1、广东省梅州市五华县2018-2019学年高一英语上学期质量监测试题（四）（含解析）满分：135分 时间：120分钟第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （A、B、C）三篇短文共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B和C）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhether youre a boy or a girl and whether youre a freshman or a senior, developing the following skills will help you achieve success in school
2、and in life.Time management. There are just 24 hours in each day. What you do with that time makes all the difference. While high-school students have an average of 35 hours per week of class time, college students have an average of 15 to 18 hours per week. Manage your free time wisely and youll ma
3、ke full use of each day.Good study habits. If youve got them, its great. If not, theres still time to develop them. Good study habits include the following: Always be prepared for class, and attend classes regularly. No cutting! Finish homework in a timely manner. Review your notes daily rather than
4、 study for tests the night before. Set aside quiet time each day for study, even if you dont have homework or a test the next day!Good note-taking. You cant possibly set down everything the teacher says since we talk at a pace of about 225 words per minute. But, you do need to set down the important
5、 material. Note-taking should be in a way thats the most helpful to you. You can try writing notes on different colored cards. If you really have a problem with note-taking, you might ask your teacher if you can record daily lessons. Do whatever it takes!Review of daily notes. Dont wait until the ni
6、ght before the test to review your notes. Go over your notes each day while the lecture is still fresh in your mind. Add any missing pieces. Compare your notes with a classmates notes. Review your notes each day to improve your learning and build towards your final goal: mastery of the subject or sk
7、ill.1. If you want to make good use of each day, you should_.A. achieve success in school and in lifeB. deal with your free time in a wise wayC. develop good study habits earlierD. set aside some quiet time for study2. If you want to form good study habits, you should_.A. get them as early as you ca
8、nB. study for tests the night beforeC. set down all the teacher saysD. go over your notes every day3. What is the main advantage of reviewing of daily notes?A. To help write down the important material.B. To solve the problem with note-taking timely.C. To help you to master the subject greatly.D. To
9、 add any missing pieces to your notes.【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了有助于你在学习和生活中取得成功的几项技能。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Time management部分中的“Manage your free time wisely and youll make full use of each day.”可知，合理安排你的空闲时间，你就能充分利用每一天，也就是说，如果你想好好利用每一天，你应该合理安排你的空闲时间，故B项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Good study habits.部分中的“ Review
10、your notes daily rather than study for tests the night before.”可知，良好的学习习惯包括每天都要复习笔记，而不是直到考试前一天晚上才为开始准备，也就是说，如果你想养成良好的学习习惯，你应该每天复习笔记，故D项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Review of daily notes部分中的“Review your notes each day to improve your learning and build towards your final goal: mastery of the subject or skill.”可知
11、，通过每天复习笔记来提高你的学习成绩，并朝着你的最终目标迈进：精通这门学科或技能，由此可知，每天复习笔记的最大好处是帮助你更好地掌握这门学科，故C项正确。BWorld-famous violinist Itzhak Perlman was stricken with polio(小儿麻痹) as a child. As a result, he wears races(轮槽) on both legs and walks with the aid of crutches. At concerts, getting on stage is no small achievement for him
12、. He slowly crosses the stage until he reaches his chair. He lays his crutches on the floor, slowly undoes the clasps(扣环)on his legs, puts one foot backward and extends the other one forward. Then he bends down and picks up the violin, puts it under his chin, nods to the conductor, and starts to pla
13、y.One fall evening in 1995, while performing at Avery Fisher Hall at Lincoln Center in New York City, Perlman had to deal with one additional trouble. Jack Reimer, a famous reporter with the Houston Chronicle, described the scene. “Just as he finished the first few bars, one of the strings on his vi
14、olin broke. You could hear the sound go off like gunfire across the room. There was no mistaking what that sound meant.”There was no mistaking what he had to do. People who were there said, “We figured he would have to get upto either find another violin or find another string for this one.”But he d
15、idnt. Instead he waited a moment, closed his eyes, and then signaled the conductor to begin again .The band and he played from where he had left off. He played with enthusiasm and power.Of course, it is important to play a symphonic work with just three strings. But that night Itzhak Perlman refused
16、 to know that. You could see him modulate(调音), change, recompose the piece in his head. At one point, it sounded like he was turning the strings to get new sounds they had never made before.4. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1 mean?A. Its a piece of cake for Perlman to perform on the
17、stage.B. Its not easy for Perlman to get on the stage.C. Perlman has achieved great success on the stage.D. Perlman has small achievements on the stage.5. How did the string break?A. It only broke by accident.B. Perlman broke the string because he was too excited.C. A gunfire from somewhere in the r
18、oom broke it.D. It was broken by the few bars.6. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Perlman_.A. pretended not to know that the string was broken.B. thought nothing was impossibleC. was a very proud manD. showed his self-confidence in time of trouble【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。世界著名小提琴演
