1、必修五 Unit 4Global warming晨背三部曲（简单句there be句型)经典佳句1在把手上贴有我的姓名和住址。There is a label on the handle with my name and address on it.2有很多学生持相反意见。There remained many students holding an opposite view. 3自2000年以来，我的家乡发生了巨变。 There have been great changes in my hometown since 2000. 4毫无疑问必须采取措施来预防网络犯罪。 Theres no
2、doubt that measures should be taken to prevent online crimes5山脚处似乎有人在拍照。 There seems to be someone taking photos at the foot of the mountain.热身体验句式仿写1五年前这座河边有一座老房子。There_was_an_old_house by the river five years ago.2几天来一直未下雨。There_hasnt_been any rain for some days.3他的电脑好像出了一些问题。There_seems_to_be som
3、ething wrong with his computer.词海拾贝 基础记忆1random adj.胡乱的；任意的2range n. 种类；范围3glance vi. 看一下；扫视n. 一瞥4widespread adj. 分布广的；普遍的5average adj. 平均的6advocate vt. 拥护；提倡；主张7casual adj. 随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的8circumstance n. 环境；情况9refresh vt. 使恢复；使振作10phenomenon n现象phenomena (pl.)现象11quantity n量；数量quality n质量12tend vi.趋
4、向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理tendency n倾向；趋势13oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj.反对的；对立的14consequence n结果；后果；影响consequent adj.随后发生的；作为结果的consequently adv.因此；所以15steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的steadily adv.平稳地；持续地16existence n生存；存在exist vi.存在17state vt.陈述；说明statement n说明；说法；表白18contribution n贡献contribute v贡献；投稿语境记忆19They
5、contributed a lot of food and clothing to the refugees (难民) and their contributions will certainly help the refugees live through the winter.(contribute)20It was stated that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state)篇章记忆Quantities of data and graphs
6、 indicate a steady widespread famine phenomenon as the consequence of the trend of advocating too much individual consumption.短语互译 1.发生；造成come_about2上升；增长；升起 go_up3即使 even_if4大体上；基本上 on_the_whole5代表一方；作为的代言人 on_behalf_of6忍受；容忍 put_up_with7只要 so_long_as8rather than 而不是9subscribe to 同意；赞成；订购10quantiti
7、es of 大量的11result in 导致12be opposed to 反对13keep on 继续14and so on 等等.句型一览 1.There is no doubt that . 毫无疑问There_is_no_doubt_that (毫无疑问) the earth is becoming warmer . 2It is/was被强调部分that/who句子其他部分It_is_human_activity_that (是人类活动) has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomen
8、on.3even if引导让步状语从句Even_if (即使) we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.4as/so long as引导的条件状语从句It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as (只要) you are using it if not, turn it off!5It tak
9、es . to do sth. 需要(时间、精力等)做某事It_takes_a_lot_of_energy (需要大量能源) to make things from new materials, so, if you can, buy things made from recycled materials.语法自测it的用法(2)完成句子1It_is_only_if/when_you_realize/It_is_only_by_realizing the mistake that you will be able to find a solution to it.(realize)只有意识到这
10、个错误，你才能找到解决它的方法。2It was not_until_she_(had)_arrived_home_that she remembered the appointment with her doctor.(arrive)直到她回到家才想起了和医生的预约。3It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that_contribute_to your success.(contribute)正是你的努力，而不是你的聪明促成你的成功。4It is I, rather than anybody else, who/that_am_to_blame_
11、for the failure in the examination.(blame)是我，而非其他任何人，应该为这次考试失利负责。5People seemed to have forgotten how_many_years_ago_it_was that the power stations were built there.(how)人们似乎已经忘了到底是多少年之前在那里建造了这些发电站。1.subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅 vt.(签署)文件；捐助subscribe to同意；赞成；订购subscribe name 签名The authorities no longer sub
12、scribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.当局不再支持残疾人不适合做教师的观点。My main reason for subscribing to New Scientist is to keep the pace of advances in science.我订阅新科学家的主要原因是要跟上科学的进步。【对点练习】完成句子Dont go and ask for her idea about our plan.Never will_she_subscribe_to the trip.(subscribe
