1、专题四形容词和副词1. (2014安徽卷)My good performance in the job interview left me _ about my future and about what I can do here.A. puzzled B. sensitiveC. optimistic D. embarrassed2. (2014福建卷)With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet is seen as a(n) _ way of reaching target customers.A. temporary
2、B. complexC. accurate D. efficient3. (2014江西卷)Thanks for your directions to the house; we wouldnt have found it _A. nowhere B. howeverC. otherwise D. instead4. (2014浙江卷)Joe is proud and _， never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.A. strict B. sympatheticC. stubborn D.
3、 sensitive5. (2014浙江卷)The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others _ .A. blindly B. unwillinglyC. closely D. carefully6. (2014大纲卷)Raymonds parents wanted him to have _ possible education.A. good B. better C. best D. the best7. (2014大纲卷)Henry was away fr
4、om home for quite a bit and _ saw his family.A. frequently B. seldomC. always D. usually8. (2014湖北卷)What was so _ about Jasmine Westlands victory was that she came first in the marathon barefooted.A. awful B. essentialC. impressive D. obvious 9. (2014湖北卷)Instead of blaming the child who had broken t
5、he vase, she gave him a _ smile and let him go.A. cautious B. gratefulC. tolerant D. wild 10. (2014湖北卷)Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said _， “Dont be so mean”， pointing a finger of warning at her.A. dreadfully B. guiltilyC. indirectly D. sharply 1. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：在求职面试中，我的优秀表现让我对自
6、己的未来和在这里能够做的事情乐观。puzzled(困惑的)；sensitive(敏感的)；optimistic(乐观的)；embarrassed(尴尬的)。根据“My good performance in the job interview”，说明“我”对自己未来很有信心。2. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：随着网络购物越来越流行，因特网被看作是找到目标客户的高效的方法。temporary(暂时的)；complex(复杂的)；accurate(准确的，精确的)；efficient(高效的)。根据上半句可知，网络购物的流行让我们很容易就会找到目标客户，所以因特网是一个很高效的方法。3. 【答案】
7、 C【解析】 nowhere(任何地方都不，无处)；however(然而)；otherwise(否则，要不然)；instead(代替，而不是)。由“we wouldnt have found”可知本句是含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，表示的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，otherwiseif there had not been your directions to the house。4. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：Joe骄傲且固执，从来都不承认他错了，而且总是责备别人。strict(严格的)；sympathetic(同情的，富有同情心的)；stubborn(固执的)；sensitive(敏感的)。根
8、据“never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame”可知他很固执。5. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：教育的宗旨是教会年轻人自己思考，而不是盲从别人。blindly(盲目地)；unwillingly(不情愿地)；closely(密切地)；carefully(仔细地，认真地)。6. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：Raymond的父母亲想要他得到可能的最好的教育。根据常识可知，父母亲当然希望自己的孩子能够得到最好的教育，有最好的发展前途。the best possible educationthe bes
9、t education possible for him。7. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：Harry已经离开家有一段时间了，他很少看见他的家人。frequently(频繁地，经常地)；seldom(很少)；always(总是，一直)；usually(通常)。根据句意可知他已经离开家了，所以很少有和家人见面的机会。8. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：关于Jasmine Westland的胜利给人印象非常深刻的是她赤脚得到了马拉松比赛的第一名。awful(糟糕的，极坏的)；essential(必要的；基本的)；impressive(留有深刻印象的)；obvious(明显的，显然的)。Jasmine
10、 Westland赤脚获得第一名，这是最让人难忘的地方。 9. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：她并没有责备打破花瓶的那个孩子，而是对他宽容地笑了一下，并放他离开了。cautious(谨慎的，小心的)；grateful(感激的)：tolerant(宽容的；容忍的，忍受的)；wild(野生的；野蛮的)。根据“Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase”可知她并没有责备他，说明她很宽容。10. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：Sabrina刚说完她的话，Albert就手指着她警告说“不要这么苛刻”。dreadfully(可怕地，恐怖地)；gui
11、ltily(有罪地；内疚地)；indirectly(间接地)；sharply(严厉地，尖刻地)。根据“Dont be so mean”以及“pointing a finger of warning at her”说明Albert说话的语气很严厉。高考直接考查形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成形式的题不多见，主要考查形容词和副词的比较级、最高级在句子中的合理运用。形容词和副词在句中的位置，常见结构的考查与语境相结合，增加了难度。同时，加强考查在具体语境中选择使用恰当形容词和副词的能力。要点储备一：形容词的位置1. 形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置1修饰some, any, every, no
