1、1shine vi.发出光vt.照射shiny adj.光滑发亮的，闪光的2associate vt.联想，联系association n协会，社团3mud n泥土；泥muddy adj.沾满泥的，泥泞的4sharp adj. 敏锐的；锋利的；(变化)急剧的，猛烈的；响亮的；严厉的adv.(指时刻)整；向左/右急转sharpen vt. 使提高，使改进5expect v预料，预测expectation n预料，预期sharpen v(使)变得锋利，变得清晰；加强；使尖锐；使明朗；(使)提高1This knife needs sharpening.(使)锋利2The outline of the
2、 trees sharpened as it grew lighter.变得清晰3The sea air sharpened our appetites. 加强4There is a need to sharpen the focus of the discussion.使明朗5She is doing a course to sharpen her business skills.(使)提高Words and Phrases知识要点1(教材P26)A far cry from the bright lights and shiny courts of the National Basketb
3、all Association (NBA)，it was along this road that Stephens grandfather built a simple basket by attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole.正是沿着这条路，斯蒂芬的祖父将一块塑料绑到一根电线杆上，制作了一个简陋的篮筐，这与美国国家篮球协会(NBA)明亮的灯光和闪亮的球场大不相同。(1)a far cry from与大不相同例Watching a movie is definitely a far cry from taking a vacatio
4、n in Hawaii.看电影与去夏威夷度假简直就是天壤之别。知识拓展as far as至于，直到，远到；就而言by far(修饰比较级或最高级)得多；最so far到目前为止，迄今far from远离；远非；完全不即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Living in the heart of New York City is certainly a far cry from living in the rural countryside.It is by far the beefiest country in Africa.We shouldnt have spent so much money
5、 visiting here；the scenery is far from beautiful.So far，some advanced teaching equipment，together with three hundred new books，has been sent (send) to those schools in the faraway area.As far as I know，the meeting wont be held tomorrow.据我所知，明天不举行会议。(2)association n协会，社团；联合，联想例So a lot hangs on wheth
6、er the association between gene and disease is real.所以，这一切取决于基因与疾病之间是否真的有关联。知识拓展(1)in association with.与合伙/合作(2)associate v.联系，联想n.同伴，伙伴associate.with.把同联系起来be associated with.和有关associate with sb.与某人打交道即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I，representing our universitys student association (associate)，went to the Beijing
7、 Capital International Airport to meet this years international students.Nuts are high in a mineral associated (associate) with highquality sleep.The book was published in association (associate) with the Peoples Education Press. When talking about China，people often associate it with the Yellow Riv
8、er.谈到中国，人们经常把它和黄河联系在一起。(3)attach.to.把附/系在上面例We attach labels to things before we file them away.我们在把东西归档前先给它们贴上标签。知识拓展attach importance/significance to sth.认为有重要性/意义attach oneself to sb./be attached to附属于；依恋即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Attach a recent photograph to your application form.Generally speaking，parents
9、 attach great importance(important) to their childrens education.The hospital you referred to just now is attached to the medical college.你刚才提到的这家医院附属于这所医学院。知识要点2give way倒塌；向下垮；让步，屈服(教材P26)You see，with every shot，the weak plastic backboard gave way.你看，每一次投篮，不牢固的塑料篮板都摇摇欲坠。例The bank of the river gave
10、way and the water burst forth.河岸坍塌，河水冲了出来。知识拓展give way to被取代；向让步give out放出，发出(光、热、声音等)；分发；公布；用完，耗尽 give away免费赠送；泄露(秘密) give up放弃；戒除 give in屈服；投降即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子He gave away all his books before death.The sun gives out light and heat to the earth.He is such a determined person that he will never give
11、 way to any difficulties.This overpass might give way during an earthquake.这座天桥在地震中可能会倒塌。知识要点3sharpen v(使)提高，改善；(使)变得锋利，变得清晰；使尖锐，使明朗(教材P26)In this way，practising day in and day out helped Stephan sharpen his skills.就这样，日复一日地练习帮助斯蒂芬提高了他的球技。例I hope this course will help me sharpen my computer skill.我希
12、望这门课程能帮助我提高电脑操作技能。知识拓展(1)sharpen up(使)提高，改善(2)sharp adj.敏锐的；锋利的；(变化)急剧的，猛烈的；响亮的；严厉的adv.(指时刻)整；向左/右急转be sharp with sb.对某人严厉(3)sharply adv.急剧地；严厉地；鲜明地，明显地sharpener n. C磨具，削具即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said sharply (sharp)，“Dont be so mean，”pointing a finger of warn
13、ing at her.Memories can be destroyed if the brain doesnt have enough rests to sharpen (sharp)them.The boss can be very sharp with people when shes busy.He needs to sharpen up before the match.比赛之前他需要进一步提高自己。小片段填空I sharpened the knife using a sharpener，and now its sharp enough to cut meat into pieces
14、.我用磨具将这把刀磨得锋利，现在它足够锋利，可以把肉切成碎片。知识要点4follow in ones footsteps仿效某人，继承某人(尤指家人)的事业(教材P26)Despite his fathers successful career，Stephen was thought by many people，including his high school teammates and coaches，to be too short，too thin and too weak to follow in his fathers footsteps.尽管他父亲的事业很成功，但很多人，包括斯蒂
