups when visiting the Arctic.D.Tour groups should get permission from local communities.11.What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage?A.To inform visitors of local culture.B.To recommend some activities to visitors
24、.C.To introduce a popular tourist destination.D.To share a travel experience in the Arctic.DNew research added brain degradation such as Alzheimers disease (阿尔茨海默氏病) to the growing list of effects of fine particles (微粒).A study of 63 million adults older than 65 in the United States showed that from
25、 2000 to 2016,first-time hospital admissions for Alzheimers disease and related diseases rose by 13 percent with every 5-microgram (per cubic meter of air) increase in annual concentrations of PM 2.5.Such particles are produced mainly during the burning of fossil fuels,especially coal and oil.The ri
26、sk remained high even when concentrations were below 12 micrograms per cubic meter of air,a level the U.S.Environmental Protection Agency currently considers safe.“Our study builds on the small but clear evidence indicating that long-term PM 2.5 exposure is associated with an increased risk of worse
27、ning brain health,even when PM 2.5 concentrations are well below the current national standards,” said Xiao Wu,a doctoral student in Harvard.Antonella Zanobetti,a co-author of the study,said the new research results showed that the current U.S.regulations are inadequate to protect the aging American
28、 population,highlighting the need for stricter standards and policies that help further reduce PM 2.5 concentrations and improve air quality overall.Women and urban populations,particularly those in the northeast,were particularly at risk,the research showed.The researchers figured that the increasi
29、ng effects on urban populations might be due to the “abundance of metal-bearing particles in the urban atmosphere,which have very small size and can access the brain directly”.They owed the increased risk to womens longer life,which meant the probability of death from other causes before developing
30、Alzheimers disease was higher in men.12.What can we learn about the new research in Paragraph 1?A.It proved PM 2.5 was caused by fossil fuels.B.It aimed at improving the elders brain health.C.It showed Alzheimers disease was linked to air pollution.D.It focused on the effect of PM 2.5 on the environ
31、ment.13.What is the researchers attitude towards the current U.S.PM 2.5 national standards?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Cautious.D.Ambiguous.14.Why do women have higher risk of brain health problems?A.Because they mainly live in cities.B.Because they are in much worse condition.C.Because they are a
32、ffected by PM 2.5 more easily.D.Because they live longer than men.15.Whats the purpose of the text?A.To present findings of new research.B.To call on us to protect the environment.C.To analyze various reasons for Alzheimers disease.D.To draw our attention to the elders health.七选五The brain drain is c
33、haracterized as the emigration of highly skilled laborers to other countries.1 The EU countries such as Poland,Italy and Portugal are especially affected by the brain drain,while other countries such as Sweden,Ireland and Denmark notice the opposite effect,namely brain gain.There are both push and p
34、ull factors affecting the brain drain.Pull factors include higher employment rates,higher salary and an increase in quality of life,while the push factors are high youth unemployment and high enterprise death rates.2 These effects include a reduction in human capital,limited capacity to innovate,red
35、uced economic growth,and a higher cost of public goods.There are positive side effects as well,such as return migration and incentives (动机) for investment in education.3 The European Committee of the Regions,therefore,suggests that local and regional authorities develop instruments and promote measu
36、res to increase the attractiveness of the regions facing the brain drain.They should also set up local alliances (联盟),which can help in drafting and carrying out local policies.The brain drains negative effects have been key concerns of the EU.As current economic and social differences between Europ
37、ean regions are the main cause of the brain drain,the need for a strong association between Europes cohesion (凝聚) policies has been stressed.4 This will also help in adopting the measures expected to fight against the problem of the brain drain including investing in education and employment in Euro
38、pean regions.A study launched by an organization of the EU analyzed several programs across Europe.5 These are steps like understanding the need for skilled workers,creating mechanisms for cooperation between governments,corporations and universities,removing structural barriers,etc.A.This calls for
