1、江苏省南通市2020届高三英语适应性练习试题（含解析）第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 (共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where does the woman suggest the key might be?A. Under the mat.B. Above the door.C.
2、 Under the flower pot.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M: Do you know where our apartment key is? Its not under the mat where it usually is.W: Try looking above the door.M: I found it! It was under the flower pot.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What makes the girl study harder?A. To get a toyB. To work as a designer.C. To earn mon
3、ey for a car.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Look at my new car!M: Thats not a car. Its a toy, and youre still taking the bus to school.W: Well, its a model of the car Im going to buy when I get my first job. It helps me want to work harder.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What did the notice say about Tom?A. He has finished hi
4、s research.B. He has been promoted to manager.C. He is going to work in the research center.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: I heard the manager made a notice this morning. Do you know what it was about?M: Its about Tom. Hes being switched to the research center.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will the speakers probably do
5、 next?A. Use a flashlight.B. Light a candle.C. Buy a book.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W: Oh, no. The lights went out again. I wish we had a flashlight or a candle.M: The flashlight is out of batteries, but I have a candle and matches right here.W: Great! Now I can finish reading this book.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What
6、are the speakers mainly talking about?A. The mans job.B. The mans marriage.C. The mans relationship with his assistant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Do you invite your assistant to events outside of work?M: Absolutely. Kelly and I are very close, and my wife and I know her husband very well, too.W: Wonderful. She
7、 probably loves her job because of that. And it helps you two have an even closer working relationship.第二节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6. What are the speak
8、ers arguing about?A. A bird.B. Some money.C. A game.7. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. On a lake.B. On a farm.C. At a park.【答案】6. A 7. C【解析】【原文】W: Look at that beautiful duck over there on the lake.M: What are you talking about? Thats a wild goose.W: No way. $20 says thats a wild
9、duck.M: Id do it for $100, but I dont want to take your money because were friends. Instead, why dont we play a farmers game?W: Whats that?M: Its a friendly game with no money involved. Walk over to that guy and ask him. He works for the park.W: No, you do it.M: I dont want to ask him a stupid quest
10、ion like that. Its obviously a wild goose.W: Well, I guess well never know.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8. Why is the man nervous?A. He doesnt like job interviews.B. He doesnt want to lose his job.C. He doesnt have many employment options.9. How long was the woman out of work?A. Three months.B
11、. Six months.C. Two years.10. How did the man live without work and pay?A. With money from his brother.B. With money from his parents.C. With money from his savings.【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A【解析】【原文】M: Im so nervous about my job interview next week. I havent worked for three months! I really need to get th
12、is job.W: I understand. Being unemployed is so stressful. Remember when I lost my job two years ago? The company I worked for had to fire a hundred people because of bad management. I was out of work for six months!M: What did you do for money?W: My parents helped me out, and I had a little money sa
13、ved up. But it was difficult to make ends meet.M: Thats great that your parents helped you. My brother gave me some money to cover my basic expenses. But I cant rely on his help forever.W: Well, Im sure that youll get this job! Good luck!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11. What are the speakers do
14、ing at the beginning?A. Queuing up.B. Ordering food.C. Having some drinks.12. What does the man like best?A. Beef.B. Fish.C. Chicken.13. What does the woman think of the fish?A. A little sour.B. Very sweet.C. Too salty.【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C【解析】【原文】M: All the food smells tasty today and makes my mout
15、h water.W: Lets line up here. This line seems a little shorter.M: Whats on the menu today?W: Fish, beef, pork, chicken and vegetables. We also have rice, bread and noodles.M: Oh, were really lucky today, arent we?W: Ill take the cabbage with beef.M: I think Ill take the fried fish because fish is on
16、e of my favorites.W: Thats good. We can share what we have. Here we are. You go ahead.M: Here is a free table. Lets sit down. Help yourself to some fish please. Isnt it delicious?W: Im sorry. I dont like it. Its a little too salty.M: I see you Southerners prefer sweet, dont you?W: Yes, I like the fi
17、sh cooked in sweet and sour sauce best. Try some beef, please.M: Thank you. I want to get some more bread as well.W: Your appetite sure is good.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14. Where is the treehouse?A. In Justins yard.B. In Stanleys yard.C. In Miss Johnsons yard.15. How will Justin get back t
18、o the treehouse?A. By car.B. By bike.C. On foot.16. Why is Justin in a hurry?A. He is afraid of thunder.B. He thinks its going to rain.C. He wants his mother to see the treehouse.【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B【解析】【原文】W: Where have you been, Justin?M: I was playing with Stanley. We built a treehouse in that b
19、ig tree in Miss Johnsons yard.W: That sounds dangerous. Couldnt you build one in our yard? Or even across the street?M: No, those trees are too small. We built it in five days. It looks really good.W: Can I see it?M: Sorry, Mom. No girls allowed.W: OK, then, Justin. But where are your boots?M: I thi
