1、江苏省南京金陵中学2021届高三英语下学期四月试题（含解析）第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卷上。第一节（共 5 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在相应的位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. When can the woman take a vacation?A. This week. B. At the end of June.
2、C. At the end of August.2. What is the woman trying to do?A. Comfort the man. B. Apologize to the man. C. Invite the man to a party3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The mans hobby. B. Their childhood. C. A holiday plan.4. What is the mans opinion on British food?A. Unhealthy. B. Excel
3、lent. C. Tasteless.5. When does the conversation take place?A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.第二节（共 15 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项选出佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段对话，回答第 6、7 题。6. For
4、what did Jackie call the man up?A. Party. B. A meeting. C. An apartment.7. Who will call the man back at around 5: 00?A. Simon. B. Melissa. C. Angelica.听第 7 段对话，回答第 8、9 题。8. What is the woman doing?A. Working on a report.B. Repairing a computer.C. Preparing for a meeting.9. What does the woman advis
5、e the man to do?A. Check his computer again.B. Ask someone else for help.C. Use a new software program.听第 8 段对话，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. For what does the woman prefer to buy an electric car?A. Its low price.B. Its powerful engine.C. Environmental protection.11. What is the mans attitude towards the wide u
6、se of electric cars?A. Supportive.B. Worried.C. Unconcerned.12. What does the man think this town needs to do?A. Broaden the roads. B. Limit the number of cars. C. Improve public transport.听第 9 段对话，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. How does the man feel about his work?A. Interested. B. Bored. C. Stressed.14. Where
7、did the man go in his last trip?A. To Sudan. B. To Egypt. C. To France.15. For what did the man go to the Seychelles?A. Work. B. Shopping. C. A holiday.16. Where does the man usually sleep during a trip?A. In a hotel. B. In a sleeping bag. C. In a guesthouse.听第 10 段对话，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. How often do
8、team meetings take place?A. Once a term. B. Once a week. C. Twice a year.18. What are members of staff expected to do in training sessions?A. Choose the events theyd like to attend.B. Complete a form about their experiences.C. Inform other colleagues of training requirements.19. How does the speaker
9、 describe all-college training days?A. Relaxing. B. Entertaining. C. Informative.20. Where will the “away day” most probably take place this year?A. In a hotel. B. In the Forest Park. C. In a holiday center.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、 B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂A
10、Tired of your summer break? Here comes a list of best sellers on ABorn a CrimeBy Noah TrevorBorn a Crime is the story of a naughty young boy in South Africa, who grows into a restless young man, the author of the book, as he struggles to find himself in a world where he was never supposed to exist.
11、It is also the story of that young mans relationship with his fearless and religious mother. “Dont cry, Trevor. Trevor, listen. Listen to me. Listen.” “My child, you must look on the bright side.” It was Mothers faith and positive attitude that shaped the young man.How It Feels to FloatBy Helaia Fox
12、If youre looking for a moving story that explores themes of mental illness, grief (悲痛), and love, pick up a copy of How It Feels to Float and follow Biz as she comes of age. This moving novel will stay with you long after you finish reading it.Two Can Keep a SecretBy Karen M. MeManusPut on your crim
13、e-solving cap and get swept away in this thriller about a girl, a boy, and a string of unsolved murders. As threats and clues pile up, youll be burning the midnight oil trying to finish the book before dawn.DuneBy Frank HerbertIf the Star Wars movies have made you fall in love with the space opera,
14、eventually youre going to read Frank Herberts most famous creation. The story of centuries-old political plotting about warring factions (派系) battling over control of the extremely valuable planet Arrakis is a classic and remains a wonderful introduction to the larger, more complex world of science
15、fiction just beyond the Star Wars trilogies.1. Which books are about growth?A. How It Feels to Float and Two Can Keep a Secret.B. Born a Crime and How It Feels to Float.C. Two Can Keep a Secret and Dune.D. How It Feels to Float and Dune.2. What is Two Can Keep a Secret mainly about?A. Challenges of
16、growing up.B. A girls space adventures.C. battling for control of another planet.D. The murders remaining to be settled.3. What kind of book is Dune?A. A love story.B. A science-fiction story.C. An autobiography.D. A fairy tale.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了亚马逊网站畅销的几本书。【1题详解】细节理解题。由Born a C
17、rime下的“Born a Crime is the story of a naughty young boy in South Africa, who grows into a restless young man, the author of the book, as he struggles to find himself in a world where he was never supposed to exist.”（天生罪犯讲述的是南非一个淘气的小男孩成长为一个躁动不安的年轻人的故事，作为这本书的作者，他努力在一个他不应该存在的世界里找到自己。），How It Feels to F
