1、广东省珠海市2020届高三英语下学期学业质量监测试题（含解析）本试卷共8页，卷面满分120分，考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上相对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后
2、，答题卡交回。第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AParis is a museum city. There are hundreds of them big and small. But, most importantly, they are excellent, some of the best on the planet. From the Louvre to the Muse dOrsay to the Centre Pompidou, you could spend
3、 a lifetime wandering the halls of the citys great museums. Here are some of the best museums in Paris.The LouvreThe worlds ultimate museum is also the biggest one and the most visited. The 35,000 art objects on display are all overshadowed by one single paintingMona Lisa, in the Renaissance era.Jeu
4、 de PaumeSet in the Tuileries Gardens next to the Louvre Jeu de Paumes past lives were of a tennis court and then a museum which housed Impressionist art. Today it is Pariss main photography and video museum. It also occasionally shows art-house films.Muse dOrsayHoused in a former railway station on
5、 the Left Bank of the Seine, the museum opened in 1986 and today houses the planets largest collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artworks. If you like 19th-century natural landscapes with rural lives and tastes, this is the place to take it all in.Muse du Quai BranlyAs Pariss main home
6、 to non-European art, objects, and culture, this Jean Nouvel-designed museum exhibits a collection of 3,500 pieces, many of which were taken from various countries during the vast period of French Colonialism. There are objects from Quebec and Louisiana from the time when the regions were under Fren
7、ch control. There are also Indian sculptures, masks from West Africa and other aesthetic delights.1. Which is the best and most admired exhibit in the Louvre?A. Mona Lisa.B. Renaissance.C. Lady Era.D. Unknown.2. Which museum houses Impressionist art nowadays?A. Jeu de Paume.B. The Louvre.C. Muse dOr
8、say.D. Muse du Quai Branly.3. Muse du Quai Branly is different from the other three in that _.A. it houses non-European objectsB. it used to be a tennis courtC. it shows the 19th-century rural sceneryD. it is Pariss largest museum【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。巴黎是个博物馆之都。大大小小的博物馆有上百家。但最重要的是，它们都很出色，是这个
9、星球上最好的一些博物馆。文章主要介绍了四个巴黎最好的博物馆。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中The 35,000 art objects on display are all overshadowed by one single paintingMona Lisa, in the Renaissance era.可知展出的35000件艺术品的光芒都被一幅文艺复兴时期的画作蒙娜丽莎所掩盖。由此可知，卢浮宫里最好、最受赞赏的展览是蒙娜丽莎。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Housed in a former railway station on the Left Bank of
10、 the Seine, the museum opened in 1986 and today houses the planets largest collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artworks.可知该博物馆位于塞纳河左岸的一个前火车站，于1986年开放，如今收藏着世界上最大的印象派和后印象派艺术作品。由此可知，如今，Muse dOrsay博物馆收藏印象派作品。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段As Pariss main home to non-European art, objects, and cultu
11、re, this Jean Nouvel-designed museum exhibits a collection of 3,500 pieces, many of which were taken from various countries during the vast period of French Colonialism. There are objects from Quebec and Louisiana from the time when the regions were under French control. There are also Indian sculpt
12、ures, masks from West Africa and other aesthetic delights.可知作为巴黎主要的非欧洲艺术、物品和文化的发源地，这个由Jean Nouvel设计的博物馆展出了3500件藏品，其中很多是在法国殖民时期从不同国家掠走的。还有一些来自魁北克和路易斯安那的物品，它们是在法国控制下的。还有印度雕塑，西非的面具和其他的审美乐趣。由此可知，Muse du Quai Branly不同于其他三个博物馆之处在于它陈列着非欧洲物品。故选A。BChengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, has an ancient comp
13、etition with Chongqing, a city to its south-east. Residents of Chongqing accused their Chengdu cousins of being pompous (自大的). The people of Chongqing were hotheads, Chengdu residents shot back. Both cities share a love of spice-laden Sichuan cuisine, which in recent decades has occupied Chinese din
14、ner tables. But they are at war over which has the best Sichuan hotpota type of DIY-cooking that involves boiling vegetables and slices of meat with chillies and numbing peppercorns.A private museum in Chongqing, opened several years ago, makes the case for the Chongqing-style hotpot. It describes h
15、ow it developed from a method used to make cheap offcuts of meat taste delicious. But Chengdu is playing catch-up. In January the city sold a plot of land on condition that the developer build a hotpot museum on part of it.The two cities are among many in China with their own styles of hotpot. Hotpo
16、t restaurants in China are more profitable than other kinds. Haidilao, a well-known Sichuan-based hotpot chain, raised nearly $1bn when it was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange (股票交易所) in September.Not all Chinese warm to hotpot. Some older Sichuanese refuse to be connected with it. They compla
