1、江苏省南京市南京师范大学附属中学2020-2021学年高一英语上学期 10月月考试题（含解析）第一部分: 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 26 分)第一节: 阅读短文 (共 8 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 16 分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe clothes you wear.The food you eat.The color of your bedroom walls.Where you go and how you get there.The people you hang around with.What time you g
2、o to bed.What do these things have in common?Youre asking.Theyre just a few examples of many hundreds of things that your parents controlled for you when you were a child.As a kid,you didnt have a say in very much that went on;your parents made decisions about everything from the cereal you ate in t
3、he morning to the pajamas you wore at night.And its a good thing,too-kids need this kind of protection and assistance because they arent mature enough to take care of themselves and make careful decisions on their own.But finally,kids grow up and become teens.And part of being a teen is developing y
4、our own identity(身份认同)-one that is separate from your parents.But as you change and grow into this new person who makes your own decisions,your parents have a difficult time adjusting(调整).They arent used to the new you yet-they only know you as the kid who had everything decided for you and didnt mi
5、nd.In many families,it is this adjustment that can cause a lot of fighting between teens and parents.And issues like the type of friends you have or your attitudes to partying can cause bigger quarrels,because your parents still always want to protect you and keep you safe,no matter how old you are.
6、The good news about fighting with your parents is that in many families the arguing will lessen as parents get more comfortable with the idea that their teen has a right to certain opinions.It can take several years for parents and teens to adjust to their new roles,though.In the meantime,focus on c
7、ommunicating with yourparents.Sometimes this can feel impossible-like they just dont see your point of view and never will.But talking and expressing your opinions can help you gain more respect from your parents and you may be able to reach compromises(和解)that make everyone happy.For example,if you
8、 are willing to clean your room in order to stay out an hour later,both you and your parents walk away with a good deal. Keep in mind, too, that your parents were teens once and that in most cases,they can relate to what youre going through.1. In Paragraph 2the author_.A. complains that parents cont
9、rol kids too muchB. proves that kids have no right to give their opinionsC. describes how carefully parents look after kidsD. explains parents control kids for protection and assistance2. A lot of fighting breaks out between teens and parents because_.A. parents arent used to losing control of kidsB
10、. teens like to have everything decided for themC. parents get angry at teens not respecting themD. teens are eager to develop their own identity3. In the authors opinion,parents control teens in order to_.A. prevent them from having their own ideasB. protect them from being hurtC. make them respect
11、 parents in the familyD. make sure that children have a good future4. Which of the following teenagersquestions does the author try to answer?A. What do parents control their children for?B. When do parents take care of their children?C. How do I get rid of my parentscontrol?D. Why do I fight with m
12、y parents so much?【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了父母一直控制着孩子一切来保护孩子。但是当孩子长成青少年时，他们有了自己做决定的能力，父母很难调整他们对待孩子的方式，所以就产生了许多争吵，因此孩子要和父母多交流。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句“And its a good thing,too-kids need this kind of protection and assistance because they arent mature enough to take care of themselves and
13、 make careful decisions on their own.”（这也是一件好事孩子们需要这种保护和帮助，因为他们还不够成熟，不能照顾自己，不能自己做仔细的决定。）可知，第二段解释父母控制孩子是为了保护和帮助。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But as you change and grow into this new person who makes your own decisions, your parents have a difficult time adjusting(调整).”（但是当你改变和成长为一个全新的自己做决定的人时，你的父母会很难适应。）和
14、文章第四段“In many families, it is this adjustment that can cause a lot of fighting between teens and parents.”（在许多家庭中，正是这种调整导致了青少年和父母之间的许多冲突。）可知，青少年和父母之间经常发生冲突，因为父母不习惯对孩子失去控制。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“because your parents still always want to protect you and keep you safe, no matter how old you are.”（因为无论
