1、第二讲 阅读七选五“二步”解题法专题二 阅读七选五(2020高考全国卷)A Few Tips for SelfAcceptanceWe all want it.to accept and love ourselves.But at times itseems too difficult and too far out of reach.36 Heres a handfulof ways that will set you in the right direction.37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-goodenough.Why
2、 do you follow them?Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs?Know that your life is your own；you are the only you in this world.Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.We are often ashamed of our shortcomings,our mistakes and our failure
3、s.38 You will make mistakes,time and time again.Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better,why not offer yourself a compassionate(有同情心)response?“That didnt go as planned.But,I tried my best.”Recognize all of your strengths.Write them down in a journal.Begin to train your brain t
4、o look at strength before weakness.List all of your accomplishments and achievements.You have a job,earned your degree,and you got out of bed today.39 Now that youve listed your strengths,list your imperfections.Turn the page in your journal.Put into words why you feel unworthy,why you dont feel goo
5、d enough.Now,read these words back to yourself.40 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements.See how awesome you are?AFeeling upset again?BWhere do you start?CNothing is too small to celebrate.DRemember,you are only human.ESet an intention for selfacceptance.FStop comp
6、aring yourself with others.GWhen does the comparison game start?语篇解读 主题：人与自我(生活与学习)。话题：自我接纳的建议。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四个自我接纳的小技巧。本文旨在让读者接受自我，做一个健康的自己，倡导自尊自信、乐观向上的人生态度。36解析：关联逻辑法解题。文章标题A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance及空格前的“接受和爱自己似乎很难”，空格后的“这里有一些建议可以让你朝正确的方向发展”，均暗示空格处表示“该如何开始”，选项B“你从哪里开始呢？”与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。答案：B
7、37解析：设题位置法解题。根据此题所在的位置可知，此处是一个小标题。根据下文“Are you hoping that eventually you willfeel empowered because your life is better than theirs？Know thatyour life is your own；you are the only you in this world.”可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己与别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。选项F“别再拿自己与别人作比较”与之对应。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。答案：F38解析：关联逻辑法解题。本段的
8、中心句“Forgive yourself formistakes that you have made.(原谅自己所犯的错误)”及下文的“You will make mistakes，time and time again.(你会一次又一次地犯错误)”暗示空格处表示“你只是个人，是人都会犯错误”，选项D与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。答案：D39解析：关联逻辑法解题。本段的主题是“认可自己的优点”。根据空格前的“你有了一份工作，拿到了文凭，而且今天起床了”可知，任何小事都是值得认可的，故选项C“没有什么小事是不值得庆祝的”符合语境。本设空类型属于细节理解类。答案：C40解析：关联逻辑法解题
9、。本段的主题是“列出自己的优点，再列出缺点。找到缺点后，再去看自己的优点”。根据空格后的“在你的日记中翻到你的优点和成就清单的一页”可知，空格前表示“如果你感到沮丧、不高兴的话”，选项A与之对应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。答案：A依据挖空位置，可将5个题目分为段首题、段中题和段尾题；依据句子在文中的作用，可分为“主旨概括句(涉及段落整体内容)”，“过渡句(反映文章结构)”和“细节支撑句(反映上下文的逻辑关系)”三个类型。1略读文章抓大意以最快的速度跳跃式地浏览文章的大小标题、首段、每段的首句，以及表示句、段关系的连接性词语。2重点阅读上下句因为正确选项必定会与上下句之间语义衔接、逻辑通顺，解题
10、时大多只看上句，或只看下句，就可基本确定答案。3看看结构变轻松在解题过程中，通过观察语言结构可将选择范围大大缩小，心情变得更加轻松。4词语复现显神功作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现。5代词逻辑亦管用代词是语篇衔接的重要手段之一，故解题中要善于利用这一衔接手段。第一步 看位置定类型句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人之所以采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式，正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用，来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。段首、段中、段尾题在文中所起的作用可归纳为下表：挖空位置逻辑关系具体解读段首题主旨句常
11、以段落小标题或主题句的形式出现承上启下句此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来挖空位置逻辑关系具体解读段中题例证关系表示例证关系的标志词语有：for example,for instance,in fact/as a matter of fact,actually,in other words/that is to say等转折关系表示转折关系的标志词语有：but,however,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,on the contrary,instead,nevertheless(然而),still,in contrast/comparis
12、on,by comparison等挖空位置逻辑关系具体解读段中题因果关系表示因果关系的标志词语有：so,therefore,thus，consequently(结果),as a result(of),so/such.that.,so that.等递进关系表示递进关系的标志词语有：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,likewise,similarly,whats more,whats worse,in addition,as well,to make matters worse,not.but.,not only.but also等挖空位