12、和body, thing, one等构成的复合不定代词时nobody absent, everything possible2以able, ible结尾的形容词可置于有最高级或only修饰的名词之后the best book available, the only solution possible3alive, alike, awake, aware, asleep, alone, available等形容词可以后置the only person awake4和空间、时间、单位连用时a bridge 50 meters long5表同义或反义的两个形容词一般后置，并用逗号与前后内容隔开The
13、 novel, interesting and instructive, is sure to appeal to the young. Countries, big or small, should be equal.6某些形容词作定语时，前置后置意义不同present(目前的)(出席，到场的); left(左边的)(剩下的); concerned(担忧的)(相关的)；the responsible person(可依赖的人)，the man responsible(应负责的人)；the absent students(心不在焉的学生)，the students absent(缺席的学生)2
14、. 多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序：记忆技巧有： 壮大形新颜国材 名词； 限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老；颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。其中“限定词”包括：冠词、物主代词、指示代词、数词，它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位，即：前、中、后。前位限定词有all, half, both，分数和倍数；中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等；后位限定词有基数词和序数词，但序数词位于基数词前。如：both my hands, all half his income等。“描绘”性形容词如：beautiful, bad, cold, great等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如
15、：round, square等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如：wooden, woolen, stone, silk等。“作用类别”的词如：medical, college, writing desk, police car等。如：two beautiful new green silk evening dress两件又新又漂亮的丝绸女士晚礼服I have a big, round, red, wooden, chinese table.我有一个中国制造的木制红色的大的圆桌子。代词数词性状形容词冠词前的形容词冠词指示代词不定代词代词所有格序数词基数词性质状态大小长短性状新旧温度
16、颜色国籍产地材料质地名词 all both suchthe athisanothersecondnextonefourbeautifulgoodpoorlargeshortsquarenewcoolblackyellowChineseLondon silkstone要点储备二：形容词的一些特殊用法1theadj./v.ing /v.ed 表一类人或物the dead, the living, the rich, the wounded2用作副词，修饰另一形容词dead/sound asleep熟睡， dead tired累的要死， wide open大开的， awful sick病重3以ly结
17、尾的形容词brotherly, deadly, friendly, likely, lively, lonely, lovely, orderly, silly, timely, ugly4ly结尾的既作形容词，又作副词daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, early5表语形容词(有副词修饰时，可作前置定语，或可作补语)(un)well, ill, faint, drunk, unable，(well)worth, sure, (well)content，(very much) afraid, alike, alive, alone, (fast/sound)asle
18、ep, (wide/half)awake, aware, ashamed，afloat6形容词(短语)作状语表示伴随或结果，并不表动作的方式He returned home, safe and sound. The man fell down on the ground, dead. He is standing there, full of fear.要点储备三：副词的位置较灵活，可置于句首、句中、句尾，主要用来修饰形容词、副词、介词短语、动词或句子1频度副词常放be动词、助动词之后，行为动词之前，或放第一助动词之后We should always work hard. He has nev
19、er been told about it.2方式副词well, badly, hard等只放在句尾He speaks English very well/fluently.3程度副词常放在被修饰词之前Im quite/pretty sure he will come to the party.4enough作副词时，要放在形容词之后，enough作形容词时，放在名词前后均可；strangely enough(很奇怪)放句首，修饰整句；cant 与enough 连用；等同于cant too much(再也不为过)I dont know him well enough. There is eno
20、ugh food/ food enough for everyone to eat. Strangely enough, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. I cant thank you much enough for your help.要点储备四：两种形式不同意义不同的副词1hard(努力地；猛烈地) hardly(几乎不)常与can, could连用They study English very hard. You can hardly see a person s
21、pit in a public place.2late(晚，迟)lately(近来)He should have come late for such an important meeting！How are you going lately？3most(极，非常；大多数；最，十分) mostly(主要地；多半地，大部分地)I was at home most of the time when I was free. This is the most exciting part of the film. She is mostly out on Sundays.4wide(广阔的；大大地)wi
22、dely(广泛地)Open your mouth wide, and say “Ah”Computer is now widely used in the world.5high(高) highly(高度地；非常地)jump/fly high His latest novel is highly thought of by the press.6deep(深；迟) deeply(深深地)deep into the night, dig deep We were deeply moved by the touching film.7close(接近地) closely(仔细地，密切地)get/c
23、ome/go/sit/stand close to sth., come close to (doing) sth. watch sth. closely, be closely associated with., a closely guided secret8near(邻近) nearly(几乎)I was standing just near enough to hear what they were saying. Shes nearly as tall as her father now.Theyd eaten nearly everything before we arrived.