18、loat下的“If youre looking for a moving story that explores themes of mental illness, grief (悲痛), and love, pick up a copy of How It Feels to Float and follow Biz as she comes of age.”（如果你正在寻找一个感人的故事，探讨精神疾病、悲伤和爱的主题，那就拿起一本漂泊的感觉吧，跟着比兹长大。），Two Can Keep a Secret下的“Put on your crime-solving cap and get swep
19、t away in this thriller about a girl, a boy, and a string of unsolved murders.”（戴上你的破案帽，在这部关于一个女孩，一个男孩，和一连串未解的谋杀案的惊悚中一网打尽。），Dune下的“The story of centuries-old political plotting about warring factions (派系) battling over control of the extremely valuable planet Arrakis is a classic and remains a wonde
20、rful introduction to the larger, more complex world of science fiction just beyond the Star Wars trilogies.”（这部有着数百年历史的政治阴谋故事，讲述了交战派系争夺对极为宝贵的阿拉基斯星球的控制权的故事，是一部经典之作，也是对星球大战三部曲之外更大、更复杂的科幻世界的精彩介绍。），可知Born a Crime和How It Feels to Float是关于成长的书籍。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由Two Can Keep a Secret下“Put on your crime-so
21、lving cap and get swept away in this thriller about a girl, a boy, and a string of unsolved murders.”（戴上你的破案帽，在这部关于一个女孩，一个男孩，和一连串未解的谋杀案的惊悚中一网打尽。），可知谋杀案还未解决，说明Two Can Keep a Secret主要关于还未破案的谋杀案的故事。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由Dune下的“The story of centuries-old political plotting about warring factions (派系) battli
22、ng over control of the extremely valuable planet Arrakis is a classic and remains a wonderful introduction to the larger, more complex world of science fiction just beyond the Star Wars trilogies.”（这部有着数百年历史的政治阴谋故事，讲述了交战派系争夺对极为宝贵的阿拉基斯星球的控制权的故事，是一部经典之作，也是对星球大战三部曲之外更大、更复杂的科幻世界的精彩介绍。），可知Dune是对星球大战三部曲之外
23、更大、更复杂的科幻世界的精彩介绍，说明Dune是科幻故事。故选B项。BEuropean researchers say they have created a process that can produce oxygen from moon dust. The process could provide a major source of oxygen for humans taking part in moon exploration activities in the future. Researchers from the European Space Agency，or ESA，ca
24、rried out the experiments at a laboratory in the Netherlands.The team says ESAs experimental“plant”was able to successfully produce oxygen from simulated moon dust. The dust is part of a material known as regolith，a top layer of dirt and rock pieces that sit on the surface of the moon. Samples of re
25、golith returned from the moon have confirmed that the material contains about 45 percent oxygen by weight. However，the oxygen is chemically locked in the form of minerals or glass，so it is not easily available for use. Having real samples of regolith from the moon made it possible for the researcher
26、s to create the simulated moon dust material used during testing.The oxygen extraction(提取)process is carried out using a method called molten salt electrolysis(熔盐电解). This includes first placing the regolith in a metal container. Calcium chloride salt is added to the mixture，which is then heated to
27、950 degrees Celsius. At this temperature，the regolith remains solid. Next，an electrical current is passed through the material. The researchers say it is this step that results in oxygen being extracted from the regolith. The study reported that up to 96 percent of oxygen in the simulated moon dust
28、was extracted during the experiments.ESAs long-term goal is to design an oxygen-producing“pilot plant”to operate full-time on the moon. The first technology demonstration of the system is expected to take place in the middle 2020s. Beth Lomax，a lead researcher on the project，said，“Being able to acqu
29、ire oxygen from resources found on the moon would obviously be hugely useful for future lunar settlers，both for breathing and the local production of rocket fuel. ”The researchers reported that“as a bonus，”the process also results in the production of usable metallic materials.ESA and the US space a
30、gency NASA are both working on plans to return human beings to the moon. NASA has set a goal for 2024 with the aim to keep humans on the moon for long periods.4. Why is oxygen from moon dust difficult to use?A. It is tough for human beings to get moon dust.B. It is chemically fixed in materials or g
31、lass.C. The conditions of moon dust are terrible.D. There exits only a little of it.5. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A. What molten salt electrolysis is.B. Where the value of the study lies.C. How oxygen is extracted from moon dust.D. What is necessary in the oxygen extraction process
32、.6. What is Beth Lomaxs attitude towards the possibility of getting oxygen from moon dust?A. Positive.B. Skeptical.C. Cautious.D. Indifferent.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. Recent Studies of Moon Dust by ResearchersB How Researchers Extracted Oxygen from Moon DustC. Potential Signific
33、ance of Oxygen Extracted from Moon DustD. Researchers Report Extracting Oxygen from Moon Dust Successfully【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。研究人员报告称他们已经成功地从月球尘埃中提取出氧气。这项工程对于未来的月球定居者来说是非常有用的。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“However，the oxygen is chemically locked in the form of minerals or glass，so it is not
