1、江苏省如皋中学2021-2022学年第一学期第一次阶段考试高三英语第I卷(选择题)第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B. 9.15. C. 9.18.答案是B。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When will the lecture be given?A. On June 1
2、0th.B. On June 11th.C. On June 12th.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Is today the 10th of June? How time flies!M: Yes, and I have one more lecture to give the day after tomorrow.2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What caused the company sales to increase?A. The online marketing campaign.B. The extra salespeople.C. The discount pr
3、ices.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: How are the sales figures looking?W: Theyre great! We had a sharp rise after the online marketing campaign began. Its better than hiring extra salespeople.M: Good! Now Im thinking of offering some discount next season.3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What is Jimmy doing?A. Reading a storybo
4、ok.B. Doing his homework.C. Playing computer games.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Why dont you go to bed, Jimmy? Are you reading that storybook?M: Oh, I just remembered I hadnt done my science homework yet. Im searching online for some information about that.4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman suggest the man
5、 do?A. Forgive the player.B. Kick the player out.C Apologize to the player.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M: I kicked a player out of our team for his misbehavior last week.W: I heard he apologized and promised not to do that again. Why not give him a second chance?M: Maybe you are right.5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where do
6、es the woman usually get the book?A. In the shop.B. In the supermarket.C. On the Internet.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: I would enjoy looking around the bookshop. Its really enjoyable.W: Me too. I always find the book in the shop or the supermarket and then buy it online! Its often a lot cheaper.第二节 (共 15 小题；每小题
7、1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The preparations for a camping.B. The changeable weather.C. Their favorite food.7. Wh
8、at will the man take?A. Bread.B. Hamburgers.C. Cards.【答案】6. A 7. B【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Silvia. Are you going camping with us?W: Surely, yes.M: Great. It should be good fun unless the weather gets bad.W: What do I need to take?M: Well, when I get home, Ill text you the list Ive made. You dont need to worry
9、 about food though. Ive packed enough hamburgers. Thats the easiest thing to make.W: Fine. In case we run out of hamburgers, Ill take some tins and bread.M: Good idea. If you want, bring some cards. We could play at night.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. What is wrong with the woman?A. She has
10、a fever.B. She has a headache.C. She has a sleeping problem.9. What did the woman do last night?A. She prepared for a meeting.B. She attended a meeting.C. She went to bed early.10. What does the man ask the woman to do?A. Quit the job.B. Take some medicine.C. Have a rest.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C【解析】【原文】M
11、: Whats wrong with you?W: My head hurts badly.M: Do you have a fever?W: No.M: How long has it been like this?W: Since the night before yesterday.M: Do you have a sleeping problem?W: No. I always go to bed early and sleep sound, uh, except last night. I worked late into the night preparing for a meet
12、ing.M: I think youd better have a further exam, and before the result comes out, try to relax.W: Do you have any medicine to kill the pain? I have to attend a meeting this afternoon.M: Before the result comes out, I cant give you any medicine. I insist you have a good rest first.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处
13、可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. Where does the conversation take place?A. At a theater.B. At a hotel.C. At a snack bar.12. What would the man probably do at 6 p.m. tomorrow?A. Celebrate their wedding anniversary.B. Attend a wedding ceremony.C. Spend his 20th birthday.13. How much should the man pay?A. $100.B. $2
14、00.C. $300.【答案】11. B 12. A 13. C【解析】【原文】W: Good morning, Movie Center. How may I help you?M: Good morning. This is Vinson from Room 808. Id like to know something about your theater.W: Very well, Mr. Vinson. We have three theaters, one public theater, and two private theaters for five people and two
15、 people respectively.M: Emm how do you charge for the private one?W: The charge for private theater is $50 per hour per person. Drinks and snacks are extra.M: Very well. Id like to reserve the one for two people from 6:00 to 9:00 tomorrow evening. Tomorrow is the 20th anniversary of our marriage. We
16、 want a celebration.W: What exciting news! Congratulations, Mr. Vinson!M: Thank you very much.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. What is the most probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues.B. Schoolmates.C. Teacher and student.15. What is the womans problem?A. Her brother is distur
17、bing her.B. She has no dictionary to use.C. Her parents cant give her any advice.16. What does the man suggest the woman do?A. Tell her brother to stop.B. Go to the library to study.C. Ask her parents for help.17. What is the woman embarrassed at?A. Remembering little from History.B. Reviewing by si
18、nging her notes.C. Writing down what she has read.【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 17. B【解析】【原文】M: Hi, Georgia. How are you?W: Hi. Not so good. Im getting really annoyed with my little brother Jim at the moment. Im trying to review for my exams and he keeps stopping me from working. Sometimes he listens to mus
