1、第八讲 定语从句和名词性从句1.（2014吉林一中开学验收）_ he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.A. What B. That C. Which D. How【解析】A句意：他在会议上说的话令在场的每一个人都感到震惊。此处what引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语。that不在从句中作成分；which表示“哪一个”；how表示方式，均不符合题意。2.（2014山东枣庄期中模拟） “Do not do to others _ you do not want done to yourself”, as Confucius once
2、said. A. what B. that C. which D. who【解析】A 考查宾语从句。 句意：正如孔子所说的“己所不欲，勿施于人。”to others 意为“对他人来说”， do的宾语由句子充当，宾语从句太长，于是放在了to others的后面，“ you do not want done to yourself”是宾语从句，want 后缺少宾语，用what引导宾语从句，故选A。3. （2014山东枣庄期中模拟） His jokes didnt even raise a smile, _ was embarrassing. A. which B. it C. what D. th
3、at【解析】A 考查定语从句。句意：他讲的笑话一点也不好笑，这真令人尴尬。what 不引导定语从句，it不能引导从句，故排除B，C两项。根据逗号可知，是非限定性定语从句，不能用that引导，排除D。which引导非限定性定语从句，这里指整个主句，故选A。4. （2014山东枣庄期中模拟）The thought came to him _ Mary had probably fallen ill.A. what B. which C. that D. If【解析】 C 考查同位语从句。thought意为“想法”，后跟that引导的同位语从句，对tought进行补充说明。类似的词还有idea, f
4、act, question等。5.（2014山东潍坊实验中学模拟）The tourists, _ had enjoyed themselves so much in the botanic garden, were worn out A. all of what B. all of which C. all of them D. all of whom【解析】D 考查定语从句。句意：所有在植物园玩的很愉快的游客都累坏了。先行词是the tourists,定语从句中使用代词all+of+关系代词，因为是指人，故排除A、B两项，代词them不是关系代词，故选D。6.（2014 山东潍坊实验中学模拟
5、）_ makes the film so attractive is that the grand scene and moving plots are so beautiful . A. That B. What C. It D.Which【解析】B 考查主语从句。句意：使这个电影如此有吸引力的是那宏大的场景和感人的情节是如此的美丽。is 是这句话的谓语，前面是主语从句，主语从句缺少主语，用what引导主语从句，that 可以引导主语从句，但是that不做成分，it不能引导主语从句，which“哪个”，亦不引导。因此选B。7.（2014山东潍坊实验中学模拟）The real-name pol
6、icy for train tickets has been applied to all trains since January l, 2012 in China, _ will make it easy for people to get tickets. A. which B. when C. what D. where【解析】A 考查定语从句。句意：从2012年1月1号中国所有的火车都采用火车票实名制，这使得人们购买票更方便。根据横线前的逗号可知，是非限制性定语从句，what不能引导定语从句，排除C。定语从句缺少主语，这里指“火车票实名制”这件事，用which，故选A。8.（2014
7、 四川雅安中学模拟）Constant practice has erased my accent to a point _ people think Im a native speaker.A. that B. which C. in which D. at which 【解析】D 考查定语从句。句意：经常练习使我的口音到了一个人们认为我是当地人的阶段。这是定语从句，先行词是a point，point和介词at搭配，所有用at which引导定语从句，选D。9.（2014陕西长安一中模拟）Some college students are seen doing _ work they can
8、findto support themselves. A.that B.which C.whatever D.no matter what 【解析】C 考查名词性从句。句意：一些大学生被看见为了养活自己做他们能找到的任何工作。这里do后面是宾语从句，宾语从句中缺少定语，whatever可以做定语，连接宾语从句，that不能做定语，which意为“哪个”，不符合句意，no matter what只能引导让步状语从句。选C。10.（2014 河南周口中英文学校模拟）You fix my what? It was to get my brakes repaired _I brought my car
9、 in, not to get the engine replaced!A. so that B. whenC. that D. because【解析】C 考查主语从句。句意：你修了我的什么东西？我带来的是修刹车，不是换发动机的！这里是it做形式主语，that引导的是真正的主语从句，选C。11.（2014湖南湘中名校联考）We do have the most supportive parents and teachers, _ will make a difference to our study, unless all of us make every effort .A. none of
10、 them B. all of them C. none of whom D. all of whom 【解析】C 考查定语从句。句意:我们有最支持我们的父母和老师，如果我们不努力，谁对我们的学习也没有多大的作用。逗号前后都是句子，这里缺少连词，故排除A、B；这是定语从句，先行词是parentsandteachers,从句缺少的是主语，noneofwhom他们中没有，allofwhom他们所有的人，根据句意故选C。12.（2014湖南师大附中模拟）The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that f