34、 easily available for use.”然而，来自月球尘埃中的氧气不易使用的原因是氧在化学上以矿物或玻璃的形式被锁住。由此可知，月球尘埃中的氧气难以使用是因为它以化学方式固定在材料或玻璃中。故选B项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。第三段首先说到“The oxygen extraction(提取)process is carried out using a method called molten salt electrolysis(熔盐电解).”氧气提取过程是使用一种叫作熔盐电解的方法，然后说到第二步“Next，an electrical current is passed throu
35、gh the material.”下一步，电流通过材料传播。所以第三段主要讲了如何从月球尘埃中提取氧气。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Being able to acquire oxygen from resources found on the moon would obviously be hugely useful for future lunar settlers，both for breathing and the local production of rocket fuel. ”能够从月球上发现的资源中获取氧气显然对未来的月球定居者非常有用，无论是呼吸还是火箭燃料
36、的本地生产。从Beth Lomax说的话可知，Beth Lomax对于能够从月球尘埃中获取氧气的可能性持积极态度。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。从首段“European researchers say they have created a process that can produce oxygen from moon dust.”(欧洲研究员声称他们已经创造出了从月球尘埃中提取氧气的方法。)可知文章主要讲了研究人员报告说，他们成功地从月球尘埃中提取了氧气。D项作为本文标题最为恰当。故选D项。【点睛】文章考查主旨大意题较多，分别为段落大意和篇章大意，段落大意只需要看该段落，比如第二题，
37、首先找出段落首句引出话题，然后找出连接词next，由此得知是介绍氧气提取过程。篇章大意需要结合文章的首尾段，本篇文章是看首段，首段引出主题研究人员报告称他们已经成功地从月球尘埃中提取出氧气。CIts good to share, right? Growing up as kids we are told to share our toys and not be selfish. We also live in an age where discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? Wit
38、h new fashion trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?What is oversharing? The term has become associated with social media, but it doesnt only belong to this platform. Imagine you head to a
39、 party and you meet someone. Within five minutes they have given away details about their personal life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage therapist Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this
40、translate to social media?Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in internet psychology, says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. This could be due to a belief that we attract our own negative experiences the more we share them. It seems that the idea of se
41、arching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally viewed as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be.However, Dr Hands research also seems to suggest that the more positive posts we share on a platform, the more socially attractive we become. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman Ph
42、D, said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We are supposed not to show off, as its now knownespecially about our love lives. It makes senseif your date is going that well, would you really have time to share a photo with text?So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well
43、, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be more than happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaint about your lack of money really are too much.8. Why do some people try to overshare at parties?A. Because they want to catch others attention.B. Because th
44、ey just want to show off something.C. Because they have a strong desire to pour out their emotions.D. Because they may expect to make a connection with someone.9. What does the underlined word in Para.3 mean?A. exploreB. exposeC. displayD. discuss10. What can we know from the passage?A. We will beco
45、me more socially attractive if we post more on a platform.B. We tend to show sympathy when things go wrong.C. We may be considered negative when seeking for sympathy by oversharing.D. We can show off something positive especially about our love lives.11. What is the purpose of the text?A. To inform.
46、B. To inspire.C. To advertise.D. To condemn.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今社交媒体上的“过度分享”现象，有人指出有些人在聚会上过度分享，是因为他们可能期望与某人建立联系。但是通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的。早在2015年，Gwendolyn Seidman博士就说过，我们应该避免在网上抱怨和消极，也不应该炫耀，尤其是我们的爱情生活。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“While some of us may try to escape these peopl
47、e, according to marriage therapist Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone.(根据婚姻治疗师Carolyn Cole的说法，虽然我们中的一些人可能试图逃离这些人，但这种形式的过度分享可能来自与某人建立联系的强烈愿望)”可知，有些人在聚会上过度分享，是因为他们可能期望与某人建立联系。故选D。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“the less sympathy we express when things go
48、 wrong”以及“It seems that the idea of searching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally viewed as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be.”可知，通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的，所以人们暴露给他人的细节越多，越不容易得到同情。画线词意思为“暴露”。A. explore探索；B. expose暴露；C. display显示；D. discuss讨论。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“It
49、 seems that the idea of searching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally viewed as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be.(通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的，而不是被认为是在求助)”可知，当我们通过过度分享来寻求同情时，可能会被认为是消极的。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“With new fashion trending all the time, such as dance challen
50、ges and wearing a pillow as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?( 随着新时尚的不断流行，比如舞蹈挑战和穿枕头当裙子，问题是中：什么时候在社交媒体上分享会变成过度分享？)”结合文章主要说明了如今社交媒体上的“过度分享”现象，有人指出有些人在聚会上过度分享，是因为他们可能期望与某人建立联系。但是通过过度分享来寻求同情的想法，似乎通常被认为是消极的。早在2015年，Gwendolyn Seidman博士就说过，我们应该避免在网上抱怨和消极，也不应该炫耀