19、ic late at night with his radio on loudly; sometimes he borrows something from me that I need to use for studying, like my dictionary or computer. I cant concentrate on my work for more than a few minutes. Its terrible.M: You should ask your parents to deal with your brother. Your exams are more imp
20、ortant. Your parents should understand that.W: Thats a good idea, Matthew. Ill ask my dad for help tonight. My brother will listen to him. And Ill also think about going to the library at the weekend. Its nice to have a change sometimes when youre studying. Hows your review going, Matthew?M: My prob
21、lem is I just cant remember anything from History. I read a page and then ten minutes later Ive forgotten it.W: Thats not unusual. You should try writing down what youve just read. Its amazing how much more you will remember that way. Sometimes I even sing my notes. Its a bit embarrassing, but it wi
22、ll help to remember lots of information.M: Yes. Ill try those ideas.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18. What was the main meal for people in Prussia in the 18th century?A. Rice.B. Potatoes.C. Bread.19. How did people feel about the potatoes in the palace garden?A. Disappointed.B. Curious.C. Anxious
23、.20. What can we learn about the king?A. He was very smart.B. He liked making jokes.C. He was crazy about potatoes.【答案】18. C 19. B 20. A【解析】【原文】M: OK! So my talk tonight is called Psychology in Advertising, but Im going to start with a little story. In the 18th century, hardly anyone in Prussia ate
24、potatoes or rice, because the main meal for almost everyone was bread. But there was a problem with bread: in those days, sometimes the wheat didnt grow very well, people, especially poor people, would have nothing to eat. So when the king called Frederick heard about the potato, he immediately orde
25、red everyone in the country to start growing potatoes. But to his surprise, they refused. Frederick was a very clever man, and although there were no psychologists in 1774, he certainly had a talent for understanding the psychology of his people. So he soon came up with a very interesting plan. Firs
26、t, he planted potatoes in his palace garden. Next, he sent soldiers to guard it. As soon as people saw the garden and the soldiers, they started asking each other “What could be in that field that is worth so much?” And of course, as soon as they found out that the field was full of potatoes, they a
27、ll wanted some. You see, once people believed they were not allowed to eat potatoes, they immediately wanted to have them. And thats a good psychology.第二部分 阅读理解 (本大题共20小题，共50分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHonors ProgramThe honors program is for students who have enj
28、oyed their experience in research with a guide teacher and are looking for a highlight experience during their final year. The program has specific requirements for our majors described below.ApplicationStudents participate in the honors program during their final year. Students who expect to have a
29、 3.5 accumulative GPA by fall of senior year should have identified a guide teacher and applied for NBB honors by May 1st of their third year. Applications are brief and include basic infomation such as guide teacher name, project title, and current GPA.CourseworkDuring senior year, honors students
30、take two research-experience courses. Participation in these courses includes at least 12 hours of work on the research project each week as well as weekly meetings with other researchers to develop professional skills.EssayThe majority of our majors work with guide teachers in research experiences,
31、 and many students co-author manuscripts (手稿) published in leading journals. However, only honors students are guided and helped through the process of writing an essay. All students essays are published online through the university library and, after the data being forbidden to be included in othe
32、r articles, the essays are available to search.21. Which of the following is the requirement of the honors program?A. Students should take two relevant courses.B. Students should spend 12 hours researching.C. Students should finish their essays on their own.D. Students should apply by May 1st in the
33、 fourth year.22. What privilege do honors students have?A. Access to leading journals.B. Guidance in writing an essay.C. Including the data in other articles.D. Publishing essays through the library.23. Who is the passage intended for?A. Guide teachers.B. Researchers.C. College Students.D. Professor
34、s.【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍“荣誉项目（honors program）”及其要求。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“During senior year, honors students take two research-experience courses. Participation in these courses includes at least 12 hours of work on the research project each week as well as weekly meetings with othe
35、r researchers to develop professional skills.（大四期间，优等生要学习两门研究经验课程。 参与这些课程包括每周至少12小时的研究项目工作，以及每周与其他研究人员的会议，以发展专业技能）”可知，荣誉课程的要求是应该上两门相应的课程。故选A项。【22题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“However, only honors students are guided and helped through the process of writing an essay.（然而，只有优秀学生在写作过程中得到指导和帮助）”可知，只有优秀学生才能得到论文指导，由此
36、得知这是他们的特权。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段“The honors program is for students who have enjoyed their experience in research with a guide teacher and are looking for a highlight experience during their final year. The program has specific requirements for our majors described below.（这个荣誉项目是为那些在指导老师的指导下享受过研究经
