1、天津市部分区2020年高三质量调查试卷（一）英语试卷温馨提示：使用答题卡的区，学生作答时请将答案写在答题卡上；不使用答题卡的区，学生作答时请将答案写在试卷上。本试卷分为第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利! 第卷（共95分）注意事项：1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2. 本卷共55小题，共9
2、5分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there_ youll be able to see it better. A. or B. and C. but D. while 答案是B. 1.Could you help me solve this puzzle, Tom?_ Im really not good at this game.A. Never mind.B. You got me there.C. Its up to you.D. S
3、ounds a good idea.【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：汤姆，你能帮我解决这个难题吗？你把我难住了。我真的不擅长这个游戏。A. Never mind.没关系；B. You got me there. 你把我难住了；C. Its up to you. 由你决定；D. Sounds a good idea. 听起来是个好主意。根据空后Im really not good at this game.可知，此处指“你把我难住了”。故选B。2.Look! The sweat _ down your face. Let me turn on the air conditioner
4、.A. pouredB. is pouringC. has pouredD. had poured【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：看！汗水顺着你的脸往下淌。让我把空调打开。根据空前Look!可知，此处描述的是现在正在进行的动作，应使用现在进行时。故选B。3.5G smart phones are believed to work 9 and 20 times faster than previous_.A. onesB. thoseC. themD. that【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：据认为，5G智能手机的运行速度比之前的手机快了9到20倍。A.
5、ones泛指前面的可数名词复数；B. those那些，特指前面提到的可数名词复数；C. them他们，指代前面的可数名词复数；D. that特指前面提到的单数名词或者不可数名词。根据语境可知，此处泛指以前的smart phones，应使用ones。故选A。4.Tourists are reminded to take everything _ to them before leaving the hotel.A. belongsB. belongedC. having belongedD. belonging【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：游客们被提醒在离开旅馆前要带走属于他们
6、的一切。belong to“属于”，没有被动语态、没有进行时，因此使用现在分词做定语，表主动。故选D。5.You need stick to your dream _ what anyone else says or thinks.A. on account ofB. in place ofC. regardless ofD. apart from【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：不管别人怎么说或者怎么想，你都要坚持自己的梦想。A. on account of由于；B. in place of代替；C. regardless of不顾，不管；D. apart from除了。根据
7、空前You need stick to your dream可知，要坚持自己的梦想，不要管别人怎么说或者怎么想。故选C。6.Know what? I couldnt get back into my apartment and had to stay at a hotel last night._ ? Did you lose your keys?A. How comeB. So whatC. Why botherD. Why not【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：知道吗？我无法回到我的公寓，昨晚不得不住在旅馆里。怎么会这样？你丢了钥匙吗？A. How come怎么会这样
8、；B. So what那又怎么样；C. Why bother何苦；D. Why not为什么不呢。根据空后Did you lose your keys?可知，后者表示很疑惑。故选A。7.Recently, over 30 universities received the _ to establish the four-year undergraduate Al-related majors.A. approvalB. statementC. revolutionD. recognition【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近，30多所大学获得批准，开设了四年制本科专业。A.
9、 approval批准；B. statement声明；C. revolution革命；D. recognition识别。根据空后to establish the four-year undergraduate Al-related majors.及常识可知，大学开设专业是需要上级批准。故选A。8.When the suns rays hit the earth, a lot of heat _ back into spaceA. are reflectedB. is reflectedC. reflectsD. were reflected【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态语态及主
10、谓一致。句意：当太阳光线照射到地球上时，大量的热量被反射回太空。句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时；heat是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数，且与reflect是逻辑被动关系，应使用被动语态。故选B。9.My teacher never criticizes us. Instead, he uses praise to _ our best.A. bring outB. take onC. jump offD. figure out【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的老师从不批评我们。相反，他用赞美来激发我们最好的一面。A. bring out激发；B. take on承担；
11、C. jump off跳下去；D. figure out算出。根据语境可知，老师从不批评我们，而是用赞美来激发我们最好的一面。故选A。10.Eager readers can check with libraries _ if they have people interested in book discussion.A. seeingB. seeC. to seeD. to have seen【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：热心的读者可以向图书馆查询，看看是否有人对图书讨论感兴趣。根据语境可知，此处是目的状语，且表示将来的动作，应使用不定式的一般式。故选C。11.Car r
12、aces are recorded and uploaded to YouTube and other video platforms, _ they can be viewed repeatedly.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. there【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：赛车比赛被记录下来并上传到YouTube和其他视频平台上，在那里可以反复观看。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是YouTube and other video platforms，关系词在从句中做地点状语，应使用关系副词where引导。故选B。12.My umbrella is go
13、ne. Who _ have taken it by mistake?A. couldB. shouldC. wouldD. must【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意：我的伞不见了。谁会把它拿错了呢？A. could (have done) 表示对过去发生的事情的可能性推测；B. should (have done) 表示本应当做某事，却没做；C. would (have done) 用于虚拟语气；D. must (have done)表示对过去的肯定推测。根据语境可知，此处表示对过去可能性的推测，用于疑问句，应使用could (have done
14、)。故选A。13.My friend walked me to the bus stop and waited with me_ the bus arrived.A. onceB. unlessC. whenD. until【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我的朋友陪我一起走到车站，和我一起等到公交车到了才走。A. once一旦；B. unless除非；C. when当的时候；D. until直到。根据空前waited with me可知，此处指“一直等到公交车到了才走”。故选D。14.Education is _ survives when knowledge taught
15、in class has been forgotten.A. howB. whoC. whatD. which【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查表语从句。句意：当课堂上传授的知识被遗忘时，教育依然存在。此处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，应使用what引导，指代“依然存在的东西”。故选C。15.Huawei is now _ established as one of the leading brands in our country.A. firmlyB. frequentlyC. occasionallyD. appropriately【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：华为现在已经
16、稳居国内领先品牌之列。A. firmly稳固地；B. frequently；经常地C. occasionally偶然地；D. appropriately适当地。根据空后as one of the leading brands in our country可知，华为现在已经稳固了自己的品牌地位。故选A。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。There was something in the elderly womans elegance that caught my eye. Alt