13、)不要去问她对我们这个计划的想法。她不会同意这次旅行的。I have_subscribed_to several magazines recently. (subscribe) 最近我订阅了几份杂志。2.quantity n量；数量；大量大量；很多 a (large/small) quantity of 大量的/少量的 quantities of 大量；许多(2)quality n. 质量Its cheaper to buy goods in quantity/in large quantities.大批量购货较便宜。As far as Im concerned, it is quality
14、rather than quantity that really matters.就我个人而言，真正重要的是质量而不是数量。【关键一点】a quantity of或quantities of后既可接可数名词也可接不可数名词，“a quantity of名词”作主语时，谓语动词常用单数；“quantities of名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。【对点练习】用所给词的适当形式填空Large quantities of money have (have) been sent to the earthquake victims.There is (be) a large quantity of ra
15、in in the south this year.3.oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(1)oppose oppose sth. to/against sth.使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗(2)opposed adj. 相反的；对立的be opposed to . 反对；与对立Oppose your views against mine.把你的观点和我的观点对照一下。I have been consistently opposed to feeding a baby regularly.(2012广东阅读B)我一直坚决反对定期喂婴儿。【对点练习】对比填空父母反对女儿单独去那里。
16、The parents their daughter going there alone.4.range n种类；范围；幅度；界限 v(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列(1)a wide range of一系列in/within range 在射程以内；在范围内beyond/out of range 在射程外；在范围外out of ones range 某人能力达不到的；某人知识以外的(2)range from . to . 在范围内变动；包括;(由到)之间的各类事物range between . and . 在和范围内变动In addition to these traditional act
17、ivities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling.(2013辽宁书面表达)除了这些传统的活动外，我们有更多的选择，比如旅游等。The price of the car ranges from 20,000 dollars to 30,000 dollars, which is out of his range.这种车的价格从2万美元到3万美元不等，这超出了他的购买能力。【对点练习】写出下列句中range的含义He spent a whole morning ranging his books on the shelf. 排
18、列This weapon can kill at a range of 200 yards.射程Several cars are available within this price range.范围The factory makes a whole range of tools.种类The childrens ages range between 8 and 15.变化5.glance vi.看一下；瞥一眼；匆匆一看；扫视 n一瞥；扫视(1)glance at/over/through浏览；匆匆地看一眼(2)at a glance 立刻；(只)看一眼at first glance 乍一看；
19、乍看之下take/show/throw a glance (at sb./sth.) (朝某人/某物)一瞥；看一眼The little girl glanced at the picture book and then put it away.小姑娘匆匆看了一下这本图画书，就把它放到了一边。She took a glance at the room before she left.她略微环视了一下房间才离开。【个性比较】glance, gaze, glare, stareglance强调动作的短暂gaze“凝视；注视”，因惊异或赞赏而长时间无意识地凝视某人或某物glare“怒视”，带有敌对或威
20、胁的态度stare“盯着看”，含有无礼或粗俗的意味【对点练习】用glance的相关短语完成下列句子乍一看，我认为它有点可笑。(北京书面表达)At_first_glance,_I think its a bit funny.他一眼就看出了问题所在。He could tell at_a_glance what was wrong.6.average adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 n平均数；平均水平；一般水准 v平均为；计算出的平均数(1)an average of平均有(后跟数词)on (the) average 平均起来above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下up
21、to average 达到平均数；达到一般水准(2)average out 算出平均数；平均达Men lose an average of 34 cm in height as they age, while women may lose 5 cm or more.(2013浙江阅读B)随着年龄的增长，男子在身高上平均降低34厘米，女子可能降低5厘米或更多。Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week.(2013安徽阅读A)平均起来，老年人每周洗澡低于3次。They averaged out the numbers and got th
22、e result 7. 他们算出这几个数的平均数是7。【语境串记】There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, an average of 18 students in each class.Toms was above average while Johns was below average.在这次考试中有90名同学得到满分，每个班级平均有18名。汤姆的成绩在平均水平之上，而约翰的成绩在平均水平之下。【对点练习】写出下列句中average的含义The average of 4 and 6 is 5.平均数Our car ave
23、rages 550 kilometres a week.平均为Scientists believe the worlds average temperature has risen by about 0.8 since 1900. (2012四川阅读E)平均的7.circumstance n(pl.)环境；情况But when were acting as leaders, the circumstances are different.(2011江苏任务型阅读)可是当我们担任领导的时候，情况就不同了。in/under the circumstances在这种情况下；既然如此in/under