11、ar-away village. A. until B. that C . when D. where【解析】C 考查定语从句。这句话的意思是：这部电影使我回忆起我在那偏远的村庄得到无微不至的照顾的时光。修饰先行词thehours,when引导定语从句，when在从句中作状语。选C。 13.（2014北京101中学高三模拟） That George will marry Alice, _ has not been announced yet, has spread around. A. thatB. whichC. whatD. who【解析】B 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：彼得要娶爱丽丝这件
12、事还没宣布，却已传的沸沸扬扬。Which引导非限定性定语从句，修饰前面的句子：That George will marry Alice, which在定语从句中做主语，that不能引导定语从句，that不能引导定语从句，who指人，选B。14.（2014北京101中学高三模拟）Even if there is no scientific proof _ secondhand smoke causes cancer, there is no reason why nonsmokers should be forced to take this risk.A. whichB. thatC. whe
13、n D. where【解析】B 考查同位语从句。句意：即使没有科学证据证明二手烟能致癌，但非吸烟者也没有理由要去冒这个险。that 引导的是同位语从句，说明proof内容，that不做成分，只起到连接的作用。选B。15.（2012北京市西城区模拟）The Great Wall is the place _ almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing. A. whyB. which C. when D. where【解析】B 考查定语从句，先行词place 在从句中作谓语动词visit的宾语，所以要用关系代词
14、which。如果不注意分析句子的结构，就会受思维定势干扰而误选D。16.（2012上海青浦高三期终调研）Researchers are now conducting hibernation experiments and can use chemicals to put living cells into sleep-like state_ they dont age. A. for whichB. thatC. whereD. which【解析】C 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词state在这里表示状态，属于抽象的地点，语境为：在这种状态下，这些细胞不会衰老，所以用where相当于in whi
15、ch。17.（2012北京市西城区第一学期期末）The Great Wall is the place _ almost all touristswould like to visit when they come to Beijing. A. why B. which C. when D. where【解析】B 考查定语从句，先行词place 在从句中作谓语动词visit的宾语，所以要用关系代词which。如果不注意分析句子的结构，就会受思维定势的干扰而误选D。18.（2012顺义区高三尖子生综合素质展示）American Thanksgiving Day, _ falls on Nov.
16、24 this year, takes on an entirely different look in China.A. that B. when C. which D. what【解析】C 考查定语从句。代替先行词Thanksgiving Day，在从句中作主语，引导一个定语从句，所以用which。19.（2012江苏南通高三期末）The project is based on an agreement, one of_ purposes is to ensure that the project can be accomplished before the deadline.A. who
17、se B. which C. its D. what【解析】A 考查定语从句关系词。代替指物的先行词，在从句中作定语修饰名词purposes，所以用关系代词whose。20.（2012云南部分名校二次统考）My desk-mate, Beth comes from a tradition _ peopledress up for particularly popular sporting events.A. when B. where C. how D. why【解析】B 考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词为tradition，所以用where，在从句中作抽象的地点状语，相当于in which。2
18、1.（2012金华十校期末）Im always busy with my work, so occasions are quite rare _ I can spend the whole day with my kids A. when B. that C. why D. in which【解析】A 考查定语从句关系词。代替表示时间的先行词occasions（场合、时刻），在从句中作时间状语，相当于on which，所以选when。句意：我一直忙于工作，所以很少有整晚和孩子们呆在一起的时刻。22.（2012 枣庄期末）I made friends with Tom during his st
19、ay in Beijing, _ he was studying Chinese in a university there.A. which B. that C. when D. where【解析】C 考查的定语从句关系词。引导一个非限制性定语从句，代替指时间的先行词during his stay，在从句中国作时间状语，所以用when,相当于in which。句意：在汤姆逗留北京期间我们交上了朋友，那个时候在北京的一所大学学习中文。23.（2012泰安期末）The companions with _ my brother associates are friendly and warm-he