17、in that it is causing overuse of chilli in other dishes that cover up the original genuine flavours. But Chengdus plans for a museum suggest that Sichuan hotpot is not only growing in popularity, but is also becoming symbolic. If it can set the West on fire, officials may hope it will become a delic
18、ious new source of Chinese soft power. There will be plenty of glory for both Chengdu and Chongqing to take pride in if that happens.4. Why are Chengdu and Chongqing competing with each other?A. Because Chengdu people think Chongqing people are pompous.B. Because Chengdu residents like to shoot back
19、 in battles.C. Because they both think they are better at eating spicy food.D. Because they both believe they have the best Sichuan hotpot.5. What is the purpose of building a hotpot museum in Chengdu?A. To compete with Chongqing.B. To advertise Sichuan cuisine.C. To show their love for hotpot.D. To
20、 keep the hotpot tradition.6. What can we infer about hotpot from the last paragraph?A. The two cities have competed only in recent decades.B. More hotpot museums will be built in the future.C. Hotpot is already a source of Chinese soft power.D. People hold a high expectation for hotpot culture.7. W
21、hich can be a suitable title for the text?A. Growing Popularity of Hotpot in Two CitiesB. Two Cities War Over Tastiest Sichuan HotpotC. “No Hotpot, No Happiness” True in Food BusinessD. Private Museum in Chongqing Opened First【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章首段提到，两城就谁做的火锅最好的争论引出论题，随后结合事实：两城先后建立博
22、物馆，相互竞争，最终归结到一点：火锅在国际上的受欢迎程度将会给两城人民带来荣耀，这是政府和人民的期望。【4题详解】细节理解题。结合题干关键词Chengdu and Chongqing competing with each other可以定位到第一段第一句。Chengdu, , has an ancient competition with Chongqing,根据第一段最后一句But they are at war over which has the best Sichuan hotpota type of DIY-cooking that involves boiling vegetab
23、les and slices of meat with chilies and numbing peppercorns. 但是双方还在为谁的火锅最好而争论不休。可知，他们两个城市争论的焦点在于“谁的火锅最好”，选项D符合题意。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。结合题干关键词building a hotpot museum in Chengdu定位到文章的第二段最后两句But Chengdu is playing catch-up. In January the city sold a plot of land on condition that the developer build a ho
24、tpot museum on part of it. 但是成都正在迎头赶上。一月份成都卖了一块地，条件是开发商在里面建一座火锅博物馆。结合本段前两句A private museum in Chongqing, opened several years ago, makes the case for the Chongqing-style hotpot. It describes how it developed from a method used to make cheap offcuts of meat taste delicious. 几年前重庆开了一家私人博物馆，来证明重庆火锅的特色。
25、博物馆展示了重庆火锅从便宜的边角肉片尝起来美味的发展过程。以及最后一段第一句：But Chengdus plans for a museum suggest that Sichuan hotpot is not only growing in popularity, but is also becoming symbolic. 但是成都的博物馆计划表明，四川火锅不仅越来越受欢迎，而且正变得具有象征意义。比较内容可以得出，重庆开了私人博物馆，来展示了重庆火锅从便宜的边角肉片尝起来美味的发展过程，证明重庆火锅的特色；成都卖了一块地，让开发商在里面建一座火锅博物馆，说明四川火锅不仅越来越受欢迎，而且
26、正变得具有象征意义。此举动同样是两城在争斗上的一个表现。选项A符合题意。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。理解最后一段内容：但是成都的博物馆计划表明，四川火锅不仅越来越受欢迎，而且正变得具有象征意义。 如果它能点燃西方人们的吃火锅的欲望，官员们可能希望它能成为中国软实力的一个诱人的新来源。 如果这种情况发生，成都和重庆都会有足够的荣耀值得骄傲。可以得出结论，火锅在国际上的受欢迎程度将会给两城人民带来荣耀，这是政府和人民的期望。选项D符合题意。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。文章首段提到，两城就谁做的火锅最好的争论引出论题，随后结合事实：两城先后建立博物馆，相互竞争，最终归结到一点：火锅在国际
27、上的受欢迎程度将会给两城人民带来荣耀，这是政府和人民的期望。所以，文章的标题应该是：两城之争：谁做出了最好吃的四川火锅。选项B符合题意。故选B项。CUnconfident children can improve their performance in math tests simply by saying nice things to themselves, a study suggests.A total of 212 fourth to sixth graders, aged between 9 to 13 years old, took part in the research. T
28、he children completed a math test in two parts. At the end of the first half, researchers asked the first group of kids to talk to themselves about the amount of effort they would put into the second half of the test before carrying on. The children quietly told themselves: I will do my very best. A
29、nother group was told to consider their ability, by repeating the phrase: I am very good at this. The children were instructed to write down their given phrase, and repeat it to themselves while working on the problems, particularly when they found the work challenging. The rest of the children acte
30、d as the control group, and werent required to say anything. A few days before completing the test, all the kids completed a survey on how they viewed their own and others abilities.Compared with kids who didnt do what is known as self-talking, those with low self-confidence who spoke about the effo
31、rt theyd make did better in the second half of the test. The data led the researchers to conclude children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in school by telling themselves they will put effort into a task.However, the team said they did not
32、find the same result among children with low self-confidence who spoke to themselves about ability, for self-talk about effort is the key. Meanwhile, they pointed out the findings may not relate to children of other ages, and more research is needed to explore this.8. How was the research conducted?