51、，尤其是我们的爱情生活。可推知，这篇文章的目的是告知有关“过度分享”的信息。故选A。DFor sports fans, nothing could be better than watching a live event on TV or at a sports field. But theres nothing worse than that event being called off because of bad weather. Bad light, a water-logged court or too much heat can cause matches to be postpo
52、ned. But according to the latest research, extreme weather might be disturbing the sporting calendar more than ever in the future.In one sport, golf, major tournaments like The Open, are already predicted to be victims of our changing climate. In the UK, an organization called The Climate Coalition
53、says that golf courses such as St Andrews could be under water by the end of the century if sea levels rise even slightly. It told the BBC that its research predicts cancelled football matches, flooded cricket grounds and golf courses sinking into the sea.The threat to sporting events from climate c
54、hange has been further highlighted in a new report, officially approved and licensed by the Rapid Transition Alliance. Writing about this for the BBC, Matt McGrath says that By 2050, its estimated that almost one in four English football league grounds can expect flooding every year. This will mean
55、fewer matches played, less opportunity to watch the beautiful game and reduced government taxation from ticket sales.Cricket also faces huge challenges globally as temperatures rise in places like India, Australia and the West Indies. The report says that stadiums in Adelaide and Perth will see a 60
56、% increase in days with temperatures over 40 degrees centigrade over the next decade.Of course, we know that the solution lies with reducing our carbon footprint. We could travel less to attend sports events, and reduce our waste when we do go. But this latest report finds that sports leaders are ge
57、nerally failing to address the issue seriously. However, because sport is universally popular and can be very influential, maybe it should be players, teams and their sponsors as well as fans who should promote a wide low carbon message to help protect sporting fieldsbefore its game over.12. What is
58、 the latest research above mainly concerned with?A. the forbidden sporting eventsB. the influential climate changeC. the severe environmental pollutionD. the rising sea level13. What influence will the extreme weather have on the sports?A. Football fans cannot afford the entrance fee.B. Overheat wil
59、l largely affect the cricket calendar.C. The golf games will thoroughly disappear due to rising sea level.D. Sports leaders will face bigger challenges to lead their teams to win.14. What does the underlined part “the issue” refer to in the last paragraph?A. the constant increase in sea levelB. the
60、fading popularity of sport eventsC. the changing attitude of sponsors.D. the effective reduction of carbon footprint15. The research is introduced to us mainly to _.A. inform the readers of the worsening global climate changeB. require governments protection of sporting fieldsC. promote awareness of
61、 low carbon life on sportsD. urge financial support from sponsors【答案】12. B 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今气候变化已经响应到了体育领域，气候变化对体育赛事的威胁在一份新的报告中得到了进一步强调，这份报告得到了快速过渡联盟的正式批准和许可。文章列举了一些受到气候变化影响的体育项目，指出解决方案在于人们有效减少碳足迹。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“But according to the latest research, extreme weather migh
62、t be disturbing the sporting calendar more than ever in the future.(但根据最新研究，极端天气可能会比以往任何时候更多地扰乱体育日程)”以及第二段中“In one sport, golf, major tournaments like The Open, are already predicted to be victims of our changing climate.(有一项运动，高尔夫，像The Open这样的大型比赛，已经被预测为气候变化的受害者)”可知，最新研究主要涉及对体育产生重要影响的气候变化。故选B。【13题详
63、解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Cricket also faces huge challenges globally as temperatures rise in places like India, Australia and the West Indies.(随着印度、澳大利亚和西印度群岛等地气温上升，板球也面临着全球范围内的巨大挑战)”可知，高温将在很大程度上影响板球的比赛日程。故选B。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Of course, we know that the solution lies with reducing our carbon footprint. We
64、 could travel less to attend sports events, and reduce our waste when we do go.(当然，我们知道解决办法在于减少我们的碳足迹。我们可以减少去参加体育赛事的旅行，并在去的时候减少浪费)以及“But this latest report finds that sports leaders are generally failing to address”可知，but表示转折，说明虽然我们都知道解决办法在于减少碳足迹，但这份最新报告发现，体育领袖普遍没有认真对待有效减少碳足迹这个问题。故画线词指的是“有效减少碳足迹”。故选
65、D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, because sport is universally popular and can be very influential, maybe it should be players, teams and their sponsors as well as fans who should promote a wide low carbon message to help protect sporting fieldsbefore its game over.(然而，由于体育普遍流行，而且影响力很大，也许应该由运动员、球队及其赞助
66、商和球迷来广泛宣传低碳信息，以便在“比赛结束”之前保护体育领域)”可推知，文章向读者介绍研究情况，主要是为了宣传体育方面低碳生活的意识。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Get a Healthy HomeMost of us have spent more time at home in 2020 than we ever imagined possible._16_These tips can help make your home better for your body and m
67、ind.Take off your shoes at your door. Think about keeping your home clean the minute you walk in. A University of Arizona study found that the average shoe contains nearly 421 000 different bacteria(细菌), including Escherichia coil and strep. Pesticides(杀虫剂)and cleaning chemicals can also come into y
