1、Unit 2 Working the landSection Grammar&Writing 动词ing形式作主语和宾语第一板块单元语法(教材 P10)Since then，finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.(教材 P10)As a young man,he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.(教材 P10)Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expandin
2、g the area of the fields.(教材 P10)However,he doesnt care about being famous.(教材 P10)He enjoys listening to violin music,playing mah-jong，swimming and reading.(教材 P10)Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.(教 材 P10)Just dreaming for things,however,costs n
3、othing.(教材 P10)He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.Marys being late for class made her teacher angry.It is no use arguing with him about such a matter.(1)以 上 动 名 词 短 语(加 黑 部 分)在 句 中 作 主 语 的 是_；作动词宾语的是_；作介词(短语)宾语的是_。(2)句中为_作主语。(3)句中 it 作_。动名词的
4、复合结构形式主语一、动词-ing 形式的一般特征1动词-ing 形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，包括现在分词和动名词两种。2.动词-ing 形式的时态和语态：语态时态 主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done3.动词-ing 形式在句中的语法作用：动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语，现在分词在句中作状语、宾语补足语和定语。二、动词-ing 形式作主语1动词-ing 形式作主语时，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，通常置于句首。Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大声朗读
5、是学习语言的一种好方法。Wasting a persons time is the same as killing him for his property.浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。温馨提示(1)不定式作主语表示具体的或一次性的动作。To lie to her is wrong.对她撒谎不对。(2)动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Climbing mountains is really difficult for the old.对于老人来说爬山确实困难。2形式主语 it 代替动词-ing 形式作主语。此类句式常见的有：Its a waste of time doing sth.做某事是
6、浪费时间Its useless/worthwhile doing sth.做某事没用/是值得的Its no good/use/fun doing sth.做某事没好处/没用/没意思It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.等别人替你做决定是没有用的。It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.劝说这种人加入我们是浪费时间。3当句型“There is no.”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动词-ing 形式作主语。Ther
7、e is no denying that the environment is from bad to worse.不能否认环境状况正在逐步恶化。There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。三、动词-ing 形式作宾语1作动词的宾语常接动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆：避免错过少延期(avoid,miss,postpone)建议完成多练习(advise/suggest,finish,practise)喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy,imagine,cant help)承认否定与嫉妒(admit,deny，envy)逃避冒险莫原谅
8、(escape,risk，excuse)忍受保持不介意(stand,keep，mind)Would you mind opening the window?你介意打开窗子吗？I dont like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio.我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。He tried to avoid answering my questions.他试图对我的问题避而不答。2作动词短语的宾语常见的跟动词-ing 形式作宾语的动词短语有：insist on，object to,be good at,be fond of,l
9、ead to,put off,give up,look forward to,feel like,devote to,get/be used to,pay attention to,be worth 等。He insisted on doing it in his own way.他坚持要按照自己的方法做。3在有些动词的后面，如：start,begin,continue 等既可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。4在 love,hate
10、,prefer,like 等动词后接动词-ing 形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。He preferred staying in the house when it rained.下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用动词-ing 形式作宾语，指每逢天下雨都待在家里。)I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作。)5有些动词(短语)后跟不定式和动词-ing 形式作宾语均可，但含义不同。常见的有：动词宾语的形式意义to do忘记做forgetdoing忘记做过to do
11、记着要去做rememberdoing记得做过to do遗憾/抱歉要做regretdoing后悔做了to do尽力做trydoing尝试做to do打算做meandoing意味着to do接着做(另外一件事)go ondoing接着做(同一件事)to do停下来去做某事stopdoing停止做某事Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。6下列动词可接动词-in
12、g 形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。need/want/require/deserve doing need/want/require/deserve to be doneThe bike needs repairing/to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修一下。四、动词-ing 形式的否定形式动词-ing 形式的否定形式通常是在其前加 not，带有逻辑主语时 not 应放在逻辑主语和动词-ing 形式之间。You have no excuse for not going.你没有理由不去。He was punished for not having done hi
13、s homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。五、动词-ing 形式的复合结构动词-ing 形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加动词-ing，即“sb./sb.sdoing”构成。动词-ing 形式的复合结构实际上是给动词-ing 形式加了一个逻辑主语。动词-ing 形式的复合结构有四种形式：形容词性物主代词动词-ing名词s动词-ing代词宾格动词-ing名词动词-ingHer coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。The baby was made awake by the door suddenly s
14、hutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？温馨提示(1)动词-ing 形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时，不能用两种形式。(2)无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第种形式。Toms winning the first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。Do you mind my/me/Jacks/Jack leaving now?你介意我/杰克现在离开吗？.单句语法填空1Would you
15、mind _(turn)down your radio?2There is no use _(keep)silent about such a matter.3His _(not get)to the station on time made everyone worried last week.4The teacher told the students to stop _(write)and _(listen)to him.5He succeeded in _(persuade)her to do the job.turning keeping not getting writing to