20、arted. A.whom B. which C. that D. them【解析】A 考查定语从句的用法。句意：我弟弟交的伙伴很友好还是热心肠。先行词是the companions，associate with“与交往”，介词with提到了前面，故用介词+whom的用法。24.（2012聊城五校联考）They have started an investigation, _ are being kept secret. A. the details of which B. of which the detailsC. whose the details D. the details of i
21、t【解析】A 考查定语从句。the details of which 相当于whose details。句意：他们开始了一项研究，细节被保密。25. （2012上海青浦高三期终调研）Researchers are now conducting hibernation experiments and can use chemicals to put living cells into sleep-like state _ they dont age. A. for which B. that C. where D. which【解析】C 考查定语从句关系词。先行词state在这里表示状态，属于抽
22、象的地点，语境为：在这种状态下，这些细胞不会衰老，所以用where相当于in which。26.（2012上海春招）Sailing across the ocean alone was an achievement _ took courage.A. what B. who C. which D. where【解析】C 考查定语从句的关系词。此处achievement在定语从句中作主语。句意：跨越大洋航行的本身就是一种需要勇气成就。27.（2012江西丰、樟、高、宜四市联考）A survey was conducted in Shanghai _interviewees were asked
23、if they wanted to be a factory worker A. when B. whether C. that D. where【解析】D 考查定语从句。先行词为survey，关系词在从句中作状语，因此使用关系副词，先排除B和C；空处表示在调查中因使用where，也可用in which。28.（2012 顺义素质展示） American Thanksgiving Day, _ falls on Nov. 24 this year, takes on an entirely different look in China.A. that B. when C. which D.
24、what【解析】C 考查定语从句。句意：今年11月24日的美国感恩节在中国呈现出一幅完全不同的面貌。本句中的“which falls on Nov. 24 this year”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词American Thanksgiving Day，关系代词which在从句中作主语。29.（2012 江西丰、樟、高、宜四市联考）The city was attacked by_ terrible weather_few citizens had ever experienced before A. so, as B. so, that C. such, that D. such, as
25、【解析】D 考查定语从句。第一空，空后接是”形容词+不可数名词”，因此使用such；第二空，experienced后缺少宾语，所以用as引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语。注意在suchthat结构中，that引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分。30.（2012九江一模）In our city there are several big public parks _ many people can go to enjoy the beautiful scenery. A. in which B. at which C. from which D. to which【解析】D 考查定语
26、从句的用法。句意：在我们的城市里有几个大的公园，许多人去那里欣赏美景。先行词是several big public parks，短语go to the parks介词to 提前，故用介词+which的用法。31.（2012吉林期末）My key is gone. Have you seen it anywhere?Oh, it is in the room _ we had a talk last night.A. that B. which C. where D. what【解析】C 考查定语从句。答语须遵循上文的要求。“你看见我钥匙吗？”“哦，在昨晚我们谈话的房间看过。”32.（2012宝
27、鸡一次质检）The wonderful moment, _we had been expecting for years, finallycame. A. which B. that C. what D. when【解析】A 考查定语从句的关系代词。代替指时间的先行词moment，作动词expect宾语，引导一个非限制性定语从句，所以用which。我们期待了多年的那个精彩的时刻终于到来了。33.（2012 吉林重点中学协作体高考适应性）Ill ask the teacher about the attributive clause. Im very puzzled about it.Thats
28、 just _ most of our classmates have doubt.A. what B. why C. where D. how【解析】C 句意：“我要问老师定语从句的问。我对它感到很困惑。”“那也是大部分同学有疑问的地方。”where引导的是表语从句，have doubt on/about“怀疑”，doubt后无介词，所以用where。34.（2012石家庄质检）Do you know the wasteland _ they used to play has been transformed into a theme park? A. that B. which C. he
29、re D. where【解析】D 考查关系副词引导的定语从句。代替表示地点先行词the wasteland，在从句中做地点状语，从句相当于they used to play on they used to play。35.（2012宁波八校联考）A housing bubble is an economic situation _ occurs when house prices rise much too fast.A. which B. where C. what D. why 【解析】A 考查关系代词引导的定语从句。指物的先行词situation在从句中作谓语动词occur的主语，所以用