37、验的，希望在最后一年能有一次精彩的研究经历的学生设立的。这个项目对我们的专业有特殊要求，如下所述）”以及下文“majors”“essays”等词可知，这篇文章是为大学生准备的。故选C项。BOff the coast of Formentera, an island, lives seagrass that stretches 15 km. The seagrass, covering several kilometers, is made up of a single organism. The grasses are also long-lived, for tens or hundreds
38、 of thousands of years. Along with two other kinds of coastal ecosystemmangrove swamps and tidal marshesseagrass fields are particularly good at taking carbon dioxide from the air.This role was highlighted in a report published on March 2nd by UNESCO, on “blue carbon” the carbon stored by Earths oce
39、anic and coastal ecosystems. In total around 3,300 million tons of carbon dioxide (about three-quarters of the worlds emissions in 2019) are locked away in the planets blue-carbon sinks. Research by Carlos Duarte, the reports author and an ecologist, has shown that one hectare of seagrass can suck a
40、s much carbon dioxide each year as 15 hectares of rainforest.One reason that blue-carbon ecosystems make such effective sinks is that underwater forests are thicker than the land-based woods. They can also trap floating pieces and organic matter, which settles on the sea floor and can double the amo
41、unt of carbon stored away. They possess another advantage, too. Climate change is leading to more wildfires around the world. As forests burn, their carbon stocks are sent back into the atmosphere. Unlike forests on land, blue-carbon ecosystems do not burn.Blue-carbon ecosystems may not be fired, bu
42、t they remain affected by other sorts of disasters. In May 2020 cyclone Amphan destroyed 1,200 square kilometers of mangrove forests. A marine heatwave in Australian waters in 2010 and 2011 damaged around one third of the worlds largest seagrass field in Shark Bay. Mangrove forests can weaken or con
43、trol waves and provide natural barriers to storm surges. Protecting and expanding them, then, appears to be a must.24. What do the blue-carbon ecosystems consist of?A. The carbon stored in coastal ecosystems.B. Seagrass living off the coast of Formentera.C. A single organism, seagrass fields and for
44、ests on land.D. Seagrass fields, mangrove swamps and tidal marshes.25. What does the second paragraph mainly talk about?A The concrete role of “blue carbon”.B. The special features of the seagrass.C. The storage ability of the blue-carbon sinks.D. The findings about the blue-carbon ecosystems.26. Wh
45、y can the blue-carbon ecosystems make such effective sinks?A. Because they arent influenced by disasters.B. Because there is more carbon in water than on land.C. Because their carbon stocks are released back.D. Because they have greater absorbing ability.27. What is the purpose of the last paragraph
46、?A. To add background information.B. To give suggestions.C. To list influential examples.D. To offer scientific data.【答案】24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蓝碳生态系统的组成、作用以及影响蓝碳生态系统的因素。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Off the coast of Formentera, an island, lives seagrass that stretches 15 km. The seagras
47、s, covering several kilometers, is made up of a single organism. The grasses are also long-lived, for tens or hundreds of thousands of years. Along with two other kinds of coastal ecosystemmangrove swamps and tidal marshesseagrass fields are particularly good at taking carbon dioxide from the air.(福
48、门特拉岛海岸附近生长着长达15公里的海草。海草覆盖数公里，由单一的生物组成。草的寿命也很长，可以存活数万年或数十万年。和其他两种沿海生态系统红树林沼泽和潮汐沼泽一样，海草田特别擅长从空气中吸收二氧化碳)”可知，蓝碳生态系统由海草地、红树林沼泽和潮汐沼泽组成。故选D。【25题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“This role was highlighted in a report published on March 2nd by UNESCO, on “blue carbon” the carbon stored by Earths oceanic and coastal ecosystems.
49、 In total around 3,300 million tons of carbon dioxide (about three-quarters of the worlds emissions in 2019) are locked away in the planets blue-carbon sinks. Research by Carlos Duarte, the reports author and an ecologist, has shown that one hectare of seagrass can suck as much carbon dioxide each y
50、ear as 15 hectares of rainforest.( 3月2日，联合国教科文组织发表了一份关于“蓝色碳”（地球海洋和沿海生态系统储存的碳）的报告，强调了这种作用。总共约33亿吨二氧化碳（约占2019年全球排放量的四分之三）被锁在地球的蓝色碳汇中。 该报告的作者兼生态学家Carlos Duarte的研究表明，一公顷海草每年吸收的二氧化碳相当于15公顷雨林)”可知，第二段主要讲了蓝碳汇的储存能力。故选C。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“One reason that blue-carbon ecosystems make such effective sinks is
51、that underwater forests are thicker than the land-based woods. They can also trap floating pieces and organic matter, which settles on the sea floor and can double the amount of carbon stored away.(蓝碳生态系统产生如此有效的碳汇的一个原因是水下森林比陆地森林更厚。它们还能捕获漂浮在海底的碎片和有机物，从而使碳的储存量增加一倍)”可知，蓝碳生态系统能产生如此有效的碳汇因为他们有更强的吸收能力。故选D。
52、【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Blue-carbon ecosystems may not be fired, but they remain affected by other sorts of disasters. In May 2020 cyclone Amphan destroyed 1,200 square kilometers of mangrove forests. A marine heatwave in Australian waters in 2010 and 2011 damaged around one third of the worlds largest
53、seagrass field in Shark Bay. Mangrove forests can weaken or control waves and provide natural barriers to storm surges. Protecting and expanding them, then, appears to be a must.(蓝碳生态系统可能不会被烧毁，但它们仍然受到其他类型的灾难的影响。 2020年5月，飓风“安潘”摧毁了1200平方公里的红树林。2010年和2011年，澳大利亚水域的海洋热浪破坏了鲨鱼湾约三分之一的世界最大海草场。红树林可以削弱或控制海浪，并为
54、风暴潮提供天然屏障。因此，保护和扩大它们似乎是必须的)”可推知，最后一段的目的是给出建议。故选B。CTodays journalists face modern challenges. Online media platforms are springing up. And the lowly newspaper-and its reporters-are fighting money, tech, and distrust issues. Journalism students and teachers must emphasize new skills to keep their prof
