1、课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点词性互换一、多样表达1更喜欢：prefer v. preference n； prefer to have a preference for2重要：important adj. be of importance 3讨论：discuss v. make a discussion n.4倾向于：tend v. tendency n； tend to have a tendency to5缺乏：lack v. have a lack of6需要：need v. have a need for7决定：decide v. make a decision8解释：explai
2、n v. give an explanation of9学习：learn/study v. learning/study n.10强调：emphasize v. put an emphasis on11创造：create v. creativity n. creative adj.12调查：investigate v. investigation n. investigative/investigatory adj.13各种不同：various adj. variety n.14重大：significant adj. be of significance 15贡献：contribute v.
3、make a contribution to16比较：compare v. make a comparison二、佳句观摩1I prefer to serious novels to popular fictions.I have a preference for serious novels to popular fictions.我喜欢读严肃小说胜于通俗小说。2Many young people lack caring adults in their lives.Many young people have a lack of caring adults in their lives.许多
4、青少年在生活上缺少成人来关心。3His speech emphasized the importance of attracting industry to the town.His speech put an emphasis on the importance of attracting industry to the town.他的发言强调了吸引工业到城镇的重要性。4Your success today may be very significant for your whole future.Your success today may be of great significance
5、 for your whole future.你今天的成功对你的整个未来可能是重要的。三、佳句仿写用同义词替换下列句子中的黑体部分1He tends to get angry if he is criticizeDHe has_a_tendency_to_get_angry if he is criticizeD他受到批评时容易生气。2He has decided to buy a new computer.He has_made_a_decision_to_buy a new computer.他已决定买一台新电脑。3We should contribute to keeping our s
6、chool clean and tidy.We should make_a_contribution_to keeping our school clean and tidy.我们应当为保持校园整洁、卫生做贡献。.阅读理解A语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会体育运动2022年北京冬奥会和冬残奥会吉祥物介绍(2021沈阳市高三质量监测) A cute panda “from the future” and a traditional red lantern signifying (表示) Chinas past were uncovered as the respective mascots (吉祥
7、物) for the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics on Tuesday.Just over a year since submissions of proposals were first invited for the project，panda Bing Dwen Dwen and red lantern Shuey Rhon Rhon were revealed as the winners at Beijings Shougang Ice Hockey ArenABing Dwen Dwen is described as a panda
8、wearing an icy shell that is stylized as a sports helmet.The outfit is similar to a spacesuit，so the panda can be imagined as a winter sports athlete from the future.Many details of the design refer to significant elements of Beijing 2022.A series of colored floating lines around its head resemble t
9、racks on an ice rink，similar to one of the Games venuesthe National Speed Skating Oval，also known as the “Ice Ribbon”Bing means “ice”，which is a symbol of purity and toughness，in line with the spirit of the Olympics.Dwen suggests health and intelligence，with the repetition of the word giving it a mo
10、re informal，friendly feel.Altogether，Bing Dwen Dwen is a representation of physical strength，mental toughness and the spirit of the Olympics.Paralympic mascot Shuey Rhon Rhon is equally complex in its meaning.It resembles a Chinese red lantern，commonly seen on doors and streets during Chinese New Ye
11、ar，which in 2022 falls three days before the Olympic Winter Games opening ceremony.Red lanterns symbolize happiness，harvest and wealth，while the crownlike “Ruyi” is a symbol of royal authority in Chinese culture.Shuey Rhon Rhons head is adorned(装饰)with designs of pigeons by paper cutting.Their arran