19、奏家Itzhak Perlman自幼患有小儿麻痹，可他依然克服重重困难上台表演，给世人带来了音乐方面的享受。文章主要记叙了他在1995年一个秋天晚上演出时，琴弦偶然断了，他便用三根琴弦演奏的事情。【4题详解】句意猜测题。根据上文World-famous violinist Itzhak Perlman was stricken with polio(小儿麻痹) as a child. As a result, he wears races (辊道、轮槽) on both legs and walks with the aid of crutches (拐杖).可知，Itzhak Perlman
20、从小得了小儿麻痹症，走路靠滑轮和拐杖，因此走路不便，可以推知，登台表演对于这样一个残疾人来说是很不容易的。由此可知，划线句子意思为“对Perlman来说，登上舞台是不容易的”。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段One fall evening in 1995, while performing at Avery Fisher Hall at Lincoln Center in New York City, Perlman had to deal with one additional trouble.Just as he finished the first few bars, one
21、 of the strings on his violin broke.可知1995年一个秋天的晚上，Perlman在纽约市林肯中心的艾弗里费希尔音乐厅表演时，还得处理另外一个问题。他刚演奏完前几小节，小提琴上的一根弦断了。由此可推知，弦只是偶然坏掉的。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中But that night Itzhak Perlman refused to know that. You could see him modulate(调音), change, recompose the piece in his head. At one point, it sounded
22、like he was turning the strings to get new sounds they had never made before.可知但那天晚上，Itzhak Perlma就感觉好像什么也没发生。你可以看到他在脑海中调整，改变，重新组合乐曲。有一段时间，听起来好像他在转动琴弦，发出从未发出过的新声音。由此可推知，Perlman在琴弦断后，没有换琴或者换弦，而是用三根琴弦继续演奏，困境中表现出了自信。故选D。CChina, endowed with rich agricultural resources, has a long history of farming. Th
23、e traditional farming practice with intensive(精细的) cultivation(耕作) as its essence is one of the most important achievements of the human civilization. The development of agriculture and rural areas in China is faced with many problems. The Chinese government has made a number of important policies a
24、nd measures to cause a faster growth of farmers income and narrow the ever enlarging income gap between rural and urban residents as soon as possible mainly through finishing a strategy of balanced social and economic development. Well give top priority in all work to solving problems facing agricul
25、ture, farmers and rural areas, focusing on the following seven aspects.Firstly well promote faster increase of farmers income. Secondly well protect and increase the overall capacity of grain production. Thirdly we will continue to promote strategic restructuring of agriculture. Fourthly well active
26、ly promote progress in agro-science and enhance work of agricultural high-tech and key research programs, and increase its reserve level. Fifthly well further open agriculture to the outside world and actively develop agricultural trade with other countries. Sixthly well speed up the transfer of rur
27、al labors and develop rural secondary and tertiary(第三的) industries. Seventhly well continue to deepen rural reforms.Priorities(优先权) will be placed on reform of rural land system, tax and administrative charges, grain distribution system and rural financial system. However, agricultural development h
28、as difficult tasks and a long way to go. The road ahead is by no means smooth. Nevertheless , Chinas agriculture will give full play to its advantages, overcome any difficulties, enter a new stage of development and match towards a brighter new future in the new century!7. Whats the Chinas ancient c
29、ivilization?A. The rich agricultural resources.B. The intensive cultivation.C. The capacity of grain production.D. The strategy of balanced development.8. What does the underlined word “enhance ” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. weakenB. designC. strengthenD. effect9. What policy do you think is the most impo
30、rtant?A. Promoting faster increase of farmers income.B. Protecting the capacity of grain production.C. Promoting strategic restructuring of agriculture.D. Continuing to deepen rural reforms.10. What kind of future does China have?A. The future road ahead is smooth.B. Chinas advantages can not overco
31、me any difficulty.C. China wont enter a new stage of reform.D. China will have a brighter future.【答案】7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国农业的特点，中国农业和农村发展面临的问题，以及中国政府制定的七项政策和措施，以促进农民收入增长，并缩小城乡收入的差距。虽然中国农业发展任务艰巨，但还是能克服困难，发挥优势以实现更好的未来。7题详解】细节理解题。第一段第一句提到中国有着悠久的农业历史。第二句提到“The traditional farming pract
32、ice with intensive(精细的) cultivation(耕作) as its essence is one of the most important achievements of the human civilization”以精细化栽培为精华的传统耕作方式是人类文明最重要的成果之一。由此判断，中国古代文明是精细化栽培。故选B。【8题详解】词意猜测题。第二段第四点中提到“Fourthly well actively promote progress in agro-science and enhance work of agricultural high-tech and
33、key research programs, and increase its reserve level.”中promote和increase意为“提高”，连词and应连接词义相近的词或句子，由此判断，enhance也应表示“提高”之意。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。第一段第三句提到“The Chinese government has made a number cause a faster growth of farmers income and narrow the ever enlarging income gap between rural and urban residents
34、 as soon as possible mainly through finishing a strategy of balanced social and economic development.”中国政府制定的政策要促进农民收入快速增长，缩小城乡居民收入的差距。而且最后一句提到“Well give top priority in all work to solving problems facing agriculture, farmers and rural areas, focusing on the following seven aspects.”把解决农业、农民和农村面临的问
35、题放在第一位。由此判断，提高农民收入快速增长应该这些政策中最重要的一步。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。最后一段最后一句提到“Chinas agriculture will give full play to its advantages, overcome any difficulties, enter a new stage of development and match towards a brighter new future in the new century! ”中国的农业将充分发挥其自身的优势，克服困难，进入新的发展阶段，并在新世纪实现更美好的新未来。由此判断，中国将会有一
36、个更加光明的未来。故选D。第二节 七选五 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中七选五有两项为多余选项。The rules of surfing the InternetDo you obey the rules while surfing the Internet?Your Security Is Your ProblemYou know there are signs in every parking garage saying theyre not responsible for lost or stolen items in
37、 your vehicle. _11_Youre Speaking in n Public Forum(论坛)Everything you post online is equal to posting it on the front page of the newspaper and delivering it to everyone around you. Some people may agree, and some may disagree. You may even strike a chord(引起共鸣)with enough people to start a movement.