33、A. By telling students to talk about their effort.B. By comparing three groups of students.C. By instructing students to repeat phrases.D. By telling students not to say anything.9. What conclusion did the researchers draw?A. Students may benefit from talking about effort.B. Students should talk abo
34、ut effort in the tests.C. Students can benefit from talking about ability.D. Self-talking helps all students do better in tests.10. We can infer from the last paragraph that the research team is _.A. carelessB. cautiousC. stubbornD. competitive11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
35、?A. Entertainment.B. Health.C. Education.D. Sports.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。一项针对9到13岁孩子的调查发现，不自信的孩子可以通过对自己会努力来提高自己的学习成绩。但该结果只针对这个年段的孩子，其他年龄段或者其他情况下的结果还有待于研究。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的At the end of the first half, researchers asked the first group of kids to talk to themselves about the amount of
36、 effort they would put into the second half of the test before carrying on Another group was told to consider their ability, by repeating the phrase: I am very good at this. The rest of the children acted as the control group, and werent required to say anything. (在前半部分测试结束时，研究人员要求第一组孩子对自己说他们会在后半部分的
37、测试所做出的努力另一组被告知通过重复“我非常擅长这个”来考虑他们的能力剩下的孩子作为对照组，不需要说任何话)和第三段的Compared with kids who didnt do what is known as self-talking, those with low self-confidence who spoke about the effort theyd make did better in the second half of the test.(与那些没有自言自语的孩子相比，那些缺乏自信的孩子在考试的后半部分表现的更好)可知，研究是通过把孩子们分成三组，按照不同的要求进行活动
38、，最后对结果进行对比来进行的。B. By comparing three groups of students.(通过对比三组学生)符合以上说法，故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的The data led the researchers to conclude children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in school by telling themselves they will put effort into a ta
39、sk.(研究人员通过数据得出结论：那些对自己能力有消极想法的孩子，可以通过告诉自己他们会努力完成任务来提高学习成绩)可知，不自信的孩子可以受益于告诉他们自己会努力。A. Students may benefit from talking about effort.(学生可以从谈论努力中获益)符合以上说法，故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段However, the team said they did not find the same result among children with low self-confidence who spoke to themselves ab
40、out ability, for self-talk about effort is the key. Meanwhile, they pointed out the findings may not relate to children of other ages, and more research is needed to explore this.可知，该研究团队说，他们在对自己能力进行自我评价的那些缺乏自信的孩子中没有发现同样的结果，因为自言自语说努力是关键。同时，他们指出这些发现可能与其他年龄段的孩子无关，并且还需要更多的研究来探索这个。由此推测，该研究团队对其研究结果非常谨慎。B
41、. cautious(谨慎的)符合以上说法，故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段的The data led the researchers to conclude children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in school by telling themselves they will put effort into a task.(研究人员通过数据得出结论：那些对自己能力有消极想法的孩子，可以通过告诉自
42、己他们会努力完成任务来提高学习成绩)可知，该研究结果会对不太自信的孩子的学习成绩有帮助。由此推测，这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸的教育版面。C. Education.(教育)符合以上说法，故选C项。DAt some point in elementary school, your science teacher may explained to you that there are 365 days in a year because thats how long it takes for Earth to complete one full journey around the sun. Wha
43、t they might not have explained, however, is that its not exactly 365 daysits actually closer to 365. 2421 days.So, if we want our calendar year to begin right when Earth begins a new turn around the sun, we have to account for roughly an extra quarter of a day each year, or one day every four years
44、. H reports that the Egyptians had already been doing this for a while before Europe finally caught on in 46 BC, when Roman Emperor Julius Caesar and astronomer Sosigenes put their heads together to come up with what we now call the Julian calendar, which includes 12 months, 365 days, and an additio
45、nal leap day every four years on February 29.But rounding 0.2421 up to 0.25 each year created an issue, because it didnt quite add up to a full day every four yearsand that tiny difference meant that after 128 years, the calendar year ended up starting a day before Earth had completed its journey ar
