1、词义猜测题(一)A(2016洛阳统一考试)One winter, my cousin and I were playing toy blocks in the yard. My mom was out for shopping to get groceries and my dad was asleep upstairs in his room. Suddenly, it started to snow. First it was just a little. But then it started to pour heavily.Then, we put the finishing touc
2、hes to our blocks and headed back inside. Right when I opened the sliding glass door, my cousin fell down on the slippery wooden stairs. I let go of the door, my worst mistake, you see. The door locks automatically but I had put a rock, right next to the door so it wouldnt close. But while I was run
3、ning to my cousins aid Id accidentally kicked the rock.Now, my cousin and I were locked outside. And unfortunately it started to get really windy. It was really freezing with the snow. First we started to call my dad, but he was sleeping soundly. I mean, slept through a tornado soundly. It was of no
4、 use.Then I tried to climb over the fence but it didnt work because the fence was iced by snow and wind, and the fence is six feet high. So, I climbed up to my tree house and brainstormed some ideas on ways to get in. At one point, I was seriously considering jumping out of the tree house and using
5、the trampoline(蹦床) to jump over the fence.So, we got to work. First, I took out the trampoline. Then I started to jump. First tryI almost cracked my head. Second trythis time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second, he chickened_out. Third tryI jumped and missed but at the last second,
6、 my hand caught the fence, and with a lot of pushing I finally climbed over the fence and luckily, I fell on a big snowdrift.Then I got inside and unlocked the door for my cousin to get in. Finally, my mom came back. Then we shared this story to my mom and dad.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者与表弟在后院玩耍时突遇风雪天气，因意
7、外他们被锁在门外的经历。1When the author wanted to jump in, the main problem was that_Athe fence was icyBthe fence was slippery and highCthe trampoline couldnt bear the weightDthe trampoline was too small解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第四段的“Then I tried to climb over the fence but it didnt work because the fence was iced by snow
8、 and wind，and the fence is six feet high.”可知，作者之所以跳不过去是因为篱笆又高又滑，即B项正确。2The attitude of the authors cousin towards jumping on the trampoline seems_ApassiveBpositiveCindifferent Dobjective解析：选A。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“this time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second，he chickened_out”可知作者的表弟对作者的提
9、议持消极态度，即A项正确。3The words “chickened out” (in Paragraph 5) most probably mean “_”Afell down Bcried outCjumped up Dbacked out解析：选D。词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“this time I convinced my cousin to do it but at the last second，he chickened_out”中的convinced和but可知，作者说服了表弟，但在最后一秒钟表弟又打退堂鼓了，即D项正确。4Which would be the best tit
10、le of the text?AClimbing over the Fence in the SnowBAn Adventure in the YardCFriendship Produces PleasureDWe Are Independent解析：选B。标题归纳题。文章讲述的是作者与表弟在后院玩积木时突遇风雪天气，因意外他们被锁在门外时所采取的冒险行动，因此B项正确。B(2015北京东城区综合练习二)Your car is a necessary part of your life.You use it every day.Of course，you want to hold on to
11、 it so you make sure it has the latest alarm and immobilizer(汽车防盗器)But despite all these，cars like yours are still stolen every day.In fact，in this country，one car is stolen almost every minute！And if your car is stolen，you only have a 50：50 chance of seeing it again.Each year，car crime costs nearly
12、 3 billion.Of course，if youre insured，you wont lose out，or will you？Firstly，you will have to pay extra insurance later on，and then you may not be offered the full amount by the agent.You will probably have to hire a car and you will also lose the value of the contents and accessories(配件)in the car.N
13、ow comes the solution.An RAC Trackstar system，hidden in one of 47 possible secret locations(位置) in your car，is the key of our system.If your car is stolen，radio signals are sent at twentysecond intervals from the car to the RAC Trackstar National Control Center via a satellite network.Then a compute
14、r gives the vehicles exact location，speed and direction.The RAC Trackstar National Control Center，which operates 24 hours a day，365 days a year，will immediately inform the police in the area where the car is located.Because the police receive information every twenty seconds，they will always know th
15、e vehicles location.Once the thief has been arrested，your car will be returned to you.RAC Trackstar is unique in being able to provide the National Control Center with details of the exact location of your car，its speed and direction.And speed is the key to successful recovery of a stolen vehicle.RA
16、C Trackstar Control will immediately tell the police if you report your car stolen and under the 24hour Guardian Option.It will also tell you if your car has been stolen.RAC Trackstars constant updates mean the police are kept informed of the cars location.All these greatly improve your chances of s