17、hough slow and unsure of step, the woman moved_16_in an elegant way. However, a younger woman who I guessed was her daughter displayed signs of_17_, checking her watch every few seconds.It was a few years ago, and I_18_a part-time holiday-season job in a video store at the local shopping mall. From
18、inside the store, I could see the people rushing by outside._19_entering the store, the elderly woman separated from the younger one and began to_20_through the DVDs on the nearest shelf. Without any_21_, I walked over to her and asked_22_I could help her find something. The woman_23_me a title writ
19、ten on an old piece of paper. The title was unusual. Rather than rush off to_24_the DVD for the woman, I asked her to walk with me so I could tell her where she could find it._25_, I think I must have wanted to enjoy her_26_for a moment. Something about her_27_me of my own mother, whod passed away i
20、n the previous year.As we walked along the back of the store, I_28_our shelf arrangements to her. The woman seemed glad of the _29_company and casual conversation.We found the DVD at last. She smiled and told me it was one shed_30_when she was her daughters age. After I_31_the elderly woman to the q
21、ueue at the cash register, I stepped back and walked over the younger woman.“Is that your mom?” I asked._32_her eyes, she said, “Yeah.” There was annoyance in her reply.“Mind some advice?” I asked.I smiled to show her I wasnt_33_. “Cherish her,” I said. And then I answered her_34_expression by sayin
22、g, “When shes gone, its these moments thatll come back to you.”The elderly woman moved back to her daughter. Surprisingly, the daughter placed her arm with obviously unaccustomed_35_around her mothers shoulders and together they made their way toward the stores exit.16. A. carefullyB. hurriedlyC. sk
23、illfullyD. casually17. A. considerationB. kindnessC. impatienceD. eagerness18. A. applied forB. came acrossC. registered forD. took up19. A. BeyondB. OnC. WithD. Through20. A. purchaseB. seekC. acquireD. investigate21. A. recommendationB. doubtC. hesitationD. attempt22. A. ifB. howC. whatD. when23.
24、A. informedB. displayedC. showedD. provided24. A. locateB. identifyC. recognizeD. witness25. A. Coming aloneB. Dating backC. Turning aroundD. Looking back26. A. warmthB. companyC. appreciationD. interruption27. A. assuredB. convincedC. remindedD. recalled28. A. introducedB. announcedC. advocatedD. p
25、raised29. A. unforgettableB. annoyingC. extraD. unrushed30. A. missedB. enjoyedC. choseD. ordered31. A. guidedB. allowedC. persuadedD. confirmed32. A. BlinkingB. RaisingC. RollingD. Opening33. A. attackingB. criticizingC. clarifyingD. bargaining34. A. frightenedB. embarrassedC. anxiousD. curious35.
26、A. dignityB. affectionC. amazementD. satisfaction【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了几年前，在假期期间她在当地购物中心的一家音像店做了一份兼职。作者遇到了一个年轻的女人陪着母亲前来选购DVD，因为母亲步伐缓慢而不稳，但是还是小心翼翼地优雅地走着，所以女儿表现得很不耐烦。作者耐心地陪老人聊天和挑选
27、DVD，后来又劝说了那个女儿要好好珍惜自己的母亲，不要“子欲养而亲不待”。最后，女儿得到了感化。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管步伐缓慢而不稳，这个女人还是小心翼翼地优雅地走着。A. carefully小心地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. skillfully熟练地；D. casually随便地。根据上文Although slow and unsure of step可知，这位老人小心翼翼地走着。故选A。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，一个年轻的女人，我猜是她的女儿，表现出不耐烦的迹象，每隔几秒钟就看一下手表。A. consideration考虑；B. kindn
28、ess善良；C. impatience急躁，无耐心；D. eagerness渴望，热心。根据下文checking her watch every few seconds可知，老人的女儿表现出不耐烦的迹象。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：那是几年前的事了，我在假期期间在当地购物中心的一家音像店做了一份兼职。A. applied for申请；B. came across偶遇；C. registered for注册；D. took up占据，从事。根据下文a part-time holiday-season job可知，我从事一份兼职工作。故选D。【19题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：
29、一进商店，老太太就和那个年轻一点的女人分开了，开始在最近的货架上寻找DVD。A. Beyond超越；B. On一就；C. With有；D. Through通过。根据语境可知，此处指一进商店，老太太就和那个年轻一点的女人分开了。故选B。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一进商店，老太太就和那个年轻一点的女人分开了，开始在最近的货架上寻找DVD。A. purchase购买；B. seek寻找；C. acquire要求；D. investigate调查。根据下文the DVDs on the nearest shelf可知，此处指在最近的货架上寻找DVD。故选B。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。
30、句意：我毫不犹豫地走到她面前，问她是否需要我帮她找些东西。A. recommendation推荐；B. doubt怀疑；C. hesitation犹豫；D. attempt尝试。根据下文I walked over to her and asked_7_I could help her find something.可知，我毫不犹豫地走到她面前、提供帮助。故选C。【22题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我毫不犹豫地走到她面前，问她是否需要我帮她找些东西。A. if如果，是否；B. how如何；C. what什么；D. when当的时候。根据语境可知，我问她是否需要我帮她找些东西。故选A。【23题
31、详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女人给我展示了一个写在旧纸上的标题。A. informed告知；B. displayed陈列；C. showed展示；D. provided提供。根据下文a title written on an old piece of paper.可知，此处指给我展示。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有急着去找那位女士的DVD，而是让她和我一起走，这样我就可以告诉她在哪里可以找到它。A. locate查找，找到；B. identify确定；C. recognize认出；D. witness证明。根据下文I asked her to walk with me
32、so I could tell her where she could find it.可知，我没有急着去找那位女士的DVD。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：回想起来，我想我一定是想享受有她陪伴的片刻。A. Coming alone独自地；B. Dating back可追溯；C. Turning around转身；D. Looking back回首。根据上文It was a few years ago, and I_3_a part-time holiday-season job in a video store at the local shopping mall.可知，此处指
33、回想往事。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我想我一定是想享受有她陪伴的片刻。A. warmth温暖；B. company陪伴；C. appreciation欣赏，感激；D. interruption干扰。根据下文The woman seemed glad of the _14_company and casual conversation.可知，我想我一定是想享受有她陪伴的片刻。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于她的一些事情使我想起了我的母亲，她在前一年去世了。A. assured使确信；B. convinced使确信；C. reminded使想起；D.
