1、语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【全国新课标卷题型】Visitors_1_Britain may find the best place to enjoy local culture is in a traditional pub. A team of researchers have revealed some of_2_unknown culture of British pubsstarting with the difficulty of getting a drink. This may sound inconvenient, b
2、ut there is a_3_(hide) meaning.Pub culture is formed_4_(improve) sociability in a society that is known for its coldness. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat_5_others who are waiting to be served. The bar counter is possibly the only place in Britain_6_a friendly talk with strangers_7
3、_(consider) to be entirely proper and really quite normal behavior. However，_8_you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group，_9_is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff angry mor
4、e than a group of strangers blocking all passages to the bar while_10_chat and hesitate about what to order.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1to来到英国的游客，使用介词to。2the特指英国的酒吧文化，使用the。3hidden过去分词做前置定语。4to improve动词不定式做目的状语。5withwith与前面的chat构成固定搭配。6where引导了一个限制性定语从句。7is consideredis considered to b
5、e被认为。8if这里表示条件，引导了一个条件状语从句。9itit做形式主语。10they指前面的a ground of strangers。广东省语法填空阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。When I was a ten-year-old girl, I was once asked to deliver a speech titled “A Real Test in My Life” before the whole class! Just imagine how _1_(terrible) shy I was th
6、e moment I thought of that with so many eyes fixed upon me. I had no other _2_(choose), though. First I was to draft the speech and that was just a piece of cake for me, because I was a good writer something to pride myself in. But the hard part _3_(lie) in my oral presentation; to read from _4_ pap
7、er was not allowed; I had to give the speech _5_ my memory and in front of such a big audience ! A real trial began when I stood on the platform with my legs _6_(tremble) and my mind blank. How much time had passed by, I didnt know. My listeners were still waiting, patiently and without any signs of
8、 rushing me. Gradually I found _7_ back，giving out my speech with difficulty. Finally I finished. After _8_ seemed to be a hundred years, I found my audience applauding. I made it! From then on, my fear of talking before an audience disappeared. Actually with my confidence building _9_， I now turn o
9、ut to be a great speaker. Looking back, I know the greatest difficulty on our way to success is our fear; overcome it，_10_ we will be able to achieve our goals.1解析考查词性转换，形容词转化为副词修饰形容词shy。答案terribly2解析考查词性转换，动词转化为名词。我没有其他的“选择”。答案choice3解析考查谓语动词的过去式。lie in“存在于”，此时lie的过去式为lay。答案lay4解析此处应用定冠词表特指。拿着纸念是不允
10、许的。答案the5解析考查介词的用法。答案from6解析考查非谓语动词。在该with复合结构中，my legs和tremble间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用动词的现在分词形式。答案trembling7解析考查反身代词。答案myself8解析it/what seems/seemed to be是个常用句型，在此意为“似乎过了100年”。答案it/what9解析考查短语搭配，build up表示“增强”。答案up10解析此处考查的是“祈使句and”的结构，前后为顺承关系。答案and阅读理解。Feeling blue about the world ? “Cheer up，” says science
11、writer Matt Ridley.“The world has never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”Ridley calls himself a rational optimistrational，because hes carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavo
12、idable and good. And this is what hes set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of r
13、esearch.Heres how he explains his views.1)Shopping fuels inventionIt is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone.Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transpor
14、t，bigger houses，better cars，and of course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.The more we specialize and exchange，the better off well be.2) Brilliant advancesOne reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，lo
15、ngerlived and freer than ever before is that the four most basic human needsfood，clothing，fuel and shelterhave grown a lot cheaper.Take one example.In 1800 a candle providing one hours light cost six hours work.In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes work to pay for.In 1950 it w
16、as eight seconds.Today its half second.3) Lets not kill ourselves for climate changeMitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassilfuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by well
17、meaning members of green political movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.If climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nosebleed by putting a tourniquet(
18、止血带) around our necks.人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观。在理性的乐观主义者一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。1What is the theme of Ridleys most recent book?AWeakness of human nature.BConcern about climate change.CImportance of practical thinking.DOptimism about human progress.答案：D。理解判断题。从第二段的前两句话中，反复提到
19、一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“because that evidence shows.”；另外，“this is what hes set out to prove.”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题，正是与选项D的说法是一致的，即：人类的进步总是不可避免的。2How does Ridley look at shopping?AIt encourages the creation of things.BIt results in shortage of goods.CIt demands more fossil fuels.DIt causes a po
20、verty problem.答案：A。细节判断题。从“Shopping fuels invention”一段正是反映了Ridley的观点：购物能够激发创造发明。选项A与之相吻合。3The candle and lamp example is used to show that _.Aoil lamps give off more light than candlesBshortening working time brings about a happier lifeCadvanced technology helps to produce better candlesDincreased p
21、roduction rate leads to lower cost of goods答案：D。细节判断题。根据Brilliant advances 一段中的“Take one example”一句很明显的确定为：作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法，故与选项D的说法是一致的。4What does the last sentence of the passage imply?ACutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.BOverreaction to climate change may be dangerous
22、.CPeoples health is closely related to climate change.DCareless medical treatment may cause great pain.答案：B。推理判断题。根据最后一句话中的“cutting carbon causes real pain”可以排除选项A与C的说法，因为它们大相径庭；而根据“putting. around our necks”一句可以表明选项D中“careless”一词运用不当，是不符合语境的。故只有选项B是最正确的。【2013界崇明县】（B）To whom it may concern,I highly
23、recommend Jane Doe as a candidate for employment. Jane was employed by Company Bubble from 2008 to 2011. She was responsible for office support including word processing, scheduling appointments and creating brochures, newsletters, and other office literature.Jane has excellent communication skills.