17、eeing your car again.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种汽车防盗系统RAC Trackstar。5If your car is stolen，you will have to _Ahire a new carBpay more insuranceCbuy a RAC Trackstar systemDinform the National Control Center解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第三句中的“Firstly，you will have to pay extra insurance later on”可知，如果你的车被盗了，你会付更多的保险费用。
18、故选B。6The Trackstar system can tell the police _Awhere the car isBhow the car is stolenCwho the thief isDwhat brand the car is解析：选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“RAC Trackstars constant updates mean the police are kept informed of the cars location.”可知，如果你的车被盗了，RAC Trackstar会提供车的具体位置给警方。故选A。7The underlined word “It
19、” in the last paragraph refers to _Athe local police stationBthe Guardian OptionCthe insurance companyDthe RAC Trackstar Control解析：选D。指代判断题。根据画线词所在句中的“also”和上一句可知，“It”应指“RAC Trackstar Control”。故选D。8According to the passage，people with RAC Trackstar _Aare more likely to get the stolen cars backBhave
20、less chance of being in an accidentCseldom get their vehicles damagedDautomatically find directions解析：选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“All these greatly improve your chances of seeing your car again.”可知，拥有RAC Trackstar的人找到自己被盗的车的机会更大。故选A。C(2016齐鲁名校高三第一次联考)Wikipedia is a freeaccess，free content Internet encyclope
21、dia (百科全书)，supported and hosted by the nonprofit Wikipedia Foundation.Wikipedia is ranked among the ten most popular websites and is considered the Internets largest and most popular general reference book.Now，Wikipedia is becoming Wookiepedia as scientists hope the informative website will help us
22、reach out to intelligent life forms.So aliens can learn about the human race.Astronomers would like to beam (播送) the entire contents of Wikipedia into space in the hope of contacting aliens.They want to send messages to hundreds of star systems and planets 20 light years away using radio telescopes.
23、The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute，in California，wants to use powerful radio telescopes to try to reach Chewbacca and his mates in a galaxy (银河系) far away.The plans will be discussed by astronomers at the weekend as some scientists fear the reply from ET might not turn out to be
24、friendly.Institute scientist David Black said，“One question is if there are dangerous creatures we might be drawing their attention to ourselves.Another is if we go ahead，what message should be sent？There could be many civilizations out there，but if they are all listening and no one is broadcasting
25、or responding，then nothing will happen.”Professor Stephen Hawking，who has warned that intelligent aliens probably exist and we should keep a safe distance from them，is among those“If aliens visit us，the outcome would be much as when Columbus landed in America which didnt turn out well for the Native
26、 Americans，”he said.Signals from Earths radio and TV broadcasts have been heading out in space for some 60 years reaching around 5，000 stars.【解题导语】维基百科要变身星战维基了。科学家向外星文明发送维基百科，希望这个百科似的网站能帮助外星文明了解地球，帮助我们联系外星人。9Wikipedia is becoming Wookiepedia because_Awe human beings intend to help and save aliensBsc
27、ientists wish to explore other planets similar to the earthCastronomers hope to get in touch with aliensDaliens might fight against the human race解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句和第二段的第一句可知应选C。10What does the underlined word those in the fourth paragraph refer to?AAliens from space.BAstronomers sending signals.
28、CScientists for the plans.DScientists against the plans.解析：选D。代词指代题。根据第三、四段可知有些科学家害怕外星人的反馈可能并不友好，霍金教授也在其中。因此，“those”应该指代反对这项计划的科学家。11What has Prof.Stephen Hawking warned?AIntelligent aliens would probably land in America.BThe plans will be in vain and nothing will happen.CNone of the civilizations w
29、ould reply.DAliens would bring disasters to the human race.解析：选D。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，如果外星人访问我们，后果很可能会像哥伦布到达美洲时对土著美洲人那样给他们带来灾难。12Which can be the best title?AWikipedia，the most popular websiteBWikipedia to be beamed into spaceCWikipedia，alienss best friendDWikipedia to result in a disaster解析：选B。标题归纳题
30、。B项能概括全文，含主旨关键词：播放、太空。故选B。词义猜测题(二)A(2015江西赣州高三摸底考试)PangaeaScientists in the early 1900s put forward the continental drift theory(大陆漂移说)They said that a great number of years ago，the seven continents we know today were a single，giant continent.A scientist named Alfred Wegener named it Pangaea.The nam
31、e Pangaea comes from the Greek phrase for “all Earth”The theorys timeline went against popular belief that Earth was only a few thousand years old.People wanted to believe that God had created Earth rather than the forces of nature.Wegener argued in favor of the continental drift theory in 1920.Pang
