1、 阅读 Reading for writing 中的材料，选择最佳答案。1Why did many people oppose driverless cars?ABecause they think new technology is unnecessary.BBecause they think driverless mode is dangerous.CBecause they are the families of the deceased.DBecause the company didnt apologise for the accident.2.What can we learn
2、about the Amish?AThey live happily in the absence of new technology.BThey would like to live in large and polluted cities.CThey are proud of owning cars and using the Internet.DThey want to follow the lives of the rich and famous.3.What makes finding opportunities in life much easier?AA driverless c
3、ar in the city.BThe absence of new technology.CThe weathertracking programme.DThe Internet.4.What is the last paragraph mainly about?AThe writers benefits from new technology.BThe importance of technological advances.CThe social media network.DThe scary side of change.【答案】14 BADA Words And Phrases知识
4、要点1 combine vt.&vi.(使)结合；混合(教材 P16)Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system.也要小心地将这些大楼和周围的建筑结合起来，形成一个有效的系统。例 1 She successfully combines her career with family life.她成功地兼顾事业和家庭。例 2 Let us combine our firms against our competito
5、rs.让我们把公司联合起来，对付和我们竞争的公司。翻译 理论和实践应该结合好，这让一个学生成为合格的学习者。Theory and practice should be well combined,it makes a student a qualified learner.知识拓展(1)combine.with/and.把与结合起来 combine.into.把合成(2)combination n.结合；联合；化合(物)即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 The club is supported by a combination(combine)of people from all social
6、 classes.We cant always combine work with/and pleasure.他们把两个小店合成一个大的。They combined the two small shops into a big one 小片段填空 The relay is the most exciting race in track and field competition,a combination of speed and technique,and the ability to combine individual running with team precision in pas
7、sing the baton.在径赛与田赛项目中，接力赛是最激动人心的比赛。它是速度与技术的结合，个人速度与团队准确传递接力棒之能力的结合。知识要点2 predict vt.预测；预言；预料(教材 P18)Words such as predict,prediction,and forecast,are also used quite often when making predictions.像 predict,prediction 和 forecast 这样的词在进行预测时也经常使用。例 1 I cannot predict when to meet her again.我无法预测什么时候
8、会再见到她。例 2 She predicted that he would marry a doctor.她预言他会同一位医生结婚。翻译 我最喜欢历史，因为它有助于我鉴往知来。I like history most,because it helps me to predict the future by reviewing the past.知识拓展 predict从句 预测 predict n.to do.预测做 It is predicted that.据预测 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 This trend can be predicted to continue(continue)
9、throughout 2020 and well into 2030.It is predicted(predict)that the number of people who can benefit from his research will come to 1，000，000 a year.要准确地预言这会有什么影响是不可能的。It is not possible to predict with certainty what effect this will have 知识要点3 oppose vt.反对；抵制；阻挠(教材 P20)In the article,various peopl
10、e said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars.在这篇文章中，很多人说公众应该反对开发无人驾驶汽车。例 1 The old man cant bear anyone in the family to oppose him.这位老人决不能容忍家里有人违抗他。例 2 We totally oppose the use of gas to kill any animal.我们完全反对使用毒气杀害任何动物。翻译 政府号召工人反对浪费。The government called on the work
11、ers to oppose waste 知识拓展(1)oppose(doing)sth.object to(doing)sth.反对(做)某事(2)opposed adj.反对的；对立的 be opposed to(doing)sth.be against(doing)sth.反对(做)某事(to 为介词)as opposed to 而，相对于(表示对比)即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换 We oppose settling(settle)the dispute of South China Sea by force.Many old men are opposed to cutting(cut
12、)down the 100-year-old tree for rebuilding a shopping center.This exercise develops suppleness(柔韧性)as opposed(oppose)to strength.Do you oppose my speaking to him about it？Are you opposed to my speaking to him about it?【名师点津】“反对(做)某事”的多种表达：be opposed to(doing)sth./oppose(doing)sth./object to(doing)st
13、h./be against(doing)sth.反对(做)某事 知识要点4 absence n不存在；缺乏；缺席(教材 P20)On the one hand,there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology.一方面，世界上有许多不同的群体，他们在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活着。例 1 A major problem is the absence of water.主要的问题是缺水。例 2 My father did all t
14、he cooking in my mothers absence.以前妈妈不在家时都是爸爸做饭。翻译 关于他缺席的原因有很多传言。There has been much gossip about the possible reasons for his absence 知识拓展(1)absence from.缺席；没参加 absence of mind 心不在焉 during/in ones absence(in the absence of sb.)当某人缺席/不在的时候(2)absent adj.缺席的，不在的 be absent from 缺席，不在 absentminded adj.心
15、不在焉的 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 Mr.White has been absent from work for days,so he knows nothing about our plan.Her absence of mind during driving nearly caused an accident.Please look after my house during my absence(absent)他经常缺课都是因为他的病。His frequent absence from school is all because of his illness.【图形助记】小片段填空
