1、第16节语言学习(二).阅读理解AThe following are some tips on how to choose appropriate foreign language reading materials.Find the right level of difficulty.Find something that you can read with minimal use of a dictionary.If you have to refer to a dictionary too much，you will quickly get tired and confused when
2、 trying to put all pieces together.Fortunately，authentic texts range in difficulty from simplest to the most complex，so you can always find something that is appropriate for your level.Choose topics with which you are familiar.Familiarity with the topic will make it easier for you to guess the meani
3、ng of unfamiliar words and to compensate(弥补) for gaps in your linguistic knowledge.If you are a beginning or intermediate reader，choose short newspaper and magazine articles dealing with topics about which you have some knowledge.For instance，reading about a current event in your native language and
4、 then reading about it in the foreign language is a good way to begin reading foreign language newspapers.Choose materials that are of interest to you.Choose materials that you think you might be interested in.If you find the materials interesting，you will be more likely to continue readingand that
5、is already half the battle.For example，if you are planning to travel，read a guide about the country in the foreign language.If you are interested in the country where the language you are studying is spoken，subscribe a newspaper or a magazine from that country.Newspapers and magazines are particular
6、ly suitable for people learning to read because they offer something for everybody，contain texts of varying levels of difficulty，and usually have photos and illustrations.1Which of the following is NOT listed in the tips on choosing reading materials?ADifficulty level.BBackground knowledge.CThe leve
7、l of the native language.DYour own interest.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段第一句、第三段第一句及第四段第一句可知，选择合适的外语阅读材料需关注三个方面：难度、熟悉度以及兴趣所在。文章没有提及母语水平。故选C。2Which of the following statements about reading materials is TRUE according to the passage?AChoosing short newspaper and magazine articles is a suitable way for all readers
8、.BPhotos and illustrations can compensate for the gaps in readers knowledge about travel.CThe variety of newspaper and magazine articles can meet the needs of different readers.DReferring to a dictionary too much will help the readers understand the material better.答案C解析细节理解题。由最后一段末句可知，C项“报纸和杂志上的文章的
9、多样性可以满足不同读者的需求”与之相契合。故选C。3Which idiom can best explain the meaning of the underlined sentence?AA good beginning is half done.BNothing is impossible to a willing heart.CA bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.DNo pains，no gains.答案A解析句意理解题。本题要求用一句谚语来概括画线句子的意思。根据最后一段第三句可知，阅读自己感兴趣的材料，你就更可能继续读下去，这等于成
10、功了一半。A项意为“良好的开端是成功的一半”，可用来概括画线句的意思。B项意为“有志者事竟成”；C项意为“二鸟在林，不如一鸟在手”；D项意为“一分耕耘，一分收获”，均不符合文意。故选A。BThe worlds richest man might seem to have it all，but Bill Gates has one regret.The selfmade billionaire said he felt stupid for not knowing any foreign languages.Speaking in his third Ask Me Anything questi
11、onandanswer session for online forum Reddit，the Microsoft founder said that he wished he spoke French，Arabic or Chinese.He said，“I took Latin and Greek in high school and got As and I guess it helps my vocabulary.I keep hoping to get time to study one of theseprobably French because it is the easies
12、t.I did Duolingo for a while but didnt keep it up.”Gates，who is worth 79.3 billion，praised Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg for surprising an audience in Beijing when he spoke fluent Chinese.“Mark Zuckerberg amazingly learned Chinese and did a Q & A with Chinese studentsunbelievable，isnt it？” he sai
13、d.This isnt the first time for Gates to admit his regret over language.He also showed his habits at home and personal insights.Last February，Gates said he likes to do the dishes himselfto his own special standards every night and also told the interviewer that his wife，Melinda，would likely want Samu
14、el LJackson to play her husband in a biopic(传记片)He also admitted that he would pick up a 100 bill if he found it on the street.As he took the top spot on Forbes(福布斯) 28th Annual Billionaires list last year for the fourth time，he said he is pretty basic when it comes to spending on clothes and food，b
15、ut that he enjoys investing in shoes and racquets(网球拍) when he plays tennis.When asked a life lesson he had to learn the hard way，the billionaire said staying up too late is a habit he is still trying to break.“Dont stay up too late even if the book is really exciting.You will regret it in the morni
16、ng.I am still working on this problem，” he said.语篇解读文章主要讲了比尔盖茨给人们分享的关于生活的一些见解，并且提到他很遗憾没有掌握几门外语。4Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?AAn Interview with Bill GatesBHow Bill Gates SucceededCBill Gates RegretDThe Richest Billionaire答案C解析标题归纳题。文章主要讲了比尔盖茨遗憾的事情。故选C。5The underlined
17、part in Paragraph 8 may actually mean that .Ait is important to lay a good foundation of lifeBfood and clothing are basic needs for peoples lifeChe doesnt spend much money on food and clothesDhe never cares about buying food and clothing答案C解析句意理解题。画线句子意为：他表示在服装和食物方面他力求简单朴素，也就是说盖茨不会花过多的钱在吃穿上面。故选C。6Wh
18、at advice did Bill Gates give?AAvoid staying up too late.BBe a good language learner.CDo the dishes yourself at home.DPick up the 100 bills in the streets.答案A解析细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后两句可知，盖茨给人们的建议是避免熬夜。故选A。7Which of the following is true according to the passage?ABill Gates is also the founder of Facebook.