13、置逻辑关系具体解读并列关系表示并列关系的标志词语有：and,first(ly),second(ly);first,then/next;to begin with,some.others.;for one thing,for another thing;then/next,finally/last等段尾题总结句用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语承上启下句 此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来(2020高考全国卷节选).Emoji can help communication feel friendlier,and even aserious note can be softened wi
14、th an encouraging smile.40，and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome.And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication,youll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.AMessages with emojis feel more conversationalBEven a formal email ca
15、n seem cold and unfriendlyCSending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strangeDThe popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE Giving employees the tools enables them to communicatehonestlyFStudies show that friendlier communication leads to a happierworkplaceGAn easy way to bring all work
16、 generations together is with a chatplatform分析 本题位于段首，一般文章的段首句可以作为主题句，也可起承上启下的作用，因此我们需要格外关注空格前后的内容。空格前面介绍表情符号的作用，即Emoji can help communication feel friendlier,空格后面同样是概括表情符号的作用，即positive outcome。通过观察选项，我们发现F项提到的friendlier communication与前文联系紧密，且从文章结构来看，F项可以通过and与后一个简单句连接，使文章结构严谨。故选F。(2020高考全国卷节选).Ther
17、e is also the matter of tone(语气)Who hasnt received anemail so annoying that it ruined an entire day？39.Emoji canhelp communication feel friendlier,and even a serious note can besoftened with an encouraging smile.AMessages with emojis feel more conversationalBEven a formal email can seem cold and unf
18、riendlyCSending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strangeDThe popularity of these platforms is spreading globallyE Giving employees the tools enables them to communicatehonestlyFStudies show that friendlier communication leads to a happierworkplaceGAn easy way to bring all work generations togeth
19、er is with a chatplatform分析 根据前句“Who hasnt received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day？(谁没有收到过如此令人生气的电子邮件以至于它毁掉一整天呢？)”和后文介绍表情符号的优点可知，这里是陈述电子邮件的缺点，所以选项B“即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会显得冷冰冰、不友好”与上文语意承接，故为答案。空前的email与选项B中的email相呼应。故选B。(2018高考全国卷节选).The large color decisions in your rooms concern the wal
20、ls,ceilings,and floors.Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint,thetime,effort and relative expense put into it are significant.40.AWhile all of them are usefulBWhatever youre looking forCIf youre experimenting with a colorDSmall color choices are the ones were most familiar withEIts not really a
21、 good idea to use too many small color piecesFSo it pays to be sure,because you want to get it right the first timeGColor choices in this range are a step up from the small ones intwo major ways分析 该空位于段尾，应属于总结句。根据空前的the time,effort and relative expense put into it are significant可知，大型物品的颜色选择所需要的时间、精
22、力、费用很大，这恰与F项构成因果关系。第二步 由类型定技法 主题句 (2020高考全国卷节选).37 Some people register a list of things they want or needfor their new home at a local store or stores.Some common thingspeople will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives andthings like curtains.Even if there isnt a registry,a good
23、housewarminggift is something to decorate the new house with,like a piece of art ora plant.AThis isnt usual though.BIt is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.CYou can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.DIf youre lucky enough to receive gifts,keep them in a safe
24、place.EIt also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.FThe best housewarming parties encourage old friends to gettogether.GThis was so that the person could keep their home warm for thewinter.分析 本题考查主题句。空格位于第二段句首，是该段的主题句，空后的内容都在介绍客人可以带到聚会上的礼物，空格处应与聚会时所带礼物有关，故选B项“带礼物去乔迁聚会是传统”。先提出应该
25、带礼物，后面讲述如何选礼物等。过渡句(2019高考全国卷节选).Your personal circumstances are equally important.For example，you may want to be a pilot but cant become one because your eyesight is not good enough.40 You should reassess your goals，and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.AThis can affect your work.BSo how should