16、 Many elderly people would,however,like to own a pet but sadly suitable support in the form of daily care，housing or finance is absent 然而，许多老年人喜欢养宠物，但遗憾的是，在日常护理、合适的住房或财务方面缺乏适当的支持。知识要点5 advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护 n提倡者；支持者；拥护者(教材 P20)They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work,family,and commu
17、nity.他们提倡简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。例 1 I dont advocate doing such things.我不主张干这样的事情。例 2 These policies have been widely advocated.这些政策已得到广泛的拥护。翻译 我不支持建立大工厂。I do not advocate building large factories 知识拓展(1)advocate doing sth.主张/提倡做某事 advocate宾语从句(从句谓语用 should动词原形，should 可省略)(2)an advocate for/of 的支持/拥护者 即学
18、即练单句语法填空/完成句子 Many experts advocate rewarding(reward)your child for good behaviour.People advocate that something(should)be done(do)to protect the environment.People advocate doing(do)something to protect the environment.他是一个提倡多造飞机、少造军舰的人。He is an advocate for/of more planes and fewer warships.知识要点6
19、 keep in touch(with.)(与)保持联系；了解(某课题或领域的情况)(教材 P20)Moreover,the Internet has made it possible for friends and family tokeep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world.此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。例 1 Were a tight group,so we do keep in touch.我们关系很好，所以的确保持着联系。例 2 We must keep in
20、 touch with what is happening in foreign countries.我们必须了解国外的动态。翻译 你离开后，要确保与我联系。Be sure to keep in touch with me while you are away.知识拓展 get in/into touch with 和取得联系 lose touch with 和失去联系；对变得生疏 be in touch with 同有联系；了解的情况 be out of touch with 同失去联系；与没有通信 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 Ive lost touch with all my old
21、 friends.Im trying to get in/into touch with Jane.Do you have her number?实话告诉你，我和大部分的老朋友都失去了联系。To be frank with you,Ive been out of touch with most of my old friends.保安人员与当地警方保持密切联系。The security staff were in close touch with the local police.知识要点7 resist vi.&vt.抵制；反抗；抵挡(教材 P20)Nevertheless,I will a
22、lways look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it.然而，我总是会看到变化积极的一面，接受它，而不是抵制它。例 1 I was not strong enough to resist his offer.我不够坚定，抵抗不了他的好意。例 2 Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。翻译 我忍不住把那个秘密告诉了他。I couldnt resist telling him
23、 the secret 知识拓展(1)resist sb./sth.抵抗/抵制某人/某物 resist doing sth.抵制做某事 cant resist/help doing sth.情不自禁做某事(2)resistance n.抗拒，反对(3)resistant adj.抵抗的，有抵抗力的 be resistant to.对有抵抗力 即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 As they suppose,there has been a lot of resistance(resist)to this plan.Some government officials werent resistan
24、t to the temptation of money,and were punished by law in the end.她到那里时，禁不住想走进去。When she got to the place,she could not resist going in 如果我们抵触那些被列为不开心的事情，这会导致更多的抗拒，也就会导致更多的不开心。When we resist the feelings that we categorize as unpleasant,it simply causes more resistance,leading to greater unhappiness.
25、Sentence Patterns重点句式1 现在分词作定语(教材 P20)Probably the most well known are the Amish,a group of Christians living in rural America.最著名的可能是阿米什人，一群生活在美国农村的基督徒。句式分析：现在分词短语 living in rural America 作名词 Christians 的后置定语。例 1 Barking dogs seldom bite.爱叫的狗很少咬人。例 2 The bottle containing the poison was sent to the
26、 laboratory.盛毒品的瓶子被送到实验室。翻译 正在隔壁唱歌的那个女孩是我的同学。The girl singing in the next room is my classmate.知识拓展(1)现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。(2)单个现在分词作定语，放在所修饰词的前面，而现在分词短语作定语则放在所修饰词的后面。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 Make less noise.Theres a sleeping(sleep)child.There is a note on the door saying(say)“On Holid
27、ay”你认识那个正与你父亲交谈的人吗？Do you know the man talking to your father?等着见到那位著名演员的女孩是我的同学。The girl waiting to see the famous actor is my classmate.重点句式2 make it.(for sb.)to do.(教材 P20)Moreover,the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides
28、of the world.此外，互联网使朋友和家人很容易保持联系，即使他们在世界的两端。句式分析：句中 made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch 为“make it.(for sb.)to do.”结构，意为“使(某人)做(某事)成为”，形容词 possible 是宾语补足语。例 1 He made it his objective in life to find the island.他把找到那座岛屿当成自己的人生目标。例 2 Rising costs made it hard to carry on the busin
29、ess.上涨的成本使得生意难做。翻译 她是外国人的事实使得她在那个国家很难找到工作。The fact that she was foreign made it difficult for her to get a job in that country.知识拓展 在 make it.(for sb.)to do.结构中，it 是形式宾语，to do.是真正的宾语。常用这种结构的动词还有 find,feel,think,consider 等。即学即练完成句子 他发现学好一门外语是不容易的。He found it not easy to learn a foreign language well.