15、你多大，你的父母仍然希望保护你，保证你的安全。）可知，父母控制青少年是为了保护他们不受伤害。故选B。【4题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段通过父母控制孩子的一些例子引入话题，第二段对于父母控制孩子的决定进行了进一步的阐述，从第三段开始到最后解释了父母和青少年之间冲突变多的原因。由此可知，文章中作者主要回答了“为什么我总是和父母吵架？”这个问题。故选D。BWhen I was 16 years old and in foster care(寄养中心)in Tennessee,I wanted a family very much.I asked for the help of a judge,eve
16、n the commissioner of the Department of Childrens Services,and was adopted(收养)just a week before my 18th birthday.We have a lot to be grateful for and this holiday season lets not forget about the more than 415,000 youth in foster care especially older youth These youth are the most likely to get ov
17、erlooked(忽视)for adoption,but they shouldnt be.They need and deserve a family just as much as young children do.Making an older youth a part of your family can bring just as much a joy as adopting a baby or a younger child.My adoption was life changing and probably the best thing that ever happened t
18、o me.I still remember the first gift my parents gave to me.It was a Mickey Mouse key chain with a key to their home.They told me that no matter what happened they would always love me and Id always have a place to come home to.This is our 17th Thanksgiving together.My first Thanksgiving with my fami
19、ly was a little overwhelming(难以应付的)with lots of extended family including grandparents,aunts,uncles,and cousins.However,Its when I realized that I would never have to spend another holiday alone and that was truly an amazing feeling.I was always eager to spend time with my little sister,Beth.She was
20、 six when I joined the family.My dad always says he knew we were really sisters,and I was no longer a guest in the house when Beth and I had our first fight.Today,shes one of my best friends,and Im her biggest cheerleader.There were also bittersweet Thanksgivings.One we spent in my moms hospital roo
21、m.It was there that she helped me plan my wedding but passed away three weeks before the ceremony.My dad walked me down the aisle,and my sister was my maid of honor.Because of our bond,we were able to support each other through thatchallenging time and thats what family is for the good and bad times
22、.Its nice having my dad and sister to share holidays and special occasions.But theyre even more important when it comes to the little things-like having someone to share my bad day with,celebrate my achievements at work,or help me think through a difficult decision.Its in these moments that I just c
23、ant imagine being alone in the world.Im so glad that I didnt listen to those people who said Id never find a family,and that I was putting myself out there for rejection(拒绝接受).Its a risk for older foster youth to consider adoption.Its an opportunity to be rejected once again.But its a risk they shou
24、ld take because life doesnt end at 18.Its really just beginning.If you know someone who might consider adopting an older teen,please share my story-and have him or her think of my family.They didnt get to see my first steps.But they taught me so many things about life,and were there to watch me walk
25、 across the stage when I graduated from college and law school and accompanied(陪伴)me to the White House last year as I was honored for my work helping foster youth.I look forward to many more Thanksgivings with my family,and Im thankful they chose me to be a part of their family.5. What can we learn
26、 from the authors personal experiences?A. Its rather difficult for older youth to be adopted.B. Older youth bring less joy than babies.C. Its unforgettable to have bittersweet Thanksgivings.D. An older youth aged 18 is too old to need a family.6. What makes the author feel that she cant imagine bein
27、g alone in the world?A. The familys giving her a Mickey Mouse as a gift.B. The familys always sharing happiness and sorrow with her.C. Her mothers failing to attend her wedding.D. Spending Thanksgiving with her extended family for years.7. According to the author,adoption really means_for older yout
28、h.A. not living alone any longerB. being taken good care of by othersC. being successful in careerD. being loved and accepted8. What is the authors main purpose of writing the passage?A. To express her love for her family.B. To feel sorry for the unadoptable older youth.C. To ask more people to adop
