1、Module 5 The Great Sports PersonalityPeriod 3 Grammar语法专题课 状语从句【课前热身】观察下面的句子,用适当的连词完成句子,并体会其用法。_ he retired at the age of 26,he had won 106 gold medals in major competitions across the world.When_ _ he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport,Li Ning retired with the feeling thathe had
2、 failed.He was disappointed _ he had not performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.Even thoughbecauseThe Spanish and French gymnastics teams wear Li Ning clothes,_ Italian designers are employed by the company to create new styles._ you are a great sportsperson,anything is possible,as Li Nings adver
3、tising slogan says.whileIf【课堂诠解】在复合句中作状语的从句就是状语从句,它主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词,现分别列举如下:1.时间状语从句。常用引导词:when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,every time,each time,next time,the first time,还有表示“刚一就”的:as soon as,the minute,the moment,the second,t
4、he instant,immediately,directly,instantly,no sooner.than,hardly.when,scarcely.when等。(2018全国卷)I didnt realize how right my parentswere _ I entered high school.直到我进入高中,我才意识到我的父母是多么的正确。The children began to read aloud the moment they saw the teacher come in.译:_,孩子们就开始大声朗读起来。until一看见老师进来_ had we gathere
5、d in the wheat when it began to rain.我们刚把小麦收进来就开始下雨了。_ _ I listen to your advice,I get into trouble.每次我听了你的建议我都陷入麻烦。Hardly/ScarcelyEvery time【易混辨析】when从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词;还可以表示“这时候”while从句谓语动词只能是延续性动词,强调对比as强调同时进行,相当于“一边一边”【名师指津】no sooner.than,hardly/scarcely.when结构中的no sooner和hardly/scarcely用
6、于句首时,主句部分要部分倒装。2.地点状语从句。常用引导词:where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere等。Generally,air will be heavily polluted _ _ _ _.一般地,在有工厂的地方空气会被严重污染。where thereare factories_ _ _,you should work hard.无论到哪儿,你都要努力工作。Wherever you go3.原因状语从句。常用引导词:because,since,as,now that(既然),in that(原因是,因为),considering that(考虑到),give
7、n that(假定,鉴于)等。Kids shouldnt have access to violent films _they might imitate the things they see.孩子们不应该接触暴力电影,因为他们可能会模仿他们看到的东西。because_ _ everybody has come,lets begin ourconference.既然大家都到齐了,我们就开会吧。Considering that he is 12 years old,his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.(翻译)_,一米八的身高是很突出的。Now th
8、at考虑到他才12岁【易混辨析】because强调原因,语气最强,回答why引导的提问as常用词,不强调原因,语气很弱,译为“鉴于,由于”for并列连词,表示解释性的原因,不可以位于句首now that相当于since,语气弱,强调已知的事实,译为“既然”4.目的状语从句。常用引导词:so that,in order that,in case(以防),forfear that(以防,避免)等。The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the documents _ _ he _ sign them soon.老板让秘书快点赶制文件以便他能尽快签
9、署。so thatcouldTake your umbrella _ _ it rains.带上雨伞以防下雨。in case【名师指津】so that/in order that引导目的状语从句时,从句谓语动词常跟情态动词can/could/may/might等连用。5.结果状语从句。常用引导词:so.that,such.that等。He got up _ early _ he caught the first bus.他起床那么早,以至于赶上了第一班公交车。Its _ a good chance _ we must not miss it.这是如此好的一次机会,我们决不能错过。sothats
10、uchthat【易混辨析】so.that.so+adj./adv.+that.so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that.so+many/much/little(少)/few+n.+that.such.that.such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that.such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that.6.条件状语从句。常用引导词:if,unless,as/so long as,only if,providing/provided that/suppose that/supposing that(假如),on condition that(条件是)等。(2018江苏高考
11、)_you can sleep well,you willlose the ability to focus,plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.除非你能睡得好,否则一到两个晚上后,你将失去集中精力、计划和保持动机的能力。UnlessYou will certainly succeed _ _ _ you keep ontrying.只要你坚持不懈地努力,一定会成功的。so/as long as7.让步状语从句。常用引导词:though,although,as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while(一般用在句首),even if
12、,even though,no matter.等。Busy as he is,he usually goes to the park with his son at weekends.译:_,但是他通常在周末带他的儿子到公园去玩。尽管他很忙_ I was sure I would pass the exam,I had never thought I would get an A.尽管我确定我会通过考试,但我也从没想过会得A。He wont listen _ _ _ you may say.无论你说什么,他就是不听。While/Although/Thoughno matter what【名师指
13、津】(1)用though/although,as 引导让步状语从句时,句中不能用but表示转折语气。(2)as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装,though引导让步状语从句时也可倒装,although引导的让步状语从句不可倒装。(3)though还可以是副词,译为“然而,但是”,用逗号隔开,位于句末。8.比较状语从句。常用引导词:as(同级比较),than(不同程度的比较),themore.the more.等。Their house is three times _ big _ ours.他们的房子是我们房子的三倍大。asas(2018天津高考)Most of us observed much m
14、ore as children _ we do as adults.我们大多数人孩童时比成年时观察到的更多。than9.方式状语从句。常用引导词:as,as if/though,the way等。Remember to do _ the teacher tells you.记住,按照老师告诉你的去做。He ignored me _ _ he hadnt known me before.他对我视而不见,就好像他以前不认识我一样。asas if/thoughSometimes we teach our children _ _ our parents have taught us.有时候我们用我们的父母教导我们的方式教导孩子。the way【名师指津】状语从句一般都遵循“主将从现”原则。即从句用现在时表将来,而主句则可以用将来时,也可以用情态动词和祈使句。【共享课堂】1.主从复合句中,根据主从句的逻辑关系状语从句分为九类,即时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。正确判断主句与从句的逻辑关系是解题的前提。2.熟记九类状语从句的连接词,并弄清楚相似用法的连词的区别。3.学会判断连词在状语从句中的功能,并由此选择正确的连词。
