1、UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURESSection Reading and Thinking (1)阅读理解AEvery person uses his own special words to show his ideas and feelings. Some of these expressions are commonly used for many years. Others are popular for just a short time. One such American expression is “Wheres the beef?”. It is used whe
2、n something is not as good as it is said to be. In the early 1980s, “Wheres the beef?” was one of the most popular expressions in the United States. It seemed as if everyone was using it at the time. Beef, of course, is the meat from a cow, and probably no food is more popular in America than a hamb
3、urger made from beef. In the 1960s a businessman named Ray began building small restaurants that sold hamburgers at a low price. Ray called this “McDonalds”. Ray became one of the richest businessmen at last in America.Other business people watched his success. Some of them opened their own hamburge
4、r restaurants. One company called “Wendys” said its hamburgers were bigger than those sold by McDonalds or anyone else. The Wendys Company began to use the expression “Wheres the beef?” to make people know that Wendys hamburgers were the biggest. The Wendys television advertisement showed three old
5、women eating hamburgers. The bread that covered the meat was very big, but inside there was only a bit of meat. One of the women said she would not eat a hamburger with such a little piece of beef. “Wheres the beef?” she shouted in a funny way. The advertisement for Wendys hamburger restaurants was
6、a success. As we said, it seemed everyone began using the expression “Wheres the beef?”.1. Who started McDonalds restaurant?A. Ray.B. McDonald.C. Wendy.D. Three old women.解析:细节理解题。根据短文第二段内容可知,McDonalds restaurant 是由美国商人Ray创办的,故选A。答案: A2. Why did other people want to open hamburger restaurants?A. The
7、y could sell hamburgers at a low price.B. Hamburgers were easy to make. C. Beef was very popular in America. D. They could make a lot of money. 解析: 细节理解题。 Ray 的成功使他成了富豪,其他商家也看到了商机,所以他们也开办快餐店,因为他们认为能赚大钱。故选D。答案: D3. What does the expression “Wheres the beef?” mean?A. The beef in hamburgers is not as m
8、uch as it is said to be. B. The hamburgers are not as good as they are said to be. C. It is used when something is not as good as it is said to be. D. Wendys is the biggest. 解析: 细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“It is used when something is not as good as it is said to be.”可知答案选C。答案: CBMark, a young person, tells me h
9、e wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that theres a big difference between “being a writer” and writing. In most cases these people are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. “Youve got to want to write,” I say to them, “not want t
10、o be a writer.” The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded(报答). When I left a 20-year job in the U.S. Coast Guard to become a writer, I had no hopes at all. What I did have was a
11、 friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didnt even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used typewriter and felt like a real writer. After a year or so, however, I still hadnt got a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a sto
12、ry that barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write. I had dreamed about it for years. I wasnt going to be one of those people who die wondering “what if”. I would keep putting my dream to the testeven though it meant living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the shadow land o
13、f hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there. 4. Whats the writers purpose of writing the passage?A. To warn young people of the hardship that a successful writer has to experience. B. To advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer. C. To show young people
14、 its unrealistic for writers to seek wealth and fame. D. To encourage young people to seek good jobs. 解析:主旨大意题。从第二段第一、二句“The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded.”可得到答案。答案: A5.
15、 What can be concluded from the passage?A. Real writers often find their work interesting and rewarding. B. A writers success depends on luck rather than on effort. C. Famous writers usually live in poverty. D. The chances for a writer to become successful are small. 解析: 推理判断题。从第二段的第二句可推知答案为 D。答案: D
16、6. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing work?A. He wasnt able to produce a single book. B. He hadnt seen a change for the better. C. He wasnt able to have a rest for a whole year. D. He found his dream would never come true. 解析: 细节理解题。从第三段第二句“It was so hard t
17、o sell a story that barely made enough to eat.”可知答案。答案: B7. What does “shadow land” in the last sentence refer to?A. The wonderland one often dreams about.B. The bright future that one is looking forward to.C. A world that exists only in ones imagination.D. The state of uncertainty before ones final