68、our home via your shoes._17_Freshen the walls. If the walls in your home feel as if theyre closing in, maybe its time to find a new coat of paint._18_Researchers at the University of British Columbia found that blue boosts creativity, while red increases attention to detail._19_In a small study，volu
69、nteers worked from noon to 8 p. m. in a room lit primarily by daylight or one lit primarily by artificial light. By the end of the second day, those who had worked in the sunlit room were less sleepy and performed better on performance tests connected with mental process.Clean the air in your home._
70、20_The Department of Energy requires that it can remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air. Portable high-efficiency particulate air filters(过滤器)call clean a single room or the entire house.A. Work near a window.B. Study in the artificial light.C. Studies have shown that color can
71、influence your mood.D. Maybe you have realized the importance of a healthy home.E. Leave a pair of shoes you wear in the house by the front door.F. A high-efficiency particulate air(HEPA)filter can cost muchG. The gold standard is a high-efficiency particulate air(HEPA)filter.【答案】16. D 17. E 18. C 1
72、9. A 20. G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种可以使家庭环境变得更健康的方式。【16题详解】上文Most of us have spent more time at home in 2020 than we ever imagined possible.讲在2020年，我们大多数人都在家里度过了很长的时间；下文These tips can help make your home better for your body and mind.讲这里有一些可以使你的家变得更适合你的身体和心灵(成长)的方法。空格处承上启下，D项“或许你已经意识到一个健康的家庭(环境)的重要性了”符
73、合语境。故选D。【17题详解】根据本段第一句“Take off your shoes at your door.”可推知，本段陈述的是在屋内换鞋的必要性。因此推断讲述有关鞋子的事情，E项“在家门口留一双你在家中穿的鞋子”符合语境。故选E。【18题详解】上文If the walls in your home feel as if theyre closing in, maybe its time to find a new coat of paint.讲如果你家里的墙壁让你有种包围感，也许是时候选一种新的墙漆了；下文Researchers at the University of British
74、 Columbia found that blue boosts creativity, while red increases attention to detail.具体解释了红蓝两种颜色的具体影响。因此可知，本段讲述关于颜色的影响，故C项“研究表明，颜色可以影响你的心情”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。【19题详解】下文In a small study，volunteers worked from noon to 8 p. m. in a room lit primarily by daylight or one lit primarily by artificial light.讲一项小调
75、查表明，与人工灯源相比，在自然光源下工作的人们没那么困倦，且他们在与心理过程有关的测试中表现得更出色。由此可推知，本段内容应与“在自然光源下工作”有关。A项“在窗边工作”符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】上文Clean the air in your home.讲清洁你的房子中的空气；下文The Department of Energy requires that ii can remove 99.97 percent of pollutants and particles in the air. Portable high-efficiency particulate air filters(
76、过滤器)call clean a single room or the entire house.讲能源部门表示它可以移除空气中99.97%的污染物和微粒。高效的空气过滤器可以清洁一个单人间或整个房子。G项“这个黄金标准就是一个高效率的空气微粒过滤器”承上启下，指出标准是什么，符合语境。故选G。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项( A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡.上将该项涂黑。During my first seven semesters as a medical
77、student, I _21_ myself to studying and_22_spoke with real patients in a hospital. Then I started visiting local hospitals to gather data for my essay. One cold evening, I was “hunting for the final three patients I needed to complete my study. The records showed a 43-year-old patient, Ms. A, was in
78、the ward still_23_ from her recent stroke(中风). No relatives or friends with her. When I sat down on a chair next to her bed and told her my _24_ , she agreed. The questionnaire _25_ of three simple questions. Before I could _26_ after finishing it, Ms. A spoke up in her weak voice. “Doc, do you thin
79、k I can get back my normal life?” Deep in my heart, I thought, God, I wish I was your doctor so I could answer you properly. I replied that _27_ I didnt know much about her case, I could tell her what I had learned about the recovery of stroke patients. Ms. A then talked about herself. She told me t
80、hat her husband died and her pay as a cleaner was _28_enough for her kids. I didnt know what to say. Looking into her eyes, I tried to remember the lessons from a communication skills class a few years earlier, but my mind was_29_. Without realizing it, I had begun holding Ms. As hand. Since I didnt
81、 have anything to say, I just sat quietly while she talked. Thats when it _30_ to me that she was not expecting any _31_ from me. She just wanted me to listen. All I did was nodding my head as a way of showing my _32_. Finally, Ms. A stopped talking. “Im very sorry for keeping you here to listen to
82、my problems, but I feel _33_now.” A single tear fell from the corner of her eye. Finally, I knew what to say. “Its OK, Maam. Its part of my _34_.”Ms. A taught me one of the most important lessons a doctor can learn. Sometimes patients do not need expensive medicine or technology. They just need some
83、one with the _35_and willingness to lend an ear and spare a little of their time.21. A. exposedB. evaluateC. committedD. submitted22. A. lonelyB. rarelyC. exactlyD. slightly23. A. differingB. resultingC. recoveringD. hearing24. A. intentionB. protectionC. instructionD. function25. A. spokeB. consist
