1、2011-2012学年高一英语必修1（北师大版）素材 Unit 1 of Module I Period Two （Lesson 3 & 4）一. 教学内容： Unit 1 of Module I Period Two （Lesson 3 & 4）I. 教学目标与要求：1. 掌握这些重点词汇的用法 graduate vi.毕业challenge vt. 意思是“向挑战，邀请比赛”support vt.& n.支撑；支持design vt.& n. 设计Solve vt.解决，解答at the momentas a result 因此 otherwise adv.另外, 否则, 不同地, 别的方
2、式adj.另外的, 其他方面的2. 重点句式1）Usually, its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常车太拥挤，以致于我常常找不到座位。2）We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city, and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.我们喜欢去那些远离城市、幽静、风光秀丽的地方，在没有商店、人群、地铁的地方漫步。3）People believe that an English Duche
3、ss Anna ,the 7th Duchess of Bedford（1788-1861） first introduced the idea of afternoon tea.4）How much time do you spend watching TV every day?3. 写作：运用本单元所学的单词、短语、句型以及语法，给朋友写一封信谈谈你的生活方式，可以参考课文的文章结构。II. 重难点词汇讲解：1. graduate vi.毕业graduate（毕业）gradual（adj.逐渐的，渐渐的）毕业的日子渐渐临近。She graduated from American colle
4、ge.她从一所美国的学院毕业。1）派生词：graduation n. （大学）毕业2）搭配：graduate atfrom+校名 毕业于某所学校 graduate in+专业 毕业于某个专业3）graduate n. 意思是“研究生、（大学）毕业生”，“尚未取得学位的大学生”则称为undergraduate，postgraduate也指“研究生”。2. challenge vt. 意思是“向挑战，邀请比赛”常用的结构为：challenge sb. to do sth. 如：He challenged me to play another tennis game.他向我挑战要我跟他再打一场网球。
5、n. 挑战challenge（挑战）change（n.变化）人生总是充满了变化，也充满了挑战。Reducing the difference between rich and poor is one of the main challenges facing the government.缩小贫富之间的差距是政府面临的主要挑战之一。搭配：a challenge to sb. to do sth. 挑战某人做某事现场练习：选择下面句子的正确译文每次我向他挑战，他都避而不战。a. Every time I challenge to him，he gets rid of me.b. Every ti
6、me I challenge him，he gets rid of me. 3. support vt.& n. 支撑；支持Which football team do you support?你支持哪个足球队?He was weak with hunger, so I had to support him.他饿得没有力气，我得搀着他。请注意support在不同语言环境中的确切含义：Walls support the roof. 支撑；托住She supports her husband on the money she earns from teaching. 资助；鼓励；帮助Hes a l
7、arge family to support. 赡养The boy hastened to support his mother. 搀扶4. design vt.& n. 设计de （加强意义）+sign（n.记号，标记）在图纸上作各种标记设计She designs all her dresses.她设计所有自己的衣服。This machine is of bad design.这部机器的设计很差。习惯用语：have designs on sb./sth.企图伤害某人/某事物；企图将某人/某事物据为己有。固定搭配：by design 有意地 5. solve vt.解决，解答solve（解决，
8、解答）sole（adj.唯一的）这是唯一的解决方案。Help me to solve the problem. 请帮我解决这个棘手的问题。1）派生词：solution n. 解决办法2）注意solve与answer在用法上的区别：动词：answer 回答 solve 解决answer a question 回答问题 solve a problem 解决问题名词：answer 回答，答案 solution 解决办法an answer to a question a solution to a problem6. crowded adj. 拥挤的crowd（v. 拥挤）+-ed（形容词词尾）Wan
9、gfujing Street is a crowded street.王府井大街人比较多。固定搭配：be crowded with被挤满改错1）The theater crowded with audience.这个戏院挤满了观众。2）He was crowded the cards into a filling box. 他将卡片塞入文件箱。 7. nearby adj. 附近的 adv. 在附近 nearby既可作前置定语，又可作后置定语。near（adv. 在附近）+by（adv. 附近）My uncle works in a nearby factory.我叔叔在附近的一家工厂上班。T
10、he performer was waving his stick in the street and it narrowly missed the child standing nearby.表演者在街上挥舞着手中的棒子，差点击中了站在边上的孩子。辨析：nearby 和 nearnearby和 near作形容词时，都表示“附近的”。near 有比较级和最高级，nearby则没有比较等级；若指空间，而非时间，要用nearby修饰，不能用near。现场练习：Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting，addressed it
11、 to herself and then posted it at the_（nearnearby）post office. 8. otherwise adv. 不同地;（在）其他方面;（在不同情况下）否则We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do otherwise. 我们原打算踢足球，可是天很热，我们就决定干别的了。He is noisy, but otherwise a nice boy. 他爱吵闹，但在其他方面倒是一个好孩子。Well go early, otherwise we may
12、 not get a seat. 我们得早一点去，不然就没有座位了。Ive got one more page to write; otherwise Ive finished. 我又多写了一页，不然的话已经完成了。adj. 另外的, 别样的; 不那样的,其他方面的; 不同的, 在不同情况下的Some are wise, some are otherwise. 有的人聪明, 有的人不聪明。otherwise conj. 否则, 不然作连词时，otherwise 和or 可通用，or 的意思是：（要）不然；否则Seize the chance, otherwise you will regret
