1、语境暗示法在解答冠词类试题时，要注意三大原则：一是判断表示泛指还是特指；二是判断空格后的名词是可数名词还是不可数名词；三是判断空格后的名词是抽象名词还是具体名词。1(2013新课标全国卷)India attained _ independence in 1947, after _ long struggle.A不填； a Bthe; aCan; 不填 Dan; the解析：选A考查冠词。independence为抽象名词，因此其前不用冠词；struggle前由long来修饰此处表示具体的事物，其前应用冠词a。故选A。2(2013重庆高考)The parents were shocked by
2、_ news that their son needed _ operation on his knee.Aa; / Bthe; /Cthe; an Da; an解析：选C考查冠词。“_ news”特指他们的儿子需要手术的消息，故第一空应用定冠词the；operation是单数可数名词，此处表示“一个手术”，故第二空应用不定冠词an。故选C。3(2013山东高考)It was _ cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across _ night sky.A不填； a Ba; theCthe; a Dthe; 不填解析：选B考查
3、冠词。根据语意可知，第一空泛指“一个寒冷的冬夜”，所以用不定冠词；第二空特指“那天晚上的天空”，所以用定冠词the。一、不定冠词a/an的用法1单数可数名词前用不定冠词a/an表示泛指。The “Chinese Dream” is a dream to improve peoples wellbeing and a dream of harmony, peace and development.(2013福建高考)“中国梦”是一个改善民生的梦，是一个和谐、和平发展的梦。2在某些抽象名词前加不定冠词可使抽象名词具体化。Being able to afford a drink would be a
4、 comfort in those tough times. (2012山东高考)在困难时期能够买得起一杯饮料是一个莫大的安慰。3不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序，而表示“再一，又一”。He missed the gold in the high jump, but will get a second chance in the long jump.(2012全国卷)他没得到跳高的金牌，但在跳远项目上还有一次机会。4a/an相当于every，表示“每一”。Its said John will be in a job paying over D|S60,000 a year.Right, he w
5、ill also get paid by the week.(2011江西高考)据说约翰将获得一个年薪超过六万美元的工作。是的，他的工资将按周支付。点津高中常见的纯不可数名词有：baggage, luggage, furniture, health, weather, fun, space (太空)，advice, word (news), progress, information, news, luck, wealth (财产)等。以上不可数名词永远不能与不定冠词连用。Beyond the stars, the astronaut saw nothing but space.除了星星，宇航
6、员只能看见太空。二、定冠词the的用法1用在名词前表示特指。We are said to be living in the Information Age, a time of new discoveries and great changes.(2012四川高考)据说我们正生活在信息时代，一个充满了新发现和巨大变革的时代。2用在世界上独一无二的人或物、自然现象、发明物之前；或序数词和形容词最高级之前。Marco Polo is said to have sailed on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth centu
7、ry.(2013陕西高考)据说在十三世纪马可波罗去爪哇岛途中曾航行经过太平洋。点津有些物体也是独一无二，但习惯上却不用冠词。Animals are obviously the lower form of life than man.(2013江西高考)动物显然是一种比人类低级的生命形式。3用在序数词和最高级前。As is known to all, the Peoples Republic of China is the biggest developing country in the world.(2011陕西高考)众所周知，中华人民共和国是世界上最大的发展中国家。4用在表示计量的名词前如
8、by the hour，by the dozen等，但若名词为抽象名词则不加冠词如by weight，by height等。例如2011年江西卷的by the week。三、零冠词的用法1在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词。Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up a meat processing factory of his own one day.(2012安徽高考)卡尔正在大学里学食品科学，他希望将来有一天开一家自己的肉食品加工厂。The Smiths dont usually like sta
9、ying at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by sea.(2012安徽高考)史密斯一家通常不喜欢住旅馆，但去年夏天他们在海边一家不错的旅馆住了几天。2称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作宾语或同位语时，不加冠词。Dr.Peter Spence, headmaster of the school, told us, a fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.(2011四川高考)这所学校的校长Peter S