55、ession alive.A trustworthy press helps inform people and monitor all levels of government. That is essential to a nation. Yet this useful establishment is growing increasingly unpopular. According to the University of North Carolina (UNC), newsroom jobs across the Country are fewer than half what th
56、ey were 10 years ago. And on many college campuses, the news about the news is bleak too.Take the Syracuse, New York, student-run newspaper The Daily Orange: It isnt daily anymore. The paper prints just three times each week. Next year, The Diamondback of the University of Maryland will be online on
57、ly. Half the newspapers that still exist on paper say they dont print as many copies. And UNCs The Daily Tar Heel has cut staff pay and rented cheaper offices to make its budget.Considering the problems in journalism, its surprising that the enrollment(注册人数) in college journalism programs is up. The
58、 Daily Orange managing editor Catherine Leffert calls the layoffs and cutbacks disheartening. “But what keeps me wanting to be a journalist is seeing the effect that The Daily Orange has,” he says.But journalism educators wonder, “Are we preparing young people for a dying industry?” Years ago, journ
59、alism graduates took low-level reporter jobs at newspapers or television stations. That still happens. But todays jobs more often involve digital editing, social media production, and video streaming. Some universities are taking action. The University of Florida offers a sports media program. Sever
60、al schools highlight statistics-driven data journalism.The news isnt all bad. Journalism professor Kathleen Culver says, “When I look at 18-and 20-year-olds in journalism and see what they want to do, Im optimistic.” Maddy Arrowood is the student editor of The Daily Tar Heel. She says her experience
61、 makes her more interested in a journalism career, not less. Her optimism “comes from knowing that people still need news. They still need information.”28. What does the underlined word “bleak” in paragraph 2 mean?A. HopelessB. InterestingC. UselessD. Encouraging29. How do some universities respond
62、to todays journalism?A. They reduce student enrollment.B. They offer students specialized programs.C. They prepare students for low-level reporter jobs.D. They encourage students to run their own newspaper.30. Why is Maddy Arrowood mentioned in the last paragraph?A. To show peoples positive attitude
63、s to journalists.B. To prove the potential of a career in journalism.C. To show the popularity of The Daily Tar Heel.D. To prove peoples thirst for the latest news.31. What might be the best title for the text?A. What is journalism?B. What does a journalist do?C. Does journalism have a future?D. Are
64、 journalists still influential today?【答案】28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新闻业未来的发展与挑战。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据前一句“According to the University of North Carolina(UNC), newsroom jobs across the country are fewer than half what they were 10 years ago.（根据北卡罗莱纳大学的数据，全国的新闻编辑部的工作岗位不到10年前的一半。）”可知，在许多大学校
65、园里，这一消息是令人沮丧的、没有希望的（hopeless）。故选A项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Some university are taking action. The University f Florida offers a sports media program.（一些大学正在采取行动，佛罗里达大学提供体育媒体课程。）”可知，大学给学生们提供了专门的课程。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段 “She says her experience makes her more interested in a journalism career, not less.
66、 Her optimism comes from knowing that people still need news. They still need information.（她说她的经历让她对新闻事业更感兴趣，而不是更不感兴趣，她的乐观来自于人们仍然需要新闻，他们仍然需要信息。）”可知，提到她的目的是为了说明“新闻事业的发展具有巨大的潜力”。故选B项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文并根据第一段“Todays journalists face modern challenges. Online media platforms are springing up. And the low
67、ly newspaper-and its reporters-are fighting money, tech, and distrust issues. Journalism students and teachers must emphasize new skills to keep their profession alive.（今天的记者面临着现代化的挑战。网络媒体平台如雨后春笋般涌现。而那些地位低下的报纸和它的记者们正在与金钱、科技和不信任问题作斗争。新闻专业的学生和教师必须强调新的技能，以保持他们的职业生命力。）”可知，整篇文章讲述了新闻业面临着的巨大挑战，能不能生存以及怎样生存是
68、个问题。C项“新闻业还有未来吗？”符合题意，适合做标题。故选C项。DThis is going to ruffle(激怒) a few feathers.PepsiCo purposely packs fewer chips into its flavoured chip bags, Hugh Johnston, the companys CFO, told the Associated Press.“There might be an ounce or two less in those bags, ” Johnston said. Actually, its half an ounce l
69、ess. Regular Lays are sold in 10ounce bags; flavoured Lays are sold in 9.5ounce bags; and both are sold for the same $4.29 price. That might not sound like a lot, but it will sound like a lot with a bit of simple maths.Americans buy some $1.6 billion worth of Lays potato chips every year. Much of th
70、at is sold in bulkor merely in bags bigger than the standard ones mentioned above. But lets assume for a second that those 10ounce bags are the only ones Lays sells. That would mean the company sells more than 372 million bags of Lays in the US each yearor 3.72 billion ounces of chips, at about 43 c
71、ents per ounce. It would also mean that that halfounce difference is worth about 21.5 cents per bag, and about $80 million in total per year.That number is likely a good deal lower, but its not entirely unreasonable. If Lays is charging an extra payment for the smaller flavoured chip bags, its likel
72、y doing the same for the bigger ones, too. That tiny halfounce difference might only mean a potato chip or two to you, but its probably worth tens of millions of dollars to PepsiCo annually.PepsiCo confirmed that flavoured and unflavoured Lays chips are sold for the same price, but not in the same q