12、gement forms the shape of the Temple of Heaven，one of Beijings most famous landmarks.The blush on the mascots cheeks adds a festive feel，with the color red associated with good luck.Shuey means “snow”，while Rhon Rhon are two different Chinese characters with the same pronunciation.The name symbolize
13、s harmony and exchanges between different cultures，and building a community with a shared future.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和冬残奥会吉祥物“雪容融”的外观、设计理念及象征意义。“冰墩墩”是以熊猫为原型进行设计创作的，表现了奥林匹克运动会的精神；而“雪容融”是以灯笼为原型进行设计创作的，融入了许多中国文化元素。1What is this text mainly about?AThe designers of the mascots for Beijin
14、g 2022.BThe process of designing the mascots for Beijing 2022.CThe schedule of designing the mascots for Beijing 2022.DThe mascots appearance and symbolic significance for Beijing 2022.解析：D考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和冬残奥会的吉祥物“雪容融”的外观及象征意义，故D项正确。2What does the underlined word “outfit” in
15、Paragraph 3 refer to?AA piece of cloth.BA set of clothes.CA series of decorations.DA bunch of buttons.解析：B考查词义猜测。根据第三段第一句中的“wearing an icy shell”和画线词所在句中的“is similar to a spacesuit”可推知，画线词是指熊猫所穿的是类似于太空服的“一套服装”，故选B项。3What does the name of the mascot Shuey Rhon Rhon represent?APurity and toughness.BSt
16、rength and beauty.CHealth and intelligence.DHarmony and exchanges.解析：D考查细节理解。根据最后一段最后一句可知，“雪容融”这个名字象征着不同文化之间的和谐和交流，故D项正确。4Where is this text most likely from?AA poster. BA novel.CA newspaper. DA travel brochure.解析：C考查文章出处。本文主要介绍了2022年北京冬奥会吉祥物“冰墩墩”和冬残奥会吉祥物“雪容融”的外观及象征意义；又根据文中的一些用词，如第一段中的“on Tuesday”和第
17、二段表述的内容：自从征集提案一年来，作为北京奥运会吉祥物的获胜者“冰墩墩”和“雪容融”在北京首钢冰球馆揭晓亮相可推知，本文可能摘自报纸，故选C项。B语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我个人经历参观文艺复兴之城Im interested in the Renaissance (文艺复兴)，so I like visiting ancient Italian cities.Ferrara is called City of the Renaissance.When I learned about this city on the Internet，I decided to pay a visit to
18、it.The city has a certain charm，but I find it isnt as great as other Italian cities like Verona，let alone Venice or Rome.The Michelin Green Guide gives it two stars，which is right.I first visited the city centre.The Cathedral and Castello Estense are at the heart of the city.Both have striking appea
19、rances.I visited the Cathedral first.Castello Estense is also worth visiting，which owes its name to the powerful Este family.It was built with bricks and surrounded by a moat(护城河).At the lower levels，the history of the city and the Este family are told through displays，and in another part the ceilin
20、gs are shown through mirrors on the grounDIn the north，we can appreciate the Renaissance extension of the town，with straight streets and monumental houses.The famous Palazzo dei Diamanti lies here.When I was visiting it，it started to rain，so after taking a few photos quickly，I cut my visit there sho
21、rt.It had been raining for a few days.When the rain ceased，I went to visit the historical centre and the Renaissance buildings.After leaving there，I visited several other interesting places such as palaces and the narrow streets of the downtown.After four hours in Ferrara I left by train to MantuATh
22、ere I had a much better time.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，所以作者喜欢参观意大利的古老城市。费拉拉被称为文艺复兴之城，作者在网上了解了这座城市之后决定去参观。本文介绍了这座城市的一些地方并讲述了作者的参观过程。5Why did the author pay a visit to Ferrara?ABecause it is related to the Renaissance.BBecause it is full of charm.CBecause it is a very famous city in Europe.DBecause it
23、is strongly recommended by a website.解析：A考查细节理解。根据第一段前两句可知，作者对文艺复兴感兴趣，费拉拉被称为文艺复兴之城，即它与文艺复兴有关，所以作者去参观了费拉拉，故A项正确。6What did the author think of The Michelin Green Guides comment on Ferrara?ARidiculous. BReasonable.CUnacceptable. DUnbelievable.解析：B考查细节理解。题干问的是作者如何看待米其林绿色指南对费拉拉的评价。根据第二段中的“but I find it i