16、 listen persuading 6Seeing the funny scene,I cant help _(laugh)7I regret _(tell)you that my sister regrets _(make)you her date.You are not the kind of person she wants.8The book is worth _(read)a second time.9(2019全国卷)A 90-yearold has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for _(be)Britains oldest full-time
17、 employeestill working 40 hours a week.10The windows havent been cleaned for a long time.They need _(clean)laughing to tell making reading being cleaning/to be cleaned.单句写作1很多人都建议制定更多的规则以保护动物权益。Many people have suggested _to protect animal rights.2很难想象他会不假思索就接受了这个决定。It is difficult to imagine _witho
18、ut any consideration.3他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到了。_made him late for the class.setting up more rules his accepting the decision His getting up late in the morning 4我们正忙着为即将到来的考试做准备。We are busy_.5汤姆这么粗心，惹来了不少麻烦。_caused so much trouble.(in)preparing for the coming exam Toms being so careless.语法填空I crossed the str
19、eet to avoid 1.(meet)him,but he saw me and came 2.(run)towards me.3.was no use pretending that I had not seen him,so I waved to him.I never enjoy 4.(meet)Nigel Dykes.He never has anything to do.No matter how busy you are,he always insists on 5.(come)with you.I had to think of a way of 6.(prevent)him
20、 from 7.(follow)me around all morning.“Hello,Nigel，”I said.“Fancy 8.(meet)you here！”“Hi,Elizabeth，”Nigel answered.“I was just wondering how to spend the morninguntil I saw you.Youre not busy 9.(do)anything,are you？”“No,not at all，”I answered.“Im going to.”“Would you mind my 10.(come)with you？”he ask
21、ed,before I finished speaking.“Not at all，”I lied,“but Im going to the dentist.”“Then Ill come with you，”he answered.“Theres always plenty to read in the waiting room！”答案：1.meeting 2.running 3.It 4.meeting ing6preventing 7.following 8.meeting 9.doing ing海 报第二板块单元写作文体感知海报属于应用文的范畴，是一种用于告知广大群众各种信息的宣传性招
22、贴，其宣传内容涉及影视作品、体育赛事和学术报告等。海报往往以通告的形式张贴在公共场所。它由标题、正文、出海报的单位以及日期构成。海报写作形式灵活，语言活泼。内容及格式要求：1标题。海报通常用活动内容作标题，如“Lecture”，“Football Match”等。2正文部分。要写清楚具体内容、活动时间、活动地点以及举办单位等。语言多用十分简略的缩略语、省略句等。3落款。登海报的单位、团体名称一般写在右下角，日期写在署名下一行的左下角，有时候也可不写日期。增分佳句1The Hong Kong Book Fair is regarded as the largest book fair in As
23、ia.香港书展被认为是亚洲最大的书展。2Not only Chinese books from all parts of the country but also foreign language books from many other countries are shown at the book fair.书展不仅展出全国各地的中文书，还展出多个国家的外文书籍。3We set it up so that students can publish their English compositions,communicate ideas and improve writing skills
24、.我们为学生设立它的目的是让学生发表他们的英语作文，交流观点，提高写作技能。4Some experienced teachers will guide you online，whereyou will surely make rapid progress in your ability to write.一些有经验的老师会在线指导你，你一定会在写作方面快速取得进步。5For those whose articles are very good,we will award each of them an English magazine.那些文章写得很好的人，我们会每人奖励一本英文杂志。6We
25、are looking forward to your compositions for this column.我们很期待你向该专栏投稿。7Somebody who lost the purse is expected to come to get it.希望丢失钱包的人前来认领。8Pen lost.Whoever has found it,please inform us about it.丢失钢笔一支，拾到者请与我们联系。9Everyone is welcome to watch the match and cheer the players up.欢迎大家去观看比赛，为队员加油助威。写
26、作要求根据下面提示为“绿叶”有机蔬菜生产基地写一篇介绍性海报。1坐落在城西；2历经 20 年已经发展成占地 1 000 多亩的大农场；3配备有现代化的设施；4生产过程中不使用任何化肥；5富含营养；6产品出口几十个国家；7联系方式：Tel：666888123E-mail：Green LeafGreen L注意：1词数 100 左右；2不要逐条翻译，可适当发挥，以使行文连贯。审题谋篇体裁应用文(海报)时态一般将来时主题健康生活方式人称第三人称结构首段：点题，吸引读者去了解“绿叶”有机蔬菜生产基地；中段：介绍基地的位置、规模、设施、特点等情况；尾段：介绍联系方式。遣词造句(一)普通表达1你是否梦想能
27、天天品尝没有化肥的绿色蔬菜呢？Have you ever dreamt of _without chemical fertilizer every day?2它坐落在城西。_.(locate)_.(lie)tasting green vegetables It is located in the west of the city It lies in the west of the city 3历经 20 年它已经发展成占地 1 000 多亩的大农场。It _ an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades.(使用现在分词短语作定语)
28、Itan area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades.(使用 which 引导定语从句)4真正让它与众不同的是这儿的蔬菜在种植过程中没有使用任何化肥。(what 引导主语从句，that 引导表语从句)_the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer.has expanded to a farm covering has expanded to a farm which covers What really makes it different from othe
29、rs is that 5肥沃的土壤让这些蔬菜营养丰富。(用 make 复合结构)The rich soil_.6它出口到世界上许多国家。(被动句)It _ many countries in the world.makes these vegetables full of nutrition is exported into(二)高级表达1用 locate 的过去分词短语作状语连接 2、3 句_.2用过渡词 as a result 连接 5、6 句_.Located in the west of the city,it has expanded to a farm covering/which
30、 covers an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decadesThe rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition；as a result,it is exported into many countries in the world妙笔成篇One possible version：Have you ever dreamt of tasting green vegetables without chemical fertilizer every day?Please go to
31、Green Leafan organic vegetable base.Located in the west of the city,it has expanded to a farm covering an area of more than 1,000 mu in the past two decades.It has been equipped with advanced facilities.What really makes it different from others is that the vegetables here are grown without any chemical fertilizer.The rich soil makes these vegetables full of nutrition;as a result,it is exported into many countries in the world.If you are interested,please contact us in the following ways.Tel：666888123 E-mail：Green Leaf Green L.word部分：请做：课时作业练速度 练能力 练规范点此进入该word板块