32、aea was a Cshaped landform that was spread across the equator(赤道)The large body of water within the crescent(月牙形) was called the Tethys Sea.The vast ocean that flowed around the continent was called Panthalassa.The area of Pangaea would have been very vast.Inland regions would have been extremely dr
33、y from a lack of water.Animals could migrate freely from the North to the South Poles.It is believed that the breakup of Pangaea began about 180 million years ago.This happened in the Jurassic Period.Over many millions of years，it broke into the seven continents as we know them today.The first stage
34、 of the breakup began about 180 million years ago.This change started when a large fault line(断层线) split.Activity would have started through earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.A gap was created through Pangaea that stretched from the Tethys Ocean to the east.This took place between what is now North
35、 America and Africa.The first split created two smaller continents.The southern one is known as Gondwana and the northern one Laurasia.Then another breakup began about 150 to 140 million years ago.At this time，the minor continent of Gondwana broke into four continents.These became Africa，South Ameri
36、ca，India，and Australia.The final stage of the breakup was about 60 to 55 million years ago.North America broke free from Eurasia.This opened up the Norwegian Sea.But the supporters of this theory also say that Pangaea was not the first giant continent.The earliest possible giant continent is Columbi
37、a supercontinent.Scientists think it existed between 1.8 and 1.5 billion years ago.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，主要介绍了“大陆漂移说”的提出者、提出时间及内容。1What did Pangaea look like?AIt was shaped like a C.BIt was shaped like a ball.CIt looked like the moon.DIt looked like Panthalassa.解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Pangaea was a Cshaped
38、landform that was spread.”可知，泛大陆(Pangaea)的形状看起来像字母C。故答案选A。2What can be inferred about the drift theory?AIt was a little bit absurd.BIt was very controversial.CIt came from Greek.DIt was popular in 1900s.解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第一、二段内容可知，当Alfred Wegener提出“大陆漂移说”时，该学说与人们当时的观点大相径庭(那时人们普遍认为地球仅仅存在了几千年而已，而且是上帝创造了地球
39、)。故答案选B。3The underlined word “This” refers to _Athe Tethys OceanBthe PangaeaCthe gap Dthe east解析：选C。指代判断题。根据“This”前一句“A gap was created through Pangaea that stretched from the.”可知，由于地震和火山爆发，在泛大陆上裂开了一道从古地中海延伸到东部的缺口(gap)，这个缺口就存在于现在的北美洲和非洲之间。故“This”指代前面提到的缺口(gap)。故答案选C。4From the text we know that _Athe
40、re were three major stages in the breakup of PangaeaBColumbia supercontinent caused the breakup of PangaeaCthe continental drift theory was named after Alfred WegenerDthe seven continents appeared before the Jurassic Period解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第五段第四句中“The first stage of the breakup began about”，倒数第六句“Then
41、another breakup began about 150 to 140 million years ago.”以及该段倒数第三句“The final stage of the breakup was about 60 to 55 million years ago.”可知，泛大陆经历了三次大断裂。故答案选A。B(2015太原二模)Washington：NASA has announced evidence that Jupiters largest moon，Ganymede，has a saltwater ocean under its icy surface.The ocean se
42、ems to have more water than all the water on Earths surface，according to new Hubble observations.New Hubble observations of Ganymedes magnetic field strongly suggest that the moon，which is the largest in our whole solar system，is home to a subsurface ocean.Scientists estimate that the ocean is 95 ki
43、lometres thick，which is about 10 times deeper than Earths oceans.But unlike our salty waters，Ganymedes ocean is buried under 150 kilometres of ice.While scientists have speculated(推测) since the 1970s about the presence of an ocean on Ganymedethe largest moon in our solar systemuntil now the only obs
44、ervational evidence came from a brief flyby by the Galileo spacecraft，which didnt observe the moon long enough to confirm a liquid ocean.This discovery marks an important milestone，highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish.In its 25 years in orbit，Hubble has made many scientific discoveries in ou
45、r own solar system.A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.Scientists_have_already_confirmed_the_existence_of_an_ocean_on_Europa，another moon orbiting Jupiter，and NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching
46、 for the life that might come with liquid water.Hubble is a telescope that orbits Earth，but because of its impressive gravitational analyses it can be used to study the inside of far distant planets.Using these same principles，scientists could theoretically detect oceans on distant exoplanets as wel
47、l.【解题导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。NASA证实木星的最大卫星Ganymede上有海洋，这一发现再次拓宽了科学家的视野，使探寻太阳系内地球以外的生命的努力更进一步。5What can we learn about Ganymede from the passage?AIt is a planet with the largest moon in our whole solar system.BIts ocean adds to peoples excitement about life beyond Earth.CIt will be used by NASA as a base for th