38、 _12_Only say online what youre willing to say in front of your grandma._13_The content of your posts matters but so does where youre posting. The audience of a particular website may not agree with your particular message (or at least with the way youre presenting it), so be careful where you post.
39、Keep It CivilFreedom of speech is important-everyone should have the right to say what they want, and a few people who abuse this freedom cant affect anyone. _14_This doesnt mean there arent consequences to your words, however, so do with caution. Put forth the effort to be polite whether online or
40、off.You Should Be AnonymousAnonymity(匿名)sounds like what some crazy hacker groups fill, but its not. _15_The reason why we all support Anonymity is that we believe every human being deserves the basic human right of being anonymous. You should be anonymous too.A. You can say whatever you want.B. Whe
41、ther You Agree or Not, Majority Rules.C. The Internet works the same way.D. Anonymity is an ideal supported by grown and successful adults and inventors in every industry.E. Its Not Just What You Post, but Where.F. Youll never clean up the Internet, and its not even worth trying.G. You cant control
42、what people do with your message, but you can control your message.【答案】11. C 12. G 13. E 14. A 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种上网时需要遵循的规则。如果按照这些规则，那么在网络上你就是安全的。【11题详解】上文You know there are signs in every parking garage saying theyre not responsible for lost or stolen items in your vehicle.(你知道在每一个停车场都会有一些标志，
43、上面写着如果车里的东西被盗与它们无关)与C. The Internet works the same way.(网络也是如此)承接自然，上下文结合在一起表达的意思是：如果你的信息被盗，网络是不会负责任的，故选C项。【12题详解】下文Only say online what youre willing to say in front of your grandma.(只在网络上说你愿意当着祖母面说的那些话)与G. You cant control what people do with your message, but you can control your message.(你不能控制别人
44、对你的信息做什么，但你控制你的信息)承接自然，下文所提到的，就是控制自己所发布信息的方法，故选G项。【13题详解】根据下文的The content of your posts matters, but so does where youre posting. (你公布的内容很重要，同时你在什么地方公布也很重要)可知，本段主要讲述公布信息的内容和地方同等重要。E. Its Not Just What You Post, but Where.(不仅是你公布的内容，还有公布的地方)可以作为本段小标题，故选E项。【14题详解】下文This doesnt mean there arent consequ
45、ences to your words, however, so do with caution.(然而，这并不意味着你所说的话没有什么后果，因此要谨慎)与A. You can say whatever you want.(你可以想说什么就说什么)承接自然，上下文构成明显的转折关系，且下文的this就指代选项内容，故选A项。【15题详解】上文Anonymity sounds like what some crazy hacker groups fill, but its not.(匿名听起来有点像是某种疯狂的黑客组织，但它不是)与D. Anonymity is an ideal support
46、ed by grown and successful adults and inventors in every industry.(匿名是一个受到每个行业的成功人士和发明家的支持的想法)承接自然，上下文话题一致，anonymity是关键词，故选D项。第二部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分75分）第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Farming and GardeningAgriculture has a long history in China. Muc
47、h of the wisdom_16_by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today. One of Chinas early_17_scientists was Jia Sixie, who lived in the sixth century AD. He spent his time doing_18_into agriculture. He collected information, studied it, did experiments and learned from the_
48、19_of farmers.Around 540 A.D., he wrote a book called Qimin Yaoshu. The book is about both farming and_20_. It includes advice on the following_21_ : growing green vegetables and fruit trees, keeping animals, and fish in lakes. There are also_22_for making wine. Jia Sixies book is a(n)_23_guide for
49、farming. Firstly, as a farmer you should do things at the right time of the year. If you sow seeds and_24_young plants in the fields at the correct time of the year, your work will be less and_25_will be better. But if you_26_nature, and do things at the wrong time of the year, you will have to do m
50、ore work and the results will not be so good. The_27_of the soil is also very important. Examine the soil on your farm_28_. If the condition of your soil is not good, you should improve it. Before sowing or planting crops, you must clean rough ground and_29_weeds. Let sheep or cows walk on the land