46、ound the sun. By the 14th century, the calendar year was starting 10 days before Earth finished its orbit.In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII sought to correct the error by suggesting that we simply skip a leap day every so often. His Gregorian calendar, which we still use today, rules that we skip the leap
47、day during years which can be evenly divided (被整除) by 100 but not by 400. For instance, the year 2000 included a leap day because it can be divided by 100 and 400; the year 2100, on the other hand, will not include a leap day, since its evenly divided by 100, but not by 400.Gregory XIIIs correction
48、to Caesars overcorrection is itself a bit of an under-correction, so well probably need to reevaluate our leap day design again in about 10,000 years.12. What do the underlined words put their heads together in paragraph 2 mean?A. Come across each other.B. Bump their heads together.C. Compete agains
49、t each other.D. Combine their efforts.13. According to Gregorian calendar, which year may include a leap day?A. 2100.B. 1600.C. 1800.D. 2020.14. What can we learn from the passage?A. Emperor Julius Caesar was also an astronomer.B. Todays calendar exactly agrees with the suns turning.C. The 10-day ea
50、rly start in calendar will always exist.D. The Gregorian calendar is not yet the most accurate.15. Whats the purpose of this passage?A. To point out a mistake made by your science teacher.B. To explain how long Earth makes a trip around the sun.C. To explain in detail why the leap day is needed.D. T
51、o explain the reason why we need a calendar.【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文以日历年365天和实际地球绕太阳的时间不符的话题为切入点，介绍了不同时期的一些统治者或者天文学家计算闰日的方法，以及计算方法可能会随着时间的流逝而改变。目的是为了说明闰日被需要的原因。【12题详解】短语猜测题。根据第二段的H reports that the Egyptians had already been doing this for a while before Europe finally caught on in
52、46 BC, when Roman Emperor Julius Caesar and astronomer Sosigenes put their heads together to come up with what we now call the Julian calendar,可知，H报道说在欧洲最终在公园前46年开始使用闰日之前，埃及人已经这样好一段时间了，那时罗马的统治者凯撒和天文学家Sosigenes put their heads together想出了我们今天所称的公历。根据句意，尤其是come up with what we now call the Julian cale
53、ndar推测划线部分的意思是“共同努力”。D. Combine their efforts.(联合他们的努力)符合以上说法，故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的For instance, the year 2000 included a leap day because it can be divided by 100 and 400 (例如，2000年包含一个闰日，因为它可以被100和400同时整除)可知，能够被100和400同时整除的年份包含一个闰日。选项中的1600年可以同时被它们整除，故该年包含一个闰日。B. 1600.符合以上说法，故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据
54、最后一段的Gregory XIIIs correction to Caesars overcorrection is itself a bit of an under-correction, so well probably need to reevaluate our leap day design again in about 10,000 years.(教皇8世格里高对凯撒公历的纠正本身就是一种有待改正，所以我们可能需要在10000年以后重新评估我们的闰日设计)可推测，格里高历也不是最准确的。D. The Gregorian calendar is not yet the most ac
55、curate.(格里高历也不是最准确的)符合以上说法，故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的So, if we want our calendar year to begin right when Earth begins a new turn around the sun, we have to account for roughly an extra quarter of a day each year, or one day every four years. (因此，如果我们想让我们的日历年恰好从地球绕太阳转一圈的时候开始，我们就会每年多出四分之一天，或
56、者每四年多出一天)和最后一段的Gregory XIIIs correction to Caesars overcorrection is itself a bit of an under-correction, so well probably need to reevaluate our leap day design again in about 10,000 years.(教皇8世格里高对凯撒公历的纠正本身就是一种有待改正，所以我们可能会需要在10000年以后重新评估我们的闰日设计)可知，本文以日历年365天和实际地球绕太阳的时间不符的话题为切入点，介绍了不同时期的一些统治者或者天文学家
57、计算闰日的方法，以及计算方法可能会随着时间的流逝而改变。由此推测本文的目的是，详细地解释为什么我们需要闰日。C. To explain in detail why the leap day is needed.(为了详细介绍为什么闰日被需要)符合以上说法，故选C项。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Water skiingWater skiing is an exciting water sport that can be a ton of fun. You will get to have a ha
58、ppy and joyful adventure every time you go out on the water. _16_ However, once you start, water skiing is a sport you can enjoy whenever you have a boat and enough flat water._17_ Every water skier needs water skisthese are different from snow skis and they also differ depending on the size of the
