1、Module 3My First Ride on a TrainPeriodOneThe General Idea of This PeriodIn this period well finish the four activities in INTRODUCTION on Page 21.Then practise speaking after the model. At last Ill give four situations to discuss.Teaching Aims1. To learn and master the following:来Words: helicopter,
2、motorbike, tram, ferry Phrases: get on, get off, get into, get out (of) ride, take off, land drive2. To develop the students speaking ability by talking and discussing.Teaching Important Points1. How to improve the students speaking ability2. Learn some vocabularies.Teaching Difficult PointHow to im
3、prove the students speaking ability by making some dialogues correctly.Teaching Methods1. Answering activity to help the students go through vocabulary2. Matching the words to arouse the students interest in the names of vehicles.3. Individual, pair or group work to make every student work in class.
4、Teaching Aids1. chalkboard2. some picturesTeaching ProceduresStep 1 Lead-in （ Greet the whole class as usual.）T: With the development of society, we are changing our life. More and more people like to travel. Do you like traveling?S: Yes.T: Where have you been?S: The Great Wall, the Palace Museum, M
5、ount Tai, .S: The West Lake, the Great Wall, . . T: How did you make your first journey?S: By train. By bus. By bike . On foot T: Now, well review the means of transportation. “Means of transportation” is a means of carrying people or goods from one place to another. (By means of transportation) Who
6、 can give us the names of the transportation?S: By bike/by train/by car/by boat/by plane or on foot. Step 2 PresentationT: Open your books at Page 21. Lets come to Introduction. First look at the pictures. Lets learn some words about vehicles. ( Show them on the Bb. Read aloud and explain the Chines
7、e meanings. Then ask the students how they travel around most frequently to elicit basic expressions.)bicycle, bus, ferry, helicopter, motorbike, plane, taxi, train, tramT: How do you usually travel to other places? S: I usually travel on foot / by bike / by bus ，or take a ferry, in a bus, T: Who ha
8、s traveled by train/taxi/plane/boat? Explain where, when and why.S: I have travelled by train to Beijing. Before we decide the means of transportation, we must consider the time and money we have to spend, and whether well feel comfortable and safe during our travels.T: OK. What you said is reasonab
9、le. (Teacher ask Ss to watch the pictures on Page21.) ( Ask the students to match the words in the box with the pictures on the screen, then check with a partner. Check the answers with the students together. )1.motorbike 2.ferry 3.tram 4.train 5.plane 6.bus 7.helicopter 8.bicycle 9.taxiStep 3 Answe
10、ringGet the Ss to answer the Activity 2.Then check with them together.T: Lets do the activity2. First read through the questions & make sure you understand them.T: Which of the vehicles travel on road? Taxi, bicycles, motorbikes & buses travel on roadsT: Which of them travel on rails? Trams and trai
11、ns travel on rails.T: Which of them travels on water? Ferries travel on water.T: Which of them travel in the air? Helicopters and planes travel in the air.T: Which of them can you use to travel a long distance?You can use a plane or a train to travel a long distance.Questions: (1) Which vehicles do
12、you use if you travel a short distance? How about a long distance? (2) Which vehicles do you use if you want to be fast? How about if you are not in a hurry?(3) Which vehicles do you use if you dont have a big place to take off and land?(4) Which vehicles do you use if you want to fly in space?(5) W
13、hich vehicles do you use to go to school every day? Go for a picnic?Step 4 PracticeMatch the verbs with the means of transport. Get the students to do Activity 3.1. Read through the verbs and have the class repeat them after you.get on get off get into get out (of) ride drive take off land2. Ask stu
14、dents to do the activity individually. They can check with a partner.3. Call back the answers from the class.Suggested answers: get on: bus / train / tram / bicycle / motorbike / ferry / planeget off: bus / train / tram / bicycle / motorbike / ferry / planeget into: taxi / helicopter get out of: tax
15、i / helicopterride: bicycle / motorbike drive: train / taxi / bustake off: plane / helicopter land: plane / helicopterStep 5 SpeakingGet the Ss to describe the first time they travelled a long distance and put them into groups to ask and answer about their journeys.T: When we describe our first trip
16、, what should we introduce to others? 5W & 1H (when, where, who, what, why & how )T: I had traveled a long distance by train eight years ago.I went to Guangdong on my own / for myself / all by myself. There are a lot of historic sites/relics, wonderful sightseeing spots and delicious seafood. I hope
17、 you will go there in the future. Now, whod like to describe your first long-distance travel?S: I first traveled a long distance by train when I was seven years old. I went with my parents from Nanjing to Beijing.S: I first traveled a long distance by train when I was twelve years old. I went with m
18、y classmates and my teacher from my hometown to Beijing.Step 6 DiscussionT: We can make a trip in many ways. But what do you have to consider before you decide the means of transportation? I think we must consider time and money we have to spend, and whether well feel comfortable and safe during tra
19、vels. This is very reasonable. T: Now lets think and discuss how youd like to go to these places, by train, by bus or by air. Besides, give the reason why you make the decision.Situations: 1. from Shanghai to London2. from Beijing to Guangzhou 3. from Dalian to Qingdao 4. from Chongqing to Chengdu (
20、 The teacher gives them minutes to discuss and asks some of them to give their ideas.)Suggested ideas: 1.By air. Its a long way from Shanghai to London. Its the better and faster way to get there by air than by ship.2. By train. Beijing is far from Guangzhou. We can get there by train or by plane. I
21、ts faster by plane, but its better to go there by train. On the train we can be comfortable and enjoy the beautiful scenes on the way there.By boat/ship. Its shorter by ship than by bus or train. Meanwhile, we can enjoy the beautiful scene on the sea.3. By boat/ship. Its shorter by ship than by bus
22、or train. Meanwhile, we can enjoy the beautiful scene on the season.4. By bus. Chongqing is not far from Chengdu. It takes us only several hours to get there by bus. Its faster by bus than by train.Step 7 Summary and HomeworkToday weve learned some vocabulary on the vehicles and done some speaking a
23、nd known how to choose means of transportation. Also weve learned to discribe the first time you traveled a long distance. Besides, weve learnt some words (pointing to the blackboard).PeriodTwoThe General Idea of This PeriodIn this period, were going to read a passage about My First Ride on a Train.