30、关系代词which。句意：房地产泡沫是房屋价格增长过快时候出现的一种经济形势。不注意分析从句的结构，就会受定式思维的干扰而误选B。36.（2012西安一次质检）There was a tree in front of the house,_ owner was seen sitting under it, enjoying the shade. A.where B. whose C. which D. that【解析】B 考查关系代词whose 引导定语从句。代替指物的先行词the house，在从句中作定语，修饰owner，所以用关系代词whose，相当于the owner of which
31、。37.（2012厦门期末）December 17, 2011 was a sad day for the North Koreans, _ their top leader Kim Jung-il passed away unexpectedly. A. when B. that C. which D. who【解析】A 考查关系定语从句关系词的辨析。代词表示时间的先行词December 17, 2011,在从句中作时间状语，所以要用关系副词when。语境为：2011年12月17日对于北朝鲜人们来说是一个悲痛日子，那一天他们的最高领导人金正日意外辞世。38.（2012桐乡模拟）There a
32、re species living in the depths of the oceans _ we still know little. A. for which B. in which C. of what D. of which【解析】D 考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。代替指物的先行词species，在介词of 后作宾语，所以用冠词代词which，这里表达是我们对于这些物种一无所知，即know little of，所以选D。39.（2012合肥质检）A good advertisement often uses words _ people attach positive mea
33、nings.A. that B. which C. with which D. to which【解析】D 考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。根据attech的搭配确定介词用to，代词指物的先行词words，作介词to宾语用which。40.（2012宁德质检）The CCTV program, People Who Moved China, honors those _contributions should be remembered A. whose B.which C.their D. who【解析】A 考查关系代词引导的的定语从句。 代词指物的先行词People Who Moved
34、China（感动中国人物），作名词contributions定语，应该用关系代词whose。41.（2012南阳期终）The professor built a glass wall _ be could observe what was going on inside. A. in which B. where C. from which D. through which【解析】D 考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。表示“透过玻璃墙”，应该用介词through，在介词后作宾语代替指物的先行词a glass wall用关系代词which。句意：教授建了一堵玻璃墙，透过这堵墙能够观察到里面的一切
35、。42.（2012桐乡模拟）People in Zhejiang are proud of _ they have achieved in the past few years. A. thatB. which C. whatD. how【解析】C 考查名词性从句的引导词。引导一个宾语从句，并在从句中作谓语动词achieve的宾语，所以用what。句意：浙江人民对于近几年来他们所取得的成就感到骄傲。43.（2012江苏南通高三第期末调研）The sport then was a little different from _ we currently know as gymnastics.A.
36、 that B. what C. which D. where【解析】 B考查名词性从句引导词。引导一个名词性从句并作know的宾语，所以用what。44.（2012山东青岛高三期末检测）His father got him a job in a bank but soon it became clear _ he was not fit for that kind of work A. why B. what C. whether D. that【解析】D 考查名词性从句。该句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的句子，“he was not fit for that kind of work
37、”是一个陈述句，且结构完整，不缺少任何成分，所以用that引导。45.（2012上海春招） Despite the fact _ they lacked food, the explorers continued towards the goal.A. which B. that C. what D. whether【解析】B 考查同位语从句连接词。此处fact为抽象名词，其后的that从句为同位语从句。句意：尽管缺乏食物，但探险者们继续向目标进发。46.（2012 潍坊三县联考）All of us have already known _ she will choose is the opp
38、ortunity to go abroad.A. this B. that C. what D. which 【解析】 C 考查名词性从句。句意：我们都已经知道她将选择的是出国的机会。“what she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad”是宾语从句，在从句中，what she will choose是从句主语，what在主语从句中作choose的宾语。47.（2012泰安期末）He sold out all his stamps at _ he thought was a reasonable priceA.which B. that C.