10、pence博士告诉我们：“五分之一的学生将继续到牛津或剑桥大学深造”。固定搭配法固定搭配中冠词的考查是一大难点，平常的积累非常重要，因此要多留意一些短语中冠词的使用。1(2013新课标全国卷)Four and _ half hours of discussion took us up to midnight, and _ break for cheese, chocolate and tea with sugar.Aa; a Bthe; theC不填； the Da; 不填解析：选A考查冠词。句意：四个半小时的讨论一直持续到半夜，在中间休息时我们吃了奶酪、巧克力以及喝了点加糖的茶。“四个半小时
11、”可以表示为four and a half hours或four hours and a half。break意为“休息”，是可数名词，这里表示泛指，其前应用不定冠词。故选A。2(2013浙江高考)People develop _ preference for a particular style of learning at _ early age and these preferences affect learning.Aa; an Ba; 不填C不填； the Dthe; an解析：选A考查冠词。a preference表示“一种偏好”，develop a preference for
12、“养成对的偏爱”，故第一空用不定冠词a；at an early age是固定词组，意为“在很小的时候”，故选A项。一、与不定冠词连用的常考习语have a gift for有的天赋get a lift/ride 搭便车as a rule 通常，照例in a hurry 匆忙地once in a while 偶尔a waste of 的浪费have a population of 有人口have a history of 有的历史have an area of 有的面积a knowledge of 知道go on a diet 节食in a sense 在某种意义上at a loss 困惑，不知
13、所措all of a sudden 突然a matter of 的问题二、与定冠词连用的常考习语in the end 最后，终于on the whole 总之for the time being 暂时on the radio/phone 通过无线电广播/电话on the spot 在场，到场，立即，马上，当场to tell (you) the truth 说实话，老实说not in the least (not at all) 一点也不make the most/best of 充分利用in the way 挡路on the right/left 在右/左面三、用零冠词的常考习语ahead o
14、f time 提前under repair 在修理之中by mistake 错误地by law 根据法律on board 在船(或火车等)上at war 在交战in debt 负债by air/land/water 乘飞机/走陆路/走水路out of work/order/control/date/patience/reach/breath/danger/season失业/不按次序/失控/过时/失去耐心/够不着/上气不接下气/脱离危险/不合时令或不在旺季in use/danger/public 正被使用/处于危险之中/公开地，当众come/rank first 名列第一catch fire 起
15、火come to light 暴露，真相大白come to power (take office) 上任，掌权make room for 为腾出空间1(2013西安市西北工大模拟)Have you listened to _ weather forecast, Linda?Yes. It says that there will be _ heavy rain this weekend.Athe; the Ba; theCthe; a Da; a解析：选C考查冠词。句意：“琳达，你听了天气预报了吗？”“是的，预报说本周末会有一场大雨。”第一空表示特指，用定冠词the；第二空a heavy ra
16、in表示“一场大雨”。2(2013烟台市一模)Have you seen _Audi car? I parked it here this morning.Is it _ white one? A young woman drove it away just now.A不填； the Ban; aCan; 不填 Da; the解析：选B考查冠词。句意：“你见过一辆奥迪车吗？我今天上午停在这里的。”“是一辆白色的吗？刚才一位年轻女士开走了。”第一空表泛指，用不定冠词an；第二空也表泛指，用不定冠词a。3. (2013西安市高三二模)In order to find _ better job, h
17、e decided to study _ second foreign language.Athe; a Ba; aCthe; the Da; the解析：选B考查冠词。句意：为了找到更好的工作，他决定再学一门外语。第一空表示泛指；第二空中不定冠词用在序数词前不表示排序，而表示“再一，又一”。4(2013长春市高三二模)He told me _ news that he got a new job in _ excited whisper.A不填； an Ba; 不填Cthe; an Da; the解析：选C考查冠词。news是不可数名词，且其后有定语从句限定，第一空应加表示特指的定冠词the
18、；in a whisper为固定短语，whisper前有不定冠词a，又因其前有excited修饰，所以第二空前用an，故选C。5(2013成都市高三二模)Many people have come to realize that they should go on _ balanced diet and make _ room in their day for exercise. Aa; 不填 Bthe; aCthe; the D不填； a解析：选A考查冠词。句意：很多人最终意识到他们应该均衡饮食，抽时间进行锻炼。第一空考查短语go on a diet“节食”；第二空考查短语make room for“为腾地方；为让步”。6(2013唐山一中高三二模)The party was _ success. We sang and danced until it came to _ end at midnight.Aa; an Ba; theCthe; an D不填； an解析：选A考查冠词。句意：晚会非常成功，我们又唱又跳，直到半夜才结束。第一空a success表示“一件成功的事”；第二空考查短语come to an end“结束”。