13、 it.要抓住机会，否则你会后悔的。Put on your overcoat, or you will catch cold. 穿上你的大衣，不然你会着凉。 “Go quick, or else youll miss the bus.”“快走，否则你要赶不上公共汽车了。” 9. at the moment at the present time 此刻；目前；现在for the moment =for the present, temporarily, for now 暂时；目前in a moment very soon一会儿；立刻；马上Unfortunately, her mobile pho
14、ne is engaged at the moment.They are living in an ugly house for the moment. He was here a moment ago. Just wait a moment，he will come back at the moment.他刚才还在这里，等一会儿吧，他很快就会回来。 10. as a result 因此，结果He got up late ,as a result, he didnt catch the early bus.他起晚了，结果没赶上早班汽车。比较：as a result of 因为（的原因），例如：
15、 He has passed the examination as a/the result of his hard work. 因为他的努力，他通过了这次考试。 11. come up with 找到，想出办法I hope you can come up with a better plan than this. 我希望你能想出比这更好的计划。1）除了with，come up 还能与其他的介词搭配。如：come up to达到、符合，比得上come up against 碰到，遭遇2）come up 本身也是一个意义丰富的短语，它的主要意思有：走近，上来，发芽，流行，发生，被提出，上升，讨论
16、，出现等。翻译句子：She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.III. 重点句式分析与拓展：1. Usually ,its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常车太拥挤，以致于我常常找不到座位。剖析1）本句是一个主从复合句，从句是表示结果的状语从句，引导词是被形容词crowded割裂开来的sothat。2）从句中的to sit 是一个不定式，在句中作状语，表示find anywhere的目的。拓展1）sothat. 和 suchthat两个结构都可用以引导结果状语从句，但so修饰形容
17、词或副词，such修饰名词。它们的句式结构归纳如下：so + adj. adv. +thatso + adj. +aan+可数名词单数+thatsuch + aan + adj. +可数名词单数+thatsuch + （adj. ）+名词复数不可数名词+that2）such + aan + adj. +可数名词单数+that可与so + adj. +aan+可数名词单数+that转换。Lucy is such a lovely girl that we all like her. =Lucy is so lovely a girl that we all like her.露西是如此可爱的女孩
18、，以致于我们都喜欢她。 2. We like to visit nice, quiet places far away from the city, and go walking where there are no shops, crowds or the tube.我们喜欢去那些远离城市、幽静、风光秀丽的地方，在没有商店、人群、地铁的地方漫步。剖析：1）这是一个主从复合句，句中包含一个状语从句。 2）这个复合句的主句是We like to visit nice，quiet places far away from the city，and go walking，它由and连接的两个并列的谓
19、语构成。第一个谓语中的不定式短语to visit city作动词like的宾语，far away from the city则是一个后置定语，修饰places。 3）wheretube 在句中作状语，表示go walking 的地点。拓展 where 除引导地点状语从句外，还引导定语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等。 3. People believe that an English Duchess Anna ,the 7th Duchess of Bedford（1788-1861） first introduced the idea of afternoon tea.本句中 that
20、引导的是宾语从句，作 believe 的宾语。宾语从句中的 the 7th Duchess of Bedford（1788-1861）是an English Duchess Anna的同位语。本句意思相当于：It is believed that an English Duchess Anna, the 7th Duchess Of Bedford（17881861）first introduced the idea of afternoon tea. 拓展：“据说”可以用多种方式表达，常见的除了本句中的believe that还有：reported that= It was reported
21、 that said that=It was said that thought that =It was thought that 4. How much time do you spend watching TV every day?同学们要记住这三个有关的句型：spend time/money on sth. 在某方面花时间/金钱spend time/money doing sth.花时间/金钱做某事另外两个句型也要牢记：It takes + （sb.） time +to do sth.做某事需要花某人多少时间It costs + money + to do sth. 做某事需要花某人多
22、少钱We will spend a week or two putting up the house.我们将花一两周的时间来建造这座房子。He has spent a large amount of money on books.他花了大量的钱在购书上。It took me two years to go around China.走遍中国花了我两年时间。It cost me 100 dollars to buy the dictionary.买字典花了我100美元。（这两个句子的主语都是用It 指代句中的不定式短语。）【模拟试题】（答题时间：45分钟）I. 单项选择1. If you go
23、to Xian，youll find the palaces more magnificent than commonly . A. supposing B. supposed C. to suppose D. suppose2. The train was to arrive at 11:30, but it was an hour late. A. about B. likely C certain D. supposed3. I cant stand _with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _talking while she wo
24、rks. A. working；stopping B. to work; stoppingC. working；to stop D. to work; to stop4. Rather thanon a crowded bus, he always prefers _a bicycle.A. ride；ride B. riding; rideC ride; to ride D. to ride; riding5. Which do you prefer, beef _ pork?I prefer pork _beef.A. or；to B. to; orC. to；to D. or; or6.