73、uantity. “This allows us to keep the same price point across the brand, ” Jeff Dahncke said in an email. He also suggested that the chip difference has nothing to do with extra profit.“The reason why there is a slightly higher price per ounce for flavoured chips is the added seasonings(调味品)，” he sai
74、d. But that doesnt appear to be the case.Some of the markups are simply meant to make up for the added input costs of cheese, barbecue, sour cream and onion, and other flavourings. But some of them are also there(or not there) to increase the potato chip makers profits. PepsiCo has a soft spot for i
75、ts specialty potato chips, because its specialty potato chips are more profitable than its regular ones, according to Johnston.Perhaps thats why Lays is getting ready to launch a mass of new specialty potato chip flavours. The launch is part of PepsiCos annual “Do Us a Flavour” contest, in which it
76、lets customers participate in the flavour creation process.32. What did PepsiCo do to arouse public dissatisfaction?A. They raised the price of their flavoured chips.B. They gave short weight to their flavoured chips.C. They changed the flavours of their potato chips.D They put more seasonings into
77、their potato chips.33. How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed?A. By listing figures.B. By giving examples.C. By analysing causes.D. By making comparisons.34. Why do Lays flavoured chips charge more per ounce according to Jeff Dahncke?A. To make more profits.B. To upgrade their products.C. To balance ad
78、ditional costs.D. To satisfy more peoples taste.35. What does the underlined phrase “has a soft spot for” in the last but one paragraph mean?A. Has a say in.B. Has a look at.C. Has access to.D. Has affection for.【答案】32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。百事对单包风味薯片偷偷减少分量，其辩解说是为了弥补原料上的额外费用，但作者认为并不是那样
79、，其实质就是为了提高利润。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段内容及第二段中的“PepsiCo purposely packs fewer chips into its flavoured chip bags, Hugh Johnston, the companys CFO, told the Associated Press.( 百事公司首席财务官休约翰斯顿(Hugh Johnston)告诉美联社说，公司特意减少了调味袋里的薯条数量。)”可知，百事在单包风味薯片上减少分量，这导致争议。give short weight是固定用法，意为“缺斤少两”。故选B。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段
80、的内容，尤其是其中的“some $1.6 billion” “10ounce bags” “more than 372 million bags”“3.72 billion ounces of chips，at about 43 cents per ounce” “about 21.5 cents per bag” “about $80 million”可知，作者主要是通过列数据的方式来陈述第三段的内容。故选A。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The reason why there is a slightly higher price per ounce for flavoured
81、 chips is the added seasonings(调味薯片每盎司价格略高的原因是添加了调味料。)”，并结合倒数第二段中的“to make up for the added input costs(以弥补增加的投入成本)”可知，据Jeff Dahncke所言，风味薯片每盎司要价提高是因为添加了调味品，而百事不足量地包装其薯片是为了弥补由此造成的额外费用。故选C。【35题详解】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“because its specialty potato chips are more profitable than its regular ones(因为它的特色薯片比普通薯片
82、更有利可图)”及最后一段第一句“Perhaps thats why Lays is getting ready to launch a mass of new specialty potato chip flavours. (也许这就是为什么乐事准备推出一大批新的特色薯片口味。)”可知，百事公司卖特色薯片比卖普通薯片更赚钱，而且他们亦准备推出一大批新的特色薯片口味，并举行比赛让顾客参与其创造过程。由此可推知，百事公司对自己的特色薯片应是情有独钟的，画线短语has a soft spot for应是“喜欢某人(或某物) ”之意。故选D。第二节 阅读七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5
83、分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The guy who tried to edit EnglishThe English vocabulary is not only huge, but also full of words that mean practically(几乎) the same thing- Get, obtain, acquire. Shine, gleam, glow, sparkle. _36_ That was the thinking of a British writer named C. K. Ogden, w
84、ho in the 1930s proposed (提议) a new form of English with a vocabulary of just 850 words. He called the project Basic English _37_ Ogden arrived at his 850-word list through experimentation, rephrasing texts over and over until he was satisfied. The words he finally included were not necessarily the
85、shortest or most concrete. _38_ Because any verbal idea could be expressed with a small number of “operators”-words like come, go, get, take, have, make, be, and do. Ogden argued that most verbs were unnecessary. In Basic English, “eat” is “have a meal” and “forget” is “go from memory”.Winston Churc
86、hill was a fan of the concept as a way to get foreigners to speak English, and he encouraged the BBC to use it. _39_ Roosevelt, who expressed mild interest, joked that Churchills famous speech about offering his “blood, toil, tears, and sweat” to his country wouldnt have been so exciting if he “had
87、been able to offer the British people only blood, work, eye water, and face water, which I understand is the best that Basic English can do with five famous words.”_40_ Churchill didnt use it either. When seeking to express ourselves, we dont necessarily need fewer words; we need the right words. So
88、 its to our benefit to have a large supply on hand.A. Do we really need them all?B. How many words are there in English?C. Ogden himself didnt actually use Basic English.D. Plenty of seemingly basic words did not make the list at all.E. He also tried to persuade President Franklin Roosevelt to promo
89、te it.F. He believed it would make the language more efficient and easier to learn.G. Despite attention from world leaders, Basic English never got very far off the drawing board.【答案】36. A 37. F 38. D 39. E 40. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由奥格登创造出来的一种简化英语基本英语。【36题详解】根据第一段“The English vocabulary is not onl
90、y huge, but also full of words that mean practically(几乎) the same thing- Get, obtain, acquire. Shine, gleam, glow, sparkle.”可知，英语的词汇量很大且有很多同义词。根据第二段“That was the thinking of a British writer named C. K. Ogden, who in the 1930s proposed (提议) a new form of English with a vocabulary of just 850 words.”