24、snt as great as other Italian cities like Verona，let alone Venice or Rome.The Michelin Green Guide gives it two stars，which is right.”可知，作者认为费拉拉不如像维罗那等意大利城市好，更不用说威尼斯和罗马了，米其林绿色指南给这个城市评两颗星是合理的。故B项正确。7How could Castello Estense probably get its name according to the text?AIt came from the historical bu
25、ildings.BIt originated from the straight streets.CIt was named after the powerful Este family.DIt was connected to the surrounding moat.解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第五句可知，埃斯坦塞城堡的名字起源于强大的埃斯特家族，即以这个家族的名字命名，故C项正确。8What can we infer from the text?AThe writer thought Ferrara was as great as Venice.BThe writer visited
26、 Palazzo dei Diamanti for a long time.CThe writer was much more satisfied with the tour in Mantua than in FerrarADThe writer was disappointed with the visit to the Cathedral and Castello Estense.解析：C考查推理判断。根据尾段最后两句可知，作者在曼图亚度过了更加愉快的时光，并结合第二段尾句可推知，与费拉拉相比，作者对于曼图亚之旅更满意，故C项正确。.完形填空语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我人际关系乐于助人
27、(2021山东省新高考质量测评联盟联考)Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside.I _1_ how I would get home.The 12mile route took me up and down steep hills and around _2_ turns.I whispered a prayer for _3_My old green Blazer SUV was doing wonderfully over the _4_ roadway._
28、5_ as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping, and I decided it was time to _6_ to fourwheel drive.Slowly the tires _7_ the road, and the top came _8_ sight.Unfortunately, I had just made it when the _9_ stoppeDI pushed and pulled the lever (杠杆)nothing hap
29、peneDI was _10_ with snow and ice balls arounDEven though I had met no one on this lonely road, I hoped someone might come to _11_After a few minutes, I _12_ an old pickup truck.A smiling young man Id never seen before rolled down his window, asking if I needed help.I ensured him I diDThen he showed
30、 me how to operate the fourwheeldrive shifting gear (齿轮), locking it into _13_14_， I got the Blazer starting.When I thanked the stranger and asked if he lived around the area, he just said，“Oh, over there.”Do I believe in angels? You _15_！文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在风雪交加的一天开车回家，12英里的路线让作者在陡峭的山上上下颠簸，车辆在冰
31、雪覆盖的路面上出现了问题，一个好心人帮助了作者，使得作者认为好心人就像天使一样。1Awondered BrealizedCassumed Dstated解析：A句意：我不知道怎么回家。wondered想知道；对感到惊讶；realized意识到；实现；assumed假设；认为；stated说明；写明。根据前文“Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside.(冰雪拍打着窗户，风几乎把外面的一切都吹走了。)”可知，户外环境很恶劣，作者认为“回家”成为了一个问题，不知道该怎么
32、办。故选A项。2Asmooth BsharpCsimple Dslight解析：B句意：这条12英里的路线让我在陡峭的山上上下颠簸，还绕了几个急转弯。smooth光滑的；sharp急剧的(转弯)；simple简单的；slight轻微的。根据前文“steep hills”可知山坡很陡峭，因此会有急转弯(sharp turns)。故选B项。3Aliberty BpriorityCsafety Drecovery解析：C句意：我低声祈祷安全。liberty自由；priority优先处理的事；safety安全；recovery痊愈；好转。根据前文“Ice and snow were beating t
33、he window and the wind almost swept everything away outside.”“The 12mile route took me up and down steep hills and around _ turns.”可知，天气状况恶劣，路况恶劣，因此可知作者希望能够“安全”到家。故选C项。4Aicecovered BfloodruinedCbadlybuilt Dwellequipped解析：A句意：我那辆旧的绿色开拓者越野车在冰雪覆盖的路面上行驶得很好。icecovered冰封的；floodruined洪水破坏的；badlybuilt建的很差；w
34、ellequipped装备充足的。根据前文“Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside.”可知，冰雪拍打着窗户，风几乎把外面的一切都吹走了，在这样的天气下，道路应是结冰了。故选A项。5ABut BOrCSo DAnd解析：A句意：但当我爬上其中一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑，于是我决定是时候改用四轮驱动了。But但是；Or或者；So因此；And和；而且。分析可知，本句“as I climbed one of the steepest and scari