20、nk I left them in the treehouse. Can I get them tomorrow?W: Its going to rain tonight. Just how great is the roof on your treehouse?M: Umm, we didnt finish the roof yet. Do you think you could go get the boots out of there for me? I left my bike at Stanleys house.W: Sorry, Justin. I hear there are n
21、o girls allowed in this treehouse. But Ill be happy to drive you down the street and you can get them.M: Oh, thanks, Mom. I cant wait to walk in the rain in my boots!W: I knew youd like it.M: Yeah, Mom. Are you ready to go now? I think I heard some thunder.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17. Who is
22、 the speaker talking to?A. Teachers.B. Parents.C. Students.18. What will the temperature be tomorrow morning?A. -10C.B. -20C.C. -15C.19. What should the listeners have so that they can change into?A. A pair of boots.B. A warm jacket.C. A pair of pants.20. Where is the announcement from?A. A school.B
23、. A TV station.C. A radio station.【答案】17. C 18. C 19. A 20. A【解析】【原文】Attention, everyone! Please pause your conversations for an announcement about what to do during bad weather! Safety is our first concern, especially in winter. Recently, its supposed to get very cold - about -10C tonight, and -15C
24、 tomorrow morning. Whats worse, it will be even farther down to -20C by tomorrow evening. Please make sure you come to school with enough clothes to keep you warm, and you should also have a pair of boots you can change into. Highland Public School District officials will consider travel conditions
25、before making a decision about whether to cancel school. If school will be closed because of winter weather or another reason, an announcement will be made by 6:00 a.m. on that day by local radio stations and television stations. We may need to inform your parents by phone as well, so if your parent
26、s phone numbers have changed, please tell the school. Lets make sure we all have a happy and safe winter! Thank you for your attention.第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节, 满分35分)第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21.Love will always be a topic of _ interest regardless of race,
27、religion or nationality.A. spiritualB. universalC. fundamentalD. conventional【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爱将永远是一个普遍关注的话题，不分种族、宗教或性别。A. spiritual精神的，心灵的；B. universal普遍的，全体的，全世界的，共同的；C. fundamental 根本的，基础的；D. conventional传统的，常规的。根据 regardless of race, religion or nationality可知，用universal“普遍的”符合语境。故选B项。22
28、._ as chairman of Alibaba, Jack Ma is helping build a credit system for small businesses.A. To resignB. ResignedC. ResigningD. Having resigned【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:辞去阿里巴巴董事长之后，马云在帮助建立小企业的信用系统。根据句意可判断，分句部分无主语故resign需要用非谓语动词，又因为resign发生在is helping之前。所以需要用having done的形式做状语。故选D项。23.Coming on as a _ fo
29、r a regular player, Jones scored four crucial goals for his team.A. symbolB. sacrificeC. superiorD. substitute【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:作为一个替补队员上场，琼斯为他的队打进四个制胜的球。A.symbol象征，标志；代表性的人(物)；B.sacrifice牺牲；献祭，祭品；C.superior更好的；上级的；上级，上司；D.substitute代替者；(尤指)替补队员；代课老师；代替物，替代品。分析句子，划线后提到了“for a regular player(为
30、固定球员）”，可知Jones是一个替补队员。故选D项。24.He pointed out such a crucial detail about the experiment _ we could never neglect.A. asB. thatC. whereD. when【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他指出有关实验的这样一个我们绝不能忽视的关键细节。根据句意判断先行词为a crucial detail在定语从句中作neglect的宾语，且先行词被such修饰，故用关系代词as。故选A项。25.The manager has _ several principles th
31、at he hopes will guide his employees in their work.A. set inB. set offC. set outD. set aside【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：经理制定了几条准则，希望能在工作中指导他的员工们。A. set in开始，发生，到来；B. set off出发，使爆炸，燃放，引起(某种情绪)；C. set out着手做，安排，制定；D. set aside留出，抛弃。根据several principles可知，此处用“安排/制定”符合语境，故选C项。26.On the whole, frequently _
32、in a wide variety of activities and older adults are less likely to feel depressed.A. participateB. to participateC. participatingD. participated【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查祈使句。句意：总的来说，如果频繁参加多种多样的活动，老年人不太可能感到情绪低落。分析句子可知，此处表示建议的语气，且此处符合祈使句+and+陈述句的结构，因此设空处应用动词原形，故选A项。27.Though lacking experience, Mike was convinc
33、ed that he _ a higher pay by working hard.A. has gotB. will getC. gotD. would get【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然迈克缺乏经验，但他相信只要努力工作就能得到更高的报酬。根据句意可知，此处表示将来的动作，再根据谓语动词was convinced可知，应用过去将来时。故选D。28._ this approach is effective in losing weight, it is not as beneficial as keeping a balanced diet.A. OnceB. Whil
34、eC. UnlessD. Until【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查状语从句连词。句意：虽然这种方法在减肥方面很有效，但是它不如保持均衡的饮食更有益。A. Once一旦；B. While虽然；C. Unless除非；D. Until直到。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用while“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境和语法，故选B项。29.In the librarys warehouse, robots would manage stock and fetch books _.A. on boardB. on watchC. on demandD. on occasion【答案】C【解析】【详解】
35、考查介词短语辨析。句意：在图书馆的仓库里，机器人会管理库存和按需取书。A. on board在火车(或轮船、飞机)上； B. on watch警戒，值夜；C. on demand一经要求；承索； D. on occasion偶尔；间或；有时。根据robots would manage stock and fetch books，结合常识，可知这里意思是“按需取书”，故选C。30.Take a break, Amy. You _ on the piano all morning.All right. But the competition is coming soon. I have to wo
36、rk harder.A. are practisingB. will be practisingC. have been practisingD. practice【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：-艾米，休息一会吧。你都练钢琴一上午了。-好吧。但比赛很快就到了。我还得在努力一下。分析句意，艾米丽已经弹了一上午钢琴而且还将继续弹。所以此处应用现在完成进行时表示从动作从过去持续到现在且还将持续下去的动作。故选C项。31.When dealing with people from different cultures, we should seek common ground and
37、_ differences.A. registerB. reserveC. requestD. restore【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们和来自不同文化的人打交道的时候，我们要求同存异。A. register登记，注册；B. reserve 预订，保留，拥有，保持；C. request请求，要求；D. restore恢复，修复。根据people from different cultures及常识可知，此处指“寻求共同点和保留差异”，即求同存异。故选B。32.If you are addicted to your mobile phone, thats _ you
38、should lay it down and be involved in meaningful activities.A. whenB. whyC. whereD. how【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查表语从句。句意：如果你沉迷于手机，那么该是你放下手机，参加有意义的活动的时候了。此处是表语从句，引导词在从句中作时间状语，应使用when引导。故选A。33.I _ my friends and relatives during the Spring Festivals, but I had to stay home because of COVID-19 outbreak.A. should