18、 goal is reached.解析: 词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后两句可以猜测出 shadow land 指的是最终目标得以实现前的那种不确定、没有保证的状态。答案: DCWhen you got sick, did your parents and doctors make you drink a “terrible soup”? 8, but it can really make you feel better in several days. The “soup” is actually a kind of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). I
19、n recent years, TCM has become more popular around the world.9. China has 10 TCM centres abroad, such as in France and the United States. Doctors give TCM treatment to local people there. They also teach TCM to local people. Now, there are over 100,000 TCM clinics, with about 300,000 TCM workers aro
20、und the world. TCM came from China thousands of years ago. It is based on the Chinese philosophy(哲学) of yin and yang. Humans should follow the natural rules to keep healthy. Old Greece and Egypt created Western medicine. 10. Western doctors check peoples height, weight, blood pressure and body tempe
21、rature. 11. “Bringing together Western medicine and TCM can use collective knowledge, rather than create competition between them. It can develop the great effects of both of them,” said Bernhard Schwartlander, a World Health Organization representative in China.On Dec. 6, a government document repo
22、rted that 86 countries and regions are now developing TCM together with China. In 2015, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize. 12. Today, with more and more people paying attention to TCM, it will definitely have a bright future. A. Lets see some facts and figuresB. It is difficult to say
23、which one is betterC. It might be a bad drinking experience for youD. There are many women of great achievements in historyE. Then the idea took shape in Europe in the 19th centuryF. Its because she made an important drug using traditional Chinese medicineG. Many people believe Western medicine is m
24、ore effective than traditional Chinese medicine8.解析: 根据空格后“but it can really make you feel better in several days”可知该空应是表达“虽然这种汤很难喝”,但是几天后会让你康复。C项“喝这种汤是一种很糟的经历”符合题意,故选C。答案: C9.解析: 根据空后的信息可以看出,下文是用事实和数据来证明传统中医在全世界的受欢迎程度。故A项“咱们来看一些事实和数据”符合语境,故选A。答案: A10.解析: 根据本段首句“TCM came from China thousands of year
25、s ago.”可知,前半段是介绍中医的发展历史和药效原理,下文介绍的是西医,但是缺少对西医的历史介绍,故E项“西医是19世纪在欧洲形成的”符合上下文逻辑,故选E。答案: E11.解析: 根据空后“把中医和西医结合起来使用,而不是相互竞争”,可反推该空表达的是这两种医学的比较,B项“很难说哪种更好”符合逻辑,故选B。答案: B12.解析: 根据“Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize”可知屠呦呦获诺贝尔奖,所以下文应该讲获奖和中医的关系。故F项“那是因为她用传统中医制成了一种非常重要的药物”符合上下文逻辑,故选F。答案: FReading
26、and Thinking (2)基础测评. 单句语法填空1. The table tennis team of our school is (admit) new players. 2. I shall (definite) be at the airport to meet you. 3. It (occur) to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning. 4. There are many (history) places in Xian. 5. He earned living by sell
27、ing newspapers. 6. They (select) six winners from the finalists tomorrow. 7. So far nobody (claim) the money discovered in the library. 8. There are a number of (journal) on the desk. 9. Local schools are (seek) reduce the dropout rate. 10. After the game, the fans (head) for the exit. 答案: 1. admitt
28、ing2. definitely3. occurred4. historical5. a6. will select7. has claimed8. journals9. seeking to10. headed. 完成句子1. 我们必须寻找解决问题的方法。We must a solution to the problem. 2. 据说我们学校有些老师每周工作90小时。 some teachers in our school are working 90 hours a week. 3. 我突然想到,我还没完成作业。 suddenly I hadnt finished my homework.
29、 4. 他年轻的时候常常打篮球。He basketball when he wasyoung. 5. 他承认偷了这笔钱。He the money. 答案: 1. seek for2. It is claimed that3.It; occurred to me that4. used to play 5. admitted having stolen. 语法填空June 21 was my first day back in San Francisco after 1. _(camp) in the Redwood Forest. It 2. _(definite) feels good to
30、 be back in the city again, 3. _rebuilt itself after the earthquake. In the morning, I visited the Mission District, which used 4. _(be) a poor area of town and is a centre for art, music and food now. In the afternoon, I 5. _(head) to a local museum that showed the 6. _(history) changes in Californ
31、ia. Gold 7. _(discover) near San Francisco, which caused a gold rush. Many people 8. _(come) from all over the world sought 9. _(they) fortune. To earn a living, many Chinese people did all kinds of jobs. Many 10. _(immigrant) made great contributions to building America. In the evening, I went to C
32、hinatown, where I enjoyed great food. Tomorrow evening, Im going to a jazz bar. 答案: 1. camping2. definitely3. which4. to be 5. headed6. historical7. was discovered8. coming 9. their10. immigrants提升测评. 阅读理解Last year I went to Nepal(尼泊尔) for three months to work in a hospital. I think its important to
33、 see as much of a country as you can, but it is difficult to travel around Nepal. The hospital let me have a few days holiday, so I decided to go into the jungle and I asked a Nepalese guide, Kamal Rai, to go with me. We started our trip at six in the morning with two elephants carrying our equipmen