34、 recalled回忆。此处是remind sb. of sth.“使某人想起某事”。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们走在商店后面的时候，我向她介绍了我们的货架安排。A. introduced介绍；B. announced宣布；C. advocated拥护；D. praised表扬。根据上文可知，我在购物中心做兼职，此处指我向她介绍了我们的货架安排。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个女人似乎很高兴有这种不慌不忙的陪伴和随意的谈话。A. unforgettable难忘的；B. annoying讨厌的；C. extra额外的；D. unrushed不慌不忙的。
35、根据上文As we walked along the back of the store, I_13_our shelf arrangements to her.可知，此处指不慌不忙的陪伴。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她微笑着告诉我，这是她在女儿这个年纪时最喜欢的一件事。A. missed错过；B. enjoyed享受；C. chose选择；D. ordered预订。根据语境可知，此处指这是她在女儿这个年纪时最喜欢的一件事。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把老妇人领到收银台前排队时，我退后一步，向年轻的女人走去。A. guided带领，引导；B. allow
36、ed允许；C. persuaded劝说；D. confirmed证实。根据下文to the queue at the cash register及常识可知，我把老妇人领到收银台前排队。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她翻了翻眼睛，说：“是的。”A. Blinking眨眼睛；B. Raising抬起；C. Rolling转动；D. Opening打开。根据下文There was annoyance in her reply.可知，那个年轻的女人很不耐烦，翻了翻眼睛。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我笑了笑，告诉她我不是在批评她。A. attacking攻击；B. cr
37、iticizing批评；C. clarifying阐明；D. bargaining讨价还价。根据上文“Mind some advice?” I asked.可知，此处指我不是在批评她，而是给她一些建议。故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我回答了她好奇的表情，说：“当她离开的时候，这些时刻会回到你身边。”A. frightened害怕的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. curious好奇的。根据语境可知，年轻的女人对我的表现很好奇。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，女儿用她那显然不习惯的爱搂着母亲的肩膀，两人一起朝
38、商店的出口走去。A. dignity尊严；B. affection爱；C. amazement惊奇；D. satisfaction满意。故选B。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第2小题，根据下文checking her watch every few seconds可知，老人的女儿表现出不耐烦的迹象。句意：然而，一个年轻的女人，我猜是她的女儿，表现出不耐烦的迹象，每隔几秒钟就看一下手表。A. consideration考虑；B. kindness善良；C. impatience急躁，无耐心；D. eager
39、ness渴望，热心。故选C。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2. 5分，满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ADoes your ideal vacation include going skiing across frozen ice, spying the northern lights, and playing in the snow? Then youll want to skate straight to these winter spots.Fairbanks, Alaska Alaska is a good choice for a
40、 great winter getaway. For winter fun, head to Fairbanks, where you can stay at a new cottage with glass-ceiling domes for aurora (极光) viewing in comfort and then head out ice fishing and snowmobiling. Want even more adventure? Consider a guided adventure that combines northern lights, cross-country
41、 skiing, and dog mushing.Kirkenes, NorwayThe Kirkenes Snow hotel here welcomes visitors to its ice-sculpted rooms. Besides, you can jump on a sled (雪橇) pulled by dogs or bring your appetite for a King Crab Safari. First, youll be on a sled pulled by a snowmobile across the icy sea. Then crab fisherm
42、en drill into the ice to create a hole to pull up the large crabs. Another quick sled trip and youve reached a cozy cottage where crab claws as long as your forearm are served up minutes after being pulled from the cold waters, tasting of salt water. A rich reward for braving the cold.St. Moritz, Sw
43、itzerlandSkiing down the Alps is obviously a highlight here, but did you know that night skiing in this Swiss town is some of the best in the world? Picture it: Clear sky, full moon, inky quiet, and a sky full of stars. If you need energy for skiing, you can always refuel with pizza from the wood-fi
44、red oven at Murtl middle station. You can keep skiing until the last cable car at 1:40 a. m. Then, check into your room at the Carlton Hotel, where there are a series of daylight activities.Quebec City, CanadaIn the summer months, Quebec City is an excellent destination thanks to its French features
45、 and historic old port. But in the winter, dont miss the Winter Carnival, the Carnaval de Quebec, the largest winter carnival in the world. During 17 days the Carnival offers more than 200 activities and welcomes nearly 500,000 people (upcoming dates are January 26 to February 11, 2018, and February
46、 1 to 17, 2019).36. What is considered to be the most adventurous activity in Fairbanks, Alaska?A. Going snowmobiling.B. Going ice fishing.C. Appreciating aurora viewing.D. Conducting a guided adventure.37. What does the underlined part “a rich reward” refer to?A. Living in ice-sculpted rooms.B. Hav
47、ing a sled trip.C. Tasting the freshly-cooked crabs.D. Having a taste of salt water.38. What is the special attraction of St. Moritz, Switzerland?A. Skiing down the Alps.B. Night skiing.C. Watching stars.D. Tasting pizza.39. What can we learn about the Carnaval de Qubec?A. Its second to none in the
48、world.B It lasts throughout the winter.C. Few people show interest in it.D. It is famous for its French features.40. Where is the text most likely from?A. A diary.B. A novel.C. A tour brochure.D. A textbook.【答案】36. D 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上著名的四个著名的冬季度假胜地。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据Fairb