24、 Well finish the five activities on P22-24.Let the Ss answer the questions about Australia and match some words with these definitions. Get the general idea of this passage. Answer and discuss some questions.Teaching Aims1. Learn and master some words. 2. Train the students reading ability. 3. Tell
25、the students something about Australia. 4. To know something about traveling to the central part of Australia.Teaching Important Points1. How to grasp the general idea of the passage.2. Know something about Australia.Teaching Difficult PointHow to improve the students reading ability.Teaching Method
26、s1. Fast reading and careful reading to improve the students reading ability.2. Pair or group work to make every student work in class.3. Discussion to help the students grasp the detailed information.Teaching Aids the blackboardTeaching ProceduresStep 1 Lead-in （ Greet the whole class as usual.）T:
27、Good morning! Everyone! The weather in this month is very nice. Its the best time to travel. Do you like travel? Have you ever been to Australia? Today lets learn something about Australia.Background： Australia, the largest country in Oceania, lies on the south coast of the Pacific. It covers an are
28、a of 7.6 million square kilometers. It has a population of over 10 million. Most of its people live in the east of the country by the sea. Mountain ranges run from north to south along the east coast, reaching their highest point in Mount Kosciusko(科修斯科山). The Great Barrier Reef, extending about 2,0
29、00 km, lies along the northeast coast. The island of Tasmania is off the southeast coast. Canberra, the capital of Australia, is a beautiful city. Sydney is the biggest city in Australia, which has many places of interest. The Opera House is wellknown all over the world. Sydney Opera House is the bu
30、siest performing arts center(表演艺术中心) in the world, averaging some 3,000 events a year with audiences totalling some two million, operating 24 hours a day, every day of the year except Christmas Day and Good Friday(耶稣受难节). Questions：1Which city in Australia is the capital city? Canberra.2Where do the
31、 Australians live? In the east of the country by the sea. Step 2 Presentation( Ask Ss to look at the pictures in Activity1 on P22.)T: Now, open your books at Page 22, lets come to Australia. Please read the pictures firstly.T: What do you call it? S: A Kangaroo.T: Where does it live? Do you know? .S
32、: In Australia, of course.T: Do you know about more Australian animals? What are they?S: Yes. Such as Koala(苏袋熊), platypus(鸭嘴兽), echidna(针鼹鼠) and dingo (澳洲野犬).T: Yes, very good. some of these animals are marsupials, that is, the mother keeps the baby in a pouch on her stomach. Whats more, in Austral
33、ia, there are some special plants, such as eucalyptus (桉树).T: Do you know the name of the capital city? S: Canberra.T: Do you know how many people live there? S: About 20 million.T: What do you think the central part of the country is like? S: Desert.T: Where do you think most of the people live, in
34、 the central part or on the coast?S: On the east/southeast coast.T: Now, youve known much about Australia.Step 3 Word Study( Show them on the Bb.)T: Before read the text, lets first look at the words in Activity 2. Match some of the words in the box with the 6 definitions. If you are not sure, turn
35、to your dictionary for help.(1) abandoned: adj. uncontrolled 被遗弃的 v. give up He abandoned the idea. 他放弃了这个注意。 abandon ones country 背弃祖国 abandon ones friend 背弃朋友(2) colorful: adj. having much or varied colour; bright 颜色鲜艳的; Many of them wore colourful national costumes.他们很多人都穿着色彩鲜艳的民族服装。full of inter
36、est; lively and exciting 丰富多彩的, 引人入胜的 a colourful account. 一篇生动的报道。Nature is most colourful in autumn.秋天, 大自然的色彩最为丰富。 (3) desert: n. dry, barren area of land，a lifeless and unpleasant place 沙漠，荒野 the Sahara Desert 撒哈拉沙漠 a desert island无人岛adj. like a desert, uninhabited 沙漠的，无人的 desert wastes. 无人烟的荒地。
37、 v. abandon (a person, cause, or organization) in a way considered disloyal or treacherous遗/背弃（人/事业/组织） He deserted his wife and daughter and went back to England. 遗弃妻女返回了英格兰。(4) recently: adv. 最近，近来； The accident happened quite recently. 那次意外事故不久前刚发生。He has recently learned English.最近学习英语The book w
38、as published as recently as last week.上周刚出版 recently不指“未来”，不能说I will go to Beijing recently. recent: adj. 最近的，近来的，不久前的 recent news 最近的消息(5) shine shone shone v. (of the sun or another source of light) give out a bright light 发光/照耀； The sun shines brightly.，不管怎样 I shall go there rain or shine. 不管怎样/无
39、论晴雨，我都要去那儿。be brilliant or excellent at something 表现出众 a boy who shone at nothing. 一个一无是处的男孩。He has set a shining example with his model behaviour. 他以模范的行为给我们树立了一个光辉的榜样。(6) supply: v. make (something needed or wanted) available to someone; provide供给，供应，补充supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb. The
40、y supply the homeless children with food. = They supply food to the homeless children.复数形式supplies指“日用品，生活必需品，补给品”等。1. Read through the words, make sure the students understand the words, correctly pronounce.2. Go through the “learning to learn box” with the students.Step 4 Learning to ReadT: Now, p
41、lease listen carefully more information about Australia, and learn more about it. Australia is 7,686,850 square km, with 25,760 km of coastline. It is the 6th largest country in the world, but has a relatively small population, because much of the central and western part of the country is uninhabit
42、able (不宜居住的), being desert. There are 19,731,984 people (July 2003 estimate) living there. Of these, 6.2 million live in New South Wales, and 3,789,000 live in Sydney, 3.3million in Melbourne, 1.5million in Brisbane, and only 313,000 in the Capital, Canberra. 85% of the population occupy 1% of the l
43、and! There are 386,049 aborigines (土著居民) living there, they are the indigenous people (原住民) of Australia. The climate is variable. The center and west is arid desert (干草荒漠) and semi desert, the south and east is temperate (温和的) and the north is tropical (炎热的). The lowest point is Lake Eyre(15m below
44、 sea level) and the highest point is Mount Kosciusko(2229m above sea level). 6.86% of the land is arable (适于耕种的). The country is divided into 6 states (New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia) and 2 territories (Australian Capital Territory, Northern Terri
45、tory). Step 5Fast-readingT: Open your books at Page 23, listen to the tape carefully, or read the text yourselves and try to find out the main idea of this text, 1. Choose the answer in Activity 3. 2. Find out what main idea each paragraph is about. ( my first ride on a long-distance train, the food
46、 and scenery,the passenger and my activities,the origin and development of Ghan train ) 3. Topic sentence of each paragraph. Para. 1 I had my first ride on a long-distance trainPara. 2 The train was wonderful and the food was great.Para. 3 The train was comfortable and the people were nice.Para. 4 W
47、hy is the train called the Ghan?Para. 5 They used camels to carry goods.Para. 6 telling facts 4. Guide Ss to find out the structure of the passage. Step 6 Careful-readingActivity 1: get the students to read by themselves carefully then give some questions to answer.Q1: Did Alice travel on the train
48、a long time ago?Q2: Was her destination on the coast of Australia?Q3: Was the scenery the same during the whole journey?Q4: Did she study while she was on the train?Q5: Did the Australians use horses to travel to the central part of the country?Q6: Do they still use camels to deliver goods? 1. Read
49、through the questions and make sure that the students understand them. 2. Ask students to do the activity individually, then check the answers with the students.keys: 1. No, she traveled on the train recently.2. No, Alice travelled to/in the centre of Australia.3. No, at first there were fields, the
50、n it was desert.4. Yes, she studied Chinese.5. Yes, at first, but the horses didnt like the hot weather.6. No, they use the train now.Activity 2: Arrange the sentences in the right order according to the text.a. Camels were trained to carry supplies back from the central part.b. Camels were shot bec
51、ause of the new railway line built by the government.c. They brought camels from Afghanistan. d. Australians needed a way to the central country.e. They tried riding horses, but failed. key: d e c a bActivity 3: 处理报纸上的配套练习Step 7 Discussion或处理Workbook 上P81-83文章并完成Activities 8-9Put the students into g
52、roups to discuss the question.Q1: What sort of people do you think travel on the Ghan train?Fill in the form (If the train can hold 40 people).What sort of peopleNumber of peopleWhy do you think they will be on the Ghan train?Young students5They are having a holiday.They like traveling on the train.