15、芬的高中队友和教练，都认为他太矮小瘦弱，无法继承父亲的事业。例He works in television，following in his fathers footsteps.他效仿父亲，从事电视行业。知识拓展follow the crowd随大流follow ones example效仿某人的做法as follows如下；如下所述(通常作表语)follow ones order服从某人的命令follow ones advice听从某人的建议即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The main points of the plan are as follows.He followed in his
16、 brothers footsteps and became a lawyer.If he had followed my advice，he wouldnt have lost his job.如果他听从了我的建议，他就不会失去他的工作。知识要点5carry on继续；坚持(教材26)But Stephen carried on.但是斯蒂芬坚持了下来。例After the meal，the managers went back to the meeting room to carry on their discussion.吃完饭后经理们回到会议室继续他们的讨论。知识拓展carry on d
17、oing/with.继续做carry out执行carry off成功地完成；赢得，获得(奖项)carry through实现；完成即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Youll have an accident if you carry on driving (drive) like that.After his death，his children will certainly carry on his career.He is determined to carry all his plans throughIt was a difficult project，but we carried i
18、t off well.Proper amounts of exercise，if carried out regularly，can improve our health.如果经常地进行适当的运动，我们的身体健康能够得到改善。知识要点6expectation n预料，预期；期望，指望(教材P27)He performed beyond everyones expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.凭借精准的投篮和不断的努力让他的表现超出了所有人的预期。例I applied for the post more i
19、n hope than expectation.我申请这个职位是希望多于期待。知识拓展(1)beyond ones expectations 超出某人的预期in expectation of.预计会有，预料live up to/meet (sb.s) expectations不负(某人的)期望against all expectations出乎意料(2)expect v.预料；期待；期望；认为expect (sb.) to do sth.期待(某人)做某事as expected按计划进行，不出所料I expect so我认为是这样的即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Sometimes it is
20、a bit challenging to reach a compromise between parents expectations (expect)and their kids desires.It was an A，which was beyond my expectations.To be honest，the role Jack plays in this film doesnt live up to my expectations，though he is one of my favourite actors.I never expected the shoes to be wo
21、rn(wear) out so soon.In expectation of a traffic jam，I decided to walk.我预料会堵车，于是决定步行。小片段填空We have great expectations of you，and all expect you can leave a deep impression on the audience.我们对你抱有极大的期望，都希望你能给观众留下深刻的印象。知识要点7set out 出发，开始做(教材P27)I never really set out to change the game.我从来没有真正开始改变比赛例We
22、set out to find the truth behind the mystery.我们开始着手揭开谜团背后的真相。知识拓展set about着手，开始做set off出发，启程，引起，使(炸弹等)爆炸set aside节省，保留set up建立，树立set down写下，放下即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译 As he was ready to set out/off，he found that the road was blocked.Ralph WEmerson would always set down new ideas that occurred to him.You had
23、better set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.一到这个村庄，教授就着手研究当地居民的风俗习惯。On arriving at the village，the professor set out to study the customs of the natives.(不定式)On arriving at the village，the professor set about studying the customs of the natives.(动词ing)Sent
24、ence Patterns重点句式1强调句(教材P26).it was along this road that Stephens grandfather built a simple basket by attaching a piece of plastic to a telephone pole.正是沿着这条路，斯蒂芬的祖父将一块塑料绑到一根电线杆上，制作了一个简陋的篮筐句式分析：本句是一个强调句，强调状语along this road。例1It was the manager that/who asked his secretary to keep him informed of th
25、e progress.是经理让秘书告知他进展情况的。例2It is coffee that they always drink in the afternoon.他们经常在下午喝的是咖啡。知识拓展(1)强调句的基本句型是“It is/was被强调部分that/who句子其他部分”。(2)强调句的一般疑问句是将is/was提前，即：“Is/Was it .that .”。(3)强调句的特殊疑问句形式，需将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即“疑问词(被强调部分)is/wasitthat句子其他部分”。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子It was his best friend that/w
26、ho he met at the party.It was with the help of the local guide that the mountain climber was rescued.It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.Was it Sally that/who phoned you just now?刚才是莎莉给你打电话吗？What was it that prevented him fr
27、om coming in time?是什么使他不能及时来的？名师点津强调句型的判断方法：把it is/was及that去掉，依然是一个完整的句子；否则，就不是强调句型。试比较：It was in the park that I lost my cell phone.(强调句型)It was the park where I lost my cell phone.(where引导定语从句)重点句式2too.to.句型(教材P26)Despite his fathers successful career，Stephen was thought by many people，including h
28、is high school teammates and coaches，to be too short，too thin and too weak to follow in his fathers footsteps.尽管他父亲的事业很成功，但很多人，包括斯蒂芬的高中队友和教练，都认为他太矮小瘦弱，无法继承父亲的事业。句式分析：句中的too short，too thin and too weak to follow in his fathers footsteps是too.to.结构，表示“太而不能”。例1He is too shy to give a speech.他太害羞，不敢做演讲。例