49、anks, Alaska部分中的Want even more adventure? Consider a guided adventure that combines northern lights, cross-country skiing, and dog mushing.(想要更多的冒险吗？考虑一个结合了北极光、越野滑雪和狗拉雪橇的有导游的冒险)可知，有导游的冒险活动被认为是Fairbanks, Alaska最冒险的活动。故选D。【37题详解】词句猜测题。根据Kirkenes, Norway部分中的Another quick sled trip and youve reached a c
50、ozy cottage where crab claws as long as your forearm are served up minutes after being pulled from the cold waters, tasting of salt water. A rich reward for braving the cold. (又一次快速的雪橇旅行，你到达了一个舒适的小屋，在那里和你前臂一样长的螃蟹爪子被从冰冷的海水中拽出来几分钟后就被端上来了，品尝着咸水的味道。冒着严寒的丰厚奖赏)可推知，划线词组指的是“品尝刚煮好的螃蟹”。故选C。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据St.
51、Moritz, Switzerland部分中的Skiing down the Alps is obviously a highlight here, but did you know that night skiing in this Swiss town is some of the best in the world?( 在阿尔卑斯山滑雪显然是这里的一大亮点，但你知道吗，在这个瑞士小镇滑雪的夜晚是世界上最棒的？)可知，在阿尔卑斯山上夜晚滑雪是St. Moritz, Switzerland的特别景点。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据Quebec City, Canada部分中的But
52、in the winter, dont miss the Winter Carnival, the Carnaval de Quebec, the largest winter carnival in the world. (但是在冬天，不要错过冬季嘉年华，魁北克狂欢节，世界上最大的冬季嘉年华)可知，魁北克狂欢节在世界上是首屈一指的。故选A。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的Does your ideal vacation include going skiing across frozen ice, spying the northern lights, and playing in
53、the snow? Then youll want to skate straight to these winter spots.(你理想的假期包括在冰冻的冰上滑雪，刺探北极光，在雪地里玩耍吗？那你就想直接溜冰到这些冬天的地方)及对四个著名度假胜地的介绍可知，文章很可能是一本旅游手册。故选C。【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。在第2小题中，可以根据该划线词组所在的上下文语境来
54、推测其意义。根据Kirkenes, Norway部分中的Another quick sled trip and youve reached a cozy cottage where crab claws as long as your forearm are served up minutes after being pulled from the cold waters, tasting of salt water. A rich reward for braving the cold. (又一次快速的雪橇旅行，你到达了一个舒适的小屋，在那里和你前臂一样长的螃蟹爪子被从冰冷的海水中拽出来几分
55、钟后就被端上来了，品尝着咸水的味道。冒着严寒的丰厚奖赏)可推知，划线词组指的是“品尝刚煮好的螃蟹”。故选C。BWhen it comes to U.S. middle school science and engineering, girls rule. Girls took the top five prizes at the 2019 Broadcom MASTERS, a competition for middle school students across the country.The winners were announced last month. The winners
56、were honored for their STEM successes, as well as for showing skills in critical thinking, communication, creativity and team-work. In first place was 14-year-old Alaina Gassler of West Grove, Pennsylvania. She designed a system to make driving safer by reducing blind spots the areas that drivers ca
57、nnot see outside their vehicle. Gassler developed the technology while in eighth grade. “She, along with the entire Class of 2019, are already leaders in their fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM),” said Paula Golden, president of the Broadcom Foundation. “These young cr
58、eators give every one of us hope for the future.”The Broadcom MASTERS competition is a project of the Society for Science & the Public. It was set up to motivate young people to attend college and pursue careers in STEM fields. It was open to students in grades 6, 7 and 8 across the country.The top
59、prize winner, Alaina Gassler, says she got the idea for her project after seeing her mother struggle with blind spots in her familys car. Blind spots lead to many accidents about 840,000 accidents a year nationwide.Gasslers system helps drivers see “through” the A-frame pillar (A柱) the part of the v
60、ehicle, in the front, that joins the top and front window. The A-frame pillar is important for safety, and cannot be removed. Gassler used a camera to help drivers look “through” the structure to see what is blocked. The camera sends video to a device that shows images on the other side of the pilla
61、r. The driver then can “see” whats in the blind spot.The young inventor won a $25,000 prize for her invention. She told Popular Mechanics she can make improvements on her device with that money. Gassler said she wants to improve the picture making it easy to see in any weather, or any time of the da
62、y. She also told the magazine she hopes to sell her idea.41. What does the writer try to convey by saying “girls rule” in Paragraph1?A. Girls tend to break rules.B. Girls prefer to control others.C. Girls perform better in the competition.D. Girls are superior to boys in all aspects.42. Which best d
63、escribes Paula Goldens attitude toward these young creators?A. Proud.B. Indifferent.C. Critical.D. Cautious.43. The purpose of the Broadcom MASTERS competition is to_.A. offer students hands-on trainingB. collect money for scientific researchC. arouse students interest in STEM fieldsD. persuade stud
64、ents not to drop out of school44. What drives Alaina Gassler to invent the system?A. Her strong curiosity.B. Her schools task.C. The breakdown of her family car.D. Her mothers experience.45. What can we infer about Gasslers system?A. It gets rid of blind spots.B. It is still far from perfect.C. It h
65、as been put into market.D. It can avoid accidents automatically.【答案】41. C 42. A 43. C 44. D 45. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了美国女孩们获得了2019年Broadcom大师大赛的前五名，这是一项面向全国中学生的竞赛。获奖者不仅因为她们在STEM领域的成就而获奖，还因为她们在批判性思维、沟通、创造力和团队合作方面的技能而获奖。文章重点介绍了排名第一的14岁的阿莱娜加斯勒。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的When it comes to U.S. middle school s