59、skier and the experience level of the skier. _18_ You will need to find at least two people to go with you on your water skiing adventure. You and everyone you go with will have more fun if the friends you go with also want to water ski. You need a boat, naturally. _19_For your first time water skii
60、ng, you may want to either take a lesson from an expert or find a friend that has experience and is willing to teach you. _20_ The observer rides in the boat, but watches the water skier for any signals and helps the driver know when to start and stop.A. Its no hard task to learn.B. It takes a littl
61、e patience to learn.C. Of course, no one can water ski alone.D. Once prepared, a skier can start the game on his own.E. You will also need a water skiing cable and a life jacket.F. Before you start water skiing, there are a few supplies youll need.G. Of your two helpers, you need one to drive the bo
62、at and one to observe.【答案】16. B 17. F 18. C 19. E 20. G【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了一项有趣的水上运动滑水。【16题详解】此题线索是逻辑。选项B意思为：需要一点耐心去学习它；空后一句中的however表示语义转折。空后一句说明“一旦你开始，滑水就是只要你有船和足够的平坦的水面就可以享受的运动”，与选项B语义出现转折。故选B项。【17题详解】选项F意思为：在开始之前滑水，你需要有一些物资。空后提到“每个滑水运动员都需要滑水板”；“water skis”和选项F中的“supplies”分别是下义词和上义词。故选F项。【18题详解】选项C意思为：
63、当然，没有人能单独去滑水。空后一句提到“你至少需要找到两个人和你一起进行滑水冒险”，是顺承选项C的话题。故选C项。【19题详解】此题线索是逻辑。选项E意思为：您还需要一个滑水缆绳和救生衣。选项E中“当然，你需要一艘船”中的“You will also need”与空前一句中“You need”是递进关系。故选E项。【20题详解】此题线索是词汇复现。选项G意思为：在你的两个帮手中，你需要一个开船、一个观察。空后一句中“观察者坐在船上，观察滑水者的任何信号，帮助驾驶员知道何时开始和停止。”中的“the observer”与选项G中“observe”是同根词复现。故选G项。第三部分 英语知识运用 (
64、共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。This summer, Roman Espinoza put up what he called a blessing box filled with food available to any and all who need it on his lawn (草坪). Roman Espinoza, a 46-year-old New Yorker, hoped to _21_ the pro
65、blem of hunger in his community. He was _22_ that there were plenty of poor and homeless people in his neighborhood, and he also knew that they _23_ needed help. Thats why he decided to construct a blessing box filled with food on his own lawn. People who are in need of food are always _24_ to take
66、something from the blessing box. It mostly holds canned food. He found that not everyone who _25_ food from the blessing box wanted to be known, so they often _26_ until it was dark to avoid _27_. Roman was inspired by a _28_ action at the local community college, where he saw there was a small box
67、with a number of free food _29_ inside that was meant for poor students who couldnt _30_ a snack or a meal. He thought it was such an amazing gesture and decided to try that in front of his own home.Thanks to him, theres a whole community that _31_ donates food and other necessities. Roman is so gra
68、teful that other people are also donating food for the less _32_, and he feels honored that he _33_ others to do so._34_, people started donating things into Romans blessing box, but it definitely didnt _35_ there. In fact, many people had a strong _36_ to build their own blessing box, so they turne
69、d to him for help. And many more wanted to help in their own way. The local Home Depot store, _37_, decided to sponsor all of the wood needed to build new _38_. By _39_ the word and the idea of these amazing food pantries, people can truly make a significant _40_ for the poor in the entire city.21.
70、A. worsenB. updateC. causeD. relieve22. A. ashamedB. awareC. doubtfulD. desperate23. A. sadlyB. hardlyC. badlyD. rarely24. A. allowedB. forbiddenC. requestedD. accompanied25. A. purchasedB. stoleC. swallowedD. took26. A. waitedB. hidC. thoughtD. struggled27. A. enjoymentB. prideC. embarrassmentD. pr
71、eference28. A. terribleB. similarC. naturalD. illegal29. A. itemsB. chainsC. shopsD. projects30. A. resistB. enjoyC. missD. afford31. A. carefullyB. regularlyC. passivelyD. suddenly32. A. intelligentB. dependentC. innocentD. fortunate33 A. inspiredB. invitedC. convincedD. challenged34. A. At timesB.