53、Chinese10They want to see Australia. They are in a group.Q2: What kind of towns and villages do you think the train passed?First find out cities, such as Sydney, Alice Springs, then let Ss describe the route of thetrain movements.(to the west, turn north, to the east)Additional topic:Teacher give th
54、e tips for traveling abroad, whether you are traveling overseas for business, pleasure or study, the best way to ensure a carefree and relaxing trip is to prevent problems before they happen. The more you learn about passports, visas, customs, and other travel basics, the less likely you are to have
55、 difficulties during your travels.Think after class: 1. What will you prepare before you go?2. While you are on the way, how to deal with the unexpected?3. Safety tips given while you are on the way?Step 8 Summary and HomeworkToday we have learned something more about “My First ride on the Train”, w
56、e have known something about it, now homework for today.1. Read the passage again and again.2. Find out the phrases of the passage.PeriodThreeThe General Idea of This Period In this period were going to learn Grammar 1(the -ed form), Function on Page 24. To finish four activities. Then learn Vocabul
57、ary on Page 25 such as learning to ride a bicycle/seeing a wild animal/seeing a film.Teaching Aims1.To learn the usage of the -ed form, usage as adjectives.2.Learn to use good manners, practice the conversation.3.To learn the vocabulary.Teaching Important Points1.How to use the -ed form.2.Practise t
58、he conversation.Teaching Difficult Point How to grasp the usage of -ed form.Teaching Methods1.Asking and answering method.2. Sum up and master the usages of the -ed form used as adjectives.Teaching ProceduresStep 1 Revision.CT: In the last two periods, weve learnt some new words and a reading passag
59、e about travel.As we all know, the more you learn about passports, visas, customs, and other travel basics, the less likely you are to have difficulties during your travels.In order to make sure you have a carefree and relaxing trip, and prevent problems before they happen. You must consider the tip
60、s about travel. (Let the Ss to discuss the following questions.) 1. What will you prepare before you go? 2. While you are on the way, how to deal with the unexpected? 3. Safety tips given while you are on the way?Before you go: There is much that you can do to prepare for your trip, depending on whe
61、re you are going, how long you are staying, and your reasons for travelling.On the way:1. How to deal with the unexpected. 2. Safety tips(1)Protect your passport.(2)Guard against thieves.Step 2 Grammar 1 The V-ed form1. Let the students to read the sentences from the passage on P24 then answer the q
62、uestions.1. Trained camels carried food and other supplies.(表被动与完成)2. We saw abandoned farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.(表被动)3. We ate great meals cooked by experts.(表被动)4. There are many fallen leaves on the ground(表完成)5. This is a book written by a peasant.(表被动) (1) Polluted ai
63、r and water are harmful to peoples health. (表被动) (2) This is the book recommended by our teacher. (表被动)6. Trained students won the match.(被动)Students trained by Mrs Wang won the match.7.This is the finished homework.(被动/完成)This is the homework finished by Li Kang. ( Then ask the students to look at
64、the word order of the underlined parts of sentences.)A. Trained, abandoned and cooked are adjectives, but they are also past participles of verbs. The infinitives of the verbs are: to train, to abandon, to cookB. 1&2: adjective + noun3. n.+ adjectiveC. The word “cooked” cannot go in front of the nou
65、n “meals” because it refers directly to the phrase which follows it (by experts)the people who cooked the mealsand we are interested in the information.* Give more examples to help Ss understand the use of ed form used as attributives. Try changing the ed form into attributive clauses.1. the color T
66、V set produced last year = the color TV set that was produced last year(表被动)2. a letter written to me by my daughter = a letter that was written to me by my daughter(表被动)3. Is this the book written (that was written) by Henry James? (表被动)4 He was then a professor respected (that was respected) by al
67、l the teachers and Ss. (表被动)5. a broken cup = a cup that has been broken (表完成) 6. a wounded soldier = a soldier that has been wounded (表完成)7. a grown woman = a woman that has grown 一个成熟的女人 (表完成)8. an escaped prisoner = a prisoner that has escaped (表完成)过去分词属非谓语动词。从性质上它相当于形容词和副词,在句子中可以作表语、定语、宾补和状语。(1)
68、 本模块学习过去分词作定语用法。过去分词作定语时,它和所修饰的词之间是一种被动或完成的关系。a fallen tree 一棵倒下的树 trained camels 受过训练的骆驼 a book written by Lu Xun鲁迅写的一本书(2) 单个的过去分词作定语放在它所修饰的词之前,分词短语作定语放在所修饰的词之后。a polluted river 一条被污染的河流 meals cooked by experts 烹饪大师做的饭菜(3) 过去分词作定语意思上相当于一个定语从句。Buses numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within th
69、e city center. 标号为1100的公交车只能在市中心运行=Buses which are numbered 1 to 100 are limited to travel within the city center.2. Show sentences，let Ss compare the ed form with the ing form of verbs by translating. (1) The woman disturbing the other workers is called Christina. 正打扰别人的女人叫Christina。(表主动) The woman
70、 disturbed by the other workers is called Christina. 被别人打扰的女人叫Christina。(表被动) (2) I hadnt met the man interviewing me before I came here. 我来这之前, 从未见过面试我的这人。 I hadnt met the man interviewed by the boss before I came here. 从未见过被老板面试的这人。Translate (1)升起了的太阳The risen sun (2)一本用过的书a used book (3)一个被遗弃的小男孩
71、an abandoned boy (4) 一条参考答案A suggested answer (5) 几个发达国家several developed countries( Do exercises 1-2 on P79 )Step 3 Function Being polite1. First let the Ss look at the picture to guess what is happening. Then get the Ss to read the conversation between a ticket inspector and a passenger on the tra
72、in.T: When you were traveling someplace, do you feel comfortable? Are the people over there polite to you? Turn to Page 24. Lets look at picture and guess what is happening.T: Yeak. This is a conversation between a ticket inspector and a passenger on the train. Now, please read the conversation and
73、answer the following questions: 2. Discuss the questions: (Show them on the Bb.)(1)What does the ticket inspector want? He wants to check the passengers ticket.(2)What do you think of the ticket inspectors attitude?The inspector is very direct and impolite in the way he/she talks.(3)What expressions
74、 could you use to change it?You could add “please” “excuse me” “Im afraid.”3. Use the following to practise the conversation. First put the students into pairs to practise the conversation with the polite expressions.Excuse me, .?Could I (see your ticket)?Could I possibly (see your ticket)?Would you
75、 mind (showing me your ticket)?Would you mind (if I saw your ticket)?Im very sorry but (this is an old ticket).The fact is that (its out of date).Example:Ticket inspector: Excuse me, could I see your ticket?Passenger: Pardon?Ticket inspector: Would you mind showing me your ticket?Passenger: Im sorry
76、, I dont understand.Ticket inspector: Would you mind if I saw your ticket?Passenger:Oh, here you are.Ticket inspector: Im very sorry but this is an old ticket.Passenger:Pardon?Ticket inspector: The fact is that its out of date. Its a month old.Passenger: Oh, sorry, thats the ticket I used last week.