51、to_30_the weeds or eat them. The best harvest is reached when farmers_31_the crops in their fields. For example, do not plant rice_32_in the same field. But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will_33_good crops. Other scientists said that wheat should be
52、planted with_34_between the plants, but Jia did experiments and_35_that planting wheat close together is better.16. A. discoveredB. recoveredC. reportedD. repeated17. A. industrialB. agriculturalC. culturalD. article18. A. searchB. researchC. experimentD. movement19. A. adventuresB. advantagesC. tra
53、ditionD. experience20. A. nursingB. gardeningC. produceD. trade21. A. programsB. topicsC. subjectsD. events22. A. instructionsB. constructionsC. measuresD. treasures23. A. economicalB. practicalC. similarD. regular24. A. dropB. increaseC. growD. throw25. A. dreamsB. endingC. hopeD. results26. A. arg
54、ue againstB. go againstC. compete withD. deal with27. A. applicationB. situationC. conditionD. addition28. A. successfullyB. carefullyC. graduallyD. frequently29. A. removeB. pullC. killD. reduce30. A. destroyB. preventC. divideD. limit31. A. keepB. improveC. manageD. change32. A. one after anotherB
55、. here and thereC. now and thenD. year after year33. A. winB. collectC. harvestD. plant34. A. holesB. linesC. spaceD. balance35. A. showedB. meantC. intendedD. decided【答案】16. A 17. B 18. B 19. D 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A【解析】这是一篇说明
56、文。文章主要介绍了我国古代科学家贾思勰对我国古代农业的研究和贡献。他的耕种方法对我国古代农业起了重要的指导作用。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：早期中国科学家发现的许多智慧，至今仍对农民和园丁有用。A. discovered发现；B. recovered恢复；C. reported报道；D. repeated重复。结合上文Much of the wisdom可知此处指早期的中国科学家发现（discovered）的许多智慧对农民和园艺家仍然是有用的。故选A。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活在公元6世纪的贾思勰是中国早期的农业科学家之一。A. industrial工业的；B. a
57、gricultural农业的；C. cultural文化的；D. article文章。结合后文into agriculture可知此处指.贾思勰是我国古代的农业科学家。故选B。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他花时间研究农业。A. search搜寻；B. research研究；C. experiment试验；D. movement活动。结合后文He collected information, studied it, did experiments可知贾思勰花时间来研究农业。故选B。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他收集资料，研究资料，做实验，向农民学习经验。A. adventur
58、es冒险；B. advantages优势；C. tradition传统；D. experience经验，经历。结合后文of farmers可知贾思勰向农民学习农业经验。故选D。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书是关于农业和园艺的。A. nursing护理；B. gardening种植，园艺；C. produce生产；D. trade贸易。根据后面的growing green vegetables and fruit trees, keeping animals, and fish in lakes可知，这本书是关于农业和园艺。故选B。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括以下课
59、题的建议：种植绿色蔬菜和果树，饲养动物和在湖里钓鱼。A. programs程序；B. topics主题；C. subjects课题，科目；D. events事件。本句的下文介绍一些具体的课题，如种菜、养动物等。因此此处为“课题（subjects）”。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有关于酿酒的说明。A. instructions说明；B. constructions建筑物；C. measures措施；D. treasures宝物。结合后文for making wine可知指也有酿酒的说明。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：贾思勰的书是一本实用的农业指南。A. ec
60、onomical经济的；B. practical实用的，实际的；C. similar相似的；D. regular定期的。结合后文介绍书的内容可知，贾思勰这本关于农业种植的书里有许多实用的知识，是一本实用的农业指南。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中的正确时间播种和在地里种植幼苗，工作投入少，而结果将会好。A. drop落下；B. increase增加；C. grow种植，生长；D. throw扔。根据后文young plants可知此处指“种植幼苗”grow young plants。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中的正确时间播种和在地里种
61、植幼苗，工作投入少，而结果将会好。A. dreams梦想；B. ending结束；C. hope希望；D. results结果。与前文的work相对，此处指结果。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是如果你违背自然规律，在错误的时间做事，你就得做更多的工作，结果就不那么好了。A. argue against反对；B. go against违背；C. compete with与竞争；D. deal with处理。but表示转折，说明本句说明的是违背（go against）自然规律进行农业耕作的情况。故选B。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：土壤状况也很重要。A. applicat
62、ion应用；B. situation情况；C. condition状况，条件；D. addition增加。结合后文If the condition of your soil is not good, you should improve it.可知本句说明的是土壤状况也很重要。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：仔细检查你农场的土壤。A. successfully成功地；B. carefully仔细地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. frequently频繁地。前句指出土壤状况十分重要，本句说明要细心、仔细检查土壤。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在播种或种植作物