91、可知，英国作家奥格登将英语词汇量减到850个。因此空格处是承上启下的作用。A. Do we really need them all?（我们确实需要那么多词汇吗）。由此可知A项符合语境。故选A。【37题详解】根据空格前“He called the project Basic English.”可知，这850个词汇是基本词汇。接下来应该陈述他确定基本词汇的理由。F. He believed it would make the language more efficient and easier to learn.（奥格登之所以创造基本英语是因为他觉得这样英语会更有效率，更容易学）。由此可知F项符
92、合语境。故选F。【38题详解】根据上文的were not necessarily the shortest or most concrete及下文举的例子可知，很多基础的词汇并没有出现在基本英语中。D. Plenty of seemingly basic words did not make the list at all.（很多基础的词汇并没有出现在基本英语中）。由此可知D项符合语境。故选D。【39题详解】由下文的 “Rooseveltwho expressed mild interest”可知，此处是说丘吉尔也试图说服罗斯福总统推广基本英语，罗斯福表达了他的兴趣。E. He also tr
93、ied to persuade President Franklin Roosevelt to promote it.（丘吉尔也试图说服罗斯福总统推广基本英语）。由此可知E项符合语境。故选E。【40题详解】根据下文的 “Churchill didnt use it either. ”可知，丘吉尔也没有使用基本英语。C. Ogden himself didnt actually use Basic English.（奥格登并没有真正使用基本英语）。根据相似句式可知C项符合语境。故选C。第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文,
94、 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Life can get tough, but its important to keep fighting for the better. In particular, due to COVID-19, many more people are struggling with_41_challenges right now, whether thats illness, inability to move around_42_, or a reduction in contact with friends and fami
95、ly. Lets explore some ways to keeping fighting and get through the difficult times.Change any expectations you have of yourself. Its okay to slow down and_43_ the number of things you have on your plate. Actually, its impossible to_44_at your full potential in a hard time. So understand and accept t
96、hat youre going through a rough patch and allow yourself to_45_to this period in your life.Be kind to yourself. Whatever it is that youre going through, make it part of your_46_to do something every day that makes you happy. Dont focus on the big, unsustainable gestures like trips abroad_47_, focus
97、on the smaller pleasures in life, like having a cup of really good coffee or a hot bath.Reduce your exposure to things that_48_negative emotions. When you are mentally strong, you might be fine watching the news about_49_events because you know that life isnt always like this. But when youre mentall
98、y weak, you might_50_ yourself that life is all doom and gloom. The_51_hasnt changed-your state of mind has.Finally, dont be afraid to_52_ for help. We all need a helping hand sometimes. Its_53_ to be ashamed of. Online forums are a great way to find_54_because they focus on the problem at hand, and
99、 youll always find people going through_55_issues. You may not get a solution to your troubles, but sometimes just being able to share your feelings is enough.41. A. worthyB. variousC. technologicalD. psychologica142. A. physicallyB. merrilyC. instantlyD. freely43. A. increaseB. keepC. reduceD. show
100、44. A. performB. pressC. profitD. plot45. A. adoreB. adjustC. applyD. appeal46. A. favorB. intensionC. occupationD. routine47. A. ThereforeB. OtherwiseC. InsteadD. Furthermore48. A. produceB. defineC. switchD. weaken49. A. positiveB. negativeC. grandD. sporting50. A. convinceB. encourageC. inspireD.
101、 persuade51. A. environmentB. gestureC. emotionD. news52. A. turn outB. reach outC. lay outD. wear out53. A. anythingB. everythingC. nothingD. something54. A. ambitionB. evidenceC. preferenceD. support55. A. similarB. foreseeableC. dynamicD. tough【答案】41. B 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. A 4
102、9. B 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. C 54. D 55. A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。由于COVID-19，现在有更多的人正在与各种挑战作斗争，无论是疾病、无法自由活动，还是与朋友和家人接触减少。本文介绍了一些保持斗志、度过难关的方法。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：特别是由于COVID-19，现在有更多的人正在与各种挑战作斗争，无论是疾病、无法自由活动，还是与朋友和家人接触减少。A. worthy值得的；B. various各种各样的；C.technological科技的 ；D.psychological心理的。根据后文的举例得知，疫情给大家带来各种挑战。故选
103、B。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：特别是由于COVID-19，现在有更多的人正在与各种挑战作斗争，无论是疾病、无法自由移动，还是与朋友和家人接触减少。A. physically身体地；B.merrily快乐地；C. instantly马上；D.freely自由地。根据“ inability to move around”得知，疫情不能让大家到处走动。故选D。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：放慢脚步，减少你盘子里的东西是可以的。A. increase增加；B.keep保持；C.reduce 减少；D.show展示。根据“Its okay to slow down and”得知，这里
104、是建议放慢脚步和减少盘子里的东西。故选C。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，在困难时期是不可能发挥你的全部潜力的。A. perform表演、表现；B. press按压；C. profit获利；D.plot策划。根据“So understand and accept that youre going through a rough patch ”得知，不可能表现自己全部潜能。故选A。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以理解并接受你正在经历一个艰难的阶段，让自己适应生活中的这一阶段。A. adore喜爱；B.adjust调整；C.apply申请；D.appeal吸引。根据“ So
105、 understand and accept that youre going through a rough patch ”得知，这是建议调整自己去适应。故选B。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你正在经历什么，让它成为你日常生活的一部分，每天做一些让你快乐的事情。A. favor支持；B.intension强度；C. occupation职责；D.routine常规。根据“do something every day”得知，当做这是日常的事。故选D。【47题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不要把注意力集中在那些重大的、不可持续的举动上，比如出国旅行，而是集中在生活中更小的快乐上，比如