39、 a territorial approach.B.It is a problem faced by many parts of Europe.C.The brain drain can have a negative impact on the sending region.D.Brain waste happens in the meantime in most European countries.E.Two of the key objectives are also necessary to reduce the brain drain.F.It came up with a lis
40、t of best practices for fighting against the brain drain.G.Such a policy should help in promoting an even development across the regions of Europe.答案：.【语篇导读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四个度假好去处:Highlands,Snowdonia,Hadrians Wall和Dorset。1.D解析 细节理解题。根据Highlands中的最后一句“Finish each day at a beach-side lodge(小屋),with din
41、ner at the award-winning restaurant next door.”可知,Highlands可以提供高质量的饭菜。2.B解析 细节理解题。根据Dorset中的第一句“The Isle of Purbeck is ideal for families”可知,Dorset是家人们一起去游玩的最好选择。3.A解析 推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句“We want to inform.a mere walk away from your home”,以及Highlands中的第一句,Snowdonia中的第一句,Hadrians Wall中的第一句,Dorset中的第一句可知
42、,这四个旅游景点的共同之处在于都是远足路线。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。“数独之父”Maki Kaji因癌症去世,文章介绍了他的部分生平以及数独游戏的影响力。4.C解析 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Ridiculously,it wasnt until 2004 that Sudoku became a global hit”并结合本段内容可知,作者感到不可思议的是,数独先是在日本以外的全球范围内火了起来,后来才在日本国内被发掘。5.D解析 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Kaji traveled to more than 30 countries spreading his enjoym
43、ent of puzzles.”可知,在推广数独的过程中,Kaji是亲力亲为的,与D项“他致力于数独的推广一事”相符。6.D解析 推理判断题。根据第四段第二、三两句“Sudoku championships have drawn some 200 million people in 100 countries over the years.Sudoku was also never trademarked except within Japan,driving its overseas craze.”可知,数独风靡全世界,与D项表达含义一致。7.B解析 主旨大意题。最后一段主要讲述了Kaji对
44、数独游戏的影响力,故B项正确。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。北极的冰雪美景每年都会吸引成千上万的游客,人们在那里可以欣赏到奇妙的野生动物、美丽的自然风景,还能体验当地文化。本文就北极的一些可供游览的项目进行了说明。8.D解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Traveling to the Arctic leaves an unforgettable impression on the visitors.”可知,去北极旅行给游客们留下了难以忘怀的印象。结合画线短语所在句中的“Its vast expanse and the fragility of its environment are two t
45、hings”可以判断,北极广袤的区域和脆弱的环境是让游客印象深刻的两件事;据此可知,画线短语意为“给留下深刻印象”。9.B解析 细节理解题。根据题干关键词Northern Lights定位至第四段;由该段中的“maybe the most difficult to see is the Northern Lights.They are natural lights”可知,北极光不容易被人们见到,是一种自然光。10.C解析 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“It is recommended that visitors go with tour groups that are respectful of
46、 Arctic residents and their culture”可知,建议去北极的游客选择尊重当地居民及其文化的旅游团。根据尾句可知,找到与当地社区合作的旅游团是重要的。据此可以判断,游客应当选择跟随合适的旅游团去北极游玩。11.C解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了北极这一旅游胜地:那里不仅有冰雪美景,还有许多奇妙的野生动物,游客们在此可以体验穿着雪鞋徒步、坐狗拉雪橇、划独木舟等活动,还有可能欣赏到世界七大自然奇观之一北极光。据此可知,本文旨在介绍一处旅游胜地。【语篇导读】本文是说明文。研究表明,大气中PM 2.5浓度越高,患上阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病的人数便会随之增加。城
47、市大气中含有大量的金属微粒,它们非常小,可以直接进入大脑,对人体造成不良影响。12.C解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句可知,一项针对美国6 300万名65岁以上的人的研究显示,从2000年到2016年,PM 2.5年浓度每增加5微克(每立方米空气),首次因阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病住院的人数就增加了13%。据此可以判断,阿尔茨海默氏病和空气污染有关。13.B解析 推理判断题。通读第三段可知,新的研究结果显示,目前的美国法规不足以保护老龄化的美国人口,这强调了对更严格的标准和政策的需求,以帮助进一步降低PM 2.5浓度,整体改善空气质量。再结合第一段最后一句和第二段内容也可以判断,研究者对当前美
48、国PM 2.5的国家标准是不赞同的。14.D解析 细节理解题。根据尾段尾句中的“They owed the increased risk to womens longer life”可知,女性患病风险增加的原因是其寿命较长。15.A解析 推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了一项新研究的结果:大气中PM 2.5浓度越高,则患上阿尔茨海默氏病和相关疾病的人数便会随之增加。此外,女性和居住在城市里的人患病风险较高。【破解长难句】They owed the increased risk to womens longer life,which meant the probability of dea
49、th from other causes before developing Alzheimers disease was higher in men.【分析】该句为主从复合句。句中which引导非限制性定语从句,which指代前面的整个主句,在从句中作主语。【译文】研究者把患病风险增加的原因归结于女性寿命较长,这意味着男性在患阿尔茨海默氏病之前死于其他原因的概率更高。.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文,主要讨论的是欧洲部分国家的人才流失和人才获得现象,分析了人才流失的原因、影响以及解决方案。1.B解析 根据空格前“The brain drain is characterized as the e
50、migration of highly skilled laborers to other countries.”可知,B项中的It代指the brain drain这个现象,自然地引出后面的波兰、意大利、葡萄牙等人才流失比较严重的国家,因此B项“这是欧洲许多地区都面临的问题”符合语境。2.C解析 空格后说“These effects include a reduction in human capital,limited capacity to innovate,reduced economic growth,and a higher cost of public goods.”,因此这一段
51、主要分析人才流失对于人才输送地区的影响,C项“The brain drain can have a negative impact on the sending region.”引出下文内容,其中的impact和下文的effects相一致,因此C选项符合语境。3.A解析 A项“This calls for a territorial approach.”(这就需要一种区域策略)中的核心单词是territorial,表示区域间的合作和沟通,与后面的local,regional,local alliances是同类相关词。同时,这一段侧重讲解决方案,A项的approach也侧重解决方案,可以构成词
52、汇上的反复和呼应。4.G解析 G项“Such a policy should help in promoting an even development across the regions of Europe.”中的policy与前文的policies相互呼应,因此G项符合语境。5.F解析 空格前说“A study launched by an organization of the EU analyzed several programs across Europe”,F项“It came up with a list of best practices for fighting against the brain drain.”中的It代指的是A study,其中的practices指代的是后文的“steps like understanding the need for skilled workers,creating mechanisms for cooperation between governments,corporations and universities,removing structural barriers”,因此F项切合题意。