25、 He will have learnt English for eight years by the time he _from the university next year.A. will graduate B. will have graduatedC. graduates D. is to graduate7. They now have a good government , _by all the people.A. having supported B. supportingC. supported D. to be supported8. It is said that t
26、he early European playing-cardsfor entertainment and education. A. were being designed B. have designed C. have been designed D. were designed9. The new suspension bridge _by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed10. Nowadays, we student
27、s are from heavy school work and for the entrance examination. A. suffering, preparing B. suffered, prepared C. suffering, prepares D. suffers, preparing 11. Although we invited him to the party, Mr. Smith decided to another late night the computer room.A. spend; in B. take; for C. cost; on D. spend
28、; on 12. The room _smoke and I had to go out for some fresh air. A. was filled of B. was full with C. was filled with D. was full about13. _his carelessness, he didnt pass the examination. A. As a result B. As a result of C. Because D. Since14. It rained heavily yesterday ._, they didnt turn up at t
29、he meeting. A. As a result B. As a result of C. First of all D. Instead of 15. You must do your best in your physics, you will fail in the examination.A. and B. however C. but D. otherwise II. 综合阅读The famous American gorilla （大猩猩） expert Diane Fossey had a completely new way to study gorillas she pr
30、etended to be one of them. She copied their actions and way of life eating plants and getting down on her hands and knees to walk the way a gorilla does. It was a new relationship.Diane Fossey was murdered in Rwanda in 1985 and her story was made into the popular film Gorillas in the Mist. It was a
31、long way from King Kong, which is about a gorilla as a monster （a frightening animal）, and helped to show a new idea: the real monster is man, while the gorilla is to be admired.Today there are thought to be around 48,000 lowland gorillas and maybe 400450 mountain gorillas in the wild. From the Cong
32、o in West Africa, to Rwanda and Uganda further east, they are endangered by hunting and by the cutting down of their forest homes.Some time ago, I found in my letterbox a little magazine from the World Wide Fund for Nature. It had two photos side by side. One was of a young gorilla. “This is a speci
33、es（物种）of mammal （哺乳类动物）,” said the words below it. “It is being destroyed by man. We must save it for our own good.” The other photo showed a human baby. The words also read, “This is a species of mammal,” but then went on: “It is the most destructive（破坏性的） on earth. We must retrain（教育）it for its ow
34、n good.”1. The text mainly talks about _.A. Diane Fossey B. the gorillas in RwandaC. the protection of the gorillasD. the film Gorillas in the Mist2. According to the text, the two countries Rwanda and Uganda are _.A. in West Africa B. in East Africa C. in South Africa D. in North Africa3. We can le
35、arn from the text that _.A. Gorillas in the mist was based on（基于）Fosseys experiencesB. Lowland gorillas live longer than mountain gorillasC. King Kong showed us that a gorilla is admirableD. Diane Fossey was murdered by a gorilla4. What message can we get from the two photos in the magazine?A. Goril
36、las are mans close friends. B. Both man and the gorilla need to be saved.C. Young gorillas are as lovely as human babies.D. Man should live peacefully with the gorilla.【试题答案】I. 单项选择1. B2. D3. C4. C5. A 6. C7. C8. D9. B10. A 11. A12. C13. B14. A15. D II. 综合阅读 1. C 本文谈的都是人类应该好好保护大猩猩。 2. B, 从 From the Congo in West Africa, to Rwanda and Uganda further east,这个句子，我们知道刚果在西非，从西到东，卢旺达和乌干达应该在东非。 3. A，从这句her story was made into the popular film Gorillas in the Mist.可知 4. D 最后一段告诉我们，人类应该和大猩猩和平共处。.w。w-w*k&s%5￥u高考资源网w。w-w*k&s%5￥u