29、t the older youth.D. To tell the readers not to blindly believe others.【答案】5. A 6. B 7. D 8. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在她即将18岁时被领养的故事，文章介绍了她被领养后的经历和领养年龄较大的青少年的优点。目的就是要呼吁更多的人领养年龄较大的青少年。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第八段“Its a risk for older foster youth to consider adoption.Its an opportunity to be rejected once again
30、.”考虑收养年长的寄养青年是有风险的。这是一个再次被拒绝的机会。从作者的个人经历中，可知年长的青年很难被收养。故选A项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第七段“But theyre even more important when it comes to the little things-like having someone to share my bad day with,celebrate my achievements at work,or help me think through a difficult decision.Its in these moments that I jus
31、t cant imagine being alone in the world.”但当涉及到一些小事时，他们甚至更重要比如有人分享我糟糕的一天，庆祝我工作上的成就，或者帮助我思考一个艰难的决定。正是在这些时刻，我无法想象独自一人生活在这个世界上。可知，这个家庭总是和她分享快乐和悲伤的时刻，让作者觉得她无法想象独自一人在这个世界上。故选B项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据“They need and deserve a family just as much as young children do.”他们像小孩子一样，需要并值得拥有一个家庭。可知收养对大龄的青少年意味着被爱和归属感。故选D项。【
32、8题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“If you know someone who might consider adopting an older teen,please share my story-and have him or her think of my family.”如果你知道有人可能会考虑收养一个更大的青少年，请分享我的故事，让他或她想到我的家人，且本文主要讲了作者在她即将18岁时被领养的故事，介绍了她的经历和领养年龄较大的青少年的优点。可以推断，作者的目的就是要呼吁更多的人领养年龄较大的青少年。故选C项。【点睛】细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根
33、据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。多数情况下，作者不会明确的呈现一个事实，读者需要根据已有的信息进行处理，读出言外之意。还要特别注意文章的时间顺序、故事发生的地点、情节的发展和人物之间的关系。例如，第2题，细节理解题。根据第七段“But theyre even more important when it comes to the little things-like having someone to share my bad day with,celebrate my achievements at work,or help me think thro
34、ugh a difficult decision.Its in these moments that I just cant imagine being alone in the world.”但当涉及到一些小事时，他们甚至更重要比如有人分享我糟糕的一天，庆祝我工作上的成就，或者帮助我思考一个艰难的决定。正是在这些时刻，我无法想象独自一人生活在这个世界上。可知，这个家庭总是和她分享快乐和悲伤的时候，让作者觉得她无法想象独自一人在这个世界上。故选B项。第二节: 七选五(共 5 小题: 每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
35、项。In a recent survey in America, 62% of people said that creativity was more important to success in the workplace than they had expected it would be when they were in school._9_. It is of course possible to scan peoples brains and see which parts are firing when an idea is created, but rather more
36、romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it. You cannot demand creativity from your mind, nor can you demand that you are creative in a particular way.One misunderstanding about creativity is that it is meant for
37、a few special people This is not true. _10_. Another misconception is that creativity is all about the arts but this simply isnt true: creativity extends to maths and science in just the way it does to music and literature.Those who see things differently to others and are confident enough to make t
38、heir ideas a reality are the ones who make the greatest changes in the world. As a result, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity. _11_. Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense. They need to learn to view mistakes as opportu
39、nities for learning rather than something that was unsuccessful.It is worrying that many schools are less concerned now with nurturing creativity when this is the most important time in history for it. It used to be that people worked hard, went to university, and got a job. _12_. But now, everyone
40、works hard, goes to universityand there arent the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future. _13_. We can use it to set ourselves apart, and channel it to face the challenges of the future.A. That was itB. Creativity is influenced by many factorsC. Rather, they should work to grow and exercise itD
41、. Without creativity, we are no different from other peopleE. However, creativity can be developed at any ageF. Its hard to work out where exactly creativity comes fromG. Everyone has the ability to be creative.【答案】9. F 10. G 11. C 12. A 13. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了创造力对我们的重要性、它的存在方式及关于创造力的一些错误观点和做法。【9题详解】
