1、Section Introduction & Reading and VocabularyLanguage Points attackvt.袭击；攻击；(疾病)侵袭n攻击；袭击；疾病发作(教材P51)It often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it. 它常常会生气并攻击任何靠近它的人。(1)attack sb.with sth.用某物攻击某人(2)launch/make an attack on/upon. 对发动进攻under attack 受到攻击(3)a heart attack 心脏病发作一词多义写出下列句中
2、attack的含义(江西卷)Of course, they should not feed them in a close distance because the wild animals may attack people.攻击(2016四川卷)In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.疾病的发作(2016北京卷)That night, Hurricane Sandy attacked the East Coast, and Rockaway was hit
3、 especially hard.袭击即学即练单句语法填空Some naughty children often attack the passersby with stones on the road.(江苏卷)When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back.The general commanded that the soldiers (should) make an attack on/upon the enemy. existvi.存在；生存(教材P51)something that continues to
4、exist after death在死后能继续存在的某些东西(1)exist inlie in存在于exist onlive on 靠生存There exist(s) . 有/存在(2)existence n. 存在；生活，生活方式come into existence 出现；产生 Nothing exists on the moon as there is no water and no air.月球上没有东西生存，因为那里没有水和空气。Scientists made efforts to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars.科
5、学家们想努力弄清火星上是否存在生命。即学即练单句语法填空a.You cant imagine what difficulty they have existing on the little money hes earning.bDo you believe in ghosts? Perhaps they only exist in the minds of some people.The parking place for bikes was an existing(exist)problem for a long time in our school.(浙江卷)The developmen
6、t of industry has been a gradual process throughout human existence(exist)，from stone tools to modern technology.链接写作完成句子众所周知，青年人和老年人之间存在着代沟。As is known to us, there_exists a generation gap between the young and the old.关于宇宙的起源，科学家有许多种理论。Scientists have many theories about how the universe came_into
7、_existence/came_into_beingexist是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态和进行时中。 claimn要求；主张，声称vt.声称；主张；要求；索赔(教材P52)Although no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature，Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse.尽管没有人真正看清楚过这个神秘生物的面目，但当地一位摄影师薛俊林声称，它的头看起来像马头。(1)claim to do sth.声称/主张做某
8、事claim to have done sth. 声称做了某事claim that. 声称(2)It is claimed that. 有人主张；据说(湖南卷)So far nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library.迄今为止，还没有人来认领在图书馆发现的那些钱。He claimed that he could finish the work without any help.他声称不需要任何帮助他就可以完成这项工作。即学即练单句语法填空(2019北京四中期末)Dont be taken in by products claim
9、ing(claim) to help you lose weight in a week.a.They claim to_provide(provide) the best service in the business.b(朗文辞典)Doctors claimed to_have_discovered(discover) a cure for the disease.链接写作完成句子据说幽默不仅影响病人的情绪，而且还有助于病人快速康复。It_is_claimed_that humor not only affects patients moods, but also helps them r
10、ecover faster. calmadj.平静的；镇静的vt.使平静；使镇定n平静；无风(教材P52)Mr Li Xiaohe said that he and his family were able to see the monster clearly because the weather was fine and the lake was calm.李小和先生说他和他的家人都清楚地看见了怪物，因为当时天气好，湖水平静。(1)keep/stay calm保持镇静(2)calm down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来 After a storm comes a calm.谚语否极泰来
11、。In the event of an emergency, please remain calm and walk to the nearest exit.如果发生紧急事件，请保持镇静并走到最近的出口。They did what they could to calm her.他们尽力使她平静下来。链接写作完成句子(湖北卷)每个医生都不得不尽全力使每个来做手术的病人平静下来。Every doctor has had to try their best to calm_down patients whove come into their surgery.(天津卷)如果在深山里迷路了，面对黑暗、
12、孤独和未知的情况，要保持镇静。If you are lost in the mountains, stay/keep_calm in the face of darkness, loneliness, and the unknown.calm“平静的；镇静的”，常指风平浪静或人的情绪平静、镇静quiet“宁静的；安静的”，指没有声音、不吵闹或心里无烦恼still“静止的；不动的”，指人或物体静止不动silent“寂静的，沉默的”，指不说话或没有声音巧学活用选用上述词汇完成小片段When facing danger，one should keep calm；when taken photos,
13、one should keep still；when someone else is asleep，one should keep quiet；when in class, one shouldnt keep silent about the teachers questions. unlikelyadj.不可能的(教材P52)They say that the lowtemperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.他们说，温度低的湖泊中不可能存活体形如此巨大的生物。(1)likely