26、you motivate yourself?CHowever，this should not discourage you.DSo why should we try to set specific goals?EThey can change according to circumstances.FMotivation is what you need most to do a good job.GWithout motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.分析 设空处在段中，所填句子应是过渡句。根据空格前举的例子，想当飞行员，但视力
27、不够好，你不能因为视力不够好就泄气了，你得把自己当飞行员的目标换一下，重新设定一个目标，选项C“然而，这不应该使你气馁”与之对应。故选C。推断句 (2019高考全国卷节选)Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question：“Should I jump？”This is what motivation or the lack of it can do.Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same c
28、oin.36 Like the child on the diving board，you will stay undecided.AThis can affect your work.BSo how should you motivate yourself?CHowever，this should not discourage you.DSo why should we try to set specific goals?EThey can change according to circumstances.FMotivation is what you need most to do a
29、good job.GWithout motivation，you can neither set a goal nor reach it.分析 本题考查推断句。空格前有motivation and goal setting，而且说它们是同一枚硬币的两面，缺一不可，由此可知此处讲动力与设定目标的关系，故G项“没有动力，你既不能设定目标也不能实现它”符合语境。“2”线索解题(2020高考全国卷节选).38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming thereisnt a lot of food served.There are usuall
30、y no planned activities likegames at a housewarming party.The host or hostess of the party will,however,probablygivealltheguestsatouroftheirnewhome.Sometimes,because a housewarming party happens shortlyafter a person moves into their new home,people may be asked tohelp unpack boxes.This isnt usual t
31、hough.AThis isnt usual though.BIt is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.CYou can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests.DIf youre lucky enough to receive gifts,keep them in a safe place.EIt also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like.FThe best ho
32、usewarming parties encourage old friends to gettogether.GThis was so that the person could keep their home warm for thewinter.分析 此题可用代词指代线索解题。空格后的代词this是关键信息词。由since后的内容可知，在乔迁聚会时供应的食物不多，由此可判断this是指带食物去参加聚会，故选C项“你也可以带食物或饮料与其他客人分享”。(2018年11月浙江卷节选).32 Think of how long it takes to listen to one of thos
33、emessages.In texts，you dont have to declare who you are or even sayhello.Email，too，is slower than a text.The worst are those wholeave a voice mail and then send an email message to tell you they lefta voice mail.AThen there is voice mail.BOthers，like me，want no reply.CBut people still ask these thin
34、gs.DDont these people realize that theyre wasting your time?EWont new technology bring about changes in our daily life?FFacetoface communication makes comprehension much easier.GWhen the telephone was invented，people didnt know how togreet a caller.分析 此题可用词汇复现线索法解题。根据段中“.who leave a voice mail.they
35、left a voice mail.”可知，段首要引出voice mail，下文才能对其进行介绍。故选A。阅读七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A(2020福建三校高三联考)Everyone complains.Even if youargue that you are the happiest person in the world,you still complainsometimes.Sometimes you complain without even realizing it,butrarely is it ever helpfu
36、l.1 Here are some tips to stop complainingand give up the negative thoughts.2 When you find yourself thinking or saying a negative commentabout something or someone,stop and force yourself to say somethingpositive instead.Seek the help of a cheerful friend to change youwhen you complain and help you
37、 to see the positive in the situation.Make a list of things you are grateful for.You often complain about the things you dont have withoutnoticing those things you already have.Be grateful for what you havein your life because you are lucky simply for being yourselves.3 Learn to adapt to the changes
38、.There are many things you cant change.4 Always find thepositive side of each situation,regardless of however difficult thesituation is.With parents and friends support,you can survive anylife changes.Allow yourself to vent(发泄)your feelings every once in awhile.Constantly ignoring negative thoughts
39、could add up.If you are really going through a rough time,dont be afraid to share your feelings with a close friend or family member or see a therapist.Find what makes you happy.5 Maybe it is time to make the hard decision to move on toanother job or career.Uncover what your biggest complaints are a