39、visitB. might visitC. would have visitedD. must have visited【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：春节期间我本来想走亲访友，但是因为COVID-19疫情的爆发，我只好呆在家里。would have done是一个固定虚拟语气的用法。表示对过去事情的假设，意为“本来想做、要做但没做”。根据句意可知是对过去的假设，应用would have done。故选C项。34.Only when he almost knocked her down _ an old woman was in front of his ca
40、r.A. he had foundB. had he foundC. he foundD. did he find【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意:只有他几乎要撞到她的时候，他才发现一个老妇人在他的汽车前面。only+状语从句置于句首，主句需要部分倒装。根据“when he almost knocked her down”判断用一般过去时。故选D。35.I hope well be able to move to the new house next month._. The decoration is still in progress.A. Forget itB. Hard
41、 to sayC. Pardon meD. No kidding【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：我希望我们下个月可以搬到新房子去。很难说。还在装修。A. Forget it算了吧；B. Hard to say很难说；C. Pardon me请原谅；D. No kidding不是开玩笑。根据下文内容The decoration is still in progress可知，此处用“很难说”符合语境，故选B项。第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。From pove
42、rty to a rocket scientist to the CEO of the Girl Scouts (女童子军), Sylvia Acevedos story is inspiring.Sylvia Acevedo grew up on a dirt road in New Mexico. Her family was _36_, living paycheck to paycheck. After an infectious disease _37_ in Las Cruces nearly killed her younger sister, her mother moved
43、the family to a different _38_. At her new school, a classmate _39_ her to become a Brownie Girl Scout. And from that moment, her life _40_ a new path.The Girl Scout cookie program equips girls with basic _41_ knowledge. Women constantly in the sector said they got their _42_ through it. Sylvia Acev
44、edo was there going door-to-door _43_ cookies to all her neighbors. Theres a famous sales _44_ that her troop leader gave her: you never leave the side of a sale _45_ youve heard “no” three times, and to this day she _46_ by that.The Girl Scout experience in a way got girls _47_. When they are earni
45、ng different badges (徽章) , they have all those job skills that are tied _48_ to what theyve learned. On one camping trip, Acevedos troop leader saw her looking up at the _49_-she didnt know that there were planets. Her troop leader _50_ the Big Dipper, the Little Dipper and a few planets. Later, whe
46、n the girls were _51_ badges, Acevedos leader remembered her _52_ with the stars and suggested she _53_ for her science badge. She went on to get a masters in _54_ from Stanford University, then became a rocket scientist with NASA, and then, in 2016, was tapped to _55_ the Girl Scouts.What the Girl
47、Scouts taught her was determination and resilience (适应力) and she has kept that lesson in her life ever since.36. A. largeB. happyC. poorD. close37. A. controlB. outbreakC. detectionD. victim38. A. projectB. neighbourhoodC. schoolyardD. division39. A. convincedB. advisedC. forcedD. allowed40 A. took
48、upB. took inC. took offD. took on41. A. politicalB. culturalC. financialD. religious42. A. startB. wayC. headD. vote43. A. allocatingB. sellingC. makingD. tasting44. A. campaignB. figureC. programD. technique45. A. afterB. whileC. untilD. since46. A. livesB. getsC. passesD. judges47. A. adoptedB. hi
49、redC. noticedD. supported48. A. graduallyB. hopefullyC. directlyD. mysteriously49. A. treesB. birdsC. starsD. tents50. A. pointed outB. ruled outC. sorted outD. brought out51. A. wearingB. donatingC. countingD. earning52. A. satisfactionB. associationC. combinationD. fascination53. A. tryB. wishC. s
50、tandD. pay54. A. nursingB. marketingC. teachingD. engineering55. A. backB. headC. fundD. check【答案】36. C 37. B 38. B 39. A 40. D 41. C 42. A 43. B 44. D 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. C 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. D 53. A 54. D 55. B【解析】本文为记叙文。Sylvia Acevedo幼年时成为女童子军的一员。在一次露营中，队长发现她对星星着迷，鼓励她学习科学。多年后，她获得了斯坦福大学的工程学硕士
51、学位，随后成为了NASA的科学家，并在2016年被任命为女童子军的CEO。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她家里很穷，靠薪水过日子。A. large大的；B. happy幸福的；C. poor贫穷的；D. close亲密的。根据第一段中“From poverty to a rocket scientist to the CEO of the Girl Scouts”，可知Sylvia Acevedo出身贫困。故选C项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Las Cruces爆发的一场传染病几乎夺去了她妹妹的生命之后，她的母亲把家搬到了另一个临近的地区。A. control控制；B.
52、 outbreak （疾病等）突然 爆发；C. detection检测；D. victim受害者。根据“nearly killed her younger sister” 可知传染病爆发很严重。故选B项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Las Cruces爆发的一场传染病几乎夺去了她妹妹的生命之后，她的母亲把家搬到了另一个临近的地区。A. project项目；B. neighbourhood 临近的地区，地区；C. schoolyard校园；D. division分区。Sylvia Acevedo一家搬家应该是搬到另一个地方。故选B项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的新学校
53、，一个同学说服她成为一名女童子军。A. convinced说服；B. advised建议；C. forced强迫；D. allowed允许。根据下文可知，Sylvia参加了女童子军，因此是同学说服了她。故选A项。【40题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：从那一刻起，她的生活走上了新的道路。A. took up占据，开始从事；B. took in收留，欺骗C. took off（飞机）起飞；D. took on呈现出，承担。根据下文Sylvia参加女童子军后的经历可知，她的生活呈现出一片新样子。故选D项。【41题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：女童军的饼干义卖项目为女童具备了基本的金融方面的知识。A
54、. political政治的；B. cultural文化的；C. financial经济的；D. religious宗教的。根据下文提到的“sales”可知，通过销售饼干，女孩们了解到基本的与经济有关的知识。故选C项。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：该行业的女性经常表示，她们是通过这个行业起步的。A. start开始；B. way方法；C. head带头，领头；D. vote投票。故选A项。此处start是名词，指“ (谋生、事业等)开始，起步”。根据上文“The Girl Scout cookie program equips girls with basic 6 knowledge”
55、中的“basic 6 knowledge”可推知，了解销售的基本知识应该是开始。故选A项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sylvia Acevedo挨家挨户地向所有的邻居们推销饼干。A. allocating分配；B. selling卖，销售；C. making制作；D. tasting品尝。根据下文提到的“sales”可知，女孩们是销售饼干。故选B项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的团队队长给了她一个著名的销售技巧：如果你没有听过三次“不”，你就不能离开销售现场。此处是与sales搭配的短语辨析。A. sales campaign销售宣传活动；B. sales figure
56、销售数据；C. sales program销售项目；D. sales technique销售技巧。根据“you never leave the side of a sale 10 youve heard “no” three times”可推知，团队队长是告诉她销售技巧。故选D项。【45题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：她的团队队长给了她一个著名的销售技巧：如果你没有听过三次“不”，你就不能离开销售现场。A. after在之后；B. while当时候，C. until直到；D. since自从。前面有never，此处是短语never. until，意思为“直到 才”。故选C项。【46题详解】考查
57、动词词义辨析。句意：直到今天她还奉行那个著名的销售技巧。此处是各选项与介词by搭配短语的辨析；A. lives by 以为生；以为行为准则；B. gets by勉强应付；C. passes by经过；D. judges by根据判断。现在她还以这个销售技巧为行为准则。故选A项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女童子军的经历从某种程度上来说帮助女孩子们受到聘用。A. adopted收养；B. hired雇佣，聘用；C. noticed注意到；D. supported支持。根据下文“. they have all those job skills.”可知，女孩们在女童子军中的经历对她们的工作