19、BBill Gates topped the list of Forbes 28 times.CBill Gates was good at learning languages in high school.DBill Gates wife wants Samuel to play a game with Gates.答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句“.I took Latin and Greek in high school and got As and I guess it helps my vocabulary.”可知，盖茨中学时很擅长语言学习。故选C。.七选五(2018江西
20、高三质检)Many students want to learn a foreign language well，but what must they do? In my opinion，in order to know a foreign language thoroughly，four things are necessary. 8 Secondly，we must be able to speak it ourselves correctly with confidence and without hesitation.Thirdly，we must be able to read th
21、e language，and fourthly，we must be able to write it. 9 There is no easy way to success in language learning.A good memory is a great help. 10 It is not much use learning by heart long lists of words and their meanings，studying the dictionary and so on. 11 If we are satisfied with only a few rules we
22、 have memorized，we are not really learning the language.“Learn through use” is a good piece of advice for those who are studying a new language.Practice is important. 12 AWe must learn by using the language.BTo master a foreign language is very important.CFirstly，we must understand the language when
23、 we hear it spoken.DWe must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.EWe must study how we have to do to learn a foreign language.FBut it is not enough only to memorize rules from a grammar book.GWe must practise speaking and writing the language whenever we can.语篇解读文章就如何学好一门外语给出了几点建
24、议。8答案C解析上一句提到：为了彻底地懂得一门外语，有四件事是必要的。下一句提到Secondly。故该空应是提到的第一件事。故C选项正确。9答案D解析上文提到：第四点：我们必须会写。故承接该句，D选项正确：我们必须能够造出语法正确的句子。10答案F解析上一句提到：好的记忆力很有帮助。下一句提到：只记住长长的单词表是没有很大用处的。该空承上启下，F选项正确：只记住语法书上的规则是不够的。11答案A解析由该段中的“Learn through useis a good piece of advice”可知，A选项正确：我们必须通过使用语言来学习。12答案G解析上一句提到：练习很重要。承接该句， G选
25、项正确：我们必须练习说和写。.短文改错(2018湖南G10教育联盟联考)Dear Roy，I am glad to receive your letter ask for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.Here are a little suggestions.First，it is important to take a Chinese course，as youll be able to learn the teachers and practice with your classmates.Then，it also helped to wa
26、tch TV and read books，newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possibly.Besides，it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs，so by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese words much easily than usual.You can also make more Chinese friends.He will tell you a lot about China or help
27、you learn Chinese.Try and write to me in Chinese the next time.Best wishes.Yours truly，Li Hua答案Dear Roy，I am glad to receive your letter for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.Here are a suggestions.First，it is important to take a Chinese course，as youll be able to learn the teachers and practic
28、e with your classmates.Then，it also to watch TV and read books，newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever .Besides，it should be a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs， by doing so youll learn and remember Chinese words 或 easily than usual.You can also make more Chinese friends. will tell you
29、a lot about China help you learn Chinese.Try and write to me in Chinese the next time.Best wishes.Yours truly，Li Hua语篇解读作者对于如何学好汉语给朋友提出了建议。13考查非谓语动词。letter后面的成分是定语，修饰your letter，your letter和ask之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故将aks改为asking。14考查形容词。a little修饰不可数名词。a few修饰名词复数。suggestions是复数，故将little改为few。15考查介词。l
30、earn from sb.意为“向某人学习”，是固定短语。故在learn后加from。16考查时态和主谓一致。该句介绍汉语课程的作用，应用一般现在时态。主语为第三人称单数it，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应用helps。故将helped改为helps。17考查形容词。whenever possible是whenever it is possible的省略形式，此处为形容词作表语。故将possibly改为possible。18考查连词。句意为：学唱汉语歌是一个好主意，因为通过这样做，你会比平常更容易地学习并记住汉字。根据句意，应将so改为because。19考查比较级。根据后面的than可知，该句
31、应用easily的比较级more easily。又因为much可以用来修饰比较级。故将much改为more或在much后加more。20考查代词。该句主语是上一句中的“Chinese friends”，代指复数名词应用they。故将He改为They。21考查连词。前后两句之间是顺承关系，不是选择关系，故应将or改为and。22考查冠词。next time 是相对现在而言的“下一次”， the next time 是相对过去某时而言的“下一次” 。该句是指相对现在而言的“下一次”，故应将the去掉。.书面表达(2018全国名校联盟冲刺卷)假定你叫李华，是英才中学的学生会主席，你校将接待一批来自英
32、国的学生到你校学习汉语。Mike发邮件询问你校的基本情况，请你给Mike回复邮件，内容要点如下：1学校介绍；2师资情况；3学生情况。注意：1词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3文中不得透露个人真实姓名和学校名称；4开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Dear Mike， Yours sincerely，Li Hua参考范文Dear Mike，Im Li Hua，the chairman of the Students Union of Yingcai Middle School.Welcome to our school to learn Chinese.Let me tell