40、boutand see if you can change the situation to make you happy.Choosehappiness,focus on the positive,and be kind always!AChange the way you think.BMake friends with positive people.CThe best and only thing you can do is to accept them.DAre you constantly complaining about your present job?ESometimes
41、this list can be easy,full of hobbies you enjoy.FSo how can you manage to force yourselves to end complaining?GSet down things you are thankful for and youll see that you donthave any reason to complain.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了停止抱怨的方法和策略。1解析：根据下文“Here are some tips to stop complaining andgive up the nega
42、tive thoughts.”可推知，空处应是表述如何停止抱怨，所以选F。答案：F2解析：根据文章结构及空处所在位置可知，空处为本段的标题。根据下文对本段的整体理解可知，本段主要讲的是改变思考方式，所以选A。答案：A3解析：根据本段的标题Make a list of things you are gratefulfor.，并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，G选项“把你所感激的事情写下来，然后你就会发现没有理由抱怨了”符合语境。答案：G4解析：根据上文“There are many things you cant change.”，并结合下文“Always find the positive sid
43、e of each situation,regardlessof however difficult the situation is.”可推知，在不能改变的情况下，接受并适应改变才是上策，与本段标题Learn to adapt to thechanges.呼应，所以选C。答案：C5解析：根据下文“Maybe it is time to make the hard decision tomove on to another job or career.”并结合本文的关键词complain可推知，此处表示对自己的工作不满，所以选D。答案：DB(2020潍坊统考)The Science of Ta
44、lking with Your PreschoolerLanguage is the fullest and most useful way of communication,and we can teach young children how to use language by engagingthem in conversations.1.There are three main conversationtechniques that parents can use to help their preschoolers developimportant oral language sk
45、ills.2.The more details that are added in a conversation,the more opportunities the young child has to learn new words.Listen closely to what the child is talking about,and then explain it further to help a preschooler expand language.Interact by asking questions and telling answers that are meaning
46、ful to the childs interests.3.It also gives preschoolers opportunities to use the new words.By asking different types of questions like who,where,why,what,how and when,young children are encouraged to use their own words and express their own ideas.Help young children learn to use their language to
47、consider and solve a problem.By“wondering aloud”，an adult models his thinking process and exposes preschoolers to curiosity and the abstract uses of language.“Wondering aloud”is simply saying out loud what you are thinking.4，you can involve your children in what you are doing and demonstrate how to
48、think through a problem to come to a conclusion.Strong oral language skills developed during the preschool years will help a childs success with later reading comprehension in school.Engaging your young children in rich conversations can help them build important language skills.5.AIf gestures are a
49、ddedBBy expressing your thoughts in wordsCClearly explain new words and add detailsDIt can also help you and your children to have fun togetherEHaving good conversations with preschoolers is a“science”F Employ simple words to make abstract thoughts easier tounderstandGSuch practice helps a child mai
50、ntain interest in a topic or anactivity语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要对如何科学地和学龄前儿童谈话进行了简要的说明。1解析：空处承接上文“Language is the fullest and most usefulway of communication,and we can teach young children how to uselanguage by engaging them in conversations.”，且与文章标题TheScience of Talking with Your Preschooler呼应，所以选E项。答案：E2解
51、析：与下文“The more details that are added in a conversation,the more opportunities the young child has to learn new words.”呼应可推知，C项符合语境。答案：C3解析：结合上文“Interact by asking questions and tellinganswers that are meaningful to the childs interests.”，且空处与下文“It also gives preschoolers opportunities to use the new words.”呼应可知，此处应是讲这样做的益处，选项G符合语境。答案：G4解析：与上文“Wondering aloud is simply saying out loudwhat you are thinking.”呼应可推知，此处应是说通过语言将想法表达出来，所以选B项。答案：B5解析：与空前一句“Engaging your young children.buildimportant language skills.”呼应可推知，此处应是讲和学前儿童谈话的益处，所以选D项。答案：D