24、9free(免费地； 脱离束缚) freely(自由地，无拘束地；大方地，慷慨地； 爽快地)I let the dogs run free / freely in the park.The elderly travel free on public transport.Millions of people gave freely in response to the famine appeal.归纳：不带ly的副词表具体含义，多位于动词(宾语)的后面或介词之前；有时与过去分词构成复合词；带ly的副词表抽象含义，常修饰形容词、副词、过去分词；修饰的位置不限10lonely(孤独的； 荒凉的)al
25、one(独自一人；仅，只) alone放在名词或代词之后是今年的热点She gets lonely now that all the kids have left home.He likes living alone in the house.I dont like the man and Im not alone in that.These facts alone show that hes not to be trusted.11too much 可作表语、定语、主语、宾语；v.too much；much too adj./adv.I cant look after six childre
26、n at my ageits too much.Too much has been discussed about it.The task is much too difficult for a boy of 14.12almost, nearly意思相近，都表示“几乎、将近”，常可以互换。 但与否定词连用时，用almost，不用nearlyalmost no 相当于hardly any(几乎没有)；almost any.(几乎任何)；almost too.(简直太)；almost more than.(远远大于/超过)He had done almost nothing today. Alm
27、ost nobody/Hardly anybody understood his words. The word can be found in almost any dictionary. He spoke almost too fast for me to catch him. This result was almost more than we expected. 注意：not nearlyanything butfar fromnowhere nearnot at allnot a bit意为“一点也不；远非，绝不是”13a bit 与a little 经常当作副词使用，修饰形容词或
28、副词的原级或比较级，可以互换，语气比rather弱（=kind of /sort of）; a little+不可数名词， a bit+of+不可数名词This digital camera is a bit/ a little expensive.It is a little/ a bit colder than yesterday.Go and get a little water for me, please.注意：not a bit=not at all, 意为“根本”，not a little=not a few=many意为“非常，不是一点”要点储备五：热点考词1ratheradj
29、./adv./tooThe weather was rather worse than we had expected. The task is rather too difficult for a boy of 7.2也 also 肯定句。置于助动词之后，行为动词之前 too肯定句。句尾或助动词之后，行为动词之前 as well肯定句。放句尾。 so肯定句。放句首，需倒装。 as肯定句。连词，放句首，需倒装。 as well as肯定句。连接对称结构。He will also go to the party. He will go to the party(，) too. He will g
30、o to the party as well. If I go to the party, so will he. Ill go to the party, and so will he. Ill go to the party, as will he.He as well as I is going to the party. Not only I but also he is going to the party. Both he and I are going to the party.3either也(不)放否定句句尾；neither放句首，需倒装；nor放句首，需倒装；no more
31、放句首，需倒装He wont go there and I wont go there, either. He wont go there, and neither will I. He wont go there, and nor will IHe wont go there, and no more will I.4tooadj./adv. to do sth.(太而不能做某事) tooready/glad/willing to do sth.表肯定，意为“非常乐意做某事” too. not to do sth.(太不会不做某事) not/never too.to do sth. (做某事
32、决不会太) only too/but too. to do sth. (十分/非常/极其去做某事)The task is too difficult for the boy to complete. The gentleman is too ready to help people in need. He is too careful not to notice the mistake. One is never too old to learn. If you invite him, hell be only too glad to attend.5be worthbe worthy Its
33、 worth (ones) while to do sth./ doing sth.The work is worth the trouble.The piece of music is well worth listening to a second time.His behavior is worthy to be praised. His behavior is worthy of being praised. His behavior is worthy of your praise. Its worth (your) while praising his behavior. Its
34、worth while for you to praise his behavior.6A对于B犹如C对于D一样(重要)A is to B (just) as C is to D.A is to B what C is to D.(just) as C is to D, so is A to BWhat C is to D, that is A to B空气对于我们，犹如水对于鱼一样重要。Air is to us just as water is to fish. Air is to us what water is to fish. Just as water is to fish, so
35、is air to us. What water is to fish, that is air to us.要点储备六：形容词和副词比较等级1同级比较as.as. not so/as.as.I am not so good a player as you are.2可以修饰比较级的词any，much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, some, a great dealHe did not eat any more. Would you like some more coffee？3表示一方随另一方变化
36、时the more.the more.The harder you work, the more progress you will make.4表示倍数的比较级 as as 比较级倍数词 the + n. of B / Bs + n.(size/width/weight/height/length/etc) over + B what C. Our school is three times larger than yours. Our school is four times as large as yours. Our school is four times the size of y
