1、专题四 语法填空与短文改错 第二节 复杂多变非谓语动词 明考向非谓语动词作宾语、状语、补语和定语是语法填空的常考点，非谓语动词作表语和主语是次考点短文改错侧重考查介词后动名词作宾语、不定式作宾语、定语或补语和分词作状语考点练悟1(2020高考全国卷)They represent the earth(come)back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.2(2020高考全国卷)They are easy(care)for andmake great presents.3(2020高考全国卷)The next morning he hired a
2、 boat andset out(find)the wellknown ingto careto find4(2020新高考全国卷)As well as looking at exhibits,visitorscan play with computer simulations(模拟)and imagine themselvesliving at a different time in history or(walk)through arainforest.5(2020高考浙江卷)Agriculture gave people their first experienceof the powe
3、r of technology(change)lives.6(2019高考浙江卷)But some students didnt want(wear)the uniform.walkingto changeto wear7(2019高考全国卷)A 90yearold has been awarded“Woman OfThe Year”for(be)Britains oldest fulltime employeestillworking 40 hours a week.8(2019高考全国卷)Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Ire
4、ne declared she had no plans(retire)fromher 36yearold business.beingto retire9(2019高考全国卷)When we got a call(say)she wasshortlisted，we thought it was a joke.10(hear)how others react to the book you have just readcreates an added pleasure.sayingHearing自主归纳考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1非谓语动词作主语2非谓语动词作宾语3非谓语动词作定语4非谓语动词作
5、状语5非谓语动词作补语106,71,8,93,52,4要点提炼非谓语动词的用法如下：1作主语：(1)作主语通常用动名词(一般)或不定式形式(具体)。(2)用不定式或动名词作主语的特殊句型。2作宾语：要记住只跟动名词作宾语和只跟不定式作宾语的动词。3作定语：要根据与逻辑主语的关系，是主谓关系用现在分词，是动宾关系就用过去分词。若是表示未来的情况(发生在谓语动词之后)或表示“有要”用动词不定式。在最高级或“序数词(名词)”后或在ability，chance，way等抽象名词后作定语也要用不定式。4作状语：(1)在形容词后作状语用不定式。(2)作目的状语也只能用不定式。(3)作伴随状语要根据与逻辑主
6、语的关系，用现在分词(主谓)或过去分词(动宾)。5作补语：(1)要根据与逻辑主语的关系，用现在分词(主谓)或过去分词(动宾)。(2)用不定式作宾语补足语的固定搭配。(3)用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词。(4)可用分词作宾语补足语的动词。6情感类动词的分词形容词：作形容词用的情感类ing分词(令人的)与ed分词(感到的)的差别。7其他：作形容词的特殊分词(gone离去的，死去的，丢失的；lost丢失的，迷路的；missing不见的)。考点练悟(单句改错 请按照高考要求直接在原句上修改)1(2020高考全国卷)My mom told me how to preparing it.2(2020
7、高考全国卷)I tell my mom that if were forced eatthings,we may become ill.prepareto3(2019高考全国卷)Now my dream is to opens a cafe.4(2019高考全国卷)I want my cafe have a special theme suchas“Tang Dynasty”5(2018高考全国卷)As a kid，I loved to watch cartoons，butno matter how many times I asked to watching them，my parentsw
8、ould not let me.opentowatch6(2017高考全国卷)When summer comes，they will invitetheir students pick the fresh vegetables!7 We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.8 Mom was grateful and moving.totakingmoved自主归纳考向对应题号我的薄弱环节1非谓语动词和谓语动词的错用2不定式符号的多余或缺失3现在分词和过去分词的错用4介词to与不定式符号to的错用3,72,4,681,5特别提示
9、.单句语法填空1(2020邯郸模拟)As he unwrapped the gift,he saw that it was abook(name)The Greatest Story Ever Told.He couldntwait(read)it.2(2020福州二模)(read)fiction is one of the best waysof putting ourselves in other peoples shoes.3(2020荆州高三调研)The sign on the wall of the library says,“Nomagazine is allowed(take)o
10、ut of the reading room”namedto readReadingto be taken4(2020济宁一模)(care)for an elderly loved onemostlikely a parent,is never easy.5(2020四川新津中学月考)(base)on recent researches，distance learning slowly proves as valuable as the traditional campus-based form.6(2020潜江天门高三联考)The shelter protects cheetahs(猎豹)i
11、nthe wild by convincing farmers not(shoot)the animals.CaringBasedto shoot7(2020雅安高三质检)You would never think that a country(locate)in the corner of the world would be so multicultural.8(2020江西重点中学联盟联考)The event will also be broadcastlive,(offer)visitors the choice between three camera angles.locatedo
12、ffering.单句改错1(2020石家庄质检)After waiting for an hour，Katia went home，felt lonely and miserable.2(2020吉林实验中学三模)Its said that much of the energyproducing in the world today is wasted.feelingproduced3(2020宝鸡二模)He showed his mother the beautiful snake andbegged her to let him keeping it.4(2020乌鲁木齐二模)A thie
13、f broke into the house at midnight，或 left the house in a mess.keepleavingand5(2020西宁市三校联考)Comparing with letters and public phones,mobile phones and the Internet are faster and much more convenient.Compared.语法填空(2020武昌调研)Whether they are playing on our TV screensor printed in newspapers,advertisemen
