1、Unit 2 Looking into the Future阅读理解AIt is quite apparent that competition surrounds every aspect of human life whether in the United States or the Amazon rainforest. Without it we would not have grown into primates (灵长类动物). Or we would probably still be struggling to sharpen a bronze tool while crawl
2、ing around on four legs in search of meat. Without competition, Columbus wouldnt have discovered America and Edison would never have invented the light bulb.Friendship, like all relationships between two people, involves competition. It isnt competition in a traditional sense because there are no go
3、als to be scored and no prize. Perhaps the ecological definitionthe simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental resources, such as nutrinents, living space, or lightbetter explains it.As in nature, high school life is governed by a set of laws, similar to a shortened
4、 version of Darwins theory of evolution, overpopulation, and competition. There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place. In high school, friendships learn to coexist with competition even though at times the relationship is rough. In
5、fact, in some circumstance, competition is too much of a burden for a friendship to bear, causing it to fall apart. College admission is the final high school objective. Four years of hard work is to achieve good grades, and a students fate is determined not only by these achievements, but by the re
6、cords of thousands of other seniors trying to achieve a similar recognition.Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life. It sets and improves the standards in everything from sports to schoolwork. A healthy, friendly competition can have only be
7、nefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌) can tear friendships apart. Yet, despite all this, without competition, we would be lost.本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竞争推动了人类社会的发展以及如何在竞争和友谊中寻求平衡。1What does the ecological definition mainly explain?AHow to win the competition. BWhat competition exactly is.CWhat t
8、he result of competition is. DHow friends compete with each other.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It isnt competition in a traditional sense because there are no goals to be scored and no prize. Perhaps the ecological definitionthe simultaneous (同时的) demand by two or more organisms for limited environmental re
9、sources, such as nutrinents, living space, or lightbetter explains it.”可知，这不是传统意义上的竞争，因为没有目标，没有奖励，或许生态定义能更好地解释竞争是什么，两个破折号之间解释了竞争的生态定义。故B项正确。2.According to the writer, what causes the high school students to compete?AThey know the laws of nature well. BFriendship is a burden for them.CThe number of t
10、hem is too large. DThey are divided into different groups.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“There is an abundance of high school students and to distinguish them, ranking and categorizing (分类) take place.”可知，造成高中生竞争的原因是高中生数量过于庞大，故C项正确。3Which best describes the relationship of friendship and competition?AFriendsh
11、ip is always based on competition.BCompetition is a result of lost friendship.CCompetition is terribly harmful to friendships.DThe degree of competition is vital to friendship.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“A healthy, friendly competition can have only benefits, but when it becomes too fierce, jealousy (妒忌)
12、can tear friendships apart.”可知，健康、友好的竞争能带来好处，但当竞争过于激烈时，妒忌会把友谊撕裂，由此推知竞争的程度对友谊至关重要，故D项正确。4What does the author think of “competition”？ACompetition is certain to happen at school.BThe result of competition are out of control.CCompetition becomes fierce in high school.DFriendship is not as important as
13、competition at school.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Nevertheless, by necessity, competition between students exists in all aspects of high school life.”可知，作者认为学生之间的竞争必然存在于高中生活的各个方面，故A项正确。BParents should ban electronic media during mealtimes and after bedtime as part of a comprehensive “family media use plan
14、”， according to new recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics. “Excessive media use is associated with obesity, poor school performance, aggression and lack of sleep，” said Marjorie Hogan, coauthor of the new policy.Families should have a nodevice rule during meals and after bedtime, t
15、he guidelines say. Parents should also set family rules covering the use of the Internet, cellphones, including, perhaps, which sites can be visited, and who can be called. The policy also restated the existing recommendations: Kids should limit the amount of screen time for entertainment to less th
16、an two hours per day; children younger than 2 shouldnt have any TV or Internet exposure. Also, televisions and Internetaccessible devices should be kept out of kids bedrooms.Doctors say parents need to obey the family rules, too, to model healthy behavior. That, some say, may be the toughest part. “
17、If you go to any restaurant, Family 3.0 is Mom and Dad on their devices and the kids on theirs，” says Donald, a pediatrician and an AAP spokesman. “Who is talking to each other？”Children aged from 8 to 18 spent an average of 7 hours and 38 minutes a day consuming media for fun, including TV, music,
18、video games and other content in 2009, according to a 2010 report from the Kaiser Family Foundation. The report was based on a survey of 2002 third through twelfth graders, 702 of whom completed a sevenday media use diary. That was up about an hour and 17 minutes a day from five years earlier. About
19、 twothirds of 8 to 18yearolds said they had no rules on the amount of time they spent watching TV, playing video games or using the computer, the Kaiser report found.Use of mobile devices by young kids has soared. A new report from Common Sense Media, a childadvocacy group based in San Francisco, fo
20、und that 17% of children 8 and younger use mobile devices daily, up from 8% in 2011.本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了一篇调查报告，孩子的肥胖、学业不佳、具有攻击性和睡眠不足通常与过度使用电子媒介有关，因此，家长应该采取一定的措施禁止孩子在就餐时和就寝后使用电子媒介。1Which statement is TRUE according to the first paragraph?AParents are advised to ban electronic media after mealti
21、mes.BA “Family media use plan” is being carried out throughout America.CElectronic media are evil in the eyes of parents and educators.DThe overuse of electronic media has caused many severe problems.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Excessive media use is associated with obesity, poor school performance, aggres
22、sion and lack of sleep”可知，孩子的肥胖、学业不佳、具有攻击性和睡眠不足通常与过度使用电子媒介有关。因此，过度使用电子媒介会引起很多的问题。故选D项。2Why should parents themselves obey the family rules?AIts beneficial to their health.BIts essential to parenting their kids.CIts beneficial to their work.DIts essential to develop good relationship with their kids.
23、答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “Doctors say parents need to obey the family rules, too, to model healthy behavior.”可知，家长要想禁止孩子在就餐时和就寝后使用电子媒介，也应遵守家庭规则，以身作则，塑造健康的行为方式，可知父母自己要遵守家庭规则，这是养育孩子的关键。故选B项。3What can be inferred according to the report from the Kaiser Family Foundation?AThe majority of the surveyed kids c
24、an use electronic devices as they like in their homes.BThe report was based on the statistics in 2002.C702 of the surveyed kids completed a sevenday media use diary.DKids are spending less and less time using media for fun.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 “About twothirds of 8 to 18yearolds said they had no r
25、ules on the amount of time they spent watching TV, playing video games or using the computer, the Kaiser report found.(Kaiser的报告发现，大约三分之二的8到18岁的孩子说，他们看电视、玩电子游戏或使用电脑的时间没有规定。)”可知，大多数被调查的孩子在家中玩电子设备时没有时间限制。故选A项。4What can be the best title of the passage?AConsuming media for fun is a nature of kidsBNo use, no worryCMeasures should be taken to stop childrens overuse of electronic mediaDElectronic devices threaten the relationship of many families答案：C解析：标题判断题。本文是一篇调查报告。过度使用电子媒介通常与肥胖、学业不佳、具有攻击性和睡眠不足有关。因此，家长应该采取一定的措施禁止孩子在就餐时和就寝后使用电子媒介。故C项最适合文章标题。故选C项。
