1、Section GrammarModule 1 Europe栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态&主谓一致1(教材 P2)It is one of the most beautiful cities in the world and _(visit)by more than eight million tourists every year.2(教材 P2)About twothirds of Frances artists and writers _(live)in Paris.is visitedlive栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Modu
2、le 1 Europe3(教材 P2)One of Barcelonas most famous landmarks is the Church of the Sagrada Familia,which _(design)by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.4(教材 P2)Gaudi worked on the project from 1882 until his death in 1926.The church _(not finish)yet!5(教材 P2)Many of Florences most beautiful paintings and
3、 sculptures _(produce)by great artists such as Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo.was designedhasnt been finishedwere produced栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe6(教材 P2)Florence _(visit)each year by about a million tourists who _(come)to see the art galleries,churches and museums.7(教材 P2)Buildings such as
4、the Parthenon on the Acropolis Hill _(build)during this period.is visitedcomewere built栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe1构成一般现在时的被动语态的构成：is/am/are过去分词一般过去时的被动语态的构成：was/were过去分词一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(2017全国卷)When fat and salt are removed from food,the food tastes as if it is missing
5、something.当脂肪和盐从食物中被除去时，食物的味道就好像失去了什么东西一样。My computer was repaired by the storekeeper yesterday.昨天我的电脑被店主修理过了。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe2用法(1)需要强调动作的承受者时，此时可以用“by动作执行者”指出动作的执行者。(北京卷)Did you enjoy the party?你喜欢这个派对吗？Yes.We were treated well by our hosts.是的。主人把我们招待得很好。(2)不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者。A wid
6、e range of clothes are sold in that shop.那家商店出售各种衣服。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe3主动形式表示被动意义(1)连系动词(如 look,sound,smell,feel,taste,remain 等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。The food tastes delicious.这种食物尝起来美味可口。What he said at the meeting sounded encouraging.他在会上说的话听起来令人备受鼓舞。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(2)当 wash,w
7、rite,sell,open,close,shut,lock 等不及物动词后加副词(有些可不加副词)且表示主语的某种属性时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.这种布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.父亲给我的作为生日礼物的钢笔写起来很流畅。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(1)不及物动词(短语)无被动语态。常见的不及物动词(短语)有appear,die,disappear,
8、happen,last,lie,sit,stand,break out,come true,fall asleep,keep silent,lose heart,take place 等。(2)有些及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态：have 有，cost 花费，own 拥有，belong to 属于，date from/back to 追溯到，take part in 参加。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与其主语在数上必须保持一致。英语中的主谓一致主要遵循：意义一致、语法一致和就近一致三个原则。1意义一致这一原则是指从意义着眼来解决主谓一致问
9、题。主语所表达的单复数概念并不总是根据主语的形式，有时要根据它所表达的意义来确定。主谓一致栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(1)集合名词(family,team,class 等)作主语时，若视为整体，谓语动词用单数形式；若视为个体，谓语动词则用复数形式。His family is going out.他们全家要外出。His family are all music lovers.他们全家都是音乐爱好者。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(1)集合名词 people,police,cattle 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。(2)trousers,
10、glasses,clothes,shoes 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但如果这些词前有 a(the)pair of 等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(2)从句、动词不定式或动名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；what 引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要视表语而定。(2018 北 京 卷)Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.沿着古老的“丝绸之路”旅行是一次有趣且有意义的经历。To learn English we
11、ll is difficult.学好英语是困难的。What he is faced with is a new project.他所面对的是一项新的课题。What we need are more volunteers.我们所需要的是更多的志愿者。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(3)表示时间、距离、金钱、重量等复数名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Three months has passed since I came to the school.自从我来到这所学校已经过去三个月了。Fifty dollars was a large sum of money for m
12、e at that time.那时 50 美金对我来说是一大笔钱。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(4)and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数形式；但如果 and 所连接的两个单数名词指的是同一个人、同一件事或表示整体概念，则谓语动词用单数形式。A singer and dancer is present at the party today.一位歌舞演员出席了今天的派对。A singer and a dancer are present at the party today.一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家出席了今天的派对。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module