77、Ticket inspector: Wheres your ticket?Passenger: Here it is.Ticket inspector: Right.4. Then add more time to the conversation. Use one or more of these questions to make the conversation longer.Then act out the new conversation for the rest of the class.Step 4 Vocabulary Let the Ss read through the w
78、ords of places and activities on P25.Places :Cinema(movie) circus(马戏团) kindergarten(幼儿园) park playground(操场/游乐场) seaside sports stadium (体育运动场) swimming pool theatre zooActivities :learning to ride a bicycle， seeing a wild animal， seeing a film， learning to draw， reading comicbooks，swimming，playing
79、sports for the first time，meeting your best friend (Do exercises 4-6 on P80/81)Step 5 Summary and HomeworkIn this period, weve learned grammar “The-ed form” and read the polite expressions.Read a conversation about ones experiences.PeriodFourThe General Idea of This PeriodIn this period well learn R
80、eading and Speaking, review the past tense and time expressions referred to past.Teaching Aims 1.Learn Reading and Speaking. 2.learn past tense. Teaching Important Points To learn the Grammar. (The past tense time expressions) (recently /during the day/one night/at a midnight/in 1925)Teaching Diffic
81、ult Point To use the past tense time expressions.Teaching Aids来网 a blackboard and some colourful chalkTeaching ProceduresStep 1 Lead-inT: Good morning! Do you remember your first visit to the zoo? Did you see wild animals? What wild animals did you see? ( Then ask the students to change roles and sa
82、y something about their childhood.)Step 2 Reading and SpeakingT: This class, lets talk something about peoples childhood. Read the passage individually. And then decide which are happy and which are unhappy.S: I can remember my first visit to the zoo.I saw a lion and an eagle. The lion was very lazy
83、 and slept all the time. He was very boring. The eagle suddenly flew in the air and frightened me. I started to cry.T: So you were unhappy, right?S: Yes, Im very sad.T: Anyone else?S: I remember the day my father tried to teach me how to ride a bicycle. I wasnt good at it. I said, “I dont want to do
84、 this!” But my father was very patient and very soon he taught me how to do it. Now I ride my bike every day and Im much faster than my father!T: How happy you were!S: Yes. I was very glad.T: Do you remember your first day at kindergarten very clearly?S: Yes. There were so many children! I only knew
85、 one of them, a boy who lived in the apartment next door. I was very nervous. But we started playing with some toys and I soon stopped feeling nervous.T: So how interesting!S: Yes. I was so happy.T: Can you swim?S: Yes. I remember learning to swimit was very wonderful! When I was very youngabout thr
86、ee years old, I loved swimming pools and I always wanted to swim. My cousin showed me how to swim. Everyone said it was Olympic standard!T: Oh, how brave! How excited you were! And I will never forget my first visit to Step 3 Grammar 2T: The ed forms not only can be used as adjectives, but also can
87、be used in past tense. But when should we use past tense? (It should have the past time, like recently, during the day, one night, a long time ago, etc.)1. Get the students to find the time expressions that appear in “My First Ride on a Train”.2. Ask the students to try to remember, without looking
88、back, what events they referred to in “My First Ride on a Train”.3. Which of them can refer to past or present actions? Read the text again & check answers: Recently: Alice went on her first long-distance train ride. During the day: She sat and looked out of the window. One night, at about midnight:
89、 She watched the night sky for an hour. A long time ago: Australians needed a way to travel to the middle of the country. A hundred and fifty years ago: They bought some camels from Afghanistan. Until the 1920S: The camels carried food and other supplies across the desert. In 1925: The government pa
90、ssed a law allowing people to shoot camels if they Recently: One night: A long time ago: Until the 1920S: In 1925: past onlyDuring the day: At (about) midnight: past and present.4. Ask Ss to write down two sentences used in present tense for during the day and at midnight. During the day, the weathe
91、r is very hot in summer. At midnight, it becomes colder and colder.一般过去时：（1）一般过去时主要表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。Their children often went hungry in the old days.在旧社会,他们的孩子经常挨饿。（2）与一般过去时连用的时间状语 可以用一些表达过去时间的时间状语表达,如：a minute ago, last year, yesterday, in 1992, during the night, in those days, at midnight 等。例如：
92、John was here two minutes ago.两分钟前约翰在这儿。 可以用一些表达过去意义的时间状语从句来表达。例如：When his mother died,he was only five years old.他母亲死的时候他才五岁。 Though he was in his early twenties,he cooked dinner himself. 虽然才二十出头,但得不自己养活自己。 可以用一些表达“现在意义”的时间状语来表达,但它并不把这一“现在时间”包括在内。例如：Did you see him today?今天你见过他么？He went to Japan th
93、is year.今年他去了日本。 有时候句中没有时间状语,但实际上是过去发生的,应当用过去时。这是近几年的热点。例如：I didnt know you were also invited to the party.我不知道你也被邀请参加晚会了。（现在已经知道了）I didnt expect to meet you here.没想到在这儿碰见你。 Did you hear me? Step 4 Practice and Writing how to write an article about their childhood.1. Ask the Ss to tell their deskmat
94、es about the first time they did one of the activities or talk about their first experiences.2. Show the four topics, then let the students choose one of these to write a passage. My first family holiday The most unusual journey Ive made My first train ride The best journey of my life Give instructi
95、ons:* Suggest the Ss to choose a topic, list the main content by asking the following questions, such as time, place, persons, what to do, process(attitudes and emotions), results. Then help the Ss to write the notes in sentence, and structure the paragraphs. Notes: When and where did you go? How ol
96、d were you? Who did you go with? How did you travel there? What did you do and what did you see there? What happened? Where did you stay? What did you enjoy most/least? What happened in the end? Did you enjoy the trip or journey?*1) The first-person compositions are stories about real events that ha
97、ppened to us in the past or imaginary stories written in the first person (“I/We”), as if we were the main character.2) Past tenses -Past simple for an action which started and ended in the past.e.g. My colleges and I had a visit to the Great Ocean Road in Australia.Past continuous for an action tha
98、t was in progress at certain time in the past.e.g. It was raining for about half an hour.Past perfect for an action which happened before another action in the past.e.g. The train had already left by the time we got to the station. 3) Linking words are used to show sequence (Firstly, First, First of
99、 all, to start with; Secondly, Next, then, Afterwards, After this/that; Finally, Last, Lastly, etc )4) Write about our feelings by using effective words, such as splendid, enjoy ourselves, instead of beautiful, happy etc.Example: The first family holiday I can remember was when I was . At six oclock
100、 in the morning, we went to the bus station and .,and come back at (seven days later). How happy my family was!Step 5 Practice. Complete the sentences with similar time expressions.P 27/80Step 6 Summary and HomeworkIn this class, weve learnt something about peoples childhood memories. Also learn how