58、技能有帮助。故选B项。【48题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们获得不同的徽章，所有那些职业技能和她们所学的有直接联系。 A. gradually逐渐地；B. hopefully有希望地；C. directly直接地；D. mysteriously神秘地。根据上一句“The Girl Scout experience in a way got girls 12 ”可知，女孩们在女童子军中学到的东西与她们后来的工作技能有直接的关系。故选C项。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次野营旅行中，Acevedo的团队队长看到她在仰望星空她不知道有行星存在。A. trees树木；B. birds
59、鸟儿；C. stars星星；D. tents帐篷。根据下一句“she didnt know that there were planets”中的“planets”可知，她是抬头看着星空。故选C项。【50题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的队长指出了北斗七星、小北斗七星和几个行星。A. pointed out指出；B. ruled out排除在外；C. sorted out分类，整理；D. brought out使显现出。根据上一句中“she didnt know that there were planets”，她不知道有行星，因此队长给她指出都有些什么星星。故选A项。【51题详解】考查动词词
60、义辨析。句意：后来，当女孩们获得徽章时，Acevedo的队长想起了她对星星的着迷，建议她争取她的科学徽章。A. wearing佩戴；B. donating捐赠；C. counting数；D. earning赚取，赢得。根据上文“When they are earning different badges (徽章). ”可知，是“赢得徽章”。故选D项。【52题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，当女孩们获得徽章时，Acevedo的队长想起了她对星星的着迷，建议她争取她的科学徽章。A. satisfaction满意；B. association联想，联系；C. combination结合；D. f
61、ascination入迷。根据上文“ her looking up at the _14_可知，Acevedo对星星很着迷。故选D项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，当女孩们获得徽章时，Acevedo的队长想起了她对星星的着迷，建议她争取她的科学徽章。此处是各选项与介词for搭配的短语辨析。A. try for争取；B. wish for希望得到；C. stand for 代表；D. pay for付款。Acevedo队长鼓励她学习科学，争取获得科学徽章。故选A项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她后来在斯坦福大学获得了工程学硕士学位。A. nursing护理学；B. mar
62、keting市场营销；C. teaching教学；D. engineering工程学。根据下一句的“then became a rocket scientist with NASA”可知，她学习的是工程学。故选D项。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在2016年被任命为女童子军负责人。A. back支持；B. head作为的领头人，带领；C. fund资助；D. check核对，检查。根据第一段中的“From poverty to a rocket scientist to the CEO of the Girl Scouts (女童子军) ”可知，她被任命为女童子军的负责人。短语b
63、e tapped to “被指定为”。故选B项。第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AKeep the Summer Fun GoingGrand Ole Opry PackageExperience some of Nashvilles most notable attractions with the Grand Ole Opry Package, a three-night getaway that includes lodging, a performance a
64、t the Grand Ole Opry, and a General Jackson Showboat Dinner Cruise.Hersheypark Vacation PackageThe exciting Hersheypark Vacation Package includes two nights of lodging in the area in addition to tickets to Hersheypark, a recreational dream where visitors can ride exciting roller coasters and taste t
65、he delicious milk chocolate that the Hershey company is known for.Bransons Fun for Kids VacationBransons Fun for Kids Vacation includes four nights of lodging, admission to the Bransons Wild World VIP Animal Adventure, Escape Mini Golf & Jungle Arcade, Hamners Unbelievable Family Variety Show, Fritz
66、s Adventure, a one day pass to Silver Dollar City and admission to the Dolly Partons Stampede!SeaWorld San Antonio Vacation PackageDive into the deep sea excitement of SeaWorld with the SeaWorld San Antonio Vacation Package, which includes Three Day Flex Ticket and three nights lodging at your choic
67、e of hotels in the area.56. If you are planning an exciting wild jungle adventure, which vacation package will you book?A. Grand Ole Opry Package.B. Hersheypark Vacation Package.C. Bransons Fun for Kids Vacation.D. SeaWorld San Antonio Vacation Package.57. Hersheypark Vacation Package is attractive
68、in that it includes _.A. free accommodationB. various milk chocolatesC. thrilling roller coaster ridesD. amusing animal performances【答案】56. C 57. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个夏季度假的套餐。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据Bransons Fun for Kids Vacation提供的项目包括了four nights of lodging, admission to the Bransons Wild World VIP Animal
69、 Adventure, Escape Mini Golf & Jungle Arcade, Hamners Unbelievable Family Variety Show, Fritzs Adventure, a one day pass to Silver Dollar City and admission to the Dolly Partons Stampede（四天的住宿，Branson森野生世界VIP动物冒险，逃跑迷你高尔夫和丛林游乐场，汉纳斯令人难以置信的家庭综艺节目，弗里茨的冒险，银元城一天通行证和多莉帕顿的惊跑门票）可知，Bransons Fun for Kids Vacat
70、ion提供的项目包含了Escape Mini Golf & Jungle Arcade，符合题意。故选C项。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第2段The exciting Hersheypark Vacation Package includes two nights of lodging in the area in addition to tickets to Hersheypark, a recreational dream where visitors can ride exciting roller coasters and taste the delicious milk cho
71、colate that the Hershey company is known for（令人兴奋的Hersheypark度假套餐除了Hersheypark的门票外，还包括在该地区住宿两晚。在这里，游客可以乘坐刺激的过山车，品尝好时公司闻名的美味牛奶巧克力）可知，Hersheypark度假套餐包括了门票，住宿，乘坐刺激的过山车，品尝美味的巧克力。综合分析，故选C项。BPeople are more willing to change their mind about people they initially hold. Common wisdom holds that negative fi
72、rst impressions are hard to shake-and some research backs this up. But such studies often unfairly compare impressions based on immoral deeds that are extreme and relatively rare with impressions based on kindnesses that are more common. A new set of studies involving precisely balanced behaviors fi
73、nds that people are more willing to change their mind about individuals who initially come off as selfish than about those they think selfless.In three of the experiments, 336 laboratory and online participants read about two people who each made a series of 50 decisions regarding how many electric
74、shocks to give someone in exchange for money. One fictional subject required more money per shock than the average person did to inflict (施加) pain on others. The others price-per-shock threshold (界限) was comparably lower than the average persons. Study participants read about each subjects decisions
75、 one at a time. Before seeing each decision, they predicted what it would be. After every three decisions the fictional subject made, participants rated the individual on a scale from “nasty” to “nice,” and then specified their confidence in the rating.As expected, participants rated the person who
76、gave shocks for a lower price as nastier than the higher-price shocker. But they expressed less confidence in the “nasty” ratings, and their predictions of how many shocks that person would give fluctuated (波动) more. In other words, their beliefs about the “bad” subject were more changeable. “A well