37、ours. The size of our school is four times that of yours. Our school is four times what yours is. Our school is three times over yours.5最高级范围of /among the 复数名词in 地点名词This is the most difficult question in the test. This is the easiest of all the questions.6最高级的修饰词序数词，much, by far, nearly, almost, by
38、 no means, not quite, nothing like, not reallyHow much did the second most expensive hat cost？Of the three boys, Nick is by no means the cleverest.7借自拉丁语的一些形容词，作比较时用介词to, 不用thanbe inferior to.(次于，劣于，比差) be junior to.(少于，次于，低于，小于) be prior to.(在以前，较重要) be senior to.(比年长) be superior to.(胜过， 优于，比好)Thi
39、s computer is inferior to that one in quality. My brother is junior to me by two years. My brother is two years younger than me. Prior to their marriage, they held a press conference.Tom is superior to Jack in ability.要点储备七：几种特殊的比较结构1more than数字over不仅仅非常非所能There are more than 10，000 students in the
40、hall.He is more than a teacher.He is a friend as well.Jack is more than willing/glad/happy/pleased to help others.The beauty here is more than words can describe.2more A than B与其说是B，不如说是AShe was more frightened than hurt.3no more than数字 only比较级，表“两者都不”I cant afford the car, for I have no more than 1
41、，000 yuan.Tom is no taller than Jack. Neither Jack nor Tom is tall.4not more than数字at most比较级，表“A不如B”There are not more than 10 students admitted to Beijing University in this school this year. In fact, the manager is not wiser than the secretary.5not less than数字at least 比较级，表“A不比B不”Not less than a
42、thousand visitors come to our city every year.This painting is not less beautiful than that one.6no less than 数字as much/many as比较级，表“和一样”，用于肯定两者No less than 13 students were drowned that day alone.A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is.7as.as sb. can as.as possible尽力；尽可能Ill work as hard
43、as I can to catch up with him.8as much / many.as as adj. a(n) nas多达；与一样多She has got twice as many medals as expected at this sports game. The boy is as brave a man as his brother.要点储备八：最高级的异形结构(热点)as. as any.(最)as. as ever.(最)no/not. 比较级.than.(没有比更)nothing. more. than.(没有比更)never. more. than.(从来没有比更
44、)形容词比较级 than any else(比其他任何的更)形容词比较级 than any othern.(比其他任何的更)形容词比较级 than any of the other名词复数(比其他任何的更)no/not. so. asn.(没有比更)no/not. so. as to do(没有比更)They are as good players as any Ive seen.It was as pleasant a holiday as I had ever had.I have not seen a better house than this one before.Shanghai
45、is larger than any other city in China.Shanghai is larger than any of the other cities in China.No other city is bigger than Shanghai in China.I couldnt have found a better hotel.He is a man more kind and just than any I had ever met.There is nothing like reading.Nothing is so precious as ones healt
46、h.Nobody is so easy as to get along with him.重点突破形容词和副词的作用与位置；than、enough的用法；倍数表达法；易混淆的形容词、副词的辨析，尤其注意rather than (而不是), more than (不仅仅), other than (除了)的区别；练出“火眼金睛”，能识别“隐藏”的比较等级。应考技巧：词义辨析是重点，语境分析为关键。1. Attracted by its living and working conditions, people from _ cultures choose to settle in America
47、.A. diverse B. familiar C. fantastic D. traditional2. The tall figure that you saw was none _ our new manager.A. rather than B. or ratherC. more than D. other than 3. Early experiences taught me not to be overly _ about shopping by mobile phones because there is a high risk of being cheated. A. part
48、icular B. enthusiasticC. cautious D. casual4. Though brought up in Los Angeles, Steven Davidson spent his whole life _ in New York. A. mostly B. constantlyC. roughly D. merely5. Any behaviour that is repeated enough times will _ become a habit and happen automatically.A. eventually B. virtuallyC. de