34、t. It was hot, but Kamal made me wear shoes and trousers to protect me from snakes. In the jungle there was a lot of wildlife, but we were trying to find big cats, especially tigers. We climbed onto the elephants backs to see better, but it is unusual to find tigers in the afternoon because they sle
35、ep in the daytime. Then, in the distance, we saw a tiger, and Kamal told me to be very quiet. We moved nearer and found a dead deer. This was the tigers lunch! I started to feel very frightened. We heard the tiger a second before we saw it. It jumped out suddenly, five hundred kilos plus and four me
36、tres long. It grabbed(咬住) Kamals leg between its teeth, but I succeeded in pulling Kamal away. One of our elephants ran at the tiger and made it go back into the grass, so we quickly escaped to let the tiger eat its lunch. That night it was impossible to sleep. 1. What is probably the writer?A. A Ne
37、palese doctor. B. A foreign tourist. C. A Nepalese traveller. D. A foreign doctor. 解析: 推理判断题。根据文章首句可知答案。答案: D2. What made the writer suddenly start to feel very frightened?A. He heard the noise of the tiger. B. He saw the tiger in the distance. C. He realised that they were in danger. D. He knew tha
38、t the tiger was in danger. 解析: 细节理解题。由文章第二段大意可知,作者感到害怕的原因是意识到他们的处境危险。答案: C3. What was unusual about the tiger?A. It hunted a deer on a hot afternoon. B. It was 500 kilos plus and four metres long. C. It was afraid of an elephant. D. It almost killed the Nepalese guide. 解析: 推理判断题。由文章第一段末句中“it is unus
39、ual to find tigers in the afternoon”可知答案选A。答案: A. 完形填空I arrived in the United States on February 6, 2016, but I remember my first day here very clearly. My friend was waiting for me when my plane landed at Kennedy International Airport at three oclock in the afternoon. The weather was very 1 and it
40、was snowing, but I was too excited to 2. From the airport, my friend and I took a taxi to my3. On the way, I saw the skyline of Manhattan for the 4 time and I looked in astonishment at the famous skyscrapers(摩天大楼) and their man-made 5. My friend helped me unpack at the hotel and then left because he
41、 had to go back to work. He promised to return the next day. 6 my friend had left, I went to a 7near the hotel to get something to eat. Because I couldnt speak a single 8 of English, I couldnt tell the 9 what I wanted. I was very upset and started to make some 10, but the waiter didnt 11 me. Finally
42、, I ordered the same thing the man at the next table was 12. After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway 13 I came to Times Square with its cinemas, theatres, neon lights, and huge crowds of people. I did not feel tired, so I 14 to walk around the city. I wanted to see 15 on my first day. I knew
43、it was 16, but I wanted to try. When I returned to the hotel, I was 17, but I couldnt 18 because I kept hearing the fire and police sirens(警笛) during the night. I lay 19 and thought about New York. It was a very big and interesting city with many tall buildings and big cars, and full of 20 and busy
44、people. I also decided right then that I had to learn to speak English. 1. A. warmB. hotC. coldD. cool解析: 根据空后“it was snowing”可知天气很冷。答案: C2. A. lookB. listen C. enjoyD. mind解析: 太激动了,也就不在乎天气的寒冷了。答案: D3. A. schoolB. hotel C. homeD. office解析: 下文第5题的后一句有暗示,可知是去宾馆。答案: B4. A. firstB. second C. lastD. only
45、解析: for the first time 意为“第一次”。答案: A5. A. parksB. satellitesC. beautyD. lakes解析: 看到了摩天大楼等人造景观的美。答案: C6. A. Long beforeB. Shortly afterC. Sooner or laterD. Then解析: long before 很久以前;shortly after 不久以后,不一会儿;sooner or later 迟早;then 然后。结合语境,应选B。答案: B7. A. restaurantB. shopC. bookstoreD. post office解析: 根据
46、下文to get something to eat可知“我”去了宾馆附近的一家饭店。答案: A8. A. sentence B. little C. wordD. phrase解析: 根据文章最后一句可知“我”一个英语单词都不会说。答案: C9. A. bossB. cook C. waiterD. man解析: 根据文意可知,应是服务员。答案: C10. A. soundsB. changesC. voicesD. gestures解析: make some gestures 做手势。答案: D11. A. hearB. understand C. see D. serve解析: 服务员还是
47、不明白“我”的意思。答案: B12. A. readingB. writingC. orderingD. eating解析: “我”点了邻桌顾客吃的东西。答案: D13. A. until B. when C. beforeD. after解析: “我”沿着百老汇大街一直走到时代广场。答案: A14. A. stoppedB. triedC. decidedD. continued解析: “我”继续在纽约市区徜徉。答案: D15. A. somethingB. everything C. nothingD. anything解析: 根据下文可知,此句意为“我想在第一天看到纽约的一切”。故选B。
48、答案: B16. A. necessaryB. important C. impossibleD. right解析: 第一天就把纽约看个遍是不可能的,但“我”想试一试。necessary 必要的;important 重要的;impossible 不可能的;right 正确的。结合句意,故选C。答案: C17. A. tiredB. excited C. surprisedD. pleased解析:回到宾馆,感觉肯定是累的。tired 累的;excited 激动的;surprised 感到惊讶的;pleased 高兴的。结合句意,应选A。答案: A18. A. go outB. eat out C. have a bathD. fall asleep解析:虽然很累,但因为窗外火警声和警笛声无法入睡。go out 外出;eat out 出去吃饭;have a bath洗澡;fall asleep 入睡,睡着。结合句意,应选D。答案: D19. A. afraidB. awakeC. aloudD. asleep解析:afraid 害怕的;awake 清醒的,醒着的;aloud 大声地; asleep 睡着的。结合上句句意,可知应选B。答案: B20. A. noise B. streets C. placesD. rivers解析: 根据上文可知纽约市区喧嚣、嘈杂。答案: A