24、 In addition, she is extremely organized, reliable and computer literate. Jane can work independently and is able to follow through to ensure that the job gets done. She is flexible and willing to work on any project that is assigned to her. Jane was quick to volunteer to assist in other areas of co
25、mpany operations as well. Jane would be a valuable employee for your company and has my highest recommendation. If you have any further questions with regard to her background or qualifications, please do not hesitate to call me.Sincerely,John SmithDear Hiring Manager,Im interested in the summer pos
26、ition at Sarasota Store advertised in The Sarasotian.I have excellent communication skills and a talent for customer service. My past experience as a volunteer at Sarasota Hospital made it necessary for me to focus on providing quality customer service, and also enabled me to work with all types of
27、people.I believe that my communication skills, customer service abilities, and positive work ethic would make me a valuable person for your store.I can be reached at angelamerlyn or 129-2278-3490. Thank you for your consideration.Sincerely,Angela MerlynDear Ms Alba, The purpose of this letter is to
28、announce my resignation from ABC Company, effective two weeks from this date.This was not an easy decision to make on my part. The past ten years has been very rewarding. Ive enjoyed working for you and managing a very successful team dedicated to a quality manufactured product delivered on time.I h
29、ave accepted a position as Vice President at Manufacturing for Land Lubber Industries in Watertown, West Virginia. This opportunity gives me the chance to grow professionally and we will only be a few miles from my family.I wish you and the company all the best. I do hope our paths will cross again
30、in the future.Sincerely,Aubrey White69. What probably was Jane in Company Bubble?A. A receptionist.B. An accountant.C. A saleswoman.D. A secretary.70. The second letter is mainly written to _.A. apply for a positionB. make friends with the addresseeC. make an appointment D. report the result of Merl
31、yns work71. In the third letter which of the following reasons is mentioned as to why the writer is leaving the company?A. Promotion of another colleague.B. Bad relationship with present colleagues.C. Further professional development. D. Bad health condition of a family member.【参考答案】69. D 70. A 71.
32、C 【2013界崇明县】（C）Thirty years ago, public health officials in the United States reported on the first cases of what came to be known as AIDS.But today an estimated sixteen and a half million children have lost one or both parents to AIDS. Millions more live with adults who are sick from AIDS.Lucie Clu
33、ver from Oxford University in England has studied children of AIDS(AIDS orphaned children and children living with sick adults) in South Africa. She says children can be deeply affected by their experiences. And one of the biggest impacts we see is mental health, their psychological health. So, for
34、example, we see that AIDS orphaned children have very much higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress disorder than children who have a live parent or children whose parents have died of other causes. Lucie Cluver says children have to live with the sense of shame connected to AIDS. Many are ab
35、used(欺负) at school or excluded from the community.Children living with sick adults are more likely to live in poverty and face physical and emotional abuse. Also, Lucie Cluver says the children often become the caregivers. Theyre missing school to go and get medication. Theyre often taking them to t
36、he toilet, cleaning their wounds or washing their bedclothes. So these kids find it very stressful and upsetting. Theyre very worried about the health and feel responsible for the health of the sick person. Close contact with sick adults can sometimes spread tuberculosis(肺结核) or other diseases. And,
37、 as Lucie Cluver said, even when the children are in school, paying attention can be difficult. Its constantly on their minds and really making it difficult for them to do well at school. She calls for testing more children for tuberculosis. She also calls for giving more parents the drugs needed to
38、 keep them healthy longer with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.There are programs to help children, but there is “far more to be done.” Interventions(干预治疗) and support groups are “urgently needed” for those orphaned by AIDS or living with sick adults. But the evidence for which interventions are eff
39、ective “is still thin”.72. The topic of the passage is _. A. children of AIDS doing badly at schoolB. more and more children suffering from AIDS C. children of AIDS facing mental problemsD. an increasing number of people dying of AIDS73. According to Lucie Cluver, AIDS orphaned children have very mu
40、ch higher levels of depression mainly because they _. A. have a sense of shame connected to AIDS B. cannot focus their attention on study at school C. are more likely to be affected with tuberculosis D. often have to miss school to look after their sick parents74. We can infer from the last paragrap
41、h that _. A. enough has been done for children of AIDS B. interventions prove very effective for children of AIDS C. nothing can be done to help children except interventions D. interventions may be useful for helping children of AIDS75. Which of the following is true according to the passage? A. Th
42、e first case of AIDS occurred 30 years ago. B. Children whose parents are infected with AIDS often help with housework. C. Children whose parents have died of causes other than AIDS dont have stress disorder. D. Children dont have psychological problems when their parents are still alive with HIV.【参考答案】72. C 73. A 74. D 75. B