63、之前，你必须平整土地并清除杂草。A. remove清除，移动；B. pull拉；C. kill杀死；D. reduce减少。结合常识，在播种或种植作物之前，必须平整土地并清除杂草。后文说明让羊或牛在地上走也是为了除草。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让羊或牛在地上走，消灭杂草或吃掉它们。A. destroy消灭，破坏；B. prevent阻止；C. divide分开；D. limit限制。让牛羊在地里走就是为了消灭（destroy）杂草。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当农民在他们的田地里改变作物时，就能获得最好的收成。A. keep保持；B. improve改善；
64、C. manage管理；D. change改变。根据下句中“do not plant ricein the same field”可知农作物要改变着种植。故选D。【32题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：例如，不要在同一块地里年复一年地种植水稻。A. one after another一个接一个地；B. here and there到处；C. now and then偶尔；D. year after year年复一年。承接上文说明要变换着种植农作物，那么意思就是不在同一块地里年复一年地种同一种庄稼。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你今年在一块田里种水稻，明年在田里种小麦，你就会收
65、获好收成。A. win赢得；B. collect收集；C. harvest收获，丰收；D. plant种植。结合后文good crops可知如果每年换种不同的庄稼就会收获（harvest）好收成。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，种植小麦时，株与株之间要留有空间，但贾思勰做了实验，结果表明小麦种植在一起比较好。A. holes洞；B. lines线；C. space空间；D. balance平衡。结合后文planting wheat close together is better可推知，其他科学家说的是种植小麦时，株与株之间要留有空间，但是贾思勰的实验结果表明了小麦
66、种植在一起比较好。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，小麦应该在植株之间间隔种植，但贾思勰做了实验，结果表明小麦种植在一起比较好。A. showed表明；B. meant意味着；C. intended打算；D. decided决定。本句的开头是“but Jia did experiments”因此后半句是实验结果“证明，表明”。故选A。第二节 课文填空(共20小题；每小题l分，满分20分)阅读下面文段，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置上。Nobody before Jane f
67、ully understood chimp_36_(behave). She spent years observing and recording their_37_(day) activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals_38_their own environment. _39_, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was_40_(usual) for a woman to live in the fores
68、t. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months_41_(be) she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was_42_chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and
69、nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group_43_(hunt) a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered_44_chimps communicate with each other, and her study_45_their body language helped her work out their social system.【答案】36. behaviour 37. daily 38. in 39. However 40. unusual 41. was 42. that 43.
70、 hunting 44. how 45. of【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名的动物学家珍妮古道尔研究黑猩猩的部分历程和她有关黑猩猩的一些发现。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：在Jane之前没有人能完全理解黑猩猩的行为。空白处与chimp一起构成understood的宾语，需要一个名词，要用behavior表示“行为”。故填behaviour。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：她花了很多年来观察、记录黑猩猩的日常活动。分析句子可知，空白处作定语修饰activities，需要一个形容词，要用daily表示“日常的”。故填daily。【38题详解】考查介词。句意：从孩提时起，她就想着在动物们的环
71、境中和它们一起工作。“在的环境中”要用介词in搭配environment。故填in。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，这并不容易。从下文内容来看，这里的句意要表示一种转折的逻辑关系，且空白处置于句首，要用however表示“然而”。故填However。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：当她1960年第一次来到贡贝时，对一个女性来说居住在丛林中是很不寻常的。从常理和下一句描述的生活状况来推断，显然作为女性独自一人在丛林中生活并不是寻常的事，要用unusual表示“不寻常的”。故填unusual。【41题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：只有在她的母亲过来帮她度过了前几个月后，她才被允许开始自己的项
72、目。分析句子可知，这里是only强调状语置于句首，要使用部分倒装，即可将句子还原为“she (be) allowed”，显然正常语序下这里是被动语态，而动作发生在过去，要用一般过去时。故填was。【42题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：例如，她发现了一件重要的事黑猩猩会捕猎、吃肉。分析句子结构可知，空白处前句缺少表语，而后句成分完整，应该是前句的表语从句，且为一般性的陈述内容，要用that来引导。故填that。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她确实观察到过黑猩猩集体捕猎一只猴子并吃掉了它。分析句子可知，这里hunt a monkey与后面的eating并列都作为chimps的后置定语，而hun
73、t与chimps之间的是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。故填hunting。【44题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：她还发现了黑猩猩是如何互相交流的，而她的有关黑猩猩肢体语言的研究帮助她了解了它们的社会系统。分析句子结构可知，空白处前句缺少宾语，而后句成分完整，考虑宾语从句。鉴于句中表示的是具体的一种行为，可以认为Jane发现了黑猩猩是“如何”互相交流的，此时要用how来引导。故填how。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：她还发现了黑猩猩是如何互相交流的，而她对黑猩猩肢体语言的研究帮助她了解了它们的社会系统。这里要表达“对于它们的肢体语言的研究”，要用介词of搭配study。故填of。阅读下面文段，按照句