24、no circumstances 决不；无论如何都不(置于句首时，句子倒装)Under the circumstances, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident.在这种情况下，不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。Under no circumstances should you lend him any money.你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。【对点练习】用circumstance的相关短语完成下列句子在这种情况下，他觉得无法接受这项工作。Under/In_the_circumstances he felt unable to
25、 accept the job.无论如何她的父母都不会让她跟这样自私的人结婚。Under/In_no_circumstances_will her parents allow her to marry such a selfish man.e about发生；造成Can you tell me how the accident came about?你能告诉我事故是怎么发生的吗？How did it come about that you were absent from such an important meeting yesterday?昨天你缺席了这么重要的会议，这是怎么回事？【关键一
26、点】happen, occur, take place, break out也有“发生”之意，该类词汇不用于被动语态。【个性比较】come about, happen, take place, break out, occurcome about“发生；产生”，指要求解释或说明事情发生的理由happen“发生”，常用词汇，指偶然的、意外的、具体客观事物的发生或出现，尤其指自发的未能预见的事情的发生take place“发生”，指事件或事故的发生是在预料中的并非偶然的，进而引申为按计划“进行；举行”break out指战争、火灾、地震、疾病等的突然“发生，爆发”occur多指意想不到的事情的发生
27、；常用句型It occurred to sb.that .; It occurred to sb.to do .；意为“某人突然想到”【对点练习】选词填空Luckily the earthquake didnt happen in the center of the city.Great changes have taken_place in Guangzhou since Asian Games.The revolution has come_about through the application of computer science.A fire broke_out during t
28、he night, which caused a lot of damage.It occurred to me that I could turn to him for help.9.result in 导致Failure to observe all Park rules could result in being driven out of the Park without refund.(2013江苏阅读A)不遵守公园的规章制度会导致被逐出园外，且不能退款。(1)result from由造成；因而产生(2)as a result 结果as a result of 作为的结果withou
29、t result 没有结果；白费Countless more animal deaths result from the lighting pollution.(2013天津阅读B)数不清的更多的动物死于光污染。The exam was of vital importance for me; as a result, I had no choice but to completely focus on my study.(2013山东写作)这次考试对我来说非常重要，因此，我别无选择只好集中全部精力学习。【关键一点】(1)result in的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”；result from
30、的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”。(2)表示“导致”的词语还有： cause, lead to, contribute to等。【对点练习】对比填空10.put up with忍受；容忍Noise is coming to the point where we cant put up with it.噪音几乎到了我们无法忍受的地步。put aside节省；储蓄；储存put away 收起来put forward 提出建议；把向前拨put off 延期；推迟put out 熄灭；扑灭put through 接通电话We are trying to put aside some money eve
31、ry month for our vacation.我们尽量每月存些钱用以度假。One moment please; Im just trying to put you through.请等一下，我这就给你接通电话。【联想发散】除put up with外，表示“容忍；忍受”之意的单词还有：stand,_bear,_tolerate。【对点练习】介、副词填空Im not going to put up_with your bad manners any longer.Its time to put away those foolish ideas.As for the problem you p
32、ut forward in your last letter, I would like to give the following suggestions.Do not put off till tomorrow what can be done today.At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California.【真题印证】(2011新课标卷)I can_the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean.Acome up withBput up withCturn
33、to Dstick to解析：选B考查动词短语辨析。 句意：我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏。 put up with“容忍，忍受”， 符合句意。 come up with“想出(办法)”；turn to“转向，求助于”；stick to“坚持”。random adj.胡乱的；任意的；随意；任意at random 随意地tend vi. 趋向；易于；照顾vt. 照顾；护理tend to do sth. 易于做某事tend (to) sb./sth. 照料，护理某人/物tendency n. 倾向；趋势(常与to/towards连用)consequence n. 结果；后果；影响as
34、a consequence 结果as a consequence of 由于 on the whole 大体上；基本上on behalf of 代表一方；作为的代言人【对点练习】结合上述词汇完成下列句子他从书架上随便拿了一本书。He took a book at_random from the shelf.老年妇女很容易相信陌生人。The older women tend_to_believe_in strangers easily.昨天下雨了，结果比赛被取消。It rained yesterday and as_a_consequence the match was canceled.从整体