84、edC. approvedD. complained26. A. bowB. riseC. fleeD. pass27. A. whileB. whenC. untilD. after28. A. awfullyB. merelyC. properlyD. purely29. A. narrowB. dullC. innocentD. blank30. A. stuckB. referredC. occurredD. came31. A. replyB. valueC. skillD. point32. A. permissionB. admirationC. enthusiasmD. sym
85、pathy33. A. thrilledB. relievedC. excitedD. pleased34. A. beliefB. luckC. promiseD. duty35. A. determinationB. cautionC. patienceD. convenience【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者在作为一名医科学生的前七个学期里，一直致力于学习，很少和医院里真正的病人交谈。直到
86、有一次，作者在进行完问卷调查后，耐心倾听了一位A女士的倾诉，明白了有时病人并不需要昂贵的药物或技术。他们只是需要一个有耐心、愿意倾听并能抽出一点时间的人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我作为一名医科学生的前七个学期里，我致力于学习，很少和医院里真正的病人交谈。A. exposed暴露；B. evaluate估计；C. committed承诺；D. submitted提交。根据后文“myself to studying”可知表示“致力于做某事”短语为commit oneself to doing sth.。故选C。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我作为一名医科学生的前七个学期里
87、，我致力于学习，很少和医院里真正的病人交谈。A. lonely寂寞的；B. rarely很少地；C. exactly恰好地；D. slightly些微地。上文提到作者一直致力于学习，因此很少（rarely）和病人交谈。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：记录显示，一位43岁的病人，A女士，正在病房里从她最近的中风中恢复过来。A. differing区别于；B. resulting产生；C. recovering恢复；D. hearing听见。结合后文“from her recent stroke”可知A女士在从中风中恢复（recovering）。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析
88、。句意：当我在她床边的椅子上坐下，告诉她我的意图时，她同意了。A. intention意图，目的；B. protection保护；C. instruction介绍；D. function功能。结合上文“One cold evening, I was “hunting for the final three patients I needed to complete my study.”可知作者需要找三个病人完成研究，因此是告诉A女士自己来的意图。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：问卷由三个简单的问题组成。A. spoke说话；B. consisted组成；C. approved认可
89、；D. complained抱怨。结合后文“of three simple questions”可知指“问卷由三个简单的问题组成”短语为consist of。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：问卷做完我还没站起来时，A女士就用她微弱的声音说：“医生，你觉得我能恢复正常生活吗？”A. bow鞠躬；B. rise站起来，上升；C. flee逃走；D. pass通过。根据后文“after finishing it”可知作者完成了问卷，准备起身离开。故选B。【27题详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我回答说，虽然我对她的情况了解不多，但我可以告诉她我了解到的关于中风病人康复的情况。A. wh
90、ile虽然；B. when当时候；C. until直到；D. after在之后。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用while。故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我，她的丈夫去世了，她当清洁工的工资只够养活她的孩子。A. awfully可怕地；B. merely仅仅；C. properly适当地；D. purely纯粹地。根据上文“her pay as a cleaner was”结合常识可知，A女士作为清洁工的工资只够养活她的孩子。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着她的眼睛，我试着回忆几年前一堂交流技巧课上的内容，但我的脑子一片空白。A. narrow狭
91、窄的；B. dull迟钝的；C. innocent无辜的；D. blank空白的。结合上文“I tried to remember the lessons from a communication skills class a few years earlier, but my mind was”可知作者试图用几年前交流技巧课上的内容来应对眼前的对话，但是脑子一片空白，不知道说什么，but表示前后文的转折。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我才意识到，她并不指望我作任何回答。A. stuck坚持；B. referred涉及；C. occurred发生；D. came来到。此处为
92、句型“it occurred to sb. that”表示“某人突然想到”。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这时我才意识到，她并不指望我作任何回答。A. reply回答；B. value价值；C. skill技能；D. point要点。根据后文“She just wanted me to listen.”可知A女士只是想作者倾听自己，并不指望作者对她的情况作出回答。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所做的只是点头以示同情。A. permission允许；B. admiration钦佩；C. enthusiasm热情；D. sympathy同情。结合上文“All I
93、did was nodding my head as a way of showing my”可知A女士只是希望作者聆听自己的境遇，作者所做的只是点头以示同情。故选D。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很抱歉让你来听我的问题，但我现在感觉轻松多了。A. thrilled激动的；B. relieved感到宽慰的，放心的；C. excited激动的；D. pleased愉快的。结合上文“Im very sorry for keeping you here to listen to my problems, but I feel”but表示转折，说明A女士倾诉之后感觉内心轻松了很多，故选B。【
94、34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我职责的一部分。A. belief信念；B. luck运气；C. promise承诺；D. duty义务。上文提到作者是一名学医的学生，故此处作者说倾听病人是自己作为医生的职责（duty）的一部分最恰当，其他选项不符合语境。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们只是需要一个有耐心、愿意倾听并能抽出一点时间的人。A. determination决心；B. caution小心；C. patience耐心；D. convenience便利。根据后文“and willingness to lend an ear and spare a little
95、of their time”以及上文作者一直耐心听A女士倾诉，可知此处指的是需要一个有耐心、愿意倾听并能抽出一点时间的人。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。Blue jeans have always been with us and are here to stay. They may be a comfortable and convenient choice, but blue jeans could be harming _36_ planet. Microf
96、ibers(微纤维) of jeans _37_(discover) in water samples in the past 6 months. The survey of a team in Canada found that one in four of all microfibers in the samples _38_(take) across Canada, from Toronto to the Arctic were blue jeans.Some of the microfibers were found at a _39_(deep) of 1500 meters, bu
97、t _40_ they could travel a long distance was still unknown. To find the reason, scientists have tested various samples including the highest concentrations found in shallow lakes near big cities. _41_ the survey was limited to Canada, the team believes the similar situation would be found in other c
98、ountries.The researcher also threw light on a truth that around 50,000 microfibers _42_fell off the surface of jeans would find their way into our bodies every time they were cleaned. While the researchers were not sure what the effect of the microfibers might have _43_ the environment or health, Sa
99、mantha Athey at the University of Toronto points out the microfibers involved are chemically treated. _44_ is believed that washing jeans less often could help reduce the pollution _45_(effective).【答案】36. the 37. have been discovered 38. taken 39. depth 40. why 41. Although 42. that/which 43. on 44.