74、子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置上。Born_46_a poor farmers family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest_47_(agriculture) College in 1953._48_then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal._49_a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output
75、. At that time hunger was a_50_(disturb) problem in many parts of the countryside. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests_51_expanding the area of the fields. In 1950, Chinese farmers could produce only fifty million tons of rice. In a recent harvest, however, nearly two hundred millio
76、n tons of rice_52_ (produce). These increased harvests mean that 22% of the worlds people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China. Dr Yuan is now circulating his knowledge in India, Vietnam and many other _53_(develop) countries to increase their rice harvests. Thanks to his research, the UN h
77、as more tools in the battle to rid the world_54_hunger. Using his hybrid rice, farmers are producing harvests _55_(two) as large as before.【答案】46. in 47. Agricultural 48. Since 49. As 50. disturbing 51. without 52. was produced 53. developing 54. of 55. twice【解析】本文是一篇说明。主要介绍了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平对中国和世界的贡献。【46
78、题详解】考查介词。句意：袁博士1930年出生在一个贫苦的农民家庭，1953年毕业于西南农业大学。结合句意表示“出生在”短语为born in。故填in。【47题详解】考查形容词。句意同上。此处作定语修饰后文College应用形容词agricultural，且此处为专有名词单词首字母要大写。故Agicultural。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：从那时起，寻找种植更多水稻的方法一直是他的人生目标。结合句意表示“从那时起”短语为since then。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Since。【49题详解】考查介词。句意：作为一个年轻人，他看到了增加水稻产量的巨大需求。结合句意表示“作为”应用介词as。句
79、首单词首字母要大写。故填As。【50题详解】考查形容词。修饰后文名词problem作定语应用-ing结尾形容词disturbing，表示“令人不安的”。故填disturbing。【51题详解】考查介词。句意：袁博士寻求在没有扩大土地面积的情况下增加水稻产量的方法。结合句意表示“没有”应用介词without。故填without。【52题详解】考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且事情发生在过去应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为two hundred million tons of rice，谓语动词应用单数。故填was produced。【53题详解】考查形容词。修饰后文名词cou
80、ntries应用形容词作定语，且表示“发展中的”形容词为developing。故填developing。【54题详解】考查介词。句意：由于他的研究，联合国在消除世界饥饿的战斗中有了更多的工具。结合句意表示“消除”短语为rid of。故填of。【55题详解】考查数词。句意：使用他的杂交水稻，农民的收成是以前的两倍。此处为倍数表达，表示“是的两倍”为twice as large as故填twice。第三节 语言知识（共25分）A.单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）请根据所给句意及所给单词首字母和汉语意思完成下列句子。56. The failure didnt depress him; i
81、nstead, it i_ (激励) him to greater effort.57. The scientist has o_ (观察) the stars for twenty years.58. It is too c_ (考虑周到的) of you to prepare a room for us.59. When you come across an e_ (紧急事件), call 110.60. He is highly r_ (尊敬) by everyone for his honesty and kindness.61. After a short s_ (拼搏), the
82、policeman took the thief to the police station.62. My teacher made a c_ (评论) about my mistake.63. The author r_ (后悔) having ignored his friends warning.64. The special c_ (化学物质) to clean your house may have a bad effect on your health.65. His company has been going quite well these years, and eighty
83、 percent of its products are e_ (出口) every year.【答案】56. inspired 57. observed 58. considerate 59. emergency 60. respected 61. struggle 62. comment 63. regretted 64. chemical 65. exported【解析】【56题详解】考查动词时态。句意：失败并没有使他沮丧；相反，这激励了他更加努力。根据单词首字母和汉语意思“激励”可知应填动词inspire作谓语，结合上文didnt可知应用一般过去时。故填inspired。【57题详解】
84、考查动词时态。句意：这位科学家观察星星已有二十年了。根据单词首字母和汉语意思“观察”可知应填动词observe作谓语，结合上文The scientist has可知为现在完成时。故填observed。【58题详解】考查形容词。句意：你为我们准备房间，考虑得太周到了。根据单词首字母和汉语意思“考虑周到的”，以及上文It is too可知应填形容词considerate作表语。故填considerate。【59题详解】考查名词。句意：当你遇到紧急情况时，打110。根据单词首字母和汉语意思“紧急事件”，且由冠词an修饰可知应填单数名词emergency。故填emergency。【60题详解】考查动词
85、语态。句意：他因诚实和善良而受到大家的高度尊敬。根据单词首字母和汉语意思“尊敬”可知应填动词respect作谓语，结合上文He is highly可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填respected。【61题详解】考查名词。句意：经过短暂的拼搏，警察把小偷带到派出所。根据单词首字母和汉语意思“拼搏”以及上文a short可知应填单数名词struggle。故填struggle。62题详解】考查名词。句意：我的老师对我的错误作了评论。根据单词首字母和汉语意思“评论”以及上文a可知应填单数名词comment。故填comment。【63题详解】考查动词时态。句意：作者后悔没有理会他朋友的警告。根据单词首