77、-designed brain system would not write someone off completely at the first sign of trouble,” says Molly Crockett, a psychologist at Yale University.The test scenarios (情况) are a far cry from real-world interactions. Still, the experiment offers “a really elegant pattern that drills down on a questio
78、n thats so central to our everyday human life,” says Peter Mende-Siedlecki, a psychologist at the University of Delaware.58. According to the passage, what does the new set of studies find?A. Bad first impressions may be lasting.B. Bad first impressions are not set in stone.C. People often judge oth
79、ers by first impressions.D. People are reluctant to change first impressions.59. What are the researchers findings based on?A. The number of electric shocks someone was given.B. Some specific laboratory and online questionnaires.C. Comparisons between decisions made by two subjects.D. An analysis of
80、 information collected from participants.60. The underlined phrase in Paragraph 4 means “_”.A. very secureB. much differentC. completely hiddenD. almost withdrawn【答案】58. B 59. D 60. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，人们更愿意改变对那些一开始显得自私的人的看法，而不是那些他们认为无私的人。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A new set of studies involving precisely
81、balanced behaviors finds that people are more willing to change their mind about individuals who initially come off as selfish than about those they think selfless.”可知，新研究发现，人们更愿意改变对那些一开始显得很自私的看法。从而可以推断出，不好的第一印象不是一成不变的。故选B。【59题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段实验过程的描述“In three of the experiments, 336 laboratory and
82、 online participants read about two people who each made a series of 50 decisions regarding how many electric shocks to give someone in exchange for money.其中三个实验中，336名实验室和在线参与者阅读了两个人的资料，每个人都做了一系列的50个决定，决定用多少电击来换取金钱和As expected, participants rated the person who gave shocks for a lower price as nasti
83、er than the higher-price shocker.”正如预期的那样，参与者认为，给出较低价格冲击的人比给出较高价格冲击的人更令人讨厌。可以判断出，研究人员的发现是基于从参与实验的人收集的信息得出的。故选D。【60题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文实验内容 One fictional subject required more money.个虚构的实验对象)以及句中real-world interactions可知实验的情形和真实世界的互动有很大不同。而且下文的转折句Still, the experiment offers “a really elegant pattern that
84、drills down on a question thats so central to our everyday human life尽管如此，该实验还是提供了“一种非常优雅的模式，深入研究了一个对我们日常生活至关重要的问题。也起了上下文承转作用。从而猜测出a far cry为“与大不相同”，故选B。CFor many, scientific innovations tend to be welcome advancements that improve our lives. For some, however, new technologies bring risk of useless
85、ness, in turn leading to great resistance.With the climate crisis unfolding before our eyes, the race is on to find alternatives that will help humanity leave a smaller footprint on our planet. Because of animal agricultures leading role as a greenhouse gas emitter, the search for more sustainable p
86、rotein sources could be one such alternative.As food tech companies use science to unlock the potential of plant proteins, theyre producing increasingly better plant-based meats and milks that look and taste like the real thing, but with a much lower carbon footprint. Some in the meat industry are s
87、upporting the new and investing in these alt-protein companies.For some lawmakers, however, these innovative products dont deserve support; they deserve restriction. Missouri State, for example, recently passed a bill making it a crime punishable by imprisonment for companies to call their products
88、meat if they dont come from an animal.So why the mania (狂热) over meat and milk all of a sudden? Was there a consumer who brought home some pies labeled plant-based meat only to realize he was tricked? Did confused milk-drinkers file complaints with the Department of Agriculture when they found out t
89、heir soymilk didnt contain actual milk?There really are some consumers who are truly confused. Surveys show, however, that number is remarkably small. If anything, consumers are choosing these plant-based products specifically because they think theyre better for them than the original products. And
90、 they have good reason to believe that plant-based milks and meats usually have less fat and more fiber than comparable animal-based foods.So, consumers arent confusing veggie bacon for real bacon; and if they dont think chicken nuggets have the same nutritional value as chicken-free nuggets, then w
91、hy do some meat and milk groups want a monopoly (垄断) over the M-words? Could it have to do with the fact that the increasing popularity of these foods, which are more sustainable and better for you, is threatening the profits of their constituents?And with the future of our civilization hanging in t
92、he balance as climate change becomes more severe, its time for policy makers to stop trying to prevent innovation, and instead to celebrate all the ways science can save us, including with sustainable proteins that can and do produce new kinds of meat.61. What can be learned about the M-word applied
93、 to plant-based substitutes?A. They are environmentally friendly.B. They are innovative and widely accepted.C. They have been restricted across America.D They have been produced in large quantities.62. From the passage we can learn that consumers _.A. have sufficient faith in new science and technol
94、ogyB. prefer the original products to the plant-based productsC. buy the plant-based products for their great benefit to healthD. often get confused by the composition of the new kind of meat63. According to the author, some people resist the new kind of food probably because _.A. it contains no rea
95、l meatB. it brings risks to societyC. it plays a trick on customersD. it poses a threat to their profits64. Whats the authors attitude towards the plant-based products?A. Supportive.B. Cautious.C. Ambiguous.D. Disapproving【答案】61. A 62. C 63. D 64. A【解析】本文是一篇议论文。因为动物农业对温室气体排放起主导作用，环保的植物性肉类和奶类应运而生。但是这