42、根据后文“but rather more romantically it can be thought of as something that cannot be identified. Creativity is what comes to you when you least expect it.(它可以被认为是一种无法识别的东西。创造力是在你最不经意的时候出现的)”可知，创造力无法被识别，且是不经意的时候出现的，即很难弄清楚创造力到底从何而来。故F选项“很难弄清楚创造力到底从何而来”符合语境，故选F。【10题详解】结合上文“One misunderstanding about crea
43、tivity is that it is meant for a few special people. This is not true.( 关于创造力的一个误解是，它是为少数特殊的人保留的。这不是真的)”可知，上文提到只有少数特殊的人有创造力的观点不是真的，故本句承接上文进一步说明，每个人都有创造力。故G选项“每个人都有创造的能力”符合语境，故选G。【11题详解】根据上文“As a result, it is incredibly important that schools do not prevent creativity.(78/5000 因此，学校不阻止创造力的发挥是非常重要的)”
44、以及后文“Students should be taught to ask questions and investigate when things do not make sense.( 要教会学生在事物不合理的时候提出问题，进行探究)”可知，学校应当支持培养学生的创作力。B选项中的rather表转折，与前一句形成对比。且上文中schools可对应到C选项中they。故C选项“相反，他们应该努力培养和锻炼创造力”符合语境，故选C。【12题详解】根据上文“It used to be that people worked hard, went to university, and got a
45、job.(过去人们努力学习，上大学，然后找到工作)”以及后文“But now, everyone works hard, goes to universityand there arent the jobs out there that guarantee a safe future.(但是现在，每个人都努力学习，上大学，没有工作可以保证会有一个可靠的未来)”可知，本句承接上文，表明过去的人努力学习、上大学然后找工作，这就是全部流程了，故A选项“就是这样”符合语境，故选A。【13题详解】根据后文“We can use it to set ourselves apart, and channel
46、 it to face the challenges of the future.(我们可以利用它使自己与众不同，并利用它面对未来的挑战)”可知，后文提到利用创造力可以使自己与众不同，那么本句应当是说明没有创造力，我们和其他人没有什么不同。后文中use it to set ourselves apart与D选项中no different from other people形成对比，故D选项“没有创造力，我们和其他人没有什么不同”符合语境，故选D。第二部分: 语言知识运用 (共三节，满分 65 分)第一节: 完形填空 (共 20 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 20 分)During my sec
47、ond year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I_14_the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesnt want to _15_a few dollars? More than that, Id always Wanted to learn chess. And, even if I w
48、erent_16_enough about free credits, news about our_17_was appealing (有吸引力的) enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which_18_I would be learning from one of the games _19_. I could hardly wait to_20_him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this_21_w
49、as no game for him: he meant business. In his introduction, he made it _22_that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to_23_the class, among other criteria (标准), we had to write a paper on how we plan to_24_what we would learn in class to our future professions and, _25_ , to our lives. I manag
50、ed to get an A in that_26_and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the_27_.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still putting to use what he_28_me: “The most important_29_that you learn when you play chess is how to make good_30_. On every single_31_you have to analyze (分析)
51、 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and evaluate (评估) the best move from among all you_32_.” These words still ring true today in my_33_as a journalist.14. A. put forwardB. jumped atC. tried outD. turned down15. A. wasteB. makeC. saveD. pay16. A. excitedB. worriedC. movedD. tired1
52、7. A. titleB. competitorC. textbookD. teacher18. A. explainedB. requiredC. heldD. meant19. A. fastestB. easiestC. bestD. rarest20. A. introduceB. meetC. challengeD. beat21. A. chanceB. collegeC. creditD. job22. A. realB. perfectC. clearD. possible23. A. attendB. passC. startD. join24. A. addB. tieC.
53、 applyD. compare25. A. finallyB. naturallyC. directlyD. exactly26. A. gameB. presentationC. courseD. experiment27. A. criterionB. classroomC. departmentD. situation28. A. taughtB. wroteC. questionD. promised29. A. businessB. factC. discoveryD. skill30. A. impressionsB. decisionsC. suggestionsD. frie
54、nds31. A. moveB. stepC. gameD. moment32. A. challengesB. abilitiesC. advantagesD. options33. A. roleB. reportC. serviceD. responsibility【答案】14. B 15. C 16. A 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. A【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章讲述了作者在大二学的免费课程下象棋及这门课程
55、对作者生活的深远指导作用。【14题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我欣然接受了这个课程，因为，毕竟，谁不想节省几美元呢？A. put forward提出；B. jumped at欣然接受；C. tried out尝试；D. turned down拒绝。后文提到作者想要省钱，所以是欣然接受了这门课程。故选B。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我欣然接受了这个课程，因为，毕竟，谁不想节省几美元呢？A. waste浪费；B. make制作；C. save节省；D. pay付钱。此处为反问句，结合前后文语境“who doesnt want toa few dollars”可知参加免费课程是为了省钱。