66、cience and engineering, girls rule. Girls took the top five prizes at the 2019 Broadcom MASTERS, a competition for middle school students across the country.(说到美国中学的科学和工程，女孩们说了算。女孩们获得了2019年Broadcom大师大赛的前五名，这是一项面向全国中学生的竞赛)可知，作者在第一段中说“女孩们说了算”是想表达女孩在比赛中表现得更好。故选C。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She, along with the
67、 entire Class of 2019, are already leaders in their fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM),” said Paula Golden, president of the Broadcom Foundation. “These young creators give every one of us hope for the future.”(“她和2019届全班同学一样，已经是他们科学、技术、工程和数学领域的领军人物。”博通基金会主席保拉戈尔登说。“这些年
68、轻的创作者给了我们每个人对未来的希望。”)可推知，保拉戈尔德为这些年轻创作者感到自豪。故选A。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的The Broadcom MASTERS competition is a project of the Society for Science & the Public. It was set up to motivate young people to attend college and pursue careers in STEM fields.( Broadcom大师大赛是科学与公众协会的一个项目。它的成立是为了激励年轻人上大学，并在STEM领域追求事
69、业)可知，Broadcom大师大赛的目的是激发学生对STEM领域的兴趣。故选C。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的The top prize winner, Alaina Gassler, says she got the idea for her project after seeing her mother struggle with blind spots in her familys car. Blind spots lead to many accidents about 840,000 accidents a year nationwide.(头奖得主阿莱娜加斯勒说，她看到母
70、亲在家里的车上与盲点搏斗后，想到了这个项目)可知，阿拉娜加斯勒的母亲的经历促使她发明了这个系统。故选D。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第一段中的She told Popular Mechanics she can make improvements on her device with that money. Gassler said she wants to improve the picture making it easy to see in any weather, or any time of the day. (她告诉Popular Mechanics，她可以用这笔钱对她的设备
71、进行改进。加斯勒说，她想改进这幅画使它在任何天气或一天中的任何时间都能很容易地看到。)可推断，加斯勒的系统仍旧远非完美。故选B。【点睛】做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句，和题干进行比较，再做出正确选择。如第1小题，What does the writer try to convey by saying “girls rule” in Paragraph1?要求判断出作者在第一段中说“女孩说了算”是想表达什么。根据第一段中的When it comes to U.S. middle school science and engineering, girls rule. Girls took t
72、he top five prizes at the 2019 Broadcom MASTERS, a competition for middle school students across the country.(说到美国中学的科学和工程，女孩们说了算。女孩们获得了2019年Broadcom大师大赛的前五名，这是一项面向全国中学生的竞赛)可知，作者在第一段中说“女孩们说了算”是想表达女孩在比赛中表现得更好。故选C。CThough not as mainstream as devices like smartphones and fitness trackers, more compani
73、es are now experimenting with the concept of connected garments. Among the pioneers is London-based CuteCircuit, which has been creating fashionable smart clothing since 2004. The companys latest creation is the “Sound Shirt,” which allows deaf people to “feel” live music by transforming the tunes i
74、nto touch sensations in real time.The fashionable jacket achieves the incredible function using software that changes the music into data and wirelessly sends it to the 16-micro motors fitted inside the clothings fabric. The devices shake in sync (同步) to the intensity (强度) of the music being played,
75、 allowing the wearer to feel each instrument individually. The series of touch-like sensations across the wearers body enables them to feel the entire works, resulting in a fully amazing musical experience.To ensure the shirt is comfortable, the designers chose to leave out wires and instead wove co
76、nductive textiles (纺织品) into the garments fabric. Francesca Rosella, co-founder and chief creative officer of CuteCircuit, explains, “There are no wires inside, so were only using smart fabrics we have a combination of microelectronics and very thin, flexible and conductive fabrics. All these little
77、 electronic motors are connected with these conductive fabrics so that the garment is soft and stretchable.”CuteCircuit, which has been testing the Sound Shirt for three years, expects to make it available to the general public shortly. Priced at $3,673 (3,000 pounds), the smart jacket will not be c
78、heap. However, twin sisters Hermon and Heroda Berhane, who lost their hearing at a young age, believe the hi-tech garment is a worthwhile investment, especially for deaf people with a passion for dancing. “Its almost like feeling the depth of the music,” says Hermon. “It just feels as though we can
79、move along with it.” Heroda agrees, adding, “I think it could definitely change our lives.”This is not CuteCircuits first groundbreaking smart garment. Over the years, the company has produced hundreds of shocking connected outfits. Among them is an interactive concert dress for American musical art
80、ist Nicole Scherzinger that displayed tweets from her fans. Also fun is the HugShirt which enables people to send hugs to loved ones who are not physically in the same area.46. What is “sound shirt” meant for?A. Children.B. Students.C. Deaf people.D. Travelers.47. Paragraph 2 mainly talks about the