72、 At onceC. At firstD. At last35. A. failB. stopC. startD. move36. A. abilityB. curiosityC. dislikeD. desire37. A. howeverB. or ratherC. for exampleD. instead38. A. boxesB. communitiesC. storesD. homes39. A. ignoringB. rememberingC. spreadingD. breaking40. A. promiseB. differenceC. judgmentD. comment
73、【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫Roman Espinoza的纽约人通过在自家草坪设立“祝福箱”为穷人和无家可归的人提供给免费的食物。社区其他人在他的启发下也纷纷开始给那些不幸运的人捐赠食物，甚至也设立自己的“祝福箱”。通过传递这样的行为，他们可以为社区的穷人和无家可归者带来很大影响。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Roman Es
74、pinoza，一个46岁的纽约人，希望缓解他所在社区的饥饿问题。A. worsen使加剧；B. update更新；C. cause引起，造成；D. relieve缓解。根据下文的Thats why he decided to construct a blessing box filled with food on his own lawn.可推测，Roman Espinoza想用在草坪给需要的人提供食物的行为在社区缓解饥饿问题，故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道在他所居住的社区还有很多穷人和无家可归的人，并且他也知道他们非常需要帮助。A. ashamed羞愧的； B. a
75、ware知道的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. desperate绝望的，迫切的。根据下文的and he also knew可知此处考查固定短语be aware that“知道”，know和be aware that是同意词复现，故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他知道在他所居住的社区还有很多穷人和无家可归的人，并且他也知道他们非常需要帮助。A. sadly悲伤地；B. hardly几乎不；C. badly急切地；D. rarely稀少地。根据下文的Thats why he decided to construct a blessing box filled with foo
76、d on his own lawn.可知Roman Espinoza知道那些穷人和无家可归的人非常需要帮助，故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些需要食物的人通常被允许可以从这个“祝福箱”里拿吃的。A. allowed允许；B. forbidden禁止；C. requested请求；D. accompanied陪伴。根据句意可知，此处考查短语sb. be allowed to do sth.“某人被允许做某事”，故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现并非每一个从“祝福箱”里拿东西的人都想被别人知道，因此为了避免尴尬他们通常等到天黑才来。A. purchased购买
77、；B. stole偷；C. swallowed吞；D. took拿。根据上文的People who are in need of food are always _4_ to take something from the blessing box.可知此处用“拿”符合语境，take是原词复现，故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现并非每一个从“祝福箱”里拿东西的人都想被别人知道，因此为了避免尴尬他们通常等到天黑才来。A. waited等待；B. hid隐藏；C. thought想，认为；D. struggled挣扎。根据下文的until it was dark可推测他们是等到
78、天黑才来的，故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他发现并非每一个从“祝福箱”里拿东西的人都想被别人知道，因此为了避免尴尬他们通常等到天黑才来。A. enjoyment乐趣；B. pride骄傲；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. preference偏爱。根据上文的He found that not everyone who _5_ food from the blessing box wanted to be known可推测他们觉得从盒子里拿东西很尴尬所以不想让别人知道，故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Roman受到当地社区大学一个相似行为的启发，在那
79、儿他看见在一个小箱子，里面有大量专门为那些买不起快餐或者一顿饭的穷学生准备的免费食物。A. terrible糟糕的；B. similar相似的；C. natural自然而然的；D. illegal违法的。根据上文的what he called a blessing box filled with food available to any and all who need it和下文的where he saw there was a small box with a number of free food可知Roman的想法和社区大学的想法相似，故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：
80、Roman受到当地社区大学一个相似行为的启发，在那儿他看见在一个小箱子，里面有大量专门为那些买不起快餐或者一顿饭的穷学生准备的免费食物。A. items商品，物品；B. chains链条；C. shops商店；D. projects项目。根据上文的a small box with a number of free food可知盒子里装着可以吃的商品，故选A项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Roman受到当地社区大学一个相似行为的启发，在那儿他看见在一个小箱子，里面有大量专门为那些买不起快餐或一顿饭的穷学生准备的免费食物。A. resist反抗；B. enjoy享受；C. miss错过，
81、想念；D. afford买得起。根据上文的poor students可知此处用“买不起”符合语境，故选D项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他，整个社区的人都定期捐赠食物和其它必要物品。A. carefully仔细地；B. regularly定期地，有规律地；C. passively被动地；D. suddenly突然。结合上下文可知，此处是指社区的人在Roman的影响下都定期过来捐赠食物和其它东西，故选B项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Roman非常感激其他人也来给那些没有那么幸运的人捐赠食物，同时他也因为启发别人这样做而感到荣幸。A. intelligent智慧的；B
82、. dependent独立的；C. innocent无辜的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据上文的poor and homeless people可知他们都是不那么幸运的人，故选D项。33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Roman非常感激其他人也来给那些没有那么幸运的人捐赠食物，同时他也因为启发别人这样做而感到荣幸。A. inspired启发；B. invited邀请；C. convinced说服；D. challenged挑战。根据上文的Thanks to him, theres a whole community that _11_ donates food and other nec
83、essities.可知社区的其他人受到Roman的启发，也开始帮助那些不太幸运的人，且上文的Roman was inspired by a _8_ action也有暗示，inspire是原词复现，故选A项。【34题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：一开始，人们开始把捐赠的东西放到Roman的“祝福箱”里，但很显然事情不止于此。A. At times偶尔；B. At once立刻；C. At first一开始；D. At last最后。根据下文的In fact, many people had a strong _16_ to build their own blessing box,可知，一开始人
