1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家M7 Unit 1Reading (2)The evolution of video and sound devices（Language points）Learning Aims:1. Improve English through doing a project.Important and difficult points:1. Learn something about how to make a list.2. Master the meanings and usages of some words and phrases.Learning proced
2、ures: Step 1 Remember the following important phrases. 1. shortly afterwards 不久之后2. contribute to 对作出贡献；促成；捐助；给写稿3. made a breakthrough in 在有突破4. in the late 1920s 在二十世纪二十年代晚期5.delayuntil 把推迟到6. in colour 彩色的7. make a recording of 录制8. wind up 上发条9. by hand 用手工10. play records 播放录音11. along with 和一道
3、12. with the development of 随着的发展13. benefit from 从受益14. keep pace with跟上步伐Step2 Word study1. drawback n. 缺点，缺陷；不利条件This is the one major drawback of the new system. 这是新系统的一大弊端。The main drawback to it is the cost. 它的主要缺点是成本高。 One drawback to living in Nanjing in summer is the heat.夏天住在南京的一个缺点就是炎热。注意
4、drawback 带后置定语时可以与介词of或to 搭配。2. principle n. 原理，法则；道德原则，行为准则 I refuse to lie about it; its against my principles. 我绝不为此事撒谎；那是违背我的原则的。 We stick to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly. 我们坚持人人都应该被平等对待这一原则。I take this seriously. Its a matter of principle. 我对此很认真。这是原则问题。 He doesnt do suc
5、h things on principle. 他根据自己的信条，不做这类事情。 They have agreed to the proposal in principle but we still have to negotiate the terms. 他们基本上同意了那项提议，但我们仍须商定条件。知识拓展on principle 出于道德准则against ones principles 违背某人的行为准则in principle 按道理，在理论上；原则上，基本上，大体上3. construct vt. 建造；修筑，建筑；创建，组成 It took them two years to co
6、nstruct the bridge. 他们用了两年时间建这座桥。 The board of directors decided to construct a new communication network. 董事会决定建立一个新的通信网。知识拓展construction n. 建造，建设；建造物，建筑物；结构construct a theory/diagram/plan 创立理论；绘制图表；作出规划 be constructed from/of/out of 由建成under construction 在建造中These buildings are constructed entirel
7、y of concrete and glass.这些建筑物完全是由混凝土和玻璃建成的。 They constructed a shelter out of fallen branches. 他们用败落下的枯树枝搭了个棚子。The new school is still under construction. （=The new school is still being constructed）新学校还在建造中。 辨析build, construct, found, establish, set up 这些动词均有“建设，建立，建造”之意。build是普通用词，含义广泛，可指一切具体或抽象的建
8、造或建立。construct是较正式用词，强调根据一定计划进行的规模较大，结构较复杂，要求高技术的建造。found侧重打下基础或创办，具体或抽象事物均可用。establish着重强调稳固地建成，可具体指国家、政府、学校或商店等的建立，也指信仰、信用、名誉、法律、制度、规则等的建立。set up 作“建立”用时，侧重于“开始”。可指具体或抽象的建立。4. delay （1）vt. & vi. （使）推迟，（使）延迟The accident delayed the train for two hours. 事故使火车耽搁了两小时。We decided to delay our wedding un
9、til next year. 我们决定把婚礼推迟到明年。I have to delay answering his question.我得推迟回复他的问题。（2）n. 延误，延迟；延误（或延迟）的时间My doctor advised me to give up smoking without delay. 我的医生劝我立即戒烟。 Heavy fog is causing serious delays of all incoming flights. 浓雾造成了降落班机严重的误点。知识拓展delay doing sth 推迟做某事delayuntil 把推迟到without delay（=im
10、mediately）立刻，立即注意delay的意思为“推迟”，“延期”，相当于put off，其后通常接名词，动名词作宾语。 5. accessible adj. 可使用的；可见到的；可到达的；易理解的 be accessible to sb. 某人可以接触/看到The remote desert area is accessible only by helicopter. 只有乘直升机才能进入那遥远的荒漠地区。 These documents are not accessible to the public. 公众无法看到这些文件。知识拓展access n. 接近，进入；接近的机会,进入的权
11、利；使用；通道，入口，门路be easy /hard/ difficult of access 容易/难以/接近give access to 接见；准许出入have /gain/get/obtain access to 接近，会见，进入.，使用The only access to their house is along that narrow road. 只有沿着那条狭窄的路走才能到达他们的房子。 He is a man of easy access.他是个平易近人的人。Citizens may have free access to the library.市民可以自由使用图书馆。6. d
12、istribute vt. 分发；分配；发送；分销The mother distributed candy among children. 母亲给孩子们发糖果。The Red Cross distributed food and tents to the earthquake victims.红十字会向地震灾民分发了视频和帐篷。Some types of plants are widely distributed. 有些植物分布得很广。This species of butterfly is widely distributed over our country. 这种蝴蝶在我国分布很广。 T
13、heir company distributes our products in Australia.他们公司在澳大利亚经销我们的产品。知识拓展distribution n. 分发；分配；发送；（商品）经销，分销distribute sth. to/among sb. 向某人分发某物7. sceptical (Am skeptial) adj. 怀疑的 I am sceptical about his chances of winning. 我怀疑他取胜的可能性。 The public remain sceptical of these claims. 公众对这些说法仍持怀疑态度。 She l