81、sound shirts_.A. working principleB. powerful functionC. special materialsD. fashionable design48. How did the designers keep the shirt comfortable?A. By using wires.B. By using smart fabrics.C. By using electronic motors.D. By making it very thin.49. Why did the writer mention twin sisters Hermon a
82、nd Heroda Berhane?A. To persuade us to learn from them.B. To get the public to know them better.C. To state the smart jacket is affordable.D. To prove the smart jacket enjoys promising future.50. The function of the last Paragraph is to _.A. add some background informationB. introduce the companys n
83、ew productsC. praise the contributions the company has madeD. appeal to the public to buy the companys products【答案】46. C 47. A 48. B 49. D 50. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。虽然不像智能手机和健身追踪器那样成为主流，但越来越多的公司正在尝试联网服装的概念。总部位于伦敦的CuteCircuit是先驱者之一，该公司最新的发明是“声音衬衫”，它可以让失聪的人通过将音乐转换成实时的触觉来“感受”现场音乐。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的The co
84、mpanys latest creation is the “Sound Shirt,” which allows deaf people to “feel” live music by transforming the tunes into touch sensations in real time. (该公司最新的发明是“声音衬衫”，它可以让失聪的人通过将音乐转换成实时的触觉来“感受”现场音乐)可知，“声音衬衫”是为聋人设计的。故选C。【47题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段The fashionable jacket achieves the incredible function usin
85、g software that changes the music into data and wirelessly sends it to the 16-micro motors fitted inside the clothings fabric. The devices shake in sync (同步) to the intensity (强度) of the music being played, allowing the wearer to feel each instrument individually. The series of touch-like sensations
86、 across the wearers body enables them to feel the entire works, resulting in a fully amazing musical experience. (这款时尚夹克通过软件实现了这一不可思议的功能，它可以将音乐转换成数据，并将其无线传输到衣服内部的16微马达。这些设备会随着播放音乐的强度同步震动，让佩戴者能够分别感受每一种乐器。穿戴者身体上的一系列触感使他们能够感受整个作品，从而产生完全令人惊叹的音乐体验)可知，第二段主要讲述了声音衬衫的工作原理。故选A。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的To ensure th
87、e shirt is comfortable, the designers chose to leave out wires and instead wove conductive textiles (纺织品) into the garments fabric.(为了确保衬衫舒适，设计师们选择不使用金属线，而是在衣服的面料中加入导电织物)及There are no wires inside, so were only using smart fabrics we have a combination of microelectronics and very thin, flexible and
88、 conductive fabrics.(内部没有电线，所以我们只使用智能面料我们有微电子学和非常薄、柔韧和导电织物的组合)可知，设计师通过使用智能面料来保持衬衫的舒适。故选B。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的However, twin sisters Hermon and Heroda Berhane, who lost their hearing at a young age, believe the hi-tech garment is a worthwhile investment, especially for deaf people with a passion for
89、 dancing. (然而，双胞胎姐妹Hermon和Heroda Berhane在很小的时候就失去了听力，她们认为高科技服装是一项值得的投资，尤其是对那些热爱跳舞的聋人来说)及“It just feels as though we can move along with it.” Heroda agrees, adding, “I think it could definitely change our lives.”(“感觉就像我们可以跟着它一起移动。希罗达对此表示赞同，并补充说，“我认为它肯定会改变我们的生活。”)可知，作者提到了双胞胎姐妹Hermon和Heroda Berhane，是为了
90、证明这款智能夹克前途无量。故选D。【50题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的This is not CuteCircuits first groundbreaking smart garment. Over the years, the company has produced hundreds of shocking connected outfits.(这不是CuteCircuit的第一款开创性智能服装。多年来，该公司生产了数百套令人震惊的联网服装)及列举的例子可知，最后一段的作用是增加了一些相关背景知识。故选A。【点睛】在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实，要根据文章事实进
91、行合乎逻辑的推理判断。如第5小题，The function of the last Paragraph is to _.要求判断出最后一段的作用是什么。根据最后一段中的This is not CuteCircuits first groundbreaking smart garment. Over the years, the company has produced hundreds of shocking connected outfits.(这不是CuteCircuit的第一款开创性智能服装。多年来，该公司生产了数百套令人震惊的联网服装)及列举的例子可知，最后一段的作用是增加了一些相关背
92、景知识。故选A。DIf youve ever found yourself scratching your head over a decision when the answer is obvious, now theres a scientific reason behind it. “The problem is decision fatigue a psychological phenomenon that influences the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making, causing indeci
93、sion or poor choices.” says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist.Physicians who have been on the job for several hours, for example, are more likely to prescribe antibiotics (开抗生素) to patients when its unwise to do so. “Probably its because its simple and easy to write a prescription and consider a p
94、atient case closed rather than investigate further,” Polman says.But interestingly, decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. When people imagine themselves as advisers and imagine their own choices as belonging to someone else, they feel less tired and rely less
95、on decision shortcuts to make those choices. “By taking upon the role of adviser rather than decision maker, one does not suffer the consequences of decision fatigue,” he says. “Its as if theres something fun and relieving about making someone elses choice.”“Getting input from others not only offers
96、 a fresh idea and thought process; it often also includes riskier choices. While this sounds undesirable, it can be quite good,” says Polman. “When people experience decision fatigue, they have a tendency to choose to go with the status quo (现状),” he says. “But the status quo can be problematic, sin