101、 to use the past tense time expressions. Homework is to finish the exercises in the exercise book and finish an article about your travel in your childhood.PeriodFiveThe General Idea of This PeriodThis class, we are going to do some listening exercises to enable the students abilities of listening.
102、Besides, ask the students to answer questions, using the correct expressions.Teaching Aims1. Learn listening and speaking.2. To learn and use Everyday English.3. To train the students abilities of listening and speaking.4. Pay attention to word stress.Teaching Important Points1. To learn Everyday En
103、glish and complete the sentences.2. To train the students listening.Teaching Difficult PointTo improve the students listening ability.Teaching Aids 1. a tape recorder2. chalkboardTeaching ProceduresStep 1 Lead-inT: Do you know this great woman? She is a 90-year-old silent movie actress called Mary L
104、ennon. She was born in England, but went to America to make films in the 1930s. In the listening material, youll hear a reporter interviewing her.Step 2 ListeningT: Now lets look at the questions carefully at first. And try to guess the answers to the questions. After a while, Ill play the tape for
105、you.(1) Listen to the interview twice or more tmes and check answers.1) In 19342) 193) By ship4) She met a lot of people and went to some parties.5) By train.6) Chicago7)It was too hot(2) Ask Ss to finish Activity 2 on page 27. And then listen again, check the answers and try to note down some infor
106、mation. (3) Ask them to retell the interview by the notes they have. (Do activities10-12 in Wb on P 84)Step 3 Pronunciation ( Word Stress in sentences)Enable the Ss to know how to read the stressed word in sentences.1. Write the two sentences on the Bb, and ask Ss to read them.On December 31, 2002,
107、Premier ZhuRongji and the German chancellor attended the opening ceremony of the train service. On November 12, 2003, the Maglev reached a speed of 501 kilometres per hour on the track between Longyang Station and Pudong, a new world record speed for a train. ( From the two sentences, we know it is
108、impossible to read a long sentence without any pause or stressed word. It is difficult to understand what you say if you read it word by word without any interval. So we should read the sentences phrase by phrase and make some stressed words. But which word should be stressed in a sentence? Generall
109、y speaking, nouns, verbs and adjectives are usually stressed in sentences, but pronouns, articles and prepositions are not stressed in a sentence.)2. Ask the Ss to read the above sentences again and pay more attention to the stressed words.On December 31, 2002, Premier ZhuRongji and the German chanc
110、ellor attended the opening ceremony of the train service. On November 12, 2003, the Maglev reached a speed of 501 kilometres per hour on the track between Longyang Station and Pudong, a new world record speed for a train.3. Ask Ss to listen and underline the words on P28 which are stressed. And then
111、 Read it with a partner to see who is better.Possible answers.1) Travel plane2) Plane, course, traveled, ship3) long, take4) seven, days5) enjoy6) no, hated7) Why, sick8) no, boredstep 4 Everyday English1Ask the Ss to read through the expressions and discuss the questions and find answers.Answer (on
112、 the screen):1. Why does the interviewer use these expressions? Is it possible to do the interview without them?It is not necessary for the interviewer to use the expressions, but using them is a friendly way ofinterviewing. The first is a friendly way of introducing a question, while the other thre
113、e are ways of responding to Mary Lennons answers and showing interest in what she is saying.2. What do Mary Lennons expressions tell you? Shes very enthusiastic(热心/情，极感兴趣的).2Ask students to complete the dialogue with the expressions and practice the dialogue in pairs.Step 5 PractiseDo Ex.2. on Page
114、28Step 6 Summary and HomeworkThis class, weve learned “Everyday English”, then complete the sentences with them. Weve done some listening exercise.PeriodSixThe General Idea of This PeriodIn this period, were going to learn cultural corner, it will tell us something about the Maglev, then well finish
115、 the exercises in the workbook.Teaching Aims1. Learn some useful expressions. 2. Train the students reading ability.3. Get the students to know something about Maglev.Teaching Important PointLearn and master the following useful expressions: at a speed.magnetically levitatedattend the opening ceremo
116、nyTeaching Difficult PointHow to help the students understand the passage correctly.Teaching Methods Fast reading and careful reading to understand the passage exactly.Teaching Aids 1. a tape recorder2. chalkboardTeaching ProceduresStep 1 Lead-in Read the pictures on the book, and tell the students
117、something about them. Ask some students to say some sentences for each vehicle.Step 2 Cultural cornerT: What kind of train is the fastest one in the world? Where is it? Have you ever been to Shanghai? Do you know anything about the Maglev. Today lets learn the Maglev the fastest train in the world (
118、on blackboard).Step 3 Fast reading1. Learn some new words first.magnetically levitated train 磁力悬浮列车 Magnetically levitated means “Maglev”.magnetic mnetik adj.有磁性的, 有吸引力的 magnetic force磁力 She is magnetic.她很有吸引力magnetically mnetikli adv. 有磁力地,有魅力地 我经常梦想我能够飞起来在空中飘浮。levitate leviteit vt. & vi. (使)升空,(使)
119、漂浮 I often dream that I can levitate. maglev mlev n./adj. 磁力悬浮火车(的) maglev train 磁力悬浮列车magnet mnit n. 磁铁/体；有吸引力的人/物 picked all the pins up with a magnet用磁铁捡针 Buckingham Palace is a great magnet for tourists. 白金汉宫对旅游者来说是个有巨大吸引力的地方.trans-: 表示“横过,贯穿,超越”之义。 transrapid maglev: 高速的(磁力悬浮列车)transatlantic横跨大
120、西洋的 transplant n/vt. 移植 transform vt/vi.改变 transgene n.转基因vacuumvkjum n.真空；空间,空虚,空白 Sound waves cannot travel through a vacuum. 声波不能在真空中传播。 His wifes death left a vacuum in his life. 他妻子的去世使他的生活变得空虚。rail reil n. 铁轨，钢轨；轨道，铁路 The train left the rails列车出轨。on the rails 在轨道上；顺利，顺遂，正常 go off the rails 行为不
121、轨/越轨；出毛病；神经错乱ceremonyserimnin. 典礼, 仪式；礼节, 礼仪 the opening ceremony 开幕式stand on ceremony讲究礼节/客套；拘礼/客气 We dont stand on ceremony in this house这里不必拘礼without ceremony 径直地，不打招呼地；不礼貌地/不拘礼节2. Play the tape for the students to listen. First get them to look at the questions.学,科Q1: What are the main differenc
122、es between a magnetically levitated train and an ordinary train?It is faster, less noisy and uses less energy.Q2: What are the advantages of traveling on a Maglev train? You travel very quickly and quietly. The train uses less energy.Step 4 Careful reading1. Get Ss to read with carefulness, ask them
123、 to pay attention to their correct pronunciation.2. Get the students to find out the topic sentence for each paragraph.3. Get the students to find out the difficult sentences and useful expressions.(1)Travelling at a speed over 400 kilometres per hour, the train can complete the 30-kilometre journey
124、 in eight minutes.以400千米的时速，火车在8分钟内就完成了30千米的路程。* at a speed注意at和speed搭配 at full speed以高速度at a speed of 50 miles，at the top of ones voice高声/大声/声嘶力竭地 at a good price 高价 at full length 极详细地，全身平伸地* per hour: 每小时 per minute, per day, per year注意: per的用法：per商业技术用语，通常一般用a，an。 per之后接没有冠词的单数名词。a pint of milk