13、 1 Europe(5)当主语是“most/some/half/the rest/分数/百分数of名词”时，如果 of 后面的名词表示单数概念或为不可数名词，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果 of 后面的名词表示复数概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。Most of his time is spent on study.他的大部分时间都用在了学习上。Twenty percent of the workers here are women.这里百分之二十的工人是女性。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(6)“the形容词/过去分词”表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The old a
14、re well taken care of in our city.老年人在我们城市被照顾得很好。The wounded were saved by the villagers at last.最后，这些伤员被村民们救了。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe2语法一致语法一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。(1)either,neither,each,every或no单数名词和由some,any,no,every 构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。We went to see a couple of houses,but neither was su
15、itable.我们去看了几处房子，但都不合适。Is there anything wrong with your bike?你的自行车有什么毛病吗？栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(2)主语后接 with,along with,rather than,but,except,besides,including,together with,as well as 等短语时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。Tom,along with his friends,goes skating every Saturday.每个星期六，汤姆都和他的朋友们一起去滑冰。The teacher a
16、s well as the students likes the painting.老师和学生都喜欢这幅画。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(3)当主语是由 and,both.and.连接的并列结构时，谓语动词用复数；但由 and 连接的并列主语前面分别有 every,each,no 等修饰时，谓语动词用单数。In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.在我国，男孩和女孩都有受教育的权利。“many a(n)/more than one单数可数名词”作主语时，尽管意
17、义上是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe3就近一致就近一致就是谓语动词在人称和数上与最近的主语保持一致。(1)neither.nor.,either.or.;not only.but also.,not.but.,whether.or.或 or 连接并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。Neither you nor he was allowed to go out at night.你和他都不被允许晚上出去。Is either she or you going to Beijing?是她还是你要去北京？Not only the students
18、 but also the teacher wants to go climbing.学生和老师都想去爬山。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe(2)there,here 引导的句子其主语是一系列事物时，遵循就近一致原则。There are two books,a pen and many pencils on the desk.桌上有两本书，一支钢笔和许多铅笔。Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.给你一支钢笔和几张纸。栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe 单句语法填空1I need ten mo
19、re minutes before my work _(finish)2We each _(have)a different point of view.Each of us _(have)got something to say.3The father as well as his children _(go)skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.4(湖南卷)One-third of the country _(cover)with trees and the majority of the citizens
20、 _(be)black people.is finishedhavehasgoesis coveredare栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe5a.Neither you nor your brother _(be)interested in swimming.b_(be)neither you nor your brother interested in swimming?6The water _(feel)cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.7Shall I wait here for three
21、 hours?Yes.Three hours _(be)not long enough for you to wait for such a doctor.isArefeltis栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe8English _(use)all over the world and has become a universal language.9(2019 甘肃天水一中高一月考)Either you or one of your students _(be)to attend the meeting that _(hold)tomorrow.10Did you go
22、 to the show last night?Yes.Every boy and every girl in the area _(invite)is usediswill be heldwas invited栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe 单句改错1The music that I heard last night was sounded beautiful._ 2The cattle eats grass on the side of the hill every day._ 3(湖南卷)Listening to loud music at rock conce
23、rts have caused hearing loss in some teenagers._4His family are very big and all of his family are fond of sports._ 5Not only Mr.Brown but also his two sons is going to attend the TV program._去掉waseatseathavehas第一个areisisare栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe 语法与写作1约翰和安都对英语感兴趣。Both John and Ann _2.养成一个好的习惯
24、是很重要的。_ of great importance.3下周，不仅约翰而且我也要去上海。Not only John but also I _ next week.are interested in EnglishForming/Developing a good habit isam going to Shanghai栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe4汤姆连同班里的其他同学都喜欢游泳。Tom,as well as the other students in his class,_5对于我来说，完成这项工作两天是不够的，我还需要一天。_ the work.I need a third day.likes swimmingTwo days isnt enough for me to finish栏目导引语法精讲专项突破 Module 1 Europe本部分内容讲解结束 按ESC键退出全屏播放