14、ooked highly sceptical. 她一脸深表怀疑的神色。知识拓展sceptically adv. 怀疑地，不相信地be sceptical about/of sth. 对怀疑be sceptical that 怀疑1.contribute to为作出贡献，捐助，帮助；促成，是的成因之一；为写稿How much did you contribute to the relief fund? 你为那笔救济金捐了多少? Your suggestion has greatly contributed to the accomplishment of our work. 你的建议大大地促进了
15、我们工作的完成。 She has been contributing to the paper 她一直在为这家报社写稿知识拓展contribute vt.& vi. 捐款，捐献,贡献；有助于；投稿 contribution n. 贡献，促成作用；捐款，捐献物；投稿make a contribution to 对作出贡献3. benefit from受益于，从中得到好处It is likely that people will benefit from the new invention.很可能人们从这项新发明中得到好处。I have benefited a lot from extensive
16、 reading. 广泛的阅读使我受益匪浅。知识拓展benefit vt.& vi. 有益于 n. 利益；福利，好处beneficial adj. 有用的，有益的，有好处的beneficially adv. 有用地，有益地，有好处地be of benefit to = be beneficial to 对有益 for the benefit of 为了的利益The new regulations will be of benefit to us all.新规则对我们大家都有好处。Step 3 Important sentence 1.Regular public broadcasting fo
17、llowed shortly afterwards, first beginning on 11 May 1928 in New York and on 20 August 1929 in London.之后不久便开始向公众定期播放，在纽约开播时间是1928年5月11日，在伦敦是1929年8月20日。本句中first beginning on 11 May 1928 in New York and on 20 August 1929 in London为现在分词短语，用作非限制性定语，修饰主语Regular public broadcasting。当分词作定语时，与所修饰的名词之间是主动关系，
18、用现在分词；与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词。There is a great deal of evidence indicating that music activities are helpful to the development of a childs different parts of the brain.大量的证据表明音乐活动有助于孩子的大脑不同部位的开发。They live in a house built in the early 1980s.他们住在20世纪八十年代早期建的房子里。2. John Logie Baird constructed the firs
19、t colour TV in 1928, but it was not until 1938 that the first colour TV programme was broadcast. 1928年 约翰洛吉贝尔德组装了第一台彩色电视机，但是直到1938年才进行首次彩色电视节目播放。(1)在本句中，not.until“直到才”用于强调句，其强调结构为：It was not until that 。It was not until midnight that I could go to sleep.我直到半夜才得以入睡。It was not until my mother had prep
20、ared supper that I got home.直到妈妈晚饭做好了我才到家。(2) not until放在句首，引起部分倒装。Not until last week did they find the lost bike. 直到上个星期他们才找到失踪的自行车。 Not until he had graduated from university did he realize the importance of time. 直到大学毕业了他才意识到时间重要性。知识拓展（1)强调句的基本结构：It is / was +被强调部分+ that/who+其他成分。It is a profess
21、or from Nanjing Normal University that/who is going to give us a lecture. 一位来自南京师范大学的教授要给我们做报告。（2)强调句的一般疑问句式：Is/Was it+被强调部分+ that/who+其他成分？Was it in Sydney that you saw some kangaroos?你们是在悉尼看到袋鼠的吗？（3)强调句的特殊疑问句式：疑问代词/疑问副词+is/was+it+that+其他部分？When was it that you arrived at the airport ?你是什么时候到达机场的？3
22、. They also make TV accessible to people who live far away from cities, and so satellite dishes can often be seen distributed throughout the countryside and remote areas.他们还使得住在远离城市的人们收看到电视，所以碟形卫星天线常常可以被看到分布在乡村和偏远地区。（1）本句是由and连接的两个并列分句，第一个分句含有“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，who引导定语从句，修饰people；第二个分句谓语see用被动语态，dist
23、ributed 是主语的补足语，其主动形式是“see+宾语+宾语补足语”。此处distribute与补足语satellite dishes之间是被动关系，故用过去分词。（2）make“致使，迫使，使得”，其后面的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词、名词、介词短语等。Her performance at the party made her very popular among the students. 她在晚会上的表演使她深受学生们的欢迎。Students complain that they are made to do to much homework every day
24、.学生抱怨每天必须做太多的作业。The Internet makes it possible for people to communite with each other more conveniently. 因特网使得人们之间的联系更加便利。注意make后面带不定式作补足语时，在主动语态中，用不带to的不定式，但在被动语态中，用带to的不定式。感官动词see，hear，watch，notice，feel，observe等也有类似用法。4. It all began in 1877, when Thomas Edison made the first recording of a human
25、 voice on his invention, the record player.一切始于1877年，这一年托马斯爱迪生在他的发明录音机上录下了人的声音。本句为复合句，when引导定语从句，修饰先行词1877。此处作非限制性定语。The old scientist return from abroad in 1949, when the Peoples Republic of China was founded.这位老科学家1949年从国外回来，这一年中华人民共和国成立。Step 4 Homework1. Read the text and learn the langage points by heart.2. To complete A1 and A2 on page 98 of the Workbook.- 6 - 版权所有高考资源网