35、来看，这两幢楼是相似的。The two buildings are similar on_the_whole.我代表我的同事以及我本人向你表示谢意。On_behalf_of my colleagues and myself I thank you. It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using it if not, turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你可以让它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！ 【句型透视】so/as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。Dont mind what othe
36、rs say as long as we are confident in what we have done.(2012北京写作)只要我们对所做的事情有信心就不要介意别人的话。So long as you help me, I shall never despair.只要你帮我，我决不会失望。【关键一点】as long as还可以表示“和一样长”。This line is four times as long as that one. 这条线是那条线的四倍长。【个性比较】as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as短语原意引申意义as long
37、as与一样长只要as well as与一样好也；和as far as远及就而言；至于as good as与一样好几乎【对点练习】选词填空As_long_as Id done all my homework, I could go out on a Saturday night.We as_well_as Tom went to Hainan to spend our holiday.As_far_as I am concerned, I am strongly against the plan.A distant relative is not as_good_as a near neighb
38、our.单词拼写1The kids soon consumed (消耗) all the food on the table.2He subscribed (订阅) a large sum of money to help them improve the quality of drinking water.3There is no accepted theory to explain the phenomenon (现象)4Man cannot exist (存活) without oxygen.5There is a widespread (普遍的) belief that the com
39、pany is in financial trouble.6The flood in this area was a major catastrophe (大灾难)7The witness stated (陈述) that she had never seen Mr.Smith.8The consequence (结果) was that he caught a bad cold.9After a few random (随意的) words, he went out of the room, making us annoyed.10Many people advocate (主张) that
40、 more hospitals should be built.选词填空1On_average,_every person in the United States consumes 65pound beef every year.2Quantities_of carbon dioxide are given off in producing beef.3It results_in a wide range of environmental problems.4So_long_as we make joint efforts, all these problems will be solved
41、.5Can you make_yourself_understood in English?6How does it come_about that there is more than one kind of English in the world?.根据汉语提示，选用练习中的句子，加入适当过渡词后联句成篇1平均起来，每个美国人每年消耗65磅牛肉。2牛肉的生产过程释放出了大量的二氧化碳。3这导致了一系列的环境问题。4只要我们共同努力，所有的这些问题都会得到解决。On average, every person in the United States consumes 65pound be
42、ef every year, but quantities of carbon dioxide are given off in producing beef, resulting in a wide range of environmental problems.So long as we make joint efforts, all these problems will be solved.多项选择1(2014湖北省部分重点中学高三调研)“The Voice of China”， the program which is the Chinese version of Dutch ser
43、ies “The Voice of Holland”， has become very popular for it provides audience with a wide _ of music style that suit various tastes of music lovers.AdivisionBareaCrange Dcircle解析：选C考查名词辨析句意：荷兰电视连续节目“荷兰好声音”的中国版“中国好声音”节目变得非常火爆，因为它为观众提供了广泛的适合各种不同音乐爱好者的音乐风格。range“范围”。division“划分”；area“区域”；circle“圆圈”。2(20
44、13武汉市武昌区调研)After a long sleep, I feel very weak.Then why not wash your face? The cool water will surely _ you.Arebuild BrescueCremain Drefresh解析：选D考查动词词义。答句句意：那为何不洗把脸呢？凉水肯定能让你消除疲劳。refresh“消除疲劳；使重新提起精神”，与句意相符。rebuild“重建”；rescue“营救”；remain“保持；仍然是”。3(2014湖北省八校联考)In order to protect the environment of t
45、hat tourist attraction, many experts have_banning cars there.Aconcluded BadvocatedCmultiplied Dbelieved解析：选B考查动词辨析。句意：为保护旅游景区的环境，很多专家倡议在那里禁止汽车(出入)。A项意为“推断出；做出结论”；B项意为“倡议拥护；支持”；C项意为“乘以；成倍增加”；D项意为“相信”。根据语境可知，答案应选B项。4The Governments proposal is welcome, but it only _ the surface of the problem.Areaches
46、 BpossessesCinfluences Dscratches解析：选D句意：政府的提议很受欢迎，但是它只是隔靴搔痒，反映了问题的表面。根据句中的but可知，前后两个分句为转折关系。scratch意为“搔；刮”，构成短语scratch the surface of sth.，意为“浅尝辄止；隔靴搔痒”，符合语境。reach意为“达到”；possess意为“拥有”；influence意为“影响”。5(2014山东省实验中学模拟)Do you _ the idea of living a lowcarbon life?It sounds tough, but it is a tendency.