96、样的一些创新产品却没得到政府和一些人的支持，对此，作者提出了自己的看法。【61题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的As food tech companies use science to unlock the potential of plant proteins, theyre producing increasingly better plant-based meats and milks that look and taste like the real thing, but with a much lower carbon footprint.(随着食品科技公司利用科学来开发植物蛋白的潜
97、力，他们生产的植物性肉类和牛奶越来越好，看起来和吃起来都像真的一样，而且碳足迹要低得多)可知，这种替代肉类的植物性食物是对环境有利的。A. They are environmentally friendly.(它们是环保的)符合以上说法，故选A项。【62题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段的If anything, consumers are choosing these plant-based products specifically because they think theyre better for them than the original products. And they ha
98、ve good reason to believe that plant-based milks and meats usually have less fat and more fiber than comparable animal-based foods. (消费者之所以选择这些植物性产品，是因为他们认为这些产品比原来的产品更适合他们。他们有充分的理由相信，植物性牛奶和肉类通常比类似的动物性食品含有更少的脂肪和更多的纤维)可知，消费者购买植物性产品是因为它们的脂肪更少，纤维更多，这对他们的身体有好处。C. buy the plant-based products for their gr
99、eat benefit to health(因为植物性产品对健康的好处而购买它们)符合以上说法，故选C项。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Could it have to do with the fact that the increasing popularity of these foods, which are more sustainable and better for you, is threatening the profits of their constituents?(这是否与这些更可持续、更有益健康的食品越来越受欢迎的事实有关，它们威胁到了他们的利润)可知，一些
100、人反对这些植物性产品的原因是它们威胁到了他们的利益。D. it poses a threat to their profits(它让他们的利益面临威胁)符合以上说法，故选D项。【64题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的its time for policy makers to stop trying to prevent innovation, and instead to celebrate all the ways science can save us, including with sustainable proteins that can and do produce new kind
101、s of meat.(对于政策制定者来说是时候停止试图阻止创新的行为，而是要庆祝所有可以拯救我们的科学的方法，包括那些可持续的可以生产新种类肉的蛋白质)可推测，作者对植物性的产品是支持的。A. Supportive.(支持的)符合以上说法，故选A项。DAs John George remembers it, the Detroit neighborhood he grew up in was straight out of Frank Capras Its a Wonderful Life. We knew all our neighbors, George, 60, told Detroit
102、s Metro Times. On Christmas Eve, wed all go to midnight Mass, and there would be 300 people in our house at one oclock to about five in the morning. The folks were just really good, hardworking people. By the 80s, however, the old neighborhood was more Pottersville than Bedford Falls. Due in part to
103、 economic downturns and a nationwide drug epidemic (泛滥), well-kept homes had been abandoned and kindly neighbors had fled to the suburbs. But not George. Living in any city, its like being in a relationship, he told Readers Digest. Some days are better than others. But it was my home. And when I saw
104、 it deteriorating, I had two choices: I could leave, or I could stay and fight. I decided to stay and fight. When the abandoned home behind his turned into a crack den, the father of two grabbed some plywood and nails and began boarding up the house. After two neighbors stopped to ask what he was do
105、ing, they decided to help, with great results. When the drug dealers came back, they turned around and went home, says George. Thats how it all got started. It is Detroit Blight Busters, or DBB, an organization of civic-minded volunteers devoted to reviving the city they love, one abandoned house, o
106、ne vacant lot, and one garbage-strewn park at a time.In the 30 years since that first home rescue, an army of approximately 182,000 volunteers, along with corporate and private donors, has helped George destroy around 300 abandoned homes, mostly in the poorer Northwest area of Detroit. Theyve also s
107、ecured 400-some homes by boarding them up, thus keeping bad actors out. Theyve painted and renovated nearly 900 homes and built over 100 from scratch. According to Forbes, more than 1,000 Detroiters have been housed as a result of DBBs work.Im half Lebanese, half Italian, and 100 percent Detroit stu
108、bborn, George told . Once we get something in our heart and in our head, its almost autopilot. But that was only the beginning. In 2003, George also breathed life into a dilapidated (破旧的) square mile of Detroit by turning it into Artist Village, an area now filled with galleries, a performance space
109、, community gardens, a coffee shop, and outdoor courtyards. Because this region of North Detroit was a food desert, George also persuaded a supermarket chain to move into the neighborhood.Blight is like a cancer: If you dont set upon it, it will spread, George told . And then theres Halloween. In De
110、troit, October 30 was ruefully known as Devils Night, a period when all hell would break loose in the form of crime and vandalism. In response, George created a citizens patrol (巡逻队) that would take to the streets, keeping an eye on suspicious behavior. He called it Angels Night. What began with 12
111、neighbors on patrol in 1990 has grown to more than 60,000 citywide.Georges inspired ideas have not gone unnoticed by the city he loves.John wants to show that there is still something to Detroit. That its still worth it, says real estate agent Robert LaBute. And others are buying into it.Were seeing
112、 the trend of younger homeowners coming in.Is George proud of having boosted his once-ailing hometown? Youd better believe he is. As he puts it: We are on the front porch of the greatest urban comeback story in this nations history. 65. Why was John George reluctant to leave Detroit?A. He wanted to
113、save his city.B. He enjoyed a wonderful life.C. He stayed to fight against drugs.D. He got along with his neighbors.66. What was the result of the first home rescue?A. An official organization was founded.B. A voluntary movement began with it.C. A better neighbor relationship was formed.D. The drug
114、dealers mended their ways at last.67. The data provided in Paragraph 5 suggest that _.A. many people have been lifted out of povertyB. many abandoned homes have been destroyedC. DBB has done a lot to bring the city back to lifeD. the number of the volunteers has been increasing68. What did John Geor
115、ge do to revive the city of Detroit ?A. He transformed the city into an industrial area.B. He created a citizens patrol to prevent crimes.C. He expanded investment in real estate business.D. He built a supermarket chain in the neighborhood.69. According to the passage, John George can be described a