86、字母和汉语意思“后悔”可知应填动词regret作谓语，且结合句意应用一般过去时。故填regretted。【64题详解】考查名词。句意：清洁你房子的特殊化学物质可能对你的健康有不良影响。根据单词首字母和汉语意思“化学物质”可知应填名词chemical作主语，由形容词special修饰。故填chemical。【65题详解】考查动词语态。句意：他的公司这些年经营得很好，每年有80%的产品出口。根据单词首字母和汉语意思“出口”可知应填动词export作谓语，结合上文eighty percent of its products are可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填exported。B. 选词填空 （共
87、5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）请根据句意选出词组并以恰当的形式填空。（注意有2项剩余）66. They are _ in the remote mountains far away from the town now.67. She tried to sleep, but thoughts _ and images flashed into her mind.68. As I said before, we need to _ the customers and their needs.69. It took me ten years to _ my business, and it almo
88、st killed me.70. The policeman said it was his careless driving that _ the accident.【答案】66. leading a simple life 67. crowded in 68. focus on 69. build up 70. led to【解析】【66题详解】考查短语和时态。句意：现在，他们在远离城市的偏远山区过着简单的生活。根据句意可知，此处用lead a simple life“过一个简单的生活”符合语境，根据are和now判断此处应用现在进行时，故填leading a simple life。【6
89、7题详解】考查短语和时态。句意：她努力想要睡着，但思绪涌入，画面闪过她的脑海。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语crowd in“挤进，涌入”，又此处和flashed是并列的谓语动词，应用一般过去时，故填crowded in。【68题详解】考查短语。句意：正如我之前所说，我们需要关注顾客和他们的需求。根据句意可知，此处用focus on“关注”符合语境，再由need to do sth.“需要做某事”判断用动词原形，故填focus on。【69题详解】考查短语。句意：我花了好几年时间来建立我的事业，它几乎要了我的命。根据句意可知，此处用build up“建立”符合语境，再结合固定句型it take
90、s sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花某人多长时间”判断此处用动词原形，故填build up。【70题详解】考查短语和时态。句意：警察说是他粗心驾驶导致了这场事故。根据句意可知，此处用lead to“导致”符合语境，分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语动词，根据was判断为一般过去时，故填led to。C.完成句子（共5小题，每题2分,满分10分）按照下面各小题的汉语意思，用英语完成句子，词数不限，把答案写在答题卡上。71. 只有你长大了，你才能理解父母为你所做的一切。Only when you grow up _ what your parents have done fo
91、r you.72. 他的好心帮助使我们按时完成任务成为可能。His kind offer to help _ to finish the task on time.73. 捉弄别人是我们万万不能做的事。_ is something we should never do.74. 无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。Windy or rainy, our teacher is always _.75. 老人在私人疗养院得到了很好的照顾。The old _ in the nursing home.【答案】71. can you understand 72. makes/ has made it
92、possible for us 73. Playing tricks on others 74. the first (one) to get to school 75. are well looked after/ are taken good care of【解析】【71题详解】考查部分倒装。根据中英文提示可知，此处考查only+ 状语 置于句首时主句要部分倒装，情态动词can“能够”应放在从句主语you的前面，understand“理解”，故填can you understand。【72题详解】考查固定句型。根据中英文提示可知，此处考查固定句型make it + adj. for sb
93、to do sth“使做某事对于某人来说怎么样”，possible“可能的”，主语His kind offer to help是第三人称单数，结合语境判断本句为一般现在时或现在完成时，故填makes/ has made it possible for us。【73题详解】考查固定短语和动名词。根据中英文提示可知，此处考查固定短语play tricks on sb.“捉弄某人”，others“其他人”，分析句子可知，应用该短语的动名词作为句子主语，故填Playing tricks on others【74题详解】考查不定式。根据中英文提示可知，此处考查当名词被序数词修饰或本身就是序数词时，应用不
94、定式作为后置定语，get to“到达”，the first (one) to get to school“第一个到学校的人”，故填the first (one) to get to school。【75题详解】考查固定短语和被动语态。根据中英文提示可知，此处考查固定短语take care of/ look after“照顾”，设空处是句子谓语动词，主语the old和“照顾”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，the old指代一类人，是复数，结合语境判断为一般现在时，故填are well looked after/ are taken good care of。第三部分 写作 （共两节；满分30分
95、）第一节 单句改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）下列句子中，每句都有一处错误。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。删除：把多余的词用（）划掉。76. Followed Janes way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.77. Jane studied these families of chimps for many years.78. Watching a family of chimps wak
96、e up are our first activity of the day.79. Most of the time chimps either feed nor clean each other as a way of showing love in their family.80. She inspires those that want to cheer the achievements of women.81. In 1973, he became the first agricultural pioneers in the world to grow rice that has a
97、 high output.82. Although he is one of Chinas most famous scientists, but Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.83. He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and read.84. Indeed, he believes that a person with too much money has more