14、 adj.可能的，可信的sb./sth.is (un)likely to do sth. (不)可能做(2)It is (un)likely that. (不)可能 I met him at the most unlikely place.我在最意想不到的地方遇到了他。She gave me an unlikely explanation for her behaviour.她对自己行为的解释很难令我信服。即学即练单句语法填空(山东卷)Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance(毅力) is unlikely to_make(make) a
15、 good researcher.a.He is likely to_succeed (succeed) if he works like this.bIt is likely that he will succeed if he works like this.链接写作一句多译因为生病，他不可能出席会议。He_is_unlikely_to_attend_the_meeting because of his illness.It_is_unlikely_that_he_will_attend_the_meeting because of his illness. covervt.覆盖；读完；占
16、地(多大面积)；走过(路程)；报道；包含；够支付n(书的)封面；盖子(教材P52)It is 2，189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres.它的海拔是2 189米，面积约10平方千米。(1)cover.with.用盖住be covered(2)cover an area of. 占地面积为 一词多义写出下列句中cover的含义The book whose cover is broken must be published long ago.封面He will be sent to Japan to cov
17、er the 2020 Olympic Games.报道(福建卷)To cover the cost of hiring a bus，each student will have to pay $10 each time.支付Some students are studying a new course called Life Guidance, which covers possible reallife problems.包含，涉及According to the timetable, the airplane will cover the distance from Beijing to
18、 Shanghai in an hour and a half.行走(一段路程)In 1920, about half the USA was covered with forests.覆盖链接写作完成句子/句式升级(普通表达)The city covers_an_area_of(占地面积为)7，400 square kilometres, and this city has a population of about ten million.(高级表达)Covering_a_total_area_of 7，400 square kilometres, this city has a popu
19、lation of about ten million.(现在分词短语作状语)动词不定式的完成式(教材P52)He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.他声称看见一个圆形、黑色的生物在湖面快速游过。句中to have seen是动词不定式的完成式作claim的宾语，表示“看见”这个动作发生在谓语动词claim这个动作之前。不定式的时态有三种：(1)一般式：to do，表示与主句谓语动词同一时间发生或动作发生在主句谓语动词之后；(2)进行式：to be doing，表示与主句谓语动
20、词同一时间发生，并且动作正在进行；(3)完成式：to have done，表示发生在主句谓语动词之前。He seems to have caught a cold.他似乎感冒了。I am sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.很抱歉让你等了这么久。即学即练单句语法填空(福建卷)To learn more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to_take(take) Chinese folk music as an elective course.(陕西卷)Marco Polo is
21、said to_have_sailed(sail) on the Pacific Ocean on his way to Java in the thirteenth century.The boy pretended to_be_concentrating(concentrate) on his lesson, but in fact his mind was wandering.链接写作完成句子(2016全国卷)我非常抱歉，给你带来这么多不便。Im terribly sorry to_have_caused so much inconvenience to you. 品句填词1On his
22、 way home, he was attacked(攻击) and seriously injured by two strangers.2They claimed(声称) the noise from the new airport disturbed their lives.3He told us the news seriously, so we were not sceptical(怀疑的) about what he said.4The speed of the car was frightening(令人恐惧的) and that was the cause of the car
23、 accident.5Egypt, as the birthplace of ancient civilization, is a mysterious(神秘的) land.6Two thirds of the surface(表面) of the earth is covered by water.7When the weather is fine and the lake is calm(平静的), we may go boating together.8They are unlikely(不可能的) to come since the weather is so bad. 单句改错1Se
24、veral fishermen are said to have attacked by sharks while fishing last month.have后加been2Trade connections were existed between the two countries before the war.去掉were3He can always keep calmly, whatever happens.calmlycalm4There is unlikely to rain today, for there is not a single cloud in the sky.Be
25、lieve it or not, the weather forecast says so.ThereIt5Mount Tai, which covers a area of 426 square kilometres，is the first of Chinas Five Mountains.aan 课文语法填空Lake Tianchi, 1.located(locate) in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province is the 2.highest(high) volcanic lake in the world. There 3.have_be
26、en(be) reports of monsters in it since the beginning of the last century.Meng Fanying, 4.the director of a local tourist office, said that the monster seemed to be black in colour, and jumped out of the water like a seal.Xue Junlin, a local photographer, claimed that its head 5.looked(look) like a h