56、故选C。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即便是我对免费的学分不感到激动，单是我们老师的信息就足以吸引我。A. excited激动的，兴奋的；B. worried担心的；C. moved感动的；D. tired劳累的。上文提到作者上这门课就是为了省钱，所以对这门课所带来的学分并不感到激动，故选A。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：即便是我对免费的学分不感到激动，单是我们老师的消息就足以吸引我。A. title头衔；题目；B. competitor竞赛者；C. textbook教科书；D. teacher老师。根据下一段中“Maurice Ashley was kind and sma
57、rt, a former graduate returning to teach”可知此处是在介绍讲授这门课的老师。故选D。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是一名国际大师，这意味着我将向这项游戏中的佼佼者学习。A. explained解释；B. required需要；C. held握住；D. meant意味着。根据后文“I would be learning from one of the games”可知老师是特级大师，所以意味着作者将要向这项游戏中的佼佼者学习。故选D。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他是一名国际大师，这意味着我将向这项游戏中的佼佼者学习。A. fastes
58、t最快的；B. easiest最容易的；C. best最好的；D. rarest最稀少的。结合上文“He was an international grandmaster”可知老师是象棋游戏里的大师，即下象棋最好的人之一。故选C。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想见到他。A. introduce介绍；B. meet见面；C. challenge挑战；D. beat击败。上文提到这门课的老师是个大师，作者一想到自己可以向大师学习，所以迫不及待想要见到他。故选B。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Maurice Ashley是一个善良而聪明的人，他毕业后又回来教书，这份工作对
59、他来说不是游戏：他是认真的。A. chance机会；B. college大学；C. credit信用；D. job工作。Maurice Ashley如今是老师，所以这是他的一份工作。故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他的介绍中，他明确表示这些学分不容易得到。A. real真实的；B. perfect完美的；C. clear清楚的；D. possible可能的。结合后文“that our credits would be hard-earned”可知明确表示这些学分不容易得到。短语make it clear that“明确表示”故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了通
60、过这门课，除其他标准外，我们还必须写一篇论文，说明我们打算如何将在课堂上学到的知识应用到我们未来的职业中，并最终应用到我们的生活中。A. attend参加；B. pass通过；C. start开始；D. join加入。根据后文宾语“the class”以及“ write a paper”可知此处指的是通过这门课。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了通过这门课，除其他标准外，我们还必须写一篇论文，说明我们打算如何将在课堂上学到的知识应用到我们未来的职业中，并最终应用到我们的生活中。A. add增加；B. tie系；C. apply应用；D. compare比较。结合后文“what
61、we would learn in class to our future professions”可知Ashley 要求学生们写一篇论文，关于如何将在课堂上学到的知识应用到我们未来的职业中，短语apply to“把运用于”。故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了通过这门课，除其他标准外，我们还必须写一篇论文，说明我们打算如何将在课堂上学到的知识应用到我们未来的职业中，并最终应用到我们的生活中。A. finally最终；B. naturally自然地；C. directly直接地；D. exactly恰好地。根据后文“to our lives”可知先是应用到工作中，最后应用到生活中
62、。故选A。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在那门课上得了A，我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活经验。A. game游戏；B. presentation介绍；陈述；C. course课程；D. experiment实验。结合上文“get an A in that”可知此处指在象棋课上得了A的成绩。故选C。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 我在那门课上得了A，我还学习了课堂之外对我很有用的生活经验。A. criterion标准；B. classroom课堂，教室；C. department部门；系；D. situation情况。结合上文“learned life lessons”可知
63、作者学到了课堂之外的生活经验。beyond the classroom课堂之外，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Ashley上象棋课十年之后，我仍然在运用他教我的东西:“下象棋时你学到的最重要的技能是如何做出正确的决定。”A. taught教；B. wrote写；C. questioned怀疑；D. promised承诺。上文he指的是象棋课的老师Ashley，故此处指作者十年后仍然在运用Ashley教自己的东西。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Ashley上象棋课十年之后，我仍然在运用他教我的东西：“下象棋时你学到的最重要的技能是如何做出正确的决定。”A. b
64、usiness生意；B. fact事实；C. discovery发现；D. skill技能。根据后文“when you play chess”可知此处指的是下象棋时的重要技能（skill），其他选项不符合语境。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Ashley上象棋课十年之后，我仍然在运用他教我东西:“下象棋时你学到的最重要的技能是如何做出正确的决定。”A. impressions印象；B. decisions决定；C. suggestions建议；D. friends朋友。根据后文“evaluate the best move from among all”可知下象棋时需要评估出最
65、佳的一步，即做出正确的决定。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每一步中，你都必须分析形势，处理对手的行动，从你所有的选择中评估出最佳的一步。A. move行动，移动；B. step步骤；C. game游戏；D. moment时刻。根据后文“evaluate the best move from among all”可知此处指下象棋的每一步。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在每一步中，你都必须分析形势，处理对手的行动，从你所有的选择中评估出最佳的一步。A. challenges挑战；B. abilities能力；C. advantages优势；D. options选择
66、。结合上文“evaluate the best move from among all”可知，下象棋要分析形势，且从你所有的选择中评估出最佳的一步，故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在这些话对我作为一名新闻记者的角色来说仍然是正确的。A. role角色；B. report报告；C. service服务；D. responsibility责任。结合后文“as a journalist”可知作者如今是一名记者，所以这应该是作者的职业或者身份，故选A。语法填空Confucianism, developed from thoughts by Confucius during the Sp
67、ring and Autumn Period, is a philosophical system which has become_34_important part of Chinese culture. It_35_ (set) up by Confucius (551-479BC) and later was developed by philosophers, including Mencius, Dong Zhongshu, Wang Yangming and others.Confucianism means a lot not only to China, but also t
68、o the world. In 1988, 75 Nobel prize winners said that _36_mankind is to survive (生存), it must go back 25 centuries in time to learn from the_37_ (wise) ofConfucius. Today, sentences from Confucianism are _38_ (wide) used in speeches or talks given by famous foreign people. Besides, people around th