116、s _.A. cautious and creativeB. stubborn and ambitiousC. proud and self-centeredD. strong-willed and inspiring70. Whats the best title for the passage?A. The Life of a HeroB. Detroits Proud TigerC. The Power of DevotionD. The Blooming of Detroit【答案】65. A 66. B 67. C 68. B 69. D 70. B【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。John
117、 George从小所生活的底特律市因为种种原因在八十年代变成了一个越来越糟的地方。为了拯救这座城市，John George做了很多事情，成为了这座城市的守护神。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的And when I saw it deteriorating, I had two choices: I could leave, or I could stay and fight. I decided to stay and fight.(当我看到它恶化时，我有两个选择：要么离开，要么选择留下来。我决定留下来战斗)可知，John George留下来是为了拯救Detroit这座城市。A. He
118、wanted to save his city.(他想拯救他的城市)符合以上说法，故选A项。【66题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的When the abandoned home behind his turned into a crack den, the father of two grabbed some plywood and nails and began boarding up the house. After two neighbors stopped to ask what he was doing, they decided to help, with great result
119、s.(当他身后的那栋废弃的房子变成了一个快要倒塌的小屋时，两个孩子的的父亲抓起一些胶合板和钉子开始给房子装上木板。两个邻居停下来问他在做什么，然后决定帮忙，结果很好)和Thats how it all got started.(事情就是这样开始的)可知，第一次和邻居一起拯救废弃的房子是一个志愿者组织的志愿活动的开端。B. A voluntary movement began with it.(志愿者活动始于它)符合以上说法，故选B项。【67题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的主要内容可知，作者列了很多DBB修复的房屋和其他建筑的数据。由此推测，作者用那么多数据为了说明因为DBB的工作Detroit
120、发生了很大的改变。C. DBB has done a lot to bring the city back to life(为了让这个城市恢复生机，DBB付出了很多)符合以上说法，故选C项。【68题详解】细节理解题。根据第八段的In response, George created a citizens patrol that would take to the streets, keeping an eye on suspicious behavior.(作为回应，乔治创建了一个公民巡逻队走上街头，密切关注可疑行为)可知，George建立市民巡逻队是为了密切注视可疑的形迹，从而有效阻止犯罪。
121、B. He created a citizens patrol to prevent crimes.(他创建了一个公民巡逻队来阻止犯罪)符合以上说法，故选B项。【69题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段的Im half Lebanese, half Italian, and 100 percent Detroit stubborn, George told . Once we get something in our heart and in our head, its almost autopilot. (“我一半是黎巴嫩人，一半是意大利人，百分之百的底特律人”乔治告诉.“一旦我们心中和脑海中有了
122、某种东西，它们就开始自动运行”)以及第九段的Georges inspired ideas have not gone unnoticed by the city he loves.(乔治的创意并没有被他所热爱的城市所忽略)可知，George是一个有毅力并能激励人心的人。D. strong-willed and inspiring(意志坚定且鼓舞人心的)符合以上说法，故选D项。【70题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容可知，尤其是最后一段的Is George proud of having boosted his once-ailing hometown? Youd better believe h
123、e is. As he puts it: We are on the front porch of the greatest urban comeback story in this nations history. (乔治为振兴了他一度萎靡不振的家乡而感到自豪吗？你最好相信他是。正如他所说：“我们正站在这个国家历史上最伟大的城市复兴故事的前沿。”)可知，本文主要讲述了John George如何去拯救Detroit这座城市，并且他为此感到很骄傲的故事。B. Detroits Proud Tiger(底特律骄傲的老虎)可以作为本文标题，故选B项。第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题；每小题1分，满
124、分10分)请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。Why Do Smart People Do Foolish Things?We all probably know someone who is intelligent but does surprisingly stupid things. What does it mean to be smart or intelligent? Our everyday use of the term is meant to describe some
125、one who is knowledgeable and makes wise decisions, but this definition is at odds with how intelligence is traditionally measured. The most widely known measure of intelligence is the intelligence quotient, more commonly known as the IQ test, which includes visuospatial puzzles, math problems, patte
126、rn recognition, vocabulary questions and visual searches.The advantages of being intelligent are undeniable. Intelligent people are more likely to get better grades and go farther in school. They are more likely to be successful at work. And they are less likely to get into trouble (for example, com
127、mit crimes) as adolescents.Given all the advantages of intelligence, though, you may be surprised to learn that it does not predict other life outcomes, such as well-being. You might imagine that doing well in school or at work might lead to greater life satisfaction, but several large-scale studies
128、 have failed to find evidence that IQ impacts life satisfaction or longevity (长寿). Most intelligence tests fail to assess the extent of rational thinking, such as real-world decision-making and our ability to interact well with others. This is, in other words, perhaps why “smart” people do “dumb” th
129、ings.The ability to think critically, on the other hand, has been associated with wellness and longevity. Though often confused with intelligence, critical thinking is not intelligence. Critical thinking is a collection of cognitive (认知的) skills that allow us to think rationally (理性地) in a goal-orie
130、ntated fashion and a disposition to use those skills when appropriate. Critical thinkers have self-confidence in their own abilities to reason. They possess great flexibility in requiring evidence to support their beliefs. Critical thinking means overcoming all kinds of cognitive biases (偏见).Critica
131、l thinking predicts a wide range of life events. Researchers have found that critical thinkers experience fewer negative life events such as academic (“I forgot about an exam”), health (“I received HIV through unprotected sex”), legal (“I was arrested for driving under the influence”), interpersonal
132、 (“I cheated on my partner for more than a year”), financial (“I have over $5,000 of credit-card debt”), and so on.Intelligence and improving intelligence are hot topics that receive a lot of attention. It is time for critical thinking to receive a little more of that attention. Reasoning and ration
133、ality more closely resemble what we mean when we say a person is smart rather than spatial skills and math ability. Furthermore, improving intelligence is difficult. Intelligence is largely determined by genetics. Critical thinking, though, can improve with training, and the benefits have been shown
134、 to continue over time. Anyone can improve their critical thinking skills. Doing so, we can say with certainty, is a smart thing to do.Why Do Smart People Do Foolish Things?IntroductionThe defining term of intelligence in daily life _71_largely from how it is traditionally measured.The advantages of