106、喝一杯上好的咖啡或洗个热水澡。A.Therefore因此 ；B.Otherwise否则；C. Instead相反；D.Furthermore而且。根据“Dont focus on the big, unsustainable gestures like trips abroad”得知，前后是转折关系，相反要多想一些快乐的小事。故选C。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：减少接触那些会产生负面情绪的事物。A. produce生产；B.define定义；C. switch转换；D.weaken减弱。根据“Reduce your exposure to things”得知，不要接触的是会让你产生负
107、面情绪的事，故选A。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你精神强大时，你可能看负面新闻会没事，因为你知道生活并不总是这样。A. positive积极的；B. negative消极的；C. grand伟大的；D.sporting体育运动的。根据“negative emotions. ”得知，这是原词复现。故选B。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你精神虚弱时，你可能会让自己相信生活是悲观的。A. convince使相信；B. encourage鼓励；C. inspire激励；D.persuade劝说。根据“ because you know that life isnt alway
108、s like this. ”得知，精神虚弱就让自己相信生活悲观。故选A。【51题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：新闻没有变，你的心态变了。A. environment环境；B.gesture姿势；C.emotion情感；D.news新闻。根据“you might be fine watching the news ”得知，这是不同心态下对相同新闻的看法。故选D。【52题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，不要害怕寻求帮助。A. turn out结果证明；B. reach out伸出；C. lay out展示；安排；D.wear out磨损。根据“ We all need a helping
109、hand sometimes. ”得知，我们可以去求助。故选B。【53题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：这没什么可羞耻的。A. anything任何事；B.everything一切；C. nothing没有事；D.something某事。根据“ We all need a helping hand sometimes. ”得知，求助不是可耻的事情。故选C。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在线论坛是寻找支持的好方法，因为它们关注的是手头的问题，你总是会发现人们也会遇到类似的问题。A. ambition志向；B. evidence证据；C. preference偏爱；D.support支持
110、。根据“because they focus on the problem at hand,”得知，网上论坛是获得支持的好途径，因为大家有类似的问题。故选D。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在线论坛是寻找支持的好方法，因为它们关注的是手头的问题，你总是会发现人们也会遇到类似的问题。A. similar相似的；B.foreseeable可预见的；C. dynamic动态的；D.tough艰难的。根据“but sometimes just being able to share your feelings is enough.”得知，大家会有类似的问题困扰。故选A。【点睛】第II卷(非选择
111、题)第二节 语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese scientist Yuan Longping, globally known for developing the first hybrid rice strain in 1973 that relieved countless people _56_ hunger, passed away on Saturday at the age of 91.The scientist spent over five decades researching a
112、nd improving hybrid rice, _57_ has reached its third generation, feeding _58_(near) one-fifth of the worlds population with less than 9 percent of the worlds total land. In China, the annual planting area of hybrid rice has topped 16 million hectares, or 57 percent of _59_ total planting area of ric
113、e. Its growth area overseas has reached 8 million hectares. His more recent achievements included developing _60_(variety) of seawater rice, or saline-alkali tolerant rice. His team planned to use the rice _61_ (transform) 6. 7 million hectares of saline-alkali land in China over the next eight to 1
114、0 years.Yuan once said he had two dreamsto “enjoy the cool under the rice crops _62_( tall) than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global _63_(short) of food.Yuans lifelong devotion to _64_(reduce) hunger has made him a national hero and household name in
115、China. In 1999, an asteroid (小行星) discovered by the National Astro-nomical Observatories _65_(name) after Yuan. In 2019, he was awarded the Medal of the Republic, Chinas highest state honor.【答案】56 of 57. which 58. nearly 59. the 60. varieties 61. to transform 62. taller 63. shortage 64. reducing 65.
116、 was named【解析】【分析】本文为新闻报道。文章报道了著名科学家袁隆平去世的消息，重点介绍了他在解决中国饥饿问题和世界粮食方面做出的重大贡献和取得的突出成就。【56题详解】考查介词。句意：中国科学家袁隆平，因1973年培育出首个杂交水稻品种而享誉全球，使无数人免于饥饿，他于上周六去世，享年91岁。relieve sb. of sth.使某人摆脱，免除。故填of。【57题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位科学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻，这种水稻已经达到了第三代，用不到世界总面积9%的土地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是hybrid rice，关系
117、词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。【58题详解】考查副词。句意：这位科学家花了50多年的时间研究和改良杂交水稻，这种水稻已经达到了第三代，用不到世界总面积9%的土地养活了世界近五分之一的人口。此处表示“几乎，将近”，应用副词nearly作状语。故填nearly。【59题详解】考查定冠词。句意：中国杂交水稻年种植面积超过1600万公顷，占全部水稻种植面积的57%。根据area前后的修饰词可知，应填the表示特指，表示杂交水稻占全部水稻种植面积的57%。故填the。【60题详解】考查固定短语。句意：他最近的成就包括培育各种海水水稻，或称耐盐碱水稻。varieties of为固定
118、短语，意为“各种各样的”。故填varieties。【61题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他的团队计划在未来的8到10年里用这种水稻改造中国670万公顷盐碱地。use sth. to do sth.为固定结构，不定式作目的状语。故填to transform。【62题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：袁隆平曾说，他有两个梦想一个是在比人高的水稻乘凉，另一个是杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植，帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题。根据than可知，此处应用比较级taller。故填taller。【63题详解】考查名词。句意：袁隆平曾说，他有两个梦想一个是在比人高的水稻下享受凉爽，另一个是杂交水稻可以在世界各地种植，帮助解决全
119、球粮食短缺问题。空处应填名词作宾语，short“短缺的”是形容词，其对应的名词是shortage，为不可数名词。故填shortage。【64题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平毕生致力于减少饥饿，这使他成为中国的民族英雄和家喻户晓的名字。devotion后的to是介词，应填动名词形式作宾语。故填reducing。【65题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：1999年，一颗由国家天文观测站发现的小行星以袁命名。动词name和主语an asteroid之间是被动关系，且由时间状语“In 1999”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词单数，故填was named。第四部分 书面表达 (共