100、 It 45. effectively【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了最近的研究发现蓝色牛仔裤对地球有害。加拿大一个研究小组的调查发现，从多伦多到北极，从加拿大各地采集的所有微纤维样本中，有四分之一是属于蓝色牛仔裤中的。介绍了这项研究开展的过程以及所揭露出的一些事实。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：牛仔裤可能是一个舒适方便的选择，但蓝色牛仔裤可能对地球有害。planet此处特指“地球”前面应用定冠词。故填the。【37题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：在过去的六个月里，在水样中发现了牛仔裤的微纤维。根据后文“in the past 6 months”可知应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动
101、词构成被动关系，故应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为Microfibers，助动词用have。故填have been discovered。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：加拿大一个研究小组的调查发现，从多伦多到北极，从加拿大各地采集的所有微纤维样本中，有四分之一是属于蓝色牛仔裤中的。分析句子结构可知take在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语samples构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填taken。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：一些微纤维是在1500米深的地方发现的，但是为什么它们能到达这么远的距离仍然不清楚。根据上文不定冠词a可知应填名词depth，at a depth of
102、“达到之深度”。故填depth。【40题详解】考查主语从句。句意：一些微纤维是在1500米深的地方发现的，但是为什么它们能到达这么远的距离仍然不清楚。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少原因状语，表示“为什么”应用why引导。故填why。【41题详解】考查状语从句。句意：尽管这项调查仅限于加拿大，但研究小组认为，类似的情况在其他国家也会出现。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用although，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Although。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：研究人员还揭示了一个事实，那就是每次清洗牛仔裤时，大约5万根从牛仔裤表面脱落的微纤维会进入我们的身体。此处为定语从句修饰先行词mic
103、rofibers，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：多伦多大学的Samantha Athey指出，虽然研究人员不确定微纤维会对环境或健康造成什么影响，但其中涉及的微纤维都经过了化学处理。结合句意表示“对有影响”可知短语为have the effect on。故填on。【44题详解】考查固定句型。句意：人们认为，少洗牛仔裤可以有效地减少污染。表示“人们认为”句型为it is believed that，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填It。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：人
104、们认为，少洗牛仔裤可以有效地减少污染。修饰动词reduce应用副词effectively，作状语。故填effectively。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46. 假定你是李华，你的好友印度留学生Ajay来信邀请你在本周末与他一起去本地的博物馆看印度文化展。请用英语回信，内容包括：1.感谢邀请；2.表示对展览的兴趣；3.确定会面时间和地点。注意：1总词数80词左右；2.开头已给出，不计入总词数；Dear Ajay,Thank you so much for your kind invitation to the exhibition, “Ancient India”._
105、Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Ajay,Thank you so much for your kind invitation to the exhibition, “Ancient India”, which will be on at the local museum. Id love to join you. Id be particularly happy to watch this exhibition because the brilliant Indian culture has always been mysterious and attractive to me.