69、e globe can learn about Confucius ideas in Confucius Institutes and Chinese Culture Centers abroad. The institutes and centers serve_39_non-profit institutions(盈利机构) to help foreigners_40_ (well) understand China than before through language teaching and culture introduction.So far China_41_ (open)
70、465 Confucius Institutes in 123 countries and regions. There are also 713 Confucius Classrooms operating in middle and primary schools. Whats more, Chinese Culture Centers in Cairo, Paris, Berlin, Tokyo and Denmark, to name a few, are introducing China by holding cultural _42_ (activity), opening tr
71、aining classes and_43_ (build) libraries.【答案】34. an 35. was set 36. if 37. wisdom 38. widely 39. as 40. better 41. has opened 42. activities 43. building【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了儒家思想的起源，发展及其在世界上的影响，并且说明了孔子学院在世界的分布情况。【34题详解】考查冠词。句意：儒学是由春秋时期孔子的思想发展而来的一种哲学体系，已成为中国文化的重要组成部分。part为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个重要部分”，且important是发
72、音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。【35题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：它由孔子(公元前551年479年)创立，后来由孟子、董仲舒、王阳明等哲学家发展起来。根据后文was developed可知应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，主语为it，谓语动词应用单数。故填was set。【36题详解】考查状语从句。句意：1988年，75位诺贝尔奖得主说，如果人类要生存下去，就必须回到25个世纪以前，学习孔子的智慧。本句为条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if。故填if。【37题详解】考查名词。句意同上。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词wisdom，作宾语，表示“智慧”。故填wisdom
73、。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：今天，儒家思想的句子被广泛用于著名的外国人士的演讲或谈话中。修饰动词use应用副词widely，表示“广泛地”，wide作副词讲表示“宽地”不符合语境。故填widely。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：这些机构和中心作为非营利机构，通过语言教学和文化介绍帮助外国人更好地了解中国。结合句意表示“作为”可知短语为serve as。故填as。【40题详解】考查比较级。句意同上。根据后文“than before”可知应用比较级better，表示“更好地”。故填better。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：目前，中国已在123个国家和地区开设了465所孔子学院。时间状语“
74、So far”表明用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词用has，故填has opened。【42题详解】考查名词的数。句意：此外，开罗、巴黎、柏林、东京、丹麦等地的中国文化中心正在通过举办文化活动、开设培训班、建设图书馆等方式介绍中国。activity为可数名词，根据下文training classes可知此处应用复数形式。故填activities。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。介词by后跟动名词作宾语，此处build与上文holding和opening 构成并列非谓语结构。故填building。第三节: 根据句意和所给首字母填空 (共 19 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 19 分
75、)44. It is clear that m_activity does not stop when we re asleep.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】mental【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：很明显，在我们睡觉的时候，大脑活动并没有停止。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填形容词mental，脑力的，作定语修饰名词activity。故填mental。45. This country has been s_for independence for hundreds of years. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】struggling【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：这个国家已经为独立抗争
76、了数百年了。动词struggle和主语country构成主动关系，所以本句为现在完成进行时。且符合句意，struggle for意为“为抗争”，故填struggle。46. She hasnt been seen for four days and her family and friends are c_for her safety. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】concerned【解析】【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：她已经四天没有露面了，她的家人和朋友都很担心她的安全。分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应为“担心她的安全”，根据首字母可知，此处应为“be concerned for”，意为“为担
77、忧”，是固定搭配。故填concerned。47. She had a burning d_to go back to her home country before she died. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】desire【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在死之前，她有一个强烈的愿望，她要回到她的祖国。作动词had的宾语用名词；且根据首字母和句意推出是desire，愿望，空前有不定冠词a修饰，用可数名词单数，故填desire。48. People under a lot of s_may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties.（根据首
78、字母单词拼）【答案】stress【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：压力大的人可能会感到头痛和睡眠困难。作介词under的宾语用名词。根据句意和首字母推出是stress，表抽象意义，不可数。故填stress。49. In babies and children, the n_body temperature ranges from 36.6 to 37.2. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】normal【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：婴儿和儿童的正常体温在36.2到37.2摄氏度之间。根据所给句子和首字母提示可推出是形容词normal“正常的”，该词作定语修饰名词词组body temperatur
79、e。故填normal。50. The couple had a heated a_and didnt talk to each other for days. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】argument【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这对夫妇吵了激烈的一架，好几天没说话了。根据首字母提示，固定短语have an argument with sb意为“与某人争吵”，该空处缺少名词argument，故填argument。51. The first year of being a first-time mom is t_, but things have gotten better. （根据