30、他无论在哪里，都把每天跑步一小时当作规定去执行。Wherever he is,he makes it a rule to do running for an hour every day.她认为好好照顾她生病的母亲是她的责任。She feels it her duty to take good care of her sick mother 重点句式3 as 引导原因状语从句(教材 P20)It has also made finding opportunities in life much easier,as it allows people to make larger networks
31、of friends through using social media.它还让人们在生活中寻找机会更容易，因为它让人们通过使用社交媒体结交更多的朋友。句式分析：as 引导原因状语从句，既可放在主句前也可放在主句后。一般来说，as 引导原因状语从句表示双方都知道的原因。例 1 As you werent there I left a message.因为你不在那里,我留了个信儿。例 2 We decided to cement our garden as we do not like flowers.我们决定把花园铺上水泥，因为我们不喜欢花。翻译 每个人都喜欢他，因为他诚实。Everyone
32、 likes him,as he is honest 知识拓展(1)引导时间状语从句，意为“当时；一边一边；随着”。(2)引导方式状语从句，意为“正如；就像”。(3)引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”，从句应倒装。(4)引导比较状语从句，表示“像一样地”。即学即练完成句子 因为又下起雨来了，我们只好待在家里了。As its raining again,well have to stay at home.他匆匆忙忙回家去，一边走一边回头望。He hurried home,looking behind as he went 告诉你怎么做你就怎么做，否则你会被解雇的。Do as you are t
33、old to,or youll be fired.她虽然聪明，但不是很有洞察力。Intelligent as/though she was,she had not much insight.间接信息题间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对原文信息进行加工或整理(“断章取义”)后得出结论。【例文】The main reason for this is the drivers,who are called“cabbies”Many of them are true Cockneys.This means they were born in the heart of Lo
34、ndon and speaktheir own special dialect(方言)of English.All of them know every street and famousbuilding in the city,and all of them love to talk.A simple twentyminute Journey across town can become very interesting.You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk abou
35、t the drivers Aunty Nellie!One thing is for sure,it will never be boring.Cabbies know all the latest news about film stars,the Royal Family,government leaders,and popular singers or actors and actresses.From what can we tell that someone is a Cockney?ATheir interest.BTheir manners.CTheir speech.DThe
36、ir appearance.试题特点 间接理解题答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话，而是使用与文中同义或近义的词语来表达。学生需对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进一步推理鉴别，也可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。解题思路 Step 1：确定题干中的关键词(题干黑体字)Step 2：根据关键词定位信息句(中句)Step 3：尝试解答根据信息句可知，真正的 Cockneys 出生在伦敦，说伦敦特殊的方言，对伦敦地理熟悉且喜欢交谈。所以通过一个人的说话就能判断是不是 Cockney。故选 C。针对性练习 Other cultures can be different fr
37、om ours in many aspects!They can eat different foods and live in different types of houses.People probably speak different languages and have beliefs and customs very different from yours.However,they can also be similar in ways of connecting with each other.We sometimes call these means of communic
38、ation universal languages.Some legends hold that,thousands of years ago,there was a single language spoken by everyone on Earth.It is fun to think about a time when everyone may have been able to communicate in the same language though historical evidence does not support this,of course.Today,there
39、are thousands of languages spoken around the world.Yet,there aresome means of communication that go beyond words and allow people of wildly different backgrounds to communicate and share emotions and feelings.For example,some people believe music is a universal language.There may be some scientific
40、support for this idea,too.Experts have learned that,across cultures,people can recognize three common emotions in music：happiness,sadness and fear.So what other types of universal languages might there be?Some people believe dance is a universal language.Along with music,dancing seems to be a common
41、 interest shared by peoples all over the world.Do you think you could see a dance from another culture and make some reasonable guesses about the ideas and emotions behind it?We bet you could!Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math!If you think about it now,though,it ju
42、st makes sense.The value of pi is roughly 3.14159 no matter where you are on Earth,likewise,figuring out the value of something involves the same mathematical calculations,regardless of whether youre counting in dollars,pesos or coconuts.1Why is music regarded as a universal language?AIt can be enjo
43、yed by people from all walks of life.BIt can be understood more easily than languages.CIt usually comes from different backgrounds.DIt helps people to share common feelings.D 根据第三段中的 Experts have learned that,across cultures,people can recognize three common emotions in music：happiness,sadness and f
44、ear.(专家们了解到，在不同的文化中，人们可以识别音乐中的三种常见情感：快乐，悲伤和恐惧)可知，音乐被认为是一种通用的语言，因为它帮助人们分享共同的感情。故 D 选项正确。2.What are the universal languages according to the passage?AMath,English and music.BMusic,dance and math.CHistory,culture and music.DEmotion,song and music.B 根据第三段中的 For example,some people believe music is a universal language.及第四段中的 Some people believe dance is a universal language.和第五段中的 Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math！可知，音乐、舞蹈和数学被认为是通用语言。故 B 选项正确。