47、Acorrespond to Bapply toCcater to Dsubscribe to解析：选Dcorrespond to“与相对应”；apply to“适用于”；cater to“迎合”。subscribe to“同意，赞成”。6Its already 10 oclock.I wonder how it _ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.Acame over Bcame outCcame about Dcame up解析：选Ccome over“来访”；come out“出来；出版”；come about“发生；造成
48、”；come up “出现；到来”。7Dora has some shortcomings but _ she seems like an intelligent, likable person.Aon the contrary Bup to nowCin return for Don the whole解析：选Don the contrary“相反”；up to now“到目前为止”；in return for“作为对的回报”；on the whole“从整体上看；总的来说”。8(2014滨州模拟)Many houses were completely destroyed in the hu
49、rricane which struck the area last week._， the victims had to live in the temporary shelters offered by the Red Cross.AAs a result of BAs a consequenceCAs usual DAs for解析：选B句意：许多房子在上周的飓风中完全毁坏了，因此，灾民们只能住在由红十字会提供的临时住所里。as a consequence“因此”，表结果，符合句意。as a result of“由于的原因”，其后要加宾语；as usual“通常；像往常一样”；as fo
50、r “至于；就而言”。9The Prime Minister criticized some celebrities for their _ attitude towards drugs and accused them of thinking they were “above the law”Ainformal BcasualCpositive Dimmoral解析：选B句意：那位总理批评了一些名人对待毒品无所谓的态度，并且指责他们自认为自己凌驾于法律之上。casual“漫不经心的；无所谓的”，符合句意。10With an _ temperature much lower than big
51、cities, the grasslands offer an escape from the summer heat.Aunusual BextraordinaryCordinary Daverage解析：选D句意：由于平均气温比大城市低许多，草原给人们提供了一个避暑的好去处。average“平均的”，符合句意。unusual“不平常的；特殊的”；extraordinary“非同寻常的；特别的”；ordinary“平凡的；一般的”。.完成句子1(2014襄阳调研)Large quantities of money have_been_sent_to the earthquake victim
52、s.(send)有大笔的钱寄给了地震灾民。2(2014鄂州模拟)Who_was_it that had the light burning all night yesterday？(be)昨天到底是谁让灯亮了一晚上？3One of the reasons why huge quantities of good soil are_being_washed_away is that floods happen frequently in that area.(wash)大量良田被冲走的原因之一是那个地区洪灾频发。4Its already 10 oclock. I wonder how_it_cam
53、e_about that she was two hours late on such a short trip.(come)已经十点钟了。我不知道是怎么回事，这么短的路程她迟到了两个小时。5The foreigner took out from his suitcase what_looked_like_a_passport and handed it to the officer.(what)这位外国人从他的手提箱里拿出了看起来像护照的东西，然后把它递给那名官员。6A number of new machines were installed in the factory, thus re
54、sulting_in an increase in production.(result)许多新机器被安装在这个工厂里，因此导致产量增长。7Strangely, Mr. Green, also opposed_to_the_new_policy,_made no remark in the discussion.(oppose)令人奇怪的是，格林先生在讨论中没作任何评论，他也是反对这项新政策的。8So/As_long_as_you_dont_drive after drinking, we will not worry about you.(drive)只要你不酒后驾驶，我们就不会担心你。9T
55、he accident that_resulted_in_the_death of two passengers resulted from careless driving.(result)导致两名乘客死亡的事故起因于粗心驾驶。10There are two hundred boys ranging_from_seven_to_fourteen in age.(range)有200名7至14岁的男孩。.完形填空(2014宣城质检)Growing older is unavoidable while growing up is optional. These words have been p
56、assed on in the loving _1_ of Rose. On the first day of school our professor challenged us to get to know someone, so I _2_ to find a little old lady looking at me with a smile. She said，“Hi! My name is Rose. Im eightyseven years old. Can I give you a _3_？” I laughed and _4_ responded, and then a gi
57、ant squeeze followed. “_5_ are you in college at such an innocent age？” I asked. “Im here to meet a rich husband, get married, have a couple of kids .” I was _6_ what it was that motivated her to be taking on this _7_ at her age. “I always dreamed of having a college education and now I _8_ it！” Lat