80、首字母单词拼写）【答案】tough/terrible【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：成为新手妈妈的第一年是很艰难的，但是事情已经变好了。根据句意和所缺单词首字母可知，空格处应填tough，意为“艰难的”，形容词词性，或填terrible，意为“可怕的，很糟的”，形容词词性，在句中作表语，句意表示成为新手妈妈的第一年是艰难的或糟糕的，因为第一次做妈妈，有很多事情不懂，符合句意。故填tough/terrible。52. I suggest that we have club meetings r_, either on a weekly r monthly basis. （根据首字母单词拼写）【
81、答案】regularly【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：我建议我们定期召开俱乐部会议，每周或每月举行一次。根据单词首字母以及句意应填副词regularly，表示“定期地”，修饰动词have作状语。故填regularly。53. The boy meant it as a joke but she was not amused and then they e_ angry words. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】exchanged【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：那男孩原本打算开个玩笑，但她并不觉得好笑，然后他们就争吵起来。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空格处应填单词“exchange”，意
82、为“交换”，动词词性，“exchange angry words”意为“争吵，发生口角”，为固定短语，符合句意。根据句意和句中“was”可知，句子讲述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，exchange的过去式为exchanged。故填exchanged。54. Kids may lose interest in a_ a foreign language if they are just required to do boring exercises all the time.（根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】acquiring【解析】【详解】考查动词和固定短语。句意：如果孩子们总是被
83、要求做无聊的练习，他们可能会对学习外语失去兴趣。根据句意和所缺单词首字母可知，空格处应用acquire，意为“获得”，动词词性，句中“acquire a foreign language”意为“学会一种外国语言”，符合句意。句中涉及固定短语“lose interest in doing sth.”意为“对做某事失去兴趣”，in后接动词ing形式，acquire的动词ing形式为acquiring。故填acquiring。55. We were late getting to the company, but f_the meeting was put off. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】f
84、ortunately【解析】【分析】【详解】考查副词。句意：我们去公司迟到了，但是幸运是，这次会议被推迟了。根据句意，迟到了，但是会议被推迟了，没有耽搁会议，因此是幸运的，结合首字母可知，fortunately“幸运地”符合题意，修饰整个句子，用副词作状语，故填fortunately。【点睛】56. An increase in the price of drugs has c_to the rising cost of medical care. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】contributed【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：药品价格的上涨导致了医疗费用的上涨。根据单词首字母以及句意
85、“导致”，可知应填动词contribute，作谓语，短语contribute to“导致”；且表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，上文已有助动词has，应填过去分词。故填contributed。57. To prepare effectively for the IELTS test, you should get p_ advice from a teacher. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】professional【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了有效地准备雅思考试，你应该从老师那里得到专业的建议。根据句意及所缺单词首字母可知应填professional，意为“专业的
86、”，形容词词性，在句中作定语修饰advice，“professional advice”意为“专业的建议”，符合句意。故填professional。58. Theyre encouraged to think p_about themselves and their future and never lose confidence and hope. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】positively【解析】【详解】考查副词。句意：他们被鼓励积极地思考自己和未来，永远不要失去信心和希望。副词positively意为“积极地”，修饰动词think作状语，故填positively。59. Her
87、husband was a man of good c_, well-liked and respected by his co-workers. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】character【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：她的丈夫性格很好，深受同事们的喜爱和尊敬。根据单词首字母以及句意可知应填名词character，表示“性格”，作宾语，character表示“性格”时为不可数名词。故填character。60. New p_ will be put forward to lock down the country again when the pandemic becomes wors
88、e. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】proposals /plans【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：当疫情恶化时，将提出新的建议/计划，再次封锁这个国家。根据句意及所缺单词首字母可知，空格处应填“proposal”，意为“提议”，为可数名词，也可填“plan”，意为“计划”，为可数名词，句中指提出新的提议或计划，符合句意。空格前无不定冠词修饰，故不止一项新计划被提出，应用可数名词的复数形式，proposal的复数形式为proposals，plan的复数形式为plans。故填proposals /plans。61. In the past few decades, hundreds of nov
89、elists have tried to copy Hemingways direct writing s_. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答案】style(s)【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：在过去的几十年里，数以百计的小说家试图复制海明威的直接写作风格。分析句子可知，设空处为动词copy的宾语，应用名词形式，根据首字母可推测是style，style意为“风格”，是可数名词，在本句中可以用单数也可以复数，故填style(s)。62. Cigarette smoking is r_for about 90% of the deaths from lung cancer. （根据首字母单词拼写）【答
90、案】responsible【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：肺癌死亡病例中，约90%是吸烟造成的。根据单词首字母以及句意“是的原因”，可知使用固定短语be responsible for，故填responsible。第四节: 根据句意和所给中文提示填空，每空一词 (共 5 小题; 每小题 1 分，满分 5 分)63. Some people prefer to_things_(充分考虑) on their own while others need to talk out loud to clarify their ideas. （根据汉语提示填空）【答案】 (1). think (2).