29、2The milk is too hot to drink/to be drunk.牛奶太烫了，不能喝。知识拓展(1)cant/can never.too.意为“再也不过分”。(2)too.to.结构常可转换为“soadj./adv.thatclause”结构。(3)在too.to.结构中，若用ready，anxious，eager，glad，willing等形容词，则该结构不表否定意义。即学即练同义句转换/完成句子She is too young to do the work.She isnt old enough to do the work.(enough.to.)The box is
30、too heavy for me to carry.The box is so heavy that I cant carry it(so.that.)You cant be too careful to cross the street穿过街道再细心也不过分。Im too glad to meet you here.在这里碰到你真是太高兴了。(教材P27)Inspiring others to believe in themselves，Stephen Curry is living proof that what other people think of you does not hav
31、e to influence what you become.分析本句是一个复合句，Inspiring others to believe in themselves是现在分词短语作状语；that引导同位语从句解释proof内容；what other people think of you在同位语从句中作主语；what you become作宾语。译文鼓励别人相信自己，别人对你的看法并不一定会影响你成为什么样的人，斯蒂芬库里就是活生生的例子。教材高考1.to be too short，too thin and too weak to follow in his fathers footstep
32、s.(2020全国卷)Besides，the most puzzling thing is that our tone is too monotonous to present the characters inner heart fully.2.A far cry from the bright lights and shiny courts of the National Basketball Association (NBA).(2019北京卷)You can do all the three with Global Development Association (GDA).3.He
33、performed beyond everyones expectations with his accurate shooting and continuou sefforts.(2019全国卷)To sum up，I wish you could live up to the expectations of our school.单句语法填空1New research proves it wrong that the loss of one sense may sharpen(sharp) other senses.2That autobiography was a far cry fro
34、m what happened in his life.3The small ball bounced (bounce) several times and rolled into the river.4The naughty boy was muddy (mud) because he had been playing soccer in the rain all afternoon.5Nothing is so easy as for parents to raise their expectations (expectation) of their children too high.6
35、Aristotle was a great philosopher (philosophy)，scientist and educator.7Experts insist that packets of cigarettes come with a health warning attached to them.8It was him that/who I found difficult to get along with.9I was 19 and too young to know (know) much about life.10In your letter，you asked my a
36、dvice on how to choose a proper association (associate) in your school.选词填空a far cry from，attach.to.，sharpen ones skills，follow in ones footsteps，set out，give way，carry on，carry out，beyond ones expectation，in a row1Alice，the sales manager of the company，is doing a course to sharpen her business skil
37、ls2The stage gave way (倒塌) just a minute and a half later.3What you did was a far cry from what you said you were going to do.4The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.5She set out to break the world land speed record.6She won the first prize in the compe
38、tition，which was beyond her expectations7For the second day in a row Adam was the only guest at breakfast.8He is one of the students who attach great importance to homework.9Its difficult to carry on the discussion with all this noise around us.10Dean hoped his son would follow in his footsteps and
39、become an economist.课文语法填空Stephen Curry，the son of the famous basketballer Dell Curry，spent his childhood years 1.playing (play) on a muddy basketball court，whose basket was built by his grandfather by attaching a piece of plastic 2.to a telephone pole.The poor 3.conditions (condition) helped him de
40、velop his own playing style.He learnt to be creative and flexible as a player.Shooting with great 4.accuracy (accurate) was another thing he learnt.5.Practising (practise) day in and day out helped Stephen sharpen his skills.Despite this，it seemed unlikely to many people that Stephen would be a grea
41、t basketball player like his father，6.as he was too short，too thin and too weak.Nevertheless，he refused to give up and ended up 7.playing (play) college ball for Davidson College.His 8.creativity(creative) and perseverance made him Davidsons star player.In 2009，he joined the Gold State Warriors.He performed 9.beyond everyones expectations with his accurate shooting and continuous efforts.In 2015，he led the Warriors to their first NBA championship since 1975.Stephen 10.achieved (achieve) his dream through selfbelief，hard work，perseverance and some help from an old hoop.