58、er, we became friends.Rose became a campus celebrity and she easily made friends _9_ she went. On one _10_ Rose was invited to speak at our football banquet. Her prepared cards dropped before she _11_ the speech. A little _12_， she simply _13_ her throat and began，“We do not stop playing _14_ we are
59、 old; we grow old because we stop playing. There are certain secrets to staying _15_， being happy and achieving success. Youve got to have a dream. When you _16_ your dreams, you die.”At the end of the year Rose finished her college education. One week after graduation Rose died _17_ in her sleep. O
60、ver two thousand college students _18_ her funeral in honor of the wonderful woman who taught by _19_ that its never too late to be all you can possibly be.Anybody can grow old, which doesnt _20_ any talent or ability. The key is to grow up by always finding opportunities in change.1A.care BmemoryCn
61、eed Dwant解析：选B此处表示在罗丝充满爱的记忆(memory)里。2A.turned up Bturned overCturned around Dturned away解析：选C“我”转过身一看，一位小老太太正微笑地看着“我”。turn around “转过身”，符合语境。turn up “重新出现”；turn over “移交”；turn away “拒绝”。3A.hug BkissChand Dgift解析：选A根据下句中的“then a giant squeeze followed”可知，hug“拥抱”正确。4A.annoyingly BimpatientlyCabsently
62、 Denthusiastically解析：选D“我”笑了起来，充满热情地回应她。enthusiastically“热情地”，符合语境。annoyingly“恼人地”；impatiently“不耐烦地”；absently“心不在焉地”。5A.Who BWhyCHow DWhen解析：选B“我”问她：“你为什么(Why)在这么天真无邪的年龄上大学？”6A.curious BpositiveCobvious Dconvinced解析：选A“我”很好奇，她这么大年纪， 是什么促使她接受这样的挑战(challenge)。curious“好奇的”，符合语境。7A.risk BopportunityCcha
63、llenge Dinvitation解析：选C参见上题解析。8A.like BtakeChold Dmake解析：选D“我总是梦想能接受大学教育，现在我如愿以偿了。” make it“获得成功”，符合语境。9A.however BwheneverCwherever Dwhatever解析：选C罗丝成了校园里的名人，不管到哪里，她总能轻易地交到朋友。根据语境可知此处应用wherever“无论去哪里”引导让步状语从句。10A.stage BoccasionCtime Devent解析：选B有一次，罗丝被邀请在我们的足球宴会上讲话。on one occasion“有一次”，是固定短语，符合语境。11
64、A.remembered BcontinuedCdelivered Dwrote解析：选C正当她准备演讲时，她原先准备好的卡片掉了。deliver“发表”，符合语境。12A.delighted BembarrassedCfascinated Dfrightened解析：选B有点儿尴尬，她清了清嗓子开始说。embarrassed“尴尬的，难堪的”，符合语境。delighted“高兴的”；fascinated“被迷住的”；frightened“受惊的，害怕的”。13A.cleared BcheckedCcleaned Dtreated解析：选A参见上题解析。clear the throat“清嗓子
65、”，符合语境。14A.until BbeforeCwhen Dbecause解析：选D“我们”并非因为自己老了而放弃娱乐，而是因为停止了娱乐才变老。根据语境可知此处应用because引导原因状语从句。15A.energetic ByoungCalive Dhealthy解析：选B要保持年轻，过得幸福并取得成功是有秘诀的。stay young“保持年轻”，符合语境。 16.A.lose BrealizeCpursue Dobtain解析：选A当你失去(lose)你的梦想时，你就死了。17A.secretly BsadlyCpeacefully Dbitterly解析：选C毕业一周之后，罗丝在睡梦
66、中平静地去世了。peacefully“平静地”，符合语境。18A.joined BignoredCcancelled Dattended解析：选D两千多名大学生出席(attended)了她的葬礼。19A.example BdirectionsCspeech Dpersonality解析：选A她以自身范例教育“我们”：发挥自己的潜能永不为晚。example“榜样，模范”，符合语境。20A.gain BexploreCtake Dappeal解析：选C任何人都会变老，这不需要任何天赋或能力。根据语境可知take正确。.阅读理解Cutting global warming pollution wou
67、ld not only make the planet healthier, it would make people healthier too, new research suggested.Cutting carbon dioxide emissions could save millions of lives, mostly by reducing preventable deaths from heart and lung diseases, according to studies released Wednesday and published in a special issu
68、e of The Lancet, British medical journal.“Relying on fossil fuels leads to unhealthy lifestyles, increasing our chances of getting sick and in some cases takes years from our lives，” US Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a telecast briefing from her home state of Kansas. “