35、est hills, I noticed the tires were slipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑)”与前文“My old green Blazer SUV was doing wonderfully over the _ roadway.(我那辆旧的绿色开拓者越野车在冰雪覆盖的路面上行驶得很好。)”为转折关系。故选A项。6Aattend BappealCswitch Dlead解析：C句意：但当我爬上其中一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑，于是我决定是时候改用四轮驱动了。attend参加；出席；appeal吸引；switch转向；lead
36、引领；通往。根据前文“as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping(当我爬上一座最陡峭、最可怕的山时，我注意到轮胎在打滑)”可知，轮胎开始打滑，作为司机，作者应是采取措施避免打滑，开启四轮驱动。switch to“切换到；转到；转变成”，符合语境表达。故选C项。7Alost control of Btook charge ofCgot along with Dheld on to解析：D句意：轮胎慢慢地贴在路面上，山顶映入眼帘。lost control of失控；to
37、ok charge of负责；got along with和睦共处；held on to坚持；紧握。根据前文“as I climbed one of the steepest and scariest hills, I noticed the tires were slipping, and I decided it was time to _ to fourwheel drive.”可知作者注意到轮胎在打滑，开启了四轮驱动，因此可知，汽车不再打滑，车轮贴在地面上了。故选D项。8Ainto BbeyondCover Dfrom解析：A句意：轮胎慢慢地贴在路面上，山顶映入眼帘。into进入；be
38、yond超出；over遍及；多于；from来自于。come into sight，固定结构，意为“出现在眼前，可以望见”。故选A项。9Awind BsnowCvehicle Ddriver解析：C句意：不幸的是，我刚要向坡上开，车就停了下来。wind风；snow雪；vehicle车辆；driver司机。根据后文“I pushed and pulled the levernothing happeneD( 我推了一下然后又拉了控制杆什么也没发生。)”可知，作者推拉控制杆应该是因为车停了下来。故选C项。10Ahurt BstuckCengaged Dpanicked解析：B句意：我被雪和冰球困住了
39、。hurt伤害；stuck粘住；卡住；engaged从事；吸引；panicked使恐慌。根据前文背景句“Ice and snow were beating the window and the wind almost swept everything away outside.”以及“I had just made it when the _ stoppeD”可知，雪下的很大，风也很强烈，且作者的车行驶不了了，应是卡住了。be stuck with“无法摆脱；陷在”。故选B项。11Alife BpowerChelp Dmind解析：C句意：虽然在这条僻静的路上我一个人也没有遇见，但我希望有人能
40、来帮助我。life生命；power力量；能力；help帮助；mind想法；才智。结合句子“Even though I had met no one on this lonely road, I hoped someone might come to _”句意可知，作者希望在这条孤单的路上能有人出现帮忙。故选C项。12Aboarded BmissedCcalled Dspied解析：D句意：几分钟后，我发现了一辆旧的小卡车。boarded登上(火车、船或飞机)；missed错过；想念；called呼叫；拜访；spied从事间谍活动；突然看见；认出。根据后文“an old pickup truck
41、”可知，作者应是看到了一辆小货车。故选D项。13Acomfort BsceneCaction Dplace解析：D句意：然后他向我展示如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置，并把它锁在适当的位置。comfort舒服；安慰；scene场面；景象；action行动；行为；place地方。结合句子“Then he showed me how to operate the fourwheeldrive shifting gear, locking it into_”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置，且需要将其锁住在恰当的位置。故选D项。14ABy no means BIn no timeCIn so
42、me way DIn the meanwhile解析：B句意：很快，我就启动了车子。By no means绝不；In no time立刻，很快；In some way在某些方面；在某种程度上；In the meanwhile同时；在此期间。根据前文“Then he showed me how to operate the fourwheeldrive shifting gear, locking it into_”可知，这个年轻人教给作者如何操作四轮驱动换挡装置以及如何锁住到恰当的位置，因此作者的车又可以发动起来了，B项“in no time”可表达作者当时的急切且激动的心情。故选B项。15A
43、fail BapproveCcount Dbet解析：D句意：我相信天使的存在吗？(当然)你说的没错。fail失败；approve喜欢；赞赏；count数数；bet对下注； 下赌注。结合句子“When I thanked the stranger and asked if he lived around the area, he just said，Oh, over there.Do I believe in angels? (当我向陌生人道谢并问他是否住在附近时，他只是说：“哦，在那边。”我相信有天使吗？)”可知，作者认为帮助他的这个陌生人像天使一样，因此本句应是非常肯定的回答。“You b
44、et！”表达“当然；肯定地”含义，符合语境和作者的心境。故选D项。.应用文写作(2021山东省高三开学质量检测) 假定你是李华，上周一你校举行了高三成人礼仪式。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1活动时间、地点；2活动内容：走龙门、成人宣誓等；3个人感悟。参考词汇：龙门Longmen；宣誓make an oath注意：1.词数80左右；2请按如下格式作答。One possible versionThe ComingofAge CeremonyLast Monday witnessed an exciting ComingofAge ceremony.All the senior three
45、students gathered on the playground at 7：00 am sharp in the morning.There were various activities to celebrate the coming 18yearold birthday.One of them was walking across Longmen, which means a brilliant future waiting for us diligent students.What impressed me most was the moment when all of us made an oath about what should be done as civilized youths.Thanks to the ceremony, I realize I have grown up and I should be selfdisciplined and responsible for my behavior.