27、orse, though no one really got a clear look at the 6.mysterious(mystery) creature. A soldier said the monster was greenishblack and had a round head with 10centimetre horns.Li Xiaohe, 7.who was visiting the lake with his family, claimed 8.to_have_seen(see) a round black creature moving quickly throu
28、gh the water.Many people believe its 9.existence(exist). However, scientists are sceptical 10.about this. 单句语法填空1When I left, he seemed to_be_sleeping(sleep) so I didnt say anything.2When he was walking home from the office that night, he was_attacked(attack) by several robbers.3(2019 山东潍坊一中期末)It is
29、 said that this is the only copy of the book in existence(exist)4He is seriously ill so that he is unlikely to_attend(attend) the party today.5In the past few years there have_been(be) great changes in my hometown.6. “The new film Avengers: Infinity War was exciting，” said Tom, “and we hope to see a
30、 second time.”7Many people claim to_have_seen(see) Bigfoot but they do not agree on what he or she looks like.8With no one to turn to in such a frightening(frighten) situation, she felt very helpless.9The police found that it was difficult to calm down the angry crowd.10(2016北京卷)Norton Sound was_cov
31、ered(cover) with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. 阅读理解AA group of Chinese scientists and explorers are looking for international help to organize a new search for the countrys answer to Bigfoot, known locally as the “Yeren”， or “wild man”Over the years, more than 400 people have
32、said they saw the halfman, halfape(半猿) Yeren in a remote, mountainous area of the central province of Hubei, state news agency Xinhua said on Saturday.Expeditions in the 1970s and 1980s found hair, a footprint, and a sleeping nest suspected of belonging to the Yeren, but there has been no conclusive
33、 proof, the report added.Witnesses described a creature that walks upright and is more than 2 metres tall with grey, red or black hair all over its body, Xinhua said.Now the Hubei Wild Man Research Association is looking for volunteers from around the world to join them on another expedition to look
34、 for the Yeren.“We want the team members to be devoted, as there will be a lot of hard work in the process，”Luo Baosheng, vice president of the group, told Xinhua.But the team will have to come up with about 10 million yuan($ 1.50 million) first, and is talking to companies and other bodies to secur
35、e the money, so there is no timetable yet for when they may start, the report added.China is no stranger to cryptozoology. There are many tales about mysterious, monsterlike creatures in remote parts of the country. For example, Tibetans have long talked about the existence of the Yeti(喜马拉雅雪人), or“A
36、bominable Snowman”， in the high mountains of their snowy homeland.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。多年来， 超过400人说他们在中国湖北的边远地区见到过野人的踪迹， 这些野人半猿半人。中国一组科学家、研究人员为此寻求国际帮助， 希望组建一个新的调查小组来调查这些野人的真实身份。1The timetable for starting the trip depends on_Athe number of explorersBgovernments supportCthe financeDlocal peoples guidingC解
37、析：细节理解题。根据文章第七段可知只有收集到足够的资金他们才能展开这项调查，故选C。2According to the text, the underlined word“cryptozoology” in the last paragraph probably refers to _Athe study of mysterious animalsBthe study of human beingsCdangerous expeditionsDtourism industryA解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的There are many tales about mysterious, mon
38、sterlike creatures in remote parts of the country.可知是对神秘动物的调查， 故选A。3What would be the best title for this text? AVolunteers for an Expedition NeededBScientists to Look for Chinas BigfootCInternational Cooperation in Finding Wild ManDYeren Appeared in Hubei AgainB解析：标题归纳题。根据文章第一段中的A group of Chinese