84、们把东西放在Roman的“祝福箱”里，但后来他们也想设立自己的“祝福箱”，故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，人们开始把捐赠的东西放到Roman的“祝福箱”里，但很显然事情不止于此。A. fail失败；B. stop停止；C. start开始；D. move移动。根据下文的In fact, many people had a strong _16_ to build their own blessing box,可知人们的捐赠行为不会停止于把捐赠物品放到Roman的“祝福箱”里，他们想要有更一步的行为，故选B项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，很多人都有设立他
85、们自己的“祝福箱”的渴望，因此他们求助于他。A. ability能力；B. curiosity好奇心；C. dislike不喜欢；D. desire渴望。根据下文的so they turned to him for help可知此处用“渴望”符合语境，故选D项。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，当地的Home Depot商店决定赞助修建新箱子所需的所有木料。A. however然而；B. or rather更准确地说；C. for example例如；D. instead相反。根据上文的And many more wanted to help in their own way.可知本
86、句是对上文的举例说明，故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，当地的Home Depot商店决定赞助修建新箱子所需的所有木料。A. boxes箱子；B. communities社区；C. stores商店；D. homes家。根据上文的many people had a strong _16_ to build their own blessing box和该句的wood可知此处是指赞助修建“祝福箱”所需的木料，故选A项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过传递语言和这些美好的食物储存柜的想法，人们可以真正对全市的穷人带来巨大影响。A. ignoring忽略；B. reme
87、mbering记得；C. spreading传递；D. breaking打破。根据上文的he feels honored that he _13_ others to do so.可知Roman的行为向社区的其他人传递了帮助穷人和无家可归的人的信息，故选C项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过传递语言和这些美好的食物储存柜的想法，人们可以真正为全市的穷人带来巨大影响。A. promise诺言；B. difference不同；C. judgment判断；D. comment评论。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语make a significant difference“有巨大影响”，故选B
88、项。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。A study, _41_ (lead) by the University of St. Andrews, found a balanced and healthy lifestyle, including becoming fitter, having less stress and sleeping _42_ (long) all gave skin a more healthy-looking colour. Previous _43_ (study) ha
89、ve linked improvements in skin colour to a good diet but the latest study also examined _44_ relationship between general health and skin colour.They measured skin colour with a device that recorded how a rainbow of colours was reflected from the skin and found that both high _45_(fit) and low body
90、fat were associated with a higher skin yellowness.The research team also assessed whether a change in health changed skin appearance. They _46_ (follow) 59 students from sports clubs to measure the training effect _47_ their skin. They found those _48_ became healthier or lost body fat showed an inc
91、rease in skin yellowness. Scientists concluded that exercise and healthy eating were low-cost ways of improving your skin. Any effort _49_ (improve) lifestyle would benefit the skin within a _50_ (relative) short time.【答案】41. led 42. longer 43. studies 44. the 45. fitness 46. followed 47. on 48. who
92、 49. to improve 50. relatively【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了最近的一项研究了肤色和健康状况之间的关系。该研究发现任何改善生活方式的努力都会对肤色有益。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语study和lead之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填led。【42题详解】考查副词的比较级。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词sleep，再结合上文的fitter和less判断此处应用比较级，故填longer。【43题详解】考查名词的数。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为句子主语，由are判断主语是复数名词，故填studies。【44
93、题详解】考查冠词。句意：之前的研究把良好的饮食和肤色的改善联系在一起，但最新的研究也调查了健康和肤色之间是关系。根据句意可知，此处特指健康和肤色之间是关系，应用定冠词，故填the。【45题详解】考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应填名词和下文的fat共同作为句子主语，“健康”不可数，故填fitness。【46题详解】考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，由上文的assessed判断为一般过去时，故填followed。【47题详解】考查冠词。此处考查固定表达effect on“对的影响”，故填on。【48题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，指代人的先行词those在从句中充
94、当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：任何改善生活方式的努力都会在相对短的时间里对皮肤有好处。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作为名词effort的后置定语，effort to improve lifestyle“改善生活方式的努力”，故填to improve。【50题详解】考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词short，故填relatively。第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分35分)第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分, 满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两
95、处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者 (从第11处起) 不计分。I am a senior three student and Im devoted myself to my lessons every day. I dare not waste single minute because I am afraid he will be left behind by other