49、liberately D. initially6. The young man gave us a _ account of his life as a volunteer in Sichuan.A. vivid B. cautiousC. temporary D. sensitive7. To be honest, I havent received income from any other source. _ I had to borrow money to pay my past two medical bills. A. Fortunately B. ActuallyC. Absol
50、utely D. Necessarily8. Basketball coaches waste no time to search for _ young players of great potential for better performances in the coming season.A. promising B. convincing C. desperate D. admirable 9. Staying one day in a Shangrila Hotel costs _ renting a house in my hometown for a month. A. as
51、 much as three times B. three times the price ofC. as many three times as D. the three times price of10. He showed signs of exceptional skill at chess, but _ enough, maths is not his thing.A. naturally B. strangely C. foolishly D. badly11. The arrow signs at the crossroads pointing in three directio
52、ns represent _ the ways to the museum, the hotel and the stadium.A. practically B. separatelyC. purposely D. frequently12. Were you satisfied with the exam result? Not a _. I should have done much _A. little; better B. bit; badC. little; bad D. bit; better13. The volunteers will do _ to help those i
53、njured in the earthquake.A. everything possible humanlyB. everything humanly possibleC. humanly possible everythingD. humanly everything possible14. The little girl is walking along the beach, happy and joyful, _ bending down to pick up a beautiful seashell.A. approximately B. regularlyC. apparently
54、 D. occasionally 15. Good health is the basis for students to _ carry on with their studies and to do any other activity.A. especially B. dependentlyC. effectively D. reasonably1. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：被它的生活与工作条件吸引，来自不同文化的人选择在美国定居。diverse(不同的；多种多样的；变化多的)；familiar(熟悉的；常见的；亲近的)；fantastic(奇异的；空想的；极好的)；traditio
55、nal(传统的；惯例的)。2. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：你看到的高个子不是别人正是我们新来的经理。none other than(不是别人正是)。3. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：早年的经历教会我不要过分热衷用手机购物，因为受骗的风险很高。particular(特别的；挑剔的)；enthusiastic(热情的；热心的；狂热的)；cautious(谨慎的，小心的)；casual(随便的；非正式的)。4. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：尽管是在洛杉矶长大的，Steven Davidson主要在纽约度过了他整个一生。mostly(主要地；通常；多半地)；constantly(不断地；时常地)；r
56、oughly(粗糙地；概略地)；merely(仅仅，只不过)。5. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：重复足够多次数的任何行为最终会变成习惯并自然发生。eventually(最终)；virtually(事实上，几乎；实质上)；deliberately(故意地)；initially(最初，首先)。6. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：这个年轻人生动地描绘了他在四川做志愿者的生活。vivid(生动的，逼真的); cautious(小心的，谨慎的); temporary(临时的，暂时的；短暂的)；sensitive(敏感的)。7. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：说实话，我没有其他的收入来源。事实上我不得不借钱支
57、付那两单医药费。actually(实际上)；absolutely(完全地；绝对地)；fortunately(幸运地)；necessarily(必然地)。8. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：为了在接下来的赛季中有较好的表现，篮球教练们争分夺秒地寻找有很大潜力的有前途的年轻运动员。promising(有希望的，有前途的)；convincing(令人信服的；有说服力的)；desperate(不顾一切的；令人绝望的；极度渴望的)；admirable(令人钦佩的；值得赞扬的)。9. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：在香格里拉饭店住一天的花费是在我家乡租一个月房子的三倍。考查倍数表达法：倍数then.of B。
58、10. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：他在下棋方面显示出杰出的技能，但十分奇怪的是，数学不是他喜欢的。11. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：十字路口的箭头路标分别指向通往三个不同的方向的路：博物馆，旅馆及体育馆。practically(实际上；几乎；事实上)；separately(分别地；分离地；个别地)；purposely(故意地；蓄意地)；frequently(频繁地，经常地)。12. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：你对考试成绩满意吗？一点也不，我本应该考得好得多。第一空，not a bitnot at all(一点也不)；not a little(非常)。第二空，much后修饰比较级而非原级。
59、13. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：那些志愿者愿意做力所能及的事情来帮助地震中受伤的人。不定代词的修饰词应置于其后，故C、D两项不对；单个副词修饰形容词时置于其前，排除A。14. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：那个小女孩高兴愉快地沿着沙滩漫步，偶尔弯下腰捡一个美丽的贝壳。根据句意可知，此处用occasionally(偶尔，间或)。 approximately(大约); regularly(有规律地；经常地); apparently(显然地)。15. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：对学生而言，健康的身体是他们继续有效学习和做其他活动的基础。especially(特别，尤其)；dependently(依赖地)；effectively(有效地)；reasonably(合情合理地)。 请使用“课后训练语法专项突破四”活页练习，及时查漏补缺！