39、scientists and explorers are looking for international help to organize a new search for the countrys answer to Bigfoot可知文章讲述的是一篇中国科学家要去找野人踪迹的新闻报道，故选B。BHoney(蜂蜜) from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However,
40、 the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees nest(巢) and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helpera little bird called hon
41、ey guide.The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax(蜂蜡) in the beehives(蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the a
42、ttention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the_follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird pati
43、ently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a lon
44、g distance away.They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普短文，主要介绍了蜂蜜向导鸟如何引导人类和动物发现好吃的蜂蜜，且各取所需：蜂蜜向导鸟得到蜂蜡，而人类和动物得到蜂蜜。4Why is it difficult to find a wild bees nest? AIts small in size.BIt
45、s hidden in trees.CIts covered with wax.DIts hard to recognize.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段第四句Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them.可知，由于蜂房高居树上并且隐藏在树丛中，所以它们不容易被发现，因此B项正确。5What do the words “the follower” in Paragraph 2 refer to? AA bee.BA bird.CA honey seeker. DA beekeeper.C
46、解析：词义猜测题。对于画线部分的前一个句子Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest.该句中them指the curious animal or person, 所以，下句中的the follower也指的是the curious animal or person，即“寻找蜂蜜者”，所以C项正确。6The honey guide is special
47、 in the way_Ait gets its foodBit goes to churchCit sings in the forestDit reaches into bees nestsA解析：推理判断题。根据文章的描述，蜂蜜向导鸟寻找蜂蜜是通过吸引人或动物来帮助它们得到自己需要的蜂蜡，对于动物来讲，它们懂得利用外力来达到自己的目的，这种方式是很特别的。蜂蜜向导鸟通过这种方式找到自己的食物，所以A项是正确的。7What can be the best title for the text? AWild Bees BWax and HoneyCBeekeeping in Africa D
48、HoneyLovers HelperD解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了蜂蜜向导鸟用自己的独特方式找到食物的过程，并且帮助人类和动物获得蜂蜜，所以对于人类和动物来讲，它是有益的帮助者，所以D项(蜂蜜爱好者的帮助者)意义正确。A项意为“野生蜜蜂”；B项意为“蜂蜡和蜂蜜”；C项意为“在非洲养蜂”，三者均不能表达出文章的主旨。 七选五It is easy for some people to learn a second language.However, others have difficulty in learning a new language.What can you do to help
49、 yourself learn a second language, such as English？1._Feel positive about learning English.2._ Be patient.You do not have to understand everything all at once.It is natural to make mistakes when you learn something new.We can learn from our mistakes.In other words, do not worry about taking risks.Pr
50、actice your English. For example, write a diary every day.You will form a habit of writing it in English, and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English.3._ In addition, you must speak English every day.You can practice with your classmates outside class.You will all make mistakes, b
51、ut gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.4_You can write this in your journal.After each class, think about what you did.Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult, but you tried to understand it.
52、You must be positive about learning English and believe that you can do it.It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achievements.5._AGo over the points you have learned.BKeep a record of your language learning.CDont give up when you meet some difficulties.DIf you believe that
53、you can learn, you will learn.ESeveral weeks later, you will see that your writing is improving.FYou will enjoy learning English, and you will feel more confident in yourself.GThere are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何学习第二语言。1G解析：本段提
54、了学习第二语言的困难，而下文是几条途径，故选G项。引起下文，属于纲领性的话语，注意其出现位置以及所表达的语言，会有很强的提示性。2D解析：本段第一句话提到对学习英语要有积极性，下文提到耐心，不怕犯错，都是给自己加油的，故选 D项。如果你相信自己能学会，就能做到。3E解析：这一段在讲练习你的英语，每天写日记，所以应该坚持，此外还要每天说，无不体现出坚持的意味，而E项每天写日记后，你会发现你的写作会有所提高，故E项正确。4B解析：下文是你每天写日记，用心思考。而B项是记录你每天的英语学习，与You can write this in your journal.是相呼应的。故选 B项。与最后一段make a record of your achievements能前后印证。5F解析：最后一段说你学习英语要有自信，每天锻炼，记录你的成就。最后应该是总结性的话语，提到这些方法，你就会喜欢学习英语，进而产生更大的自信，故选F项。