91、through【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：有的人喜欢自己充分考虑问题，而有的人则需要大声说话来明确自己的想法。根据汉语提示“充分考虑”可知短语为think sth. through，且上文为短语prefer to do sth.，可知应填动词原形。故填thinkthrough。64. Sometimes things dont_(结果是) fine as we think theyre going to. （根据汉语提示填空）【答案】turn out/work out【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：有时候，事情的发展并不像我们想象的那样顺利。根据汉语提示“结果是”可知应填短语tur
92、n out/work out，dont后接动词原形。故填turn out/work out。65. She doesnt think of the daring activities as taking a risk but rather_(利用) an opportunity. （根据汉语提示填空）【答案】taking advantage of/making use of【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意：她认为大胆的活动不是冒险，而是利用机会。此处与前面的taking a risk 并列用动名词短语作介词as的宾语。故填taking advantage of/making us
93、e of。66. Mojito is not only the perfect summer drink, but one that_you_(使想起) the sea and fresh air. （根据汉语提示填空）【答案】 (1). reminds (2). of【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：莫吉托不仅是完美的夏日饮品，还能让你想起大海和新鲜空气。根据汉语提示“使想起”可知短语为remind sb. of sth.，且根据上文is可知为一般现在时，谓语动词与one 保持一致，应用第三人称单数。故填remindsof。67. The 45-minute test, to be
94、taken on September 1,_(旨在) ensure that students get fully prepared to start the course. （根据汉语提示填空）【答案】is intended to【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：9月1日即将进行的那场45分钟的测试旨在确保学生们为开始课程做好了充分准备。根据所给句子和汉语提示可推出是短语be intended to do sth.“旨在做某事”，该词作为句子谓语，结合语境可知此处客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语test是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is intended to。第五节: 翻译句子(共
95、 5 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 10 分)68. 青少年的身心变化可能导致家庭紧张关系。(result)（汉译英）【答案】Teenagers physical and mental changes may result in family tensions.【解析】【详解】考查短语。根据汉语意思“身心变化”可知短语为physical and mental changes ；表示“导致”可知短语为 result in；表示“家庭紧张关系”可知短语为family tensions；且情态动词may后跟动词原形，故翻译为Teenagers physical and mental changes
96、may result in family tensions.69. 2007 年大城市的房价飞速增长。(shoot)（汉译英）【答案】In 2007, house prices shot up in big cities.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。根据汉语意思“飞速增长”可知短语为shoot up；表示“房价”可知短语为house prices，且结合语境可知应用一般过去时。故翻译为In 2007, house prices shot up in big cities.70. 建立在信任基础之上的关系是长久的。(base)（汉译英）【答案】The relationship (relati
97、onships) based on trust can last for a long time.【解析】【详解】考查短语时态和非谓语动词。根据提示可知，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；relationship“关系”为主语，此处没有明确说明单复数，故两者皆可以；last“持续”作为谓语；be based on“以.基础；建立在.上”作为relationship的后置定语，应去掉be；trust “信任”作为介词on的宾语。再结合其他汉语提示，故本句可译为：The relationship (relationships) based on trust can last for a long
98、time.71. 这次讨论集中在三个主要问题上。(focus)（汉译英）【答案】The discussion focused/focuses on three main problems.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和时态。分析句子可知，强调句子陈述的是客观事实时，句子为一般现在时；强调句子是过去发生的事情时，句子为一般过去时，句中涉及固定短语“focus on”，为动词短语，意为“关注，聚焦于”。句子主语为The discussion，用于一般现在时，谓语动词为focus on的第三人称单数形式focuses on，用于一般过去时，谓语动词为focus on的过去式focused on，宾语
99、为three main problems。故翻译为：The discussion focused/focuses on three main problems.72. 你应该设置清晰的目标，并平衡你的学业和其他活动。(balance)（汉译英）【答案】You should set a clear goal/clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities.【解析】【详解】考查词汇短语和时态。根据汉语提示可知，本句为一般现在时；主语为you，谓语动词是set “设置”和balance“平衡”，a clear goal“一个清晰的目标”或clear goals“清晰的目标”作为set的宾语，schoolwork“学业”和other activities“其他活动”作为balance.with.“平衡.和.”的宾语。结合其他汉语提示，故本句译为：You should set a clear goal/clear goals and balance your schoolwork with other activities.
