1、Section Grammar复习主语和动词1(教材P2)Covering about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world.2(教材P2)Antarctica holds (hold) 90% of the worlds ice, and most of its fresh water (70%) is (be) in a frozen state, of course.3(教材P2)98% of the surface is cov
2、ered (cover) permanently in the ice cap.4(教材P2)It is difficult to imagine (imagine) a more inhospitable place.5(教材P5)Protecting (protect) Antarctica from nuclear tests and radioactive waste is (be) very important to this continent.6(教材P5)What the treaty aims to do is (be) to prevent the commercial a
3、nd military use of the continent.7(教材P7)But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped (trap) in the ice and began to break up.8(教材P7)Shackleton and his men watched the Endurance sink (sink) into the icy sea.主语主语是句子动作的发出者， 是句子叙述的主体， 是句子所要说明的人或事物， 表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”。 主语可由名词 (短语)、代词、the形容词、
4、数词、不定式 (短语)、动名词 (短语)、从句等充当，通常位于谓语动词前。 (安徽卷)You can ask anyone for help. Everyone here is willing to lend you a hand(代词)你可以向任何一个人求助，这里的每一个人都愿意帮助你。 (湖南卷)Understanding your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions(动名词)理解你自己的需要和交流风格与学会表达你的喜爱
5、和情感一样重要。 (2016北京卷)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust(名词)雨季最令人愉快的事是人们可以完全摆脱灰尘。Two thirds of these posts are open to fresh college graduates(数词)这些岗位中， 三分之二是向大学应届毕业生开放的。The wounded were taken to the hospital immediately(the形容词)伤员被立刻送往医院。To go to bed e
6、arly and to rise early is a good habit(不定式)早睡早起是个好习惯。Whether the work can be completed on time is still unknown(从句)还不知道工作能否按时完成。(1)当不定式短语或从句作主语时， 常用it作形式主语， 而把不定式短语或从句置于句末；在“It is no good/usedoing.”句型中用动名词短语作主语。Its no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。(2)非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语，谓语动词一般用单数。动词动词是表示人或事物的动作或状态。动词具有
7、数、时态和语态的变化。1动词的分类根据动词本身的用法，可以把动词分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。(1)在英语中大多数动词既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，完全是不及物动词的动词很少。常见的不及物动词：apologize，appear，arrive，come，go，run，walk，die，fall等。(2)延续性动词后面通常接表示一段时间的时间状语，如“for一段时间”和“since过去的时间点”；非延续性动词通常与表示时间点的时间状语连用，若用于否定句，也可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。2动词的时态一般时态进行时态完成时态完成进行时态现在(1)am/is/are表语(2)动词原形/
8、第三人称单数am/is/aredoinghas/havedonehas/havebeendoing过去(1)was/were表语(2)动词过去式was/weredoinghad donehadbeendoing将来shall/will动词原形shall/willbe doingwill have done过去将来would动词原形would be doingwould have done (2016北京卷)Jack was working in the lab when the power cut occurred.突然断电时，杰克正在实验室里工作。 (2016江苏卷)He has alrea
9、dy received three similar invitations this week.本周他已经收到了三个相似的邀请。3动词各种时态的被动语态现在过去将来过去将来一般时态am/is/aredonewas/weredone will be donewould bedone进行时态am/is/arebeing donewas/were being done 完成时态has/have been donehad been done will have been donewould havebeen done (安徽卷)It is reported that a space station w
10、ill be built on the moon in years to come.据报道，人们在接下来的几年里将在月球上建一个空间站。 (天津卷)In the last few years thousands of films have been produced all over the world.在过去的几年里，全世界拍摄了成千上万的电影。 单句语法填空1(2018全国卷)Running (run) is cheap, easy and its always energetic.2(2017江苏卷)He hurried home, never once looking back to
11、see if he was being followed (follow)3(2017天津卷)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, is regarded (regard) as one of the best allround forms of exercise.4(湖南卷)All we need is (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the
12、year.5(江西卷) It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth.6(浙江卷)No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when its better to remain (remain) silent.7(2019长春外国语高二期中)Christmas is the most important festival in the western world. It falls (fall) on December
13、 25.8To teach (teach) the three children is my job this afternoon, which I have been preparing for for three days.9Onethird of the country is covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are black people(be)10Toms entering (enter) the classroom without permission made the teacher very angry.
14、单句改错1(2017北京卷)In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and wireless phones hadnt invented yet.在invented前加been2Generally, the young is more active than the old in such work.isare3Keep on studying late into the night is not a good way, which we should not follow.KeepKeeping4T
15、hat struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son.ThatWhat5He received a set of Chinese vases consists of sixty pieces.consistsconsisting 语法与写作1Seen from the plane (从飞机上看), the Antarctic looks very beautiful (看起来非常美丽)2Reading English aloud (大声朗读英文) in the morning will do you a lot of good.3It is no use worrying about what might happen in the future (担心未来可能发生的事情)4It is a pity that (真是遗憾) you didnt go to the birthday party yesterday.5What surprised me most (最使我感到惊讶的)was that the little girl could play the violin so well.