120、两节，满分40分)第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)66. 假定你是李华，你的朋友Simon写信告诉你他沉迷于打篮球，每天花很多时间打球，结果家庭作业不能准时上交。父母和老师很不满，要他放弃这个爱好，他很生气。根据以下提示，请你就 Simon的问题给他提一些有用的建议。1.认真计划好自己的时间；2.不要放弃自己的爱好，但也不要忘记学习；3.保持学习和爱好之间的平衡。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear Simon,Thank you for your letter. You say you dont have enough time to do your
121、homework I think youd better plan your day carefully. It will be a good choice to make a list of all the homework you have to do. This will give you an idea of how much free time you can have to play basketball. Dont give up your hobby but do not forget about your study，either. You should keep a bal
122、ance between study and bobby.I hope my advice will be of some value to youYours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生写信给自己的沉迷于篮球而忽略学习的朋友Simon一些建议。【详解】词汇积累感谢：thank you/ thanks /I really appreciate it足够的：enough =adequate建议：suggestion =advice有价值的：be of value=be valuable句式拓展简单句变为复合句原句：You say you do
123、nt have enough time to do your homework拓展句：You say you dont have enough time to do your homework，which bothers you recently.【点睛】高分句型1 . It will be a good choice to make a list of all the homework you have to do.（运用了it充当形式主语的固定结构，和省略that的定语从句）高分句型2 This will give you an idea of how much free time you
124、 can have to play basketball.（运用了定语从句）第二节 读后续写 (满分25分)67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When Jayce Crowder was in kindergarten, he began noticing that he looked different from his classmates. They had two hands. But he had only one.It started when one boy teased him. Jayce was in a bad mood.
125、Hed return home in Des Moines, Iowa, with questions: Why am I different? Why me? Why? He actually told us that he was mad at looking so different from others, said his mother, Cortney Lewis. That really hurt him. Lewis admitted she didnt know what to do at that point. How could she provide answers t
126、o her sons questions when she had never found those answers herself?A few weeks later, Lewis came home from her job and turned on the TV to a news story about Trashaun Willis, an eighth grader from Washington middle school, Iowa. The boy, then 14, had become an Internetstar after posting videos of h
127、is slam dunk(扣篮) , and, like Jayce, he was missing most of his left arm. Lewis called Jayce in. He was shocked, staring at one dunk after another.At the time, it seemed that watching Trashaun would simply be an inspiring moment for Jaycehed see a shining role model with a seemingly similar born disa
128、bility. And had it stayed just that, Lewis would have been happy. But little did she know that a family friend had already reached out to the Des Moines Register, asking the newspaper to help set up a meeting with Trashaun to encourage Jayce and build his confidence.Paragraph 1: A few days later, th
129、e good news that Trashaun accepted the invitation to meet Jayce came._Paragraph 2 : After the meeting, Jayce learned to accept his disability._【答案】Paragraph 1:A few days later, the good news that Trashaun accepted the invitation to meet Jayce came. Finally, the boys met at Washington Middle School o
130、n a Saturday afternoon a couple of months later and they instantly bonded. The day was not spent on self-pity. Instead, they rode bikes around the schools hallways, took photos, and played basketball together. Trashaun taught Jayce how to slam dunks, even giving him a basketball as a gift. He told J
131、ayce he was perfect the way he looked. He encouraged him not to let anyone drag him down and shake his confidence.Paragraph 2:After the meeting, Jayce learned to accept his disability. He began to understand that there are many people like him and came to adapt himself to his disability. He recently
132、 started practising shooting basketball every day and he really loves it. Jayce often chats with Trashaun on the Internet about basketball skills as well as some school issues. He is really motivated by this role model and has a positive attitude to his future life. As for Trashaun, he never dreamed
133、 that his videos would have such an impact. His relationship with Jayce made him look forward to helping more kids.【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章记叙先天残疾的Jayce Crowder在幼儿园发现自己与众不同后，心情不好，感到非常困惑，他的妈妈Lewis也不知道如何去安慰他。一次偶然的机会，看到同样失去右臂，却展现出篮球天赋的14岁中学生Trashaun Willis的表演后，Lewis看到了希望。在与Trashaun见面后，Jayce受到极大的鼓舞，勇敢地接受自己的残疾并开
134、始积极地生活。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“几天后，传来了Trashaun接受邀请与Jayce见面的好消息”可知，第一段可描写Trashaun和与Jayce见面后他们做了什么事情。由第二段首句内容“会面后，杰斯学会了接受自己的残疾”可知，第二段可描写Jayce在与Trashaun见面后发生的变化以及这次见面对Trashaun本人的影响。2.续写线索：学校会面Trashaun鼓励JayceJayce勇敢面对现实Jayce和Trashaun开启新的生活3.词汇激活行为类结合：bond/combine/unite拍照：took photos/take pictures同交谈：chats w
135、ith/have a conversation with情绪类完美的、极好的：perfect/excellent喜欢：really loves it/really likes it【点睛】高分句型1He told Jayce he was perfect the way he looked. (省略that的宾语从句和定语从句)高分句型2He began to understand that there are many people like him and came to adapt himself to his disability.(that引导 的宾语从句)高分句型3As for Trashaun, he never dreamed that his videos would have such an impact.(that引导的宾语从句)