125、per child 每个小孩一品脱牛奶 fifty miles per hour 每小时50英里(2) They travel very fast and use less energy.它们运行得很快，而能量却消耗得较少。 less energy 是little 的比较级。后面省略: than ordinary trains.(3).attended the opening ceremony of the train service.参加的开幕式 attend: 出席；参加；上（学）；到（场） Did you attend the meeting yesterday? 你昨天出席会议了吗？
126、She was sick, so she didnt attend her classes.她生病了，所以没上学。Step 8 Homework Finish off the workbook exercises.PeriodSevenLanguage Points of this module1. Match the verbs with the means of transport refer to more than one means of transport.析： match在此作动词,意为“找相似物或相配之物”; Her clothes dont match her age. 服装
127、与年龄不配match.(with/to.)(把与)相匹配/搭配起来。 His deeds match well with his words.他言行一致。 match in / for 与相匹敌/成为的对手。 No one can match her in playing chess.means是名词,单复数同形,意为“手段;工具”; transport是不可数名词,指“运输,交通”;refer to 意为“指的是”; more than 意指“不仅仅是”。2. means n. (often pl.) 方式/方法；手段/工具（单复数同形）means of payment支付方式/手段 res
128、olving disputes by peaceful means 通过和平手段解决争端 by all means 当然，一定/务必 by no means 绝不/根本不/一点也不 by means of 用方法，依靠We express our thoughts by means of words. 我们用话语来表达思想。 mean v. 意味着，表示的意思；意欲，打算 I dont know what you mean. 我不明白你的意思。Your friendship means a great deal to me . 你的友谊对我极为珍贵。Time means life, time
129、means speed, time means strength. 时间就是生命，就是速度，就是力量。Beating means love,scolding means affection. 打是疼，骂是爱mean to do sth 打算做 mean doing sth 意味着 He means to go.打算去 I mean to wait for the next bus. He means to say that youre wrong.Passing the entrance examination means being admitted into college.通过高考意味着
130、被录取 用方法（注意介词搭配） by means of in this way with the method of 3、refer to a提到，说起 He never referred to his sisters in his letters. 他在信里从未提到过他的姊妹。 b参考，咨询，查资料 If you dont know what this means, refer to the dictionary. c有关，针对 The new law doesnt refer to the land used for farming. 新法与耕地无关。 d提交（某人或某机关）考虑办理或决定
131、 They referred their plan to the government.将计划提交了管理部门。 e认为起源于；认为与有关；有归属于；归功(或咎)于；归于 Mr White referred his success to his hard work. 怀特先生说他的成功是靠勤劳工作而获得的。拓展：查字典 refer to / turn to the dictionary look sth up in the dictionary refer to sth/sb 提到某物/某人，意指某物，涉及某人 refer to as 将称为refer的过去式、过去分词: referred现在分
132、词: referring4、more than (用法) more than + 数词: 含“多于/大于、超过”之意 Judging from his appearance, he is more than 40. 从他的外表判断，他40多岁了。More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.十多位警察出现在出事地点。 more than + 名词: 表“不仅仅”、“不只是”Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. 杰森不仅是一名演讲
133、者，还是名作家。 He is more a butcher than a doctor.他与其说是位医生倒不如说是个屠夫。 more than + 形容词/分词: 表“很、非常/十分”的意思 I assure you I am more than glad to help you. 我确信，我很乐意帮助你。I was more than surprised to see the lion standing at the body.看到那头狮子站在尸体旁边,我非常惊讶。 more than和含有情态动词的句子连用,有否定意义,表示“是难以”或“超过了所能”。 The beauty of the
134、mountainous country is more than I can describe.我难以描述那个山村的美丽。 more A than B与其说是B倒不如说是Amore.than.”中，肯定“more”后内容，而否定“than”后内容，“是而不是、与其说不如说”Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened. 听到吵闹声，男孩是惊讶而不是害怕。He is more a scholar than a teacher. 与其说他是位教师，不如说他是位学者。 not more than 有两种用法:a
135、后接名词 作不超过、至多解。 There are not more than five books in the case. 箱子里至多有五本书。b 后接从句常为not more.than,作还比不上解。侧重点在后一个分句,译成汉语时,仍按原来的语序。 I am not more mad than you. 我哪里像你那么疯。This book is not more interesting than that one. 这本书不如那本书有趣。 no more than = not any more than 后接名词 (=only) 作只不过，仅仅，只有解。 He is no more th
136、an a puppet. 他不过是个傀儡。比较：1）no more than的意思是“只不过”，not more than的意思是“不多于”。This room is no bigger than that. 这个房间并不比那个大。 (有“两个房间都不大”的含义)This room is not bigger than that one. 这个房间不比那个大。 (没“两个房间都不大或都不小”的含义)2）no less than的意思是“不亚于”，not less than的意思是“不少于”。 There were no less than a thousand people at the me
137、eting. 到会的有一千人之多。(有“到会人多”的含义)There were not less than one thousand people at the meeting. 到会的至少有一千人。(没“到会人多少”之义) 拓展： the more the more 越 就越 more or less或多或少 more and more越来越多 once more再/又一次 【链接】（1)rather than 而不是I think Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee.我想我该要一杯冷饮,而不要咖啡。I decided to write rath
138、er than telephone.我决定写信而不是打电话。（2)other than 除非;除外；不同于You cant reach the village other than by boat. 除坐船外,你到不了这个村。练习 (1) Consumers should do _than simply complain about the poor quality of goods.A.much less B.some moreC.far more D.far less答案:C提示: 消费者不仅仅只是抱怨产品的质量不好。more than.不仅仅是,far修饰比较级more。(2) More
139、 than one _the people heart and soul.提示:“more than one+单数名词”后接单数动词。答案:AA.official has servedB.officials have servedC.official has served for D.officials have served for(3) I wonder why Mary is so unfriendly to us.She is _than unfriendly,Im afraid. 答案:DA.shyer B.much shyer C.shy more D.more shy more
140、shy than unfriendly与其说不友好,不如说害羞。(4) In no country _Britain,as has been said,can one experience four seasons in a single day. 答案:BA.rather than B.other than C.more than D.better than 正如所说,除英国外,没一个国家能一天经历四个季节。5、take off a (鸟等)起跳；跳起来；(飞机等)起飞The plane took off from the airport and headed south towards H
141、ong Kong. 飞机从机场起飞往南飞向香港。b脱下(衣帽、鞋子等)，脱掉；拿掉，取下；移去；拆下，拆掉 to take off ones glasses 摘下眼镜 He took off his coat and sat down. 他脱下大衣坐了下来。c出发；匆匆离开 The professor took off for Shanghai this morning. 教授今天上午动身去上海了。d中止，中断；停止(演出)，取消；(使火车、公共汽车等)停运The show had to be taken off because of poor audiences. 因观众太少而不得不取消演出
142、。e将调离工作；休假，休息；美国方言缺勤，旷工，旷课 He took two weeks off from work. 他歇工两星期。take短语：take advice 接受建议 take a bath/walk/rest/trip 洗澡/散步/休息/旅行 take a taxi 搭车 take a look at 看一眼 take a deep breath 深呼吸 take a seat / take ones seat 坐下/好 take a photo (of sb.) (给)照相 take an interest in 对有兴趣 take a day off 休假一天take ai
143、m at 瞄准 take away (from) (从)拿走 take after与（父母，先辈）相像take back 取/带/收回 take charge of 负责(管理或照顾) take down 记下/拿下take hold of 抓住 take it easy 别紧张 take ones place坐位置/代替职位take the place of sb. 代替职位 take medicine 吃药 take measures/steps 采取措施 take out 拿/取出 take place 发生 take up接受/拿起/占去 take ones temperature 量
144、体温take notes做笔记 take notice of 注意 take office 就职 take on a new look 呈现新面貌 take part in 参加(活动) tale pride in 以为傲/荣 take the lead 带头 take turns 轮流take trouble to do 费力地去做 take the side of 支持某人/站在方/边 take ones time 不着急6、Where do you think most of the people live,in the central part of the country or on
145、 the coast? 你认为大多数人生活在哪里：国家的中部还是沿海？此句是一种复合特殊疑问句或双重疑问句。其结构是：特殊疑问词+do you think+陈述句结构。do you think是插入语。无论疑问词在句中作什么成分，由于插入的一般疑问句部分已经采用了疑问语序,故think后面的部分须用正常语序/陈述语序。除think外，常见的动词还有：believe,consider,suppose,imagine,guess和suggest等。如双重疑问句中的疑问词是主语，则要构成：疑问词+do you think/believe/suppose/suggest.+谓语.句式。例如:Who d
146、o you think will get the prize?认为谁能得奖励？What do you suggest be done next?建议下步做什？Who do you think is fit for the job?认为谁能胜任？ What do you think has happened to Peter?When do you think the meeting will be held?你认为会议什么时候举行？How far do you imagine it is from here? 你认为那儿离这儿有多远？Where do you suggest we go for
147、 our holiday? 你建议我们去哪里度假？归纳：I think,I believe,I suppose,I guess,I imagine,I find,I understand,I trust,I know,I say,I hear等可用作插入语，置于句中或句末，通常用逗号隔开；此类插入语若置于定语从句中，可不用标点。It is impossible,I think,that we should finish the job in such a short period of time.我认为在这么短的时间内完成这项工作是不可能的。 sent to work on the farm?
148、 A.Who do you suggest be B.Who do you suggest wasC.Do you suggest who was D.Do you suggest who should be解析: do you suggest为插入语和who一起构成特殊疑问句；suggest后接从句时用(should)+动词原形，即虚拟语气。 答案：A练习1)How do you_we go to Beijing for our holidays?I think wed better fly there.Its much more comfortable.A.insist B.want C.