106、India is an old civilization just like China. It would be exciting to see all the exhibits that have traveled such a long way to China! With you as a companion, its a good chance to have a better understanding of Indian peoples life. Lets meet at the entrance to the museum at 9: 30 am on Thursday, J
107、uly 23. Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你的好友印度留学生Ajay来信邀请你在本周末与他一起去本地的博物馆看印度文化展。【详解】1.词汇积累特别，非常：veryparticularly（表示程度）丰富的：richbrilliant （修饰文化）伙伴，同伴：partnercompanion走（多远的路）：gotravel 2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：With you as a companion, its a good chance to have a better understanding of Indian
108、peoples life.拓展句：You accompany me to visit the exhibition, which is a good opportunity for me to better understand the life of the Indian people.【点睛】高分句型1 Thank you so much for your kind invitation to the exhibition, “Ancient India”, which will be on at the local museum. 该复合句中使用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。 高分
109、句型2 Id be particularly happy to watch this exhibition because the brilliant Indian culture has always been mysterious and attractive to me.该复合句中使用了because引导的原因状语从句。 高分句型3 It would be exciting to see all the exhibits that have traveled such a long way to China! 该复合句中使用了that引导的限制性定语从句。第二节(满分25分)47. 阅读
110、下面材料，根据其内界和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。On July 8, 2017, eight members of a family in total, were enjoying an evening together at the beach in Panhandle, Florida. As the sun sank lower on the horizon, the two boys Noah 11 and Stephen 8 swam into the waves without the grown-ups noticing. Soon they realize
111、d that the ocean had pulled them into the sea. After trying and failing to swim back, they started waving and screaming for help. But the lifeguards had been off duty for the evening.The boys had been struggling for several minutes when Jacky and Tabatha, a couple from Georgia, heard them. They dive
112、d into the water and s0on reached the two brothers. But after a few minutes, they were all trapped in a rip current (离岸流),a powerful one that could sweep even the strongest swimmer out to sea! By then, some teenagers had heard the cry. One of the teens rushed into the water, grabbed Jacky. and pulle
113、d him back to shore. Meanwhile, Tabatha could feel herself being pulled farther out. She was already exhausted and beginning to feel desperate as she was trying to save both boys alone.Onshore, Jacky was terrified. A man stopped. “Whats wrong?” asked Shaun, who was heading back to his car. “My wife
114、is drowning! Brittany said. Shaun immediately strode (大步跨) into the water. But several minutes later, a gaping 15 feet still lay between him and Tabatha and the boys. He knew that if he continued, hed become another victim. He turned around to seek help.It was about that time that Roberta, the boys
115、mother, returned from the bathroom and looked around for her children. She was shocked to spot them floating much farther out than they were allowed to go. She fought the waves to get to her screaming sons and the stranger who was trying to save them, but she quickly discovered it was nearly impossi
116、ble to make headway in any direction. Looking around, Roberta sighed with relief to see some more people coming to help.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha, a risky idea came to them._Paragraph 2By then, more swimmers had
117、also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the human chain._【答案】Paragraph 1:When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha, a risky idea came to them. To keep themselves from losing their footing in the rip current, they began holding on to one another to form a human chain ext
118、ending from the beach all the way out to the struggling boys and Tabatha. They stayed linked tightly and managed to ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly planted in the sand. However, that required more links probably dozens of them. Shaun spotted other swimmers on the beach and shouted,
119、 “Dont just stand there! Come and help.”Paragraph 2:By then more swimmers had also noticed the group in trouble and rushed to join the human chain. One by one, link by link, total strangers walked into the waves and grasped one another by the wrists, determined that no one would die on that beach. A
120、t last, they made it and Tabatha and the two brothers were saved! “Those people on the beach are angels on earth,” said Roberta, showing her appreciation. Whether it is the first person or the last person in the chain, they are all our heroes, who helped get our family out of trouble.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读后续
121、写。文章主要讲述了一家八口在海边度假时，两个孩子不幸被海水卷入海中，其他人发现情况后主动救援的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“当他们尽力营救兄弟俩和Tabatha无果后，他们想到了一个冒险的方法。”可知，关键词是“冒险的”，所以可以接着写：他们手拉手形成“人链”，希望可以拉住那些受困的人，避免他们被暗流带走。但似乎人手还不够，他们朝游泳的人大喊，让他们也过来帮忙。由第二段首句内容“更多游泳人看到这种情况，都跑过来帮忙。”可知，关键词是“人多力量大”，故可以接着写：他们紧紧地相互拽着，终于可以够得着受困的人。在他们的努力下，两兄弟和Tabatha都被救上了岸。他们的妈妈对所有帮助的
122、人表示感激。2.续写线索：组成人链朝向落水者设法保证安全呼唤他人加入落水者成功得救表示感激3.词汇激活行为类组成人链：form a human chain/stand in a queue朝向：extend all the way out to/move towards 设法：manage to do/think of any possible means呼唤：shout/cry/scream成功：make it/succeed in doing sth/do sth successfully情绪类感谢：showing her appreciation/show her gratitude/b
123、e grateful决心：be determined to do/decide to do/make up ones mind to do【点睛】高分句型1 When they tried in vain to rescue the brothers and Tabatha, a risky idea came to them. 本复合句中使用了连词when引导的时间状语从句。高分句型2 They stayed linked tightly and managed to ensure they were safe by making their feet firmly planted in the sand. 本复合句中使用了宾语从句，它在ensure后面省略了连接词that。高分句型3 Whether it is the first person or the last person in the chain, they are all our heroes, who helped get our family out of trouble. 本复合句中使用了连接词whether引导的让步状语从句和关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句。