97、ce a change in the course of action can sometimes be important and lead to a positive outcome.” In order to achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is almost always essential. “People with decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something,” he says, “Thats not to sa
98、y that risk is always good, but it is related to taking action whereas decision fatigue certainly leads to inaction.”“Just because you can make good choices for others doesnt mean youll do the same for yourself,” Polman cautions. “Research has found that women negotiate higher salaries for others th
99、an they do for themselves,” he says, adding that people slip in and out of decision roles.51. Decision fatigue may cause people to make decisions that are_.A. reasonableB. objectiveC. unwiseD. smart52. Which of the following may be made by a person with decision fatigue?A. A consumer buys a lot of f
100、ood to prepare for a dinner.B. A judge makes a less convincing judgment late in the day.C. A student plans to finish his math homework in the morning.D. A physician advises the patient to drink more water after examination.53. When do people feel less decision fatigue?A. When they take decision shor
101、tcuts.B When they have advisers to turn to.C. When they have major decisions to make.D. When they help others to make decisions.54. What are people likely to do when decision fatigue sets in?A. They stop trying anything new.B. They adopt a totally new idea.C. They tend to make risky decisions.D. The
102、y turn to physicians for advice.55. What does Polman say about taking some risks in decision making?A. It will often end in regret.B. It is likely to cause serious consequences.C. It will enable people to be more creative.D. It is necessary to achieve successful outcome.【答案】51. C 52. B 53. D 54. A 5
103、5. D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。如果你曾经发现自己在一个答案显而易见的决定面前抓耳挠腮，那么这背后是有科学依据的。文章介绍了“决策疲劳”这一心理现象。【51题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The problem is decision fatigue a psychological phenomenon that influences the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making, causing indecision or poor choices.” says Evan Polman, a leadin
104、g psychologist. (“问题在于决策疲劳，这是一种心理现象，在漫长的一天的决策后，会影响你的选择质量，导致优柔寡断或做出糟糕的选择。”著名心理学家埃文波尔曼说)可知，决策疲劳可能会导致人们做出不明智的决定。故选C。【52题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The problem is decision fatigue a psychological phenomenon that influences the quality of your choices after a long day of decision making, causing indecision or poor
105、 choices.” says Evan Polman, a leading psychologist. (“问题在于决策疲劳，这是一种心理现象，在漫长的一天的决策后，会影响你的选择质量，导致优柔寡断或做出糟糕的选择。”著名心理学家埃文波尔曼说)可知，在漫长的一天的决策后，会影响你的选择质量，导致优柔寡断或做出糟糕的选择。结合选项可知，B. A judge makes a less convincing judgment late in the day.(法官在当天晚些时候做出的判决不那么令人信服)符合题意，法官属于决策疲劳。故选B。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的But intere
106、stingly, decision fatigue goes away when you are making the decision for someone else. (但有趣的是，当你为别人做决定时，决策疲劳就会消失)可知，当人们帮助别人做决定时，他们很少会感到决策疲劳。故选D。【54题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“People with decision fatigue will likely choose to do nothing over something,” he says, “Thats not to say that risk is always good, b
107、ut it is related to taking action whereas decision fatigue certainly leads to inaction.”(“有决策疲劳症的人很可能会选择什么都不做，而不是去做某件事，”他说，“这并不是说风险总是好的，但它与采取行动有关，而决策疲劳肯定会导致不作为。”)可知，当决定疲劳出现时，人们很可能会停止尝试任何新事物。故选A。【55题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的In order to achieve a successful outcome or reward, some level of risk is almost alw
108、ays essential. (为了获得成功的结果或回报，一定程度的风险几乎总是必不可少的)可知，波尔曼认为在决策过程中承担一些风险是取得成功的必要条件。故选D。第卷（共35分）注意事项：1. 用黑色墨水的钢笔或签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。2. 本卷共6小题，共35分。第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。It was a hot July day. The five boys and I wanted to find some new tricks to play. “Hey!” Ned said, “We havent cl
109、imbed the cliff for a long while.” “Lets go!” said someone else. And off they went. I hesitated. I longed to be brave and active, like them, but Id been a sickly child most of my eight years and my mother often told me not to adventure.“Come on!” called Jerry, my best friend. “Just because youve bee
110、n sick is no reason to be timid.” “Im coming!” I yelled, and ran along after them.Through the park and into the woods, we finally approached the cliff, which was only about 60 feet high, but to me it just seemed impossible because it was almost vertical (垂直的). One by one, the other boys began to cli
111、mb upward. Then trembling and sweating, I began to climb, my heart beating widely in my skinny chest. At some point, I looked back and was horrified. The ground at the base of the cliff seemed very far below; one slip and I would fall. Soon, the boys were u to the top. Then they left, leaving me cli
112、nging (紧握) to the rock alone.I looked down and was overcome by dizziness: I could never climb back down. It was much too far to go and I would fall and die. But the way up to the top was even worse higher, steeper and more dangerous; I would never make it.Time passed and it was getting dark. I began