149、suppose D.suggest 答案: D 提示: C、D可作插入语, D项谓动用should+v（should可省)。2)Why do you think _cut down the big tree?A.we cant B.cant we C.that we cant D.that cant we提示: 你认为我们为什么不能把这棵大树砍倒？如去掉do you think,是Why cant we cut down the big tree?7、Recently I had my first ride on a long-distance train.不久前，我第一次坐了长途火车。（1）
150、recently 最近，近来，通常与过去时、现在完成时连用。I havent seen her recently.我最近不曾遇到她。 He has been ill until recently.他最近一直生病。The accident happened quite recently.那次意外不久前才发生。(2) long-distance 是复合词(合成词)，其他复合词表达法还有:复合形容词 duty-free(免税的),kind-hearted,absent-minded(心不在焉的),good-looking,fast-paced复合动词baby-sit(当临时保姆), house-ke
151、ep(主持家务/自立门户), about-turn(向后转/大改变), window-shop(观望/特色/看商店橱窗)复合名词birth-control(节育), tug-of-war(拔河), speed-reading(快速阅读), daughter-in-law(儿媳), air-raid(空袭)8、And what a ride! 一次多么美妙的乘车旅行！本句为感叹句，主谓被省略。全句What a (beautiful) ride it was! 很多感叹句是由what或how引起的。what修饰名词；What +a/an +(形容词)+可数名词单数(+其他)！ What+(形容词)
152、 +可数名词复数/不可数名词+(其他)！(1) What a lovely day(it is)!多么好的天气！(2) What beautiful flowers they are!这些花多么漂亮！(3) What a pity you cant go! 你不能去真可惜！(4) What a nice voice he has! 他的嗓音多么甜润！(5) What wonders those students have done! how修饰形容词、副词和动词。有时省略后面所接的副词、形容词。即（how + adj.(adv.) + 名词 + 动词）How +形容词/副词+ a/an +可数
153、名词单数+(其他)！ How +形容词/副词(+ 主语 + 谓语动词 )！ How +主语+谓语！(1)How fast he speaks! (2)How good of you! (3)How heavily its snowing! 大雪！How time flies!(4) How I wish I were young again! 我多么希望再年轻一次！How fast Liu Xiang runs! 刘翔跑得真快啊！(5)How beautiful (the ring is)!（这戒指）多么漂亮啊！(6)How high the kite is flying!那风筝飞好高啊！有时
154、候，感叹句可以由一些单词或词组组成。Dear me!天哪！A good idea! Hurrah!好哇！oh yeah?是吗？汉泽英 1) 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！(用两种方式翻译) What _an interesting book it is! _ How _How interesting a book it is!_2) 多好的天气啊！ _What fine weather it is!_3) 我们的老师工作多么努力啊！ _How hard our teachers work./our teacher works!_4) 他是多么热爱自己的祖国啊！ _How he loves his c
155、ountry!_9、We got on in Sydney and we got off in Alice Springs, right in the middle of Australia.我们在悉尼上车，在澳大利亚中部的艾丽斯普林斯下车。get on上(车/船等) get off(从车/船/马等)下来get into 上车；进入；坐进(轿车，出租车)get out of 下(车)；从出去(不可用被动语态) get.out off 从出去Get out of here! 滚出去（滚开）！get a car out of the garage 把车从车库开出I got off (the bus
156、) at the next bus stop.我在下一个公共汽车站下车。10、spend a用(钱)，花费 He spent too much money on horse racing. 他在赌赛马上花了很多钱。 b耗费，花费(时间、精力等)；度过 You really shouldnt spend so much effort on it.不该在这事上花大精力。 c耗尽，用尽(气力等)： He spent all his energy climbing up the hill. 他耗尽全身气力爬上了山顶。 搭配：花费时间/金钱做某事 spend time / money on sth. s
157、pend time / money (in) doing sth. 辨析：spend, pay, cost 与 take易混词辨析例句spend人+spend+时间/金钱+(in)doing / on sthTom spent 15 yuan (in) buying/on the book.pay人+pay+金钱+for+物Tom paid 15 yuan for the book.cost事/物+cost+人+时间/金钱The book cost Tom 15 yuan.takeIt+takes+人+时间/精力+to do sth.It took me much time to study
158、the report.11、Suddenly, it looks like a place from another time. 突然间，时空好像发生了转变。look like (vt.) (1) 看起来像；与相似She looks so much like her mother.她看起来很像她的母亲。He looks like a southerner. 他看起来像是一个南方人。(2) 看来要；好像要 Look at that dark cloud, it looks like rain.看看那乌云，好像要下雨。(3) 看起来似乎 = look as if(as though) 链接：Loo
159、k before you leap. 三思而后行 look after 照顾，照料 look ahead 向前看，考虑将来 look around 寻找；参观 look at 看着 look back 回忆，回顾 look down on 轻视，瞧不起 look for 寻找 look into 调查 look forward to 期盼 look over 检阅，检查 look up 查阅；抬头看 look out 小心 look out of 向.外看12、I sat and looked out of the window.我坐在那儿看着窗外。look out (1) 查出；找出 (2)
160、 当心；注意You must look it out in the dictionary.look out of (1)当心/提防（2）寻找/注意(某人的出现）；留心找(某物)（3）美语中有时表示“照顾”。英语中用法很活，其中要意思和用法如下:look 作动词，看、望、瞧（vi.）(1) 单独使用Look before you leap (proverb).He looked but saw nothing.I wasnt looking (at you ). Look and see how clever he is!(2) 和介词连用 Look at the camera, please.
161、The doctor looked at his injured hand. She look out her silver watch to look at the time.找出银表看时间look after 照顾 look around/round四下观望 look in往里看；短暂访问 look into浏览/调查look for look forward to期/盼望 look through仔细检查/透过看/看穿/翻阅 (3) 和副词连用 Why are you always looking back? Look forward and youll have a much bett
162、er life.He just looked on with folded arms. He kept writing, looking up several times.The headmaster came to our classroom and looked in. (4) 作系动词用：看起来。The new school looks nice. The fields look green.She looks cheerful and healthy. They looked embarrassed.Those students looked as if they didnt know
163、, and even more, didnt care. 似乎不知道也不在乎13、talk to sb. a跟某人说话 The teacher talked to his students individually. 老师找学生们个别谈话。b 口语训斥，责备，对直言不讳 She talked to the pupil about his grammar mistakes找谈话批评犯语法错误。 talk back to sb. 和某人顶嘴 14、They tried riding horses, but the horses didnt like the hot weather and sand
164、.他们试着骑马，但那些马不喜欢炎热的天气和沙漠。try to do (努力去做试行） (try ones best to do) 指某一次动作。try doing 试着做某事/尝试；是想知道结果而尝试着做做看。指经常性动作。 I will try to learn Japanese. 我要设法学会日语。He tried cleaning the spot with alcohol. 他试着用酒精擦拭那污迹。They tried to catch the bus, but they didnt.The students tried doing the experiment some other
165、way.15、Camels were much better than horses for traveling a long distance.对于走长途,骆驼比马要好得多。剖析： much作为程度副词修饰比较级, 常修饰比较级的程度副词有some, any, much, many, a bit, a little, a lot, a great deal, even, yet, still, no, not, far, by far(得多)等。a long distance是一个名词短语,用作状语。比较级的表达：（一般句式的构成） A + is / are+ 形容词比较级+ than +
166、B She is taller than me. 她比我高。拓展：1）表示“较低或不及”用less原级形容词than。 I am less young than him. 我不比他年轻。 2）表示“两者之中较”，用the比较级of the two。This one is the bigger of the two houses. 这所房子是两座房子中较大的。 3）用于惯用语。 比较级and比较级，表“愈来愈”。More and more students will enter college. 愈来愈多的学生将进入大学。the比较级the比较级，表“愈愈”。The cleaner,the be
167、tter. 越干净越好。 4）比较形容词可以被副词，如a little(一点)，much(得多)，even(更加)等修饰，但不可用very修饰。中文：现在的生活比二十年前的生活轻松得多了。(误)Life is very easier than it was twenty years ago. (正)Life is much easier than it was twenty years ago.16、For many years, trained camels carried , and returned with wool and other products.trained camels
168、(=camels which has been trained by human being) 训练过的骆驼 trained是过去分词作定语。及物动词的过去分词作定语表被动、完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语只表完成，无被动之意。 eg. the risen sun(=the sun which has risen) 升起来的太阳boiled water(water that has boiled)开水 frozen milk冰牛奶 broken glass破杯子 textbooks written for teaching教学用书, a novel known to all众所周知的小说拓展：