135、 intelligenceIntelligent people may have better academic and job _72_Intelligence may predict less trouble during adolescence._73_ for smart people doing foolish thingsIntelligent people dont _74_ enjoy greater life satisfaction or longevity.What most intelligence tests _75_ are rational thinking sk
136、ills like decision-making.The importance of critical thinkingCritical thinkers are more likely to be _76_ in life and live longer.Critical thinkers are rational, self-confident, _77_ and open-minded.Critical thinking is believed to be _78_ with fewer negative life events.ConclusionWe should _79_ mor
137、e on critical thinking than on intelligence, as intelligence is something, to a large extent, that one is _80_ with while critical thinking can be trained and improved.【答案】71. differs 72. performance 73. Reasons 74. necessarily 75. miss/lack 76. happier 77. flexible 78. associated/ linked/ connected
138、/ concerned 79. focus 80. born【解析】本文是一篇议论文。智力更多的是与生俱来的，但是批判性思维后天是可以培养和提高的，因此，一些看上去很聪明的人在生活中也会做蠢事。【71题详解】根据第一段中的Our everyday use of the term is meant to describe someone who is knowledgeable and makes wise decisions, but this definition is at odds with how intelligence is traditionally measured.(我们对这
139、个词的日常使用是用来描述那些知识渊博、做出明智决定的人，但这个定义与传统上衡量智力的方式不一致)可知，日常生活中对智力的定义与传统的衡量方式有很大的不同。此处做谓语动词，且句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语是单数概念，谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。故填differs。【72题详解】根据第二段中的Intelligent people are more likely to get better grades and go farther in school. They are more likely to be successful at work.(聪明的人更有可能取得更好的成绩，在
140、学业上更出色。他们更有可能在工作上取得成功)，可知，聪明的人可能有更好的学术和工作表现。名词performance“表现”。故填performance。【73题详解】根据表格右侧内容可知，此处指聪明人做傻事的一些原因。应使用可数名词reason“原因”的复数形式，首字母大写。故填Reasons。【74题详解】根据第三段中的You might imagine that doing well in school or at work might lead to greater life satisfaction, but several large-scale studies have faile
141、d to find evidence that IQ impacts life satisfaction or longevity (长寿).(你可能会认为，在学校或工作中表现好可能会带来更大的生活满意度，但一些大规模的研究并没有发现智商影响生活满意度或寿命的证据)可推知，聪明的人不一定对生活更满意或更长寿。此处使用副词necessarily“一定，必要地，必定地”修饰动词enjoy。故填necessarily。【75题详解】根据第三段中的Most intelligence tests fail to assess the extent of rational thinking, such a
142、s real-world decision-making and our ability to interact well with others.(大多数智力测试都无法评估理性思维的程度，比如现实生活中的决策和我们与他人良好互动的能力)可知，大多数智力测试缺乏的是像决策这样的理性思考技能。此处使用动词miss/lack“错过/缺乏”，句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语是复数概念，谓语动词应使用原形。故填miss/lack。【76题详解】根据第四段中的The ability to think critically, on the other hand, has been associ
143、ated with wellness and longevity. (另一方面，批判性思维的能力与健康和长寿有关)及空后and live longer可知，此处使用形容词比较级，意为“批判的思考者更有可能生活得更快乐，活得更久”。故填happier。【77题详解】根据第四段中的They possess great flexibility in requiring evidence to support their beliefs.(他们在要求证据来支持他们的信念方面有很大的灵活性)可知，批判性思考者理性、自信、灵活、思想开放。此处使用形容词flexible“灵活的”。故填flexible。【7
144、8题详解】根据第五段中的Researchers have found that critical thinkers experience fewer negative life events(研究人员发现，批判性思考者很少经历负面的生活事件)可知，批判性思维被认为与较少的负面生活事件有关。be associated/ linked/ connected/ concerned with“与有关系”。故填associated/ linked/ connected/ concerned。【79题详解】根据最后一段中的It is time for critical thinking to receiv
145、e a little more of that attention.(现在是时候让批判性思维得到更多的关注了)可知，我们应该更多地关注批判性思维而不是智力。此处是短语：focus on“关注”，should后用动词原形。故填focus。【80题详解】根据最后一段Intelligence is largely determined by genetics.(智力在很大程度上由基因决定)可知，智力在很大程度上是与生俱来的。此处是短语：be born with“天生具有，与生俱来”。故填born。第五部分 书面表达 (满分25分)81.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Int
146、ernational Museum Day falls on May 18. The debate over whether museums should be free is a big one right now. Some people share their opinions.Li JiangI think art exhibits should be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museums should host a fund-raising event to help pay for the
147、 cost of upkeep.They do it all the time. Wealthy buyers pay $100 for a plate and the proceeds are given to the museum. If you decide you want to buy the art, the proceeds should go to the artist, with a fee going to the museum.Su HuaFree entrance does not attract people, nor does it encourage them t
148、o appreciate it.Sure, there are exceptions to this, but by and large human beings tend to look up to things that are difficult or costly to access.A better option is to charge fees for regular visitors but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students and others who are likely to apprec
149、iate the reward.【写作内容】1. 用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；2. 你认为博物馆应该免费吗？请说明理由 (不少于两点)。【写作要求】1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】Li Jiang and Su Hua hold different opinions on whether museums should be free for the public. Li believes that museums shouldnt charge visitors
150、 for admission while Su thinks otherwise.On a personal note, museums should be available to all visitors for free. First and foremost, museums house many precious artworks, antiques and relics, and free access will attract more lovers to explore their history and culture, which may add to a feeling
151、of national identity. Besides, given that museums are always a crucial source of inspiration and education, free access is a rewarding investment in the future and is of great benefit to securing prosperity of the whole society. Whats more, free access can also boost the number of visitors, thus exp
152、anding cultural power to its fullest.In conclusion, to help build up national pride and promote cultural confidence, museums should be open for free to provide more cultural and educational opportunities.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读写任务。本篇要求考生先用30词左右总结所给文章，再就博物馆是否应该免费表达自己的观点，并陈述理由。【详解】总结全文通读全文可知，文章是关于两个人对博物馆是否应该免费的
153、看法。可总结为：两人对博物馆是否应该免费持不同观点。李江认为博物馆不应该向游客收取费用，而苏华的观点恰好相反。总结时注意时态和字数。就该问题发表自己的观点，并陈述原因。表明自己的观点：认为博物馆应该对游客免费开放原因（至少两点）：博物馆有大量珍贵的艺术品、古董等，如果免费开放，可以让更多爱好者前来参观，提高他们的民族自豪感；博物馆可以陶冶人们的情操，从根源上解决社会公共财产的安全问题；免费开放可以吸引更多的游客，这样可以将博物馆的文化教育功能最大化。【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：Li Jian
154、g and Su Hua hold different opinions on whether museums should be free for the public.中whether引导宾语从句；First and foremost, museums house many precious artworks, antiques and relics, and free access will attract more lovers to explore their history and culture, which may add to a feeling of national identity.中which引导非限制性定语从句。