113、 to sob.After what seemed one hundred years, I heard my fathers comforting voice: “Come on down, boy.”“No, I cant,” I howl. “Its too far, it is too hard, I cant do it.”“Listen to me” my father said. “Dont think about how far it is and all you have to think about is taking one little step.” I inched
114、backward. Eventually I took the last step down onto rocks at the bottom.Now whenever Im faced with a frightening situation, Ill remind myself not to look at the rocks far below, but at the first small and relatively easy step, feeling a sense of accomplishment with each move, until I have done what
115、I wanted to do.56. Why did the writer hesitate to climb the cliff at first?(no more than 10 words)57. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean? (no more than 2 words)58. How does the writer like the cliff?(no more than 10 words)59. What is the embarrassing situation the writer have
116、 to face in Paragraph 5? (no more than 15 words)60. Whats your attitude towards “fear” in life? Please explain.(no more than 20 words)【答案】56. Because he was sickly and told not to adventure. 57. Cowardly./ Faint-hearted. 58. Its impossible for him to climb up. 59. The author was caught in a dilemma
117、where he dared neither climb down nor up. 60. Fear is inevitable in life, but we should face it bravely and take positive action.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了8岁时，和小伙伴们去攀岩，但是困在了半路中，最后在父亲的鼓励下，安全爬了下来。作者因为此事得到了人生的感悟面对可怕的情况，提醒自己不要看下面遥远的岩石，而是关注最初的小的且相对容易，感觉每一步的成就感，直到做了想做的事。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的I hesitated. I longed t
118、o be brave and active, like them, but Id been a sickly child most of my eight years and my mother often told me not to adventure.(我渴望像他们一样勇敢和积极，但在我八岁的大部分时间里，我都是一个体弱多病的孩子，母亲经常告诉我不要冒险)可知，作者起初犹豫是否要爬上悬崖，因为他体弱多病，母亲经常告诉他不要冒险。故答：Because he was sickly and told not to risk.【57题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Come on!” call
119、ed Jerry, my best friend. “Just because youve been sick is no reason to be timid.”(“来吧！”我最好的朋友杰瑞叫道。“仅仅因为你生病，没有理由timid”)可知，好朋友鼓励作者要勇敢，没有理由“犹豫不决”，因此推断timid表示“犹豫不决的”。故答：Cowardly./ Faint-hearted.【58题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的Through the park and into the woods, we finally approached the cliff, which was only abou
120、t 60 feet high, but to me it just seemed impossible because it was almost vertical (垂直的).(穿过公园，进入森林，我们终于到达了悬崖，它只有60英尺高，但对我来说，这似乎是不可能的，因为它几乎是垂直的)可知，作者认为这个悬崖对他来说似乎是不可能爬上去的。故答：Its impossible for him to climb up.【59题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的I looked down and was overcome by dizziness: I could never climb back do
121、wn.(我低头一看，头晕目眩：我不可能爬回去了)及But the way up to the top was even worse higher, steeper and more dangerous; I would never make it.(但通往山顶的路更糟糕更高、更陡，也更危险;我永远也做不到)可知，攀岩过程中，作者陷入进退两难的处境，既不敢往下爬，也不敢往上爬。故答：The author was caught in a dilemma where he dared neither climb down nor up.【60题详解】开放题型，只要观点积极，言之有理即可。参考答案：F
122、ear is inevitable in life, but we should face it bravely and take positive action.第二节：书面表达（满分25分）61.假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津，你的笔友Peter给你发来邮件，询问你在抗击新型冠状病毒期间的学习情况。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：（1）感谢他的关心；（2）你的学习情况；（3）你的感受。注意：（1）词数不少于100；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；（3）开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：新型冠状病毒COVID-19Dear Peter,How is everything going?_
123、Yours,Li Jin【答案】Dear Peter,How is everything going? Thank you for your concern. Im writing to tell you something about what Im doing these days.As you have known, China is now fighting against COVID-19, which is a deadly disease. Due to the spread of COVID-19, the new school term has to be delayed u
124、ntil notice. I have to learn new lessons through our schools live broadcasting lessons and finish my homework online. In addition, I have much free time to cram the knowledge of the weak link. I also do some extracurricular reading, which increases my knowledge and broaden horizons. At the same time
125、, I learn some knowledge of virus defence on TV or the Internet.I firmly believe under the strong leadership of our Party, we are definitely bound to win the battle very soon.All the best with you and your family!Yours,Li Jin【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封信件；假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李津，你的笔友Peter
126、给你发来邮件，询问你在抗击新型冠状病毒期间的学习情况。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：（1）感谢他的关心；（2）你的学习情况；（3）你的感受。人称使用第一人称。时态应为一般现在时时。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：concern (关心)，fight against (抗击)，a deadly disease (一种致命的疾病)，due to (由于)，schools live broadcasting lessons (学校直播课)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如宾语从句Im writing to tell you something about what Im doing these days.非限定性定语从句As you have known, China is now fighting against novel coronavirus, which is a deadly disease.全文中没有中国式英语句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