169、 现在分词作定语表主动进行之意。eg. the rising sun (the sun which is rising)正在升起的太阳boiling water(water that is boiling)正在沸腾的水a hungry wolf finding food 一只正在寻找食物的饿狼注意： 分词作定语，若是单个分词作定语要放在所修饰词的前面，若是短语则入在所修饰词之后。* supply: n. 供应(品) a food / water supply supplies: n. 日用品，生活必需品，供应品be in short supply 供应不足，不充裕 supply and dem
170、and 供求关系vt. 供应/提供，供给；储备 supply sb. with sth. = supply sth. to sb. They supplied the homeless children with food and clothing.易混词辨析supplysupply sb with sth / supply sth to sb 为某人提供某物offeroffer sb sth / offer sth to sb （主动）为某人提供某物provideProvide sb with sth / provide sth for sb 给某人提供某物* train v. “培养；训练
171、，练习” She is training to be a doctor. * training n. 训练，受训out of training “身体状况或竞技状态不好” The boxer is out of training. 那位拳击手体能状况不佳。in training“身体状况或竞技状态良好” The soldiers are in training. 士兵们体能状况很好。17、The Afghans and their camels did this until the 1920s.直到20世纪20年代，阿富汗和我们的骆驼还在做着这样的工作。剖析：until意为“直到”可作连词,亦
172、可作介词。主句中要用延续性动词; 如果是瞬间动词,要把它变成否定形式则可延续。常用结构: not.until.直到才例如:They stayed in Beijing until the end of August. 他们一直待在北京直到八月末。 He didnt understand what I was talking about until I told him again. 再次告诉他才明白我意思 (1) until的不同用法: 用在肯定句中, 与可延续性的动词连用。否定句中, 与表示瞬间性动作的动词/非延续性动词连用, 意为“到为止；直到才”。（before）She stood th
173、ere until her son walked out of sight. They stayed in Beijing until the end of August. The noise of the street didnt stop until midnight.街上的噪音一直到午夜才停止。It was not until today that it was made public. (用于强调句)那件事直到今天才被公布出来。Not until I graduated did I realize how much time I had wasted. (用于强调,主句要倒装) 表程度
174、，直到程度；终于He practiced batting until he was tired out.他练习（棒球）打击直到疲劳为止。比较下列句子:1) It was not until he told me that I knew.直到他告诉我，我才知道。2) The children wont come home until it was dark.孩子们不到天黑不回家。(2) 世纪、年代前加 the ，后面加 s / s。in the 1920s/1920s= 20世纪20年代 the 1830s = 19世纪30年代the 60s /the 60s = 60年代 in his 80s
175、 = 在他八十多岁的时候18、So they didnt need the camels any more. (他们不再需要骆驼了)not.any more = no morenot.any longer = no longer不再这几个短语可通用，但注意它们在句中的位置变化。He is no longer/no more a child.= He is not a child any longer/more. = He is not any longer/more a child.I cant drink the beer any more. 不能再喝啤酒了。 I have no more
176、money to give you. 没更多的钱给你。He promised to drink no more. 他答应不再饮酒了。 = He promised not to drink any more.【小结】 no more要放在一起使用,可用在句中也可在句末。not.any more中的any more要放在句末。【链接】no longer，no more，not any longer，not any more的区别(1) no more一般位于句末或句中,而no longer则可用于实义动词之前,助动词或连系动词之后,或者位于句尾。He still smoked,but he dra
177、nk no more.还吸烟,但不喝酒了。They are no longer staying with us.不再住一起。(2) no more/longer正式用法, not.any more/longer较自然。I did not feel sick any more.我不再感到恶心了 I do not see him any more/any longer.我不能再看到他了。(3) no more (not.any more) 强调数量和程度,表示动作不再重复,一般指把现在的情况与将来对比,即“现在如何如何,将来不再这样(now,but not in the future)”; no
178、longer(not.any longer) 强调时间,表示动作不再延缓,一般是现在的情况同过去对比,即“过去如何如何,现在不再这样(once,but not now)”。She is not a child any longer.= She is no longer a child.她再也不是个孩子了。I wont do such stupid things any more.= Ill do such stupid things no more. 我(今后)再也不干这种蠢事了。【练习】1) We have grown up. We are not children _.A.no longe
179、r B.more longer C.any longer D.even longer提示: 我们已长大了,不再是孩子了。用no longer或not any longer与过去对比,表动作和状态不再延续。2) Excuse me,is this Mr Browns office?Im sorry,but Mr Brown _worked here.He left about three weeks ago.A.not now B.no more C.not still D.no longer 答案:D提示: no longer修饰延续性动词,如teach, live, work等,表示动作不再
180、延续; no more修饰非延续性动词,如come, go, make (the same mistake)等,表示动作不再次发生。3) As the saying goes,lost time will return _. A.no longer B.no more C.not any longer D.not any more提示: return为终止性动词，用no more修饰。句意: 正如俗话所说,失去的时光不再回来。答案:B4) If you delay paying us again,youll have _supplies of vegetables and meat.A.no
181、moreB.no longerC.not any moreD.not any longer答案:A提示: 如再拖延付款,就不会再得到蔬菜和肉类的供应。no more可作定语修饰名词,而no longer则不能。5）Will you give this message to Mr white, please?Sorry, I cant, he_ D _.来 A. doesnt any more work here B. doesnt any longer here workC. doesnt work any more here D. doesnt work here any longer20、
182、pass a law 通过一项法律 keep / obey the law 遵守法律 break the law 违反法律21、Would you mind showing me your ticket/if I saw your ticket? 请出示你的票好吗？ Would you mind.?后面接名词、动名词以及if引导的从句。if从句中要用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。但Do you mind后的if从句不用过去时态。 Do you mind if I smoke here? 我在这儿抽烟你介意吗？ I cant hear the news clearly.Would you mind i
183、f I turned up the radio? 我听不清新闻，你介意我把收音机音量调大点吗？归纳拓展：（1）mind sb. doing sth.介意某人做某事 mind your own business管你自己的事，别管闲事bear / keep sth./sb. in mind 记住某物，将某人记在心中make up ones mind下决心 be/go out of ones mind 发狂，发疯(2) 回答Would you mind 或 Do you mind.?问句时，一定要特别注意前后文的一致性，表“不介意”的答语有：Certainly not; Not at all; No
184、t a bit; No,go ahead; of course not表“介意”的答语有：Im sorry, but I do; Yes, I do mind; Im sorry, but youd better not。Would you mind over one seat? My wife and I want to sit together. ; Id like to help you.A.move;Yes B.moving;Of course not C.to move;Of course D.moving;Certainly解析: Would you mind.? 后面接n、v-i
185、ng及if从句；答语“Of course not”表示“当然不介意”。Sorry,do you mind if I smoke here? Yes, . A.you couldB.go ahead C. I doD.my pleasure解析: 句意为：对不起，你介意我在这里吸烟吗？介意。根据语境，答话人应该是拒绝了对方的请求，所以选择C项，表示“我 的确介意”。22、seaside n. 海滨，海边 辨析：cost, beach, shore, bank 与seaside辨析例句cost海岸（海陆相接之线）Looking down the plane, we can see the cost
186、.beach海滩（相对平坦，宜于游泳、日光浴等）I like lying on the beach, enjoying the sunbathshore海滨（笼统指平坦或突兀陡峭的岸边）He often walks on the shore,collecting shells.bank河流、湖泊的岸或堤Can you jump over to the opposite bank?seaside河边、海滨（特指游泳场、休闲地的海边、河滩）Were taking the children to the seaside this Sunday.23、I remember the day my fat
187、her tried to teach me how to ride a bicycle.我还记得那一天,我父亲尽力教我骑自行车。析：my father tried to teach me how to ride a bicycle是定语从句, 引导词when在口语中可省略;how to ride属“疑问词+to do”句式,在句中可作主语,宾语和表语,相当于一个名词性从句。例如:When to hold the meeting is unknown.=When we shall hold the meeting is unknown。什么时候开会还不知道。24、Traveling at a s
188、peed of over 400 kilometres per hour,the train can complete the 30-kilometer journey in eight minutes. 以 400 千米的时速,火车在 8 分钟内就完成了 30 千米的路程。 析：Traveling at a speed of over 400 kilms 是现在分词短语,作原因状语,与主语train是主动关系。at a/the speed of“以速度”。The car ran at a speed of 50 kilometers an hour.以50千米速度行驶。per hour 意“每小时”。 30-kilometer是合成形容词,作定语修饰journey。这样的合成形容词多作前置定语。如:a three-day trip一个三天的旅途,相当于a trip of three days。