39、 what D. as【解析】C 考查宾语从句的用法。句意：他把他所有的邮票以他认为合理价格卖掉了。介词at后面跟的是宾语从句，在从句中he thought是插入语，从句中缺主语，故用what。48.（2012北京四中期中）It is good manners to eat up_ is left in your plate.A. that B. what C. which D. all【解析】B 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处what在宾语从句中作主语。句意：吃干净你盘子里的剩东西是礼貌行为。49.（2012吉林重点中学适应）It even leaves the scientists in wo
40、nder _ they should call the newlyborn creature, which looks halfhuman and halfanimal.A. that B. why C. what D. how【解析】C 句意：这甚至使科学家们也困惑了，他们不知道叫这个看起来一半像人一半像动物新生动物什么。it是形式主语，此空引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾补，故选what。call sb. sth.为惯用词组。50.（2012牡一中期中） The volunteers soon reached _ was once an old hall, _ theworkers now u
41、se as a work shop.A. what; which B. which; where C. where; which D. what; where 【解析】A 考查名词性从句和非限制性定语从句。第一空引导一个主语从句并在从句中中作主语，所以用what，第二空代替指物的先行词an old hall，引导一个非限制性定语从句，所以用which。51.（2012九江一模）There is some doubt among people_ $ 749 is too much for aniphone 4.A. that B. whether C. what D. if【解析】B 考查同位语
42、从句的用法。句意：许多人怀疑是否花749美元买个苹果四太多了。There is some doubt whether.是个固定句型，doubt是名词，后面跟whether引导同位语从句。故选B项。52.（2012顺义素质展示） It is obvious that people hold different opinions about _voluntary services should be financially rewarded.A. that B. what C. how D. whether【解析】D 考查名词性从句的连接词。句意：显然人们对志愿服务是否应该得到经济报偿持有不同的观
43、点。此处whether表示“是否”。53. （2012 山东聊城临清模拟） Word comes _ free souvenirs will be given to _ comes firstA. what ; no matter whom B. that; whoeverC. which; whomever D. that ; no matter who【解析】B考查名词性从句（同位语从句和宾语从句）。空格及后面的句子是对主语word内容具体解释，所以用that引导。第二空引导的是一个名词性从句，并在从句中作主语，所以用whoever意思是：无论谁。no matter who也有此意，但只能
44、引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。54.（2012浙江调研）_ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto. A. It B. That C. Such D. What 【解析】D 考查名词性从句。句意：令人吃惊的是，在多伦多有这么多中国饭店。“What is surprising”是主语从句，what在从句中作主语。55.（2012吉林重点中学适应）Are you still thinking about yesterdays party?Oh, thats _.A. what makes
45、me feel excited B. whatever I fell excited aboutC. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited【解析】A考查表语从句。what引导名词性从句时，充当句子的成分，可作主语、宾语或表语，此中what引导的是表语从句，它在从句中作主语。56.（2012上海春招）Portable videophones will show us _ is happening at the other end of the line.A. which B. what C. how D. why【解析】B 考查宾语从句的连接词。此
46、处what在从句中作主语。句意：便携式可视电话可以给我们展示电话的另一端正在发生事。57.（2012枣庄期末）Faced with challenges, you should believe your courage is _ makes a difference.A. how B. that C. which D. what【解析】D 考查名词性从句的引导词。这里引导一个表语从句，在从句中做谓语动词make 的主语，所以用what。语境为：面对困难，你应该相信你的勇气是发挥很大作用因素。58.（2012宝鸡一次质检）I never doubted you could succeed in
47、setting a new worldrecord. A. whether B. if C. that D. what 【解析】C 考查宾语从句的引导词。谓语动词doubt前有否定词never修饰，所以要用that引导后面的宾语从句。23.（2012 西安一次质检）The reason for Toms failure in the exam was he didnt work hard. A. why B. because C. whether D. that【解析】D 考查表语从句的引导词。The reason why is that为固定句式，意思是：的原因是。句意：汤姆考试失败原因是他没有努力学习。60.（2012吉林重点中学适应）The fact _ this country spends more on its military than on education and health care combined is a serious and worrying thought.A. where B. which C. that D. why【解析】C 句意：这个国家在军队上的投入超过教育和健康投入总和，这一事实很严重也很令人担忧。that引导同位语从句，具体解释说明fact的内容。