33、you something about our school briefly.Our school，a key middle school with a history of more than 100 years，is located in a famous historical and cultural town.Consisting of two campuses，this school covers a total area of 400 square kilometers with more than 4,000 students and teachers.The beautiful
34、 school，wellknown for its excellent teachers，is also well equipped with modern facilities.With talented graduates entering famous universities every year，the school enjoys a good reputation.Wish you an enjoyable trip here!Looking forward to your coming!Yours sincerely，Li Hua段中设空题(2018全国)Color is fun
35、damental in home designsomething youll always have in every room.A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in.Do you want a room thats full of life？Professional？Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？ 36 ，color
36、 is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years，there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 ，they can get a little complex.But good news is that therere really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about c
37、olor in your home：the small ones，the medium ones，and the large ones. 38 .Theyre the little spots of color like throw pillows，mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms.Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa，small color cho
38、ices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas，dinner tables or bookshelves. 39 .They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones，and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large colo
39、r decisions in your rooms concern the walls，ceilings，and floors.Whether youre looking at wallpaper or paint，the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .AWhile all of them are useful BWhatever youre looking for CIf youre experimenting with a color DSmall color choices are th
40、e ones were most familiar with EIts not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces FSo it pays to be sure，because you want to get it right the first time GColor choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways语篇解读颜色是房间设计的基本要素之一。这篇说明文介绍了大、中、小三种规模物品的颜色选择及各自的优点。36答案B
41、解析解本题可用关联逻辑法。空前的三个问句是问读者想要寻找什么样的房间设计，结合空后的“color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel”可知，不管你想让你的房间怎样，颜色是关键。本设空类型属于细节理解类。37答案A解析解本题可用词汇锁定法。空格后的they指代上文中的techniques，且与A项中的all of them相呼应，代入A项“尽管它们都很有用”，符合语境，故为答案。本设空类型属于细节理解类。38答案D解析解本题可用设题位置法。上一段最后提到“the small ones，the medium on
42、es，and the large ones”，再结合最后两段首句中的“Medium color choices”和“The large color decisions”可判断，本段介绍small color choices，故选D项。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。39答案G解析解本题可用关联逻辑法。根据空后的“They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones，and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.”可知，这里讲述两个方面，这与G项中的in two major
43、 ways相照应。本设空类型属于细节理解类。40答案F解析解本题可用关联逻辑法。根据空前的“the time，effort and relative expense put into it are significant”可知，大型物品的颜色选择所需要的时间、精力、费用很大，这恰与F项构成因果关系。本设空类型属于细节理解类。一、题型解读段中设空即主题句的展开句。尤其注意分析空前后的逻辑关系和行文逻辑及内容的连贯性，注意各句间的衔接手段。其特点主要以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文具体的事实、事例和说明。二、解题技巧1根据并列或递进关系解题并列或递进关系主要指行文
44、中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有first(第一)，second(第二)，third(第三)；firstly(第一，首先)，secondly(第二，其次)，thirdly(第三)；first(首先)，next(其次)，then(那么，然后)；in the first place(第一，首先)，for another(其次)；to begin with(首先，第一)，to conclude(最后)等连接词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的并列关系，空格处很有可能是个并列的句子。如果空格前后两句之间有also(也，而且)，further(进一步地，而且)，furthermor
45、e(而且，此外)，likewise(同样地，也)，similarly(相同地，类似地)，moreover(而且，此外)，in addition(另外)，whats more(更重要的是)，not only.but also(不但而且)等连接词或词组，则表明前后两句是逻辑上的递进关系，空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。2根据转折或让步关系解题转折或让步关系主要指行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间有however(然而)，nevertheless(然而，不过)，still(还，仍然)，though(可是，不过，然而)，yet(然而)，on the contrary(正相反)，in contrast(与此相反，相比之下)，in comparison(比较起来，与比较)，by comparison(相比之下)等连接词，则表明前后两句话是逻辑上的逆转，空格处很有可能表示转折或让步关系。3根据因果关系解题如果前后的句子之间出现as a result(结果)，thus/therefore(因此)，so/such.that(如此以至于)等标志性词语，表明前后句有着因果关系。4根据解释例证关系解题前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式具有多样性，思维过程基本是归纳(从例子到观点)和演绎(从观点到例子)。