48、e Hubble telescope.DIts liquid ocean was first proved by the Galileo spacecraft.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“A deep ocean under the icy surface of Ganymede opens up further exciting possibilities for life beyond Earth.”可知，木星卫星上海洋的存在激发了人们探索地球以外的生命的热情。故选B项。6Which of the following best describes the writers a
49、ttitude towards Hubble?ACautious. BDoubtful.CNegative. DFavourable.解析：选D。推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“This discovery marks an important milestone，highlighting what only Hubble can accomplish.”可知，这次里程碑式的发现只有哈勃望远镜能够完成，由此可推知，作者对哈勃望远镜持支持态度。故选D项。7What does the underlined part in Paragraph 6 mean?AAn underground ocean
50、has been found in Europa.BThe presence of an underground ocean in Europa is not possible.CIt is now certain that there is an ocean on Europa.DNo evidence has shown the existence of an ocean on Europa.解析：选C。句意理解题。根据第六段中的“and NASA has announced plans to send an unmanned mission there searching for the
51、 life that might come with liquid water”可知，因为Europa上有水存在，NASA才宣布要在Europa上搜寻地外生命；由此可推知，画线句意为：科学家们已经证实Europa上存在海洋。故选C项。8What type of writing does this passage belong to?AA term essay.BA news report.CAn experiment report.DAn exploration review.解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第一段“Washington：NASA has announced evidence.”及
52、文章内容可推知，本文为一篇新闻报道。故选B项。C(2016河南六市第一次联考)At an outdoor restaurant，a cockroach(蟑螂)flew in and landed on a woman.She started screaming out of fear；with a panic stricken face and trembling voice，she started jumping，with both her hands desperately trying to get rid of the cockroach.Her reaction was spread
53、ing，as everyone in her group also got into a panic.The woman finally managed to flick the cockroach away but it landed on a man in the group who continued the drama.In the relay of throwing，the cockroach next fell upon a waitress who had rushed to their rescue.The waitress stood firm，calmed herself
54、and observed the behavior of the cockroach on her blouse.When she was confident enough，she grabbed it and threw it out of the restaurant.Sipping my coffee and watching the amusement，I started wondering：Was the cockroach responsible for their funny behavior？If so，then why was the waitress not disturb
55、ed？She handled the situation to near perfection，without panic.It was not the cockroach，but the inability of the customers to handle the disturbance caused by the cockroach that disturbed them.I realized that its not the shouting of my children or my boss or my wife that disturbs me，but my inability
56、to handle the disturbances caused by their shouting.Its not the traffic jams on the road that disturb me，but my inability to handle the disturbance caused by the traffic jam.More than the problem，its my reaction to the problem that creates chaos in my life.I understood.I should not react in life.I s
57、hould always respond.The customers reacted，whereas the waitress responded.Reactions are always instinctive(本能的)while responses tend to be well thought out.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一只蟑螂出现在饭店里引起了消费者的恐慌，服务员冷静地捉住蟑螂，将其扔了出去。作者通过这个故事旨在告诉人们：遇到问题时要积极地应对。9What happened in the outdoor restaurant?AA cockroach was found
58、 in a womans food and then a man found the same problem.BA cockroach appearing in the restaurant caused a state of panic among the customers.CA cockroach rushed the waitress into apologizing to the customers.DA woman and a man were trying to rescue the waitress from the cockroach.解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的
59、“At an outdoor restaurant，a cockroach(蟑螂)flew in and landed on a woman.She started screaming out of fear.as everyone in her group also got into a panic.”可知，出现在饭店里的蟑螂在一些消费者中引起了恐慌。故答案选B。10According to the passage，if you ran into a traffic jam，you might _ in your car.Acomplain your delayBfeel upset and
60、 annoyedCrelax yourself by listening to musicDexpect someone to clear the road解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Reactions are always instinctive(本能的)while responses tend to be well thought out.”可知，反应总是本能而对策往往是经过深思熟虑的。因此遇到交通堵塞时，在车里听音乐是一种对策。故答案选C。11Whats the meaning of the underlined word?AConfusion. BSuccess.CP
61、overty. DHarmony.解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句“Its not the traffic jams on the road that disturb me，but my inability to handle the disturbance caused by the traffic jam.”可推知，chaos与“disturbance”意思相近，意为“混乱”。故答案选A。12What does the passage tell us?ASpeak less，do more!BActions speak louder than words!CMind your manners while in a restaurant!DDont react just from your feelings；respond positively!解析：选D。主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“I should not react in life.I should always respond.”可知，作者写这篇文章是想告诫读者遇到困难时要积极冷静应对，而不是只做些本能的反应。故答案选D。