96、s. With much exams to take, I feel nervous. To make matters worse, I have had difficulty in fall asleep since last week. I cant concentrate myself to the teacher in class, feeling sleepy but tired. Yesterday my parents tell me to have a walk outdoors. “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy,” th
97、ey said to me. So I followed their advices. I felt more relaxing after some rest. I have decided to take more exercise from today on.【答案】1.去掉devoted后的myself2.在single前加a3.heI4.muchmany5.fallfalling6.toon7.butand8.telltold9.advicesadvice10.relaxingrelaxed【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者是一名高三学生，整天忙于学习，但是却出现了睡眠问题，也无法
98、集中注意力，父母建议他出去走走，作者感觉好多了并下决心从明天开始多锻炼。【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：我是一名高三学生，我每天埋头于功课。devote是动词，常用的搭配是devote oneself to或者be devoted to，根据“Im devoted”可知，此处应去掉myself。故去掉devoted后的myself。2.考查冠词。句意：我一分钟也不敢浪费，因为我怕落后于别人。minute是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且single首字母的发音为辅音音素，应加冠词a。故在single前加a。3.考查代词。根据“I am afraid”可知，此处是指害怕“我”落后于别人，故将he改为I
99、。4.考查形容词。句意：有很多考试要考，我觉得紧张。exams是可数名词复数，应用many修饰，much修饰不可数名词。故将much改为many。5.考查固定搭配。句意：使事情更糟糕的是，我自从上周就入睡困难。have difficulty in doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，故将fall改为falling。6.考查介词。句意：在课堂上我无法使自己集中注意力在老师身上，感觉困倦又疲惫。concentrate意为“集中”，常和介词on搭配构成concentrateon。故将to改为on。7.考查连词。sleepy和tired是并列关系，应用and连接。故将but改为and
100、。8.考查时态。句意：昨天我的父母告诉我去户外散散步。根据时间状语Yesterday可知，本句应用一般过去时。故将tell改为told。9.考查名词。句意：所以我听从了他们的建议。advice是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将advices改为advice。10.考查形容词。句意：休息之后我感觉更放松。relaxing意为“令人放松的”，通常指物，relaxed意为“感到放松的”，通常指人的感受。本句主语是I，故将relaxing改为relaxed。第二节 书面表达 (共1小题；满分25分) 52.假定你是李华，你校学生会将举办一年一度的“校园美食节”活动，请你作为学生会主席给外教Mr. Joh
101、nson写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 邀请他参加；2. 介绍美食节情况；3. 期待回复。注意：1. 词数100左右。2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3. 开头结尾已经写好，不计收入总词数。Dear Mr. Johnson,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Mr. Johnson,On behalf of the Student Union I would like to invite you to join us in The Delicious Food in School, which is held every year in our school.The activity
102、 will be held from 9:00am to 3:00pm next Sunday in the square of our school. There will be much famous local food then, and you can have a taste of what you like. Whats more, we have invited some people to show us how to made dumplings, zongzi, spring rolls and other traditional food, so you will ha
103、ve a chance to make the food with your own hands. I know that you are fond of our local food, so this will surely be a unique experience for you.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生代表学生会邀请外教Mr. Johnson参加“校园美食节”，并告知活动相关情况。【详解】体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主结构：总分总 要求：1. 邀请他参加；2.
104、介绍美食节情况（时间，地点，内容等）；3. 期待回复。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）on behalf of/ would like to do sth./ annually/ local/ be fond of/ have a taste of/ unique/ look forward to第三步：连词成句1. On behalf of the Student Union I would like to invite you to join us in The Delicious Food in School, which is held every year in our school.2.
105、 The activity will be held from 9:00am to 3:00pm next Sunday in the square of our school. 3. There will be much famous local food then, and you can have a taste of what you like. 4.Whats more, we have invited some people to show us how to made dumplings, zongzi, spring rolls and other traditional fo
106、od, so you will have a chance to make the food with your own hands.5. I know that you are fond of our local food, so this will surely be a unique experience for you.6. Looking forward to your reply.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ w
107、here第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：On behalf of the Student Union I would like to invite you to join us in The Delicious Food in School, which is held every year in our school.中which引导定语从句；I know that you are fond of our local food, so this will surely be a unique experience for you.中that引导宾语从句。