98、 rather than few troubles.85. Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to her.【答案】76. Followed Following 77. studied前加 has 78. are is 79. nor or 80. that who 81. pioneers pioneer 82. 去掉but 83. read reading 84. few fewer 85. her him【解析】【76题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：按照Jane研究大
99、猩猩的方法，我们组正要去森林里观察它们。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语our group和follow之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故将Followed改为Following。【77题详解】考查时态。句意：Jane已经研究这些大猩猩家族很多年了。根据句意和for many years判断此处为现在完成时，主语Jane是第三人称单数，应用has done，故在studied前面加has。【78题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：观察大猩猩一家醒来是我们白天的第一个活动。分析句子可知，动名词短语watching a family of chimps wake up作主语，应看作第三人称单
100、数，故将are改为is。【79题详解】考查连词。句意：大多数时候，大猩猩要么相互喂食，要么相互清理，把这作为展示它们家人之间爱的方法。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语eitheror“要么要么”，故将nor改为or。【80题详解】考查定语从句。句意：她启发了那些想为女性的成就而喝彩的人。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词those在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故将that改为who。【81题详解】考查名词的数。句意：1973年，他成为了世界上第一个种植高产量水稻的农业先驱者。pioneer“先锋，先驱”是可数名词，分析句子可知，此处应用其单数指代上文的he，故将pioneers改
101、为pioneer。【82题详解】考查连词。句意：尽管他是中国最著名的科学家，但袁隆平认为他自己是一个农民，因为他在田里进行自己的研究。分析句子可知，although不和but搭配，故删除but。【83题详解】考查动名词。句意：他喜欢听小提琴乐曲、打麻将、游泳和阅读。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用read动名词作为动词enjoy的宾语，故将read改为reading 。【84题详解】考查比较级。句意：的确，他认为，一个有很多钱的人有更多而非更少的朋友。根据句意和上文的more判断此处用形容词few的比较级符合语境，故将few改为fewer。【85题详解】考查代词。句意：在他自己身上花钱，或过一
102、个舒适的生活对他来说也没有多大意义。根据句意和上文的himself可知，此处应用him代指袁隆平，故将her改为him。第二节 书面表达（满分20分）86.书面表达：假如你是李明，你的加拿大网友Peter对中国的主席夫人：彭丽媛还不是很了解。请你写email给他，介绍一下彭丽媛女士和她的家乡的相关情况。内容主要包括：1.彭丽媛，1962年11月20日出生于山东省菏泽市，中国著名女歌唱家。2.菏泽，位于山东省西南部，是中国著名的牡丹（peony)之都。历史悠久，文化景点众多。3.1986年，彭丽媛是CCTV青年歌手大赛冠军(champion)。4.1987年9月1日，彭丽媛和习近平(现任中国国家
103、主席）结为夫妇。5.她热心公益，关怀儿童，被人们称为“彭妈妈”。6.2013年4月18日，被评为时代杂志百大影响力人物之一。提示：主席：chairman ,时代杂志:Time magazine, 有影响力的：influential注意：1、词数120字左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3、开始和结束语已为你写好（不计入字数）。Dear Peter,Here I am pleased to tell you more information about Lady Peng Liyuan. I hope this email will help you know her better.Yo
104、urs,Li Ming【答案】Dear Peter,Here I am pleased to tell you more information about Lady Peng Liyuan.Born in Heze city, Shan Dong Province, on 20th, November, 1962, Lady Peng Liyuan is a famous woman singer in China. Her hometown Heze city, known as the capital city of Peony, is located in the southweste
105、rn part of Shan Dong Province and has a long history as well as many cultural attractions. In 1986, she was the champion of the CCTV Youth Singer Competitions and married to Xi Jinping, who is now the chairman of China, on 1st of September, 1987.She was so devoted to the charity and care for the chi
106、ldren that people called her “Mother Peng” in return. Eventually, she was recognized as one of the most influential people by “Time Magazine” on 18th, April, 2013.I hope this email will help you know her better.Yours,Li Ming【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，假如你是李明，你
107、的加拿大网友Peter对中国的主席夫人：彭丽媛还不是很了解。请你写email给他，介绍一下彭丽媛女士和她的家乡的相关情况。内容主要包括：1.彭丽媛，1962年11月20日出生于山东省菏泽市，中国著名女歌唱家。2.菏泽，位于山东省西南部，是中国著名的牡丹（peony)之都。历史悠久，文化景点众多。3.1986年，彭丽媛是CCTV青年歌手大赛冠军(champion)。4.1987年9月1日，彭丽媛和习近平(现任中国国家主席）结为夫妇。5.她热心公益，关怀儿童，被人们称为“彭妈妈”。6.2013年4月18日，被评为时代杂志百大影响力人物之一。第二，人称为第三人称。第三，时态为一般现在时。第二步：布局
108、段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，在此，我很高兴向大家介绍彭丽媛女士的情况。第二段，具体情况。第三段，表达希望。第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: , be located in，be married，be devoted to，be recognized as.第四步：确定较为高级的句子:who引导的定语从句 In 1986, she was the champion of the CCTV Youth Singer Competitions and married to Xi Jinping, who is now the chairman of China
109、, on 1st of September, 1987.第五步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接:besides，what is more，finally.第六步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: who引导的定语从句 In 1986, she was the champion of the CCTV Youth Singer Competitions and married to Xi Jinping, who is now the chairman of China, on 1st of September, 1987.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。