14、ts are everywhere.They 1.(appear)since the 18th and 19th centuries when advances in printing techniques allowed more detailed images2.(produce)in newspapers and magazines.Advertising often serves as an indicator for 3.society considers to be socially acceptable and desirable at the time.In spite of
15、being designed to sell 4.advertise something,some ads can even have a 5.(tend)to become part of a societys dialect.For example,in the UK,if someone describes themselves 6.a“Marmite Person”，this means that you may either love them or hate them,7.(base)on the British food Marmites slogan,“Love it or h
16、ate it.”The average person living in a city sees thousands of ads every single day.It seems that ads are a 8.(big)part of everyday life than we think they are.Instead of finding them 9.(trouble),however,at least we can be assured that future generations will have an interesting way to see how we liv
17、edno matter how 10.(great)todays world may change to them.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。广告在我们生活中无处不在，本文主要讲述了广告的历史及其特点。1解析：考查动词的时态。根据句中的since the 18th and 19thcenturies并结合语境可知，此处应用现在完成时。答案：have appeared2解析：考查非谓语动词和语态。allow sb./sth.to do sth.“允许某人/某物做某事”为固定用法；又因为动词produce和其主语detailedimages为动宾关系，应用被动语态，故填to be produce
18、d。答案：to be produced3解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作介词for的宾语，表示“的事物”，故用what。答案：what4解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，此处前后两部分是选择关系，故用连词or。答案：or5解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的冠词a可知，此处应该用tend的名词形式。答案：tendency6解析：考查介词。describe.as.“把描述成”，为固定用法。答案：as7解析：考查非谓语动词。be based on“以为基础”为固定用法，故用动词的过去分词形式。答案：based8解析：考查形容词比较级。根据该句中的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级
19、。答案：bigger9解析：考查词性转换。find sb./sth.adj.“发现某人/某物(处于某状态)”为固定用法，故用trouble的形容词形式troublesome作宾语补足语。答案：troublesome10解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词应用副词，故用greatly“极大地”修饰动词change。答案：greatly.短文改错(2020长沙模拟)Welcome to the Great Wall.Measured more than 6,000 kilometers in length,the Great Wall is known as the long wall in the wo
20、rld.It has a long history of more than 2,000 years.That is amazing about the Great Wall is that it is main made of stones and MeasuringlongestWhatmainlybricks,and all the construction was done by hand.Though it was used to protect the country from foreign invaders,every few hundred meters along with
21、 the Great Wall,there was a watchtower.Now,as symbol of China,the Great Wall will become one of the most famous tourist attractions in the world.It is no wonderful that the Great Wall attract hundreds of thousands of foreign tourists every year.As/Since/Becauseahaswonderattracts.增分写作训练高考阅卷老师说，活用非谓语，
22、句句精彩。因此非谓语动词在写作中的正确使用可以让阅卷老师眼前一亮，请利用非谓语动词升级以下各句。1(2020高考全国卷写作)Because she has set a great example tous students，she fully deserves my respect.(利用现在分词短语作状语升级),she fully deservesmy respect.Having set a great example to us students2(2019高考北京卷写作)When I came back home，I shared myexperiences with my paren
23、ts.And they were very proud of me.(利用现在分词短语作状语升级)，I shared my experiences with myparents.And they were very proud of me.Coming back home3(2018高考全国卷写作)Im delighted to receive your letter,which asked what customs you should pay attention to when you visita Chinese friend.(利用现在分词短语作定语和状语升级)Im delighted
24、 to receive your letter，.asking what customs youshould pay attention to when visiting a Chinese friend4(2018高考全国卷写作)As the short film is to be on show,wehope viewers can put forward practical suggestions concerning it.(利用with复合结构升级),we hope viewers can putforward practical suggestions concerning it.With the short film to be on show5(2018高考全国卷写作)Our school is equipped with a bigplayground and a stadium,and it offers us an opportunity to dovarious sports activities.(利用过去分词短语作状语升级),our school offersus an opportunity to do various sports activities.Equipped with a big playground and a stadium