69、As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管) and respiratory (呼吸道) diseases. This is not a small effect.” Instead of looking at the ills caused by future global warming, as past studies have done, this research looks at the immediate benefits of doing something about t
70、he problem, said Linda Birnbaum, director of the US National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.Some possible benefits seemed highly speculative, the researchers conceded, based on people driving less and walking and cycling more. Other proposals studied were more concrete and achievable, su
71、ch as reducing cook stoves that burn dung (粪便), charcoal and other polluting fuels in the developing world.And cutting carbon dioxide emissions also makes the air cleaner, reducing lung damage for millions of people, doctors said.“Here are ways you can attack major health problems at the same time a
72、s dealing with climate change，” said lead author Dr. Paul Wilkinson, an environmental epidemiologist at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.Wilkinson said the individual studies came up with numbers of premature deaths prevented or extra years of life added for certain places.For exam
73、ple, switching to lowpolluting cars in London and Delhi, India, would save 160 lost years of life in London and nearly 1,700 in Delhi for every million residents, one study found. But if people also drove less and walked or biked more, those extra saved years would soar to more than 7,300 years in L
74、ondon and 12,500 years in Delhi because of less heart disease.1What does the passage mainly talk about?AHow can people live longer?BCutting carbon dioxide emissions saves lives.CGlobal warming threatens peoples lives.DPeople should stop relying on fossil fuels.解析：选B主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了减少二氧化碳排放有助于人们健
75、康长寿，故选B。2The new research differs from past studies in that _.Ait focuses on the immediate benefits of cutting carbon dioxide emissionsBit studies the bad effects arising from future global warmingCit is believed by more peopleDit mainly targets at developing countries解析：选A细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容可知，新研究与过去的研
76、究的不同之处就在于它关注的是应对问题能取得的迅速成效。故答案为A项。3According to Kathleen Sebelius, _.Asometimes it takes years to see the bad effects caused by consuming fossil fuelsBwithout greenhouse gas emissions, people would not die of cardiovascular and respiratory diseasesCthe main reason why people get sick is that they re
77、ly on fossil fuelsDdeaths from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases are closely related to greenhouse gas emissions解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“As greenhouse gas emissions go down, so do deaths from cardiovascular (心血管) and respiratory (呼吸道) diseases.”可知，温室气体的排放与心血管和呼吸道疾病导致的死亡关系密切，故答案为D项。4It can be infer
78、red from the passage that _.ALondon and Delhi have already benefited from reducing greenhouse gas emissionsBswitching to lowpolluting cars would save 160 lives in London each yearCwalking and biking instead of driving will reduce the chance of heart diseaseDattacking health problems and dealing with climate change are contradictory解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句可推知，多步行和多骑车，而不是开车，会减少患心脏病的几率。故选C项。
