1、高考资源网提供高考试题、高考模拟题，发布高考信息题本站投稿专用信箱：ks5u，来信请注明投稿，一经采纳，待遇从优2008届高考第二轮复习英语语法讲解介词介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。介词分为三种，一种是简单介词，如at, in, on, beside, to , for等；另一种是短语介词，即由两个以上的词组组成的短语，如in front of, because of, out of, instead of等；还有一种叫二重介词，如until after, from behind等。（一）介词的句法功能介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示
2、人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。1、作定语：The book on the table is mine.2、作状语：We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）；They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）；They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法）3、作表语：My dictionary is in the bag.4、作宾语补足语：I found him in the office.（二）主要介词区别1、表示时间的at, i
3、n, on：at表示片刻的时间，如：at 8 oclock ，常用词组有：at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等。in表示 一段的时间，如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future等。on总是跟日子有关，on Mon
4、day, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning等。2、表示时间的since和from：since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用。from表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.3、表示时间的in和after：两者都表示在（某个时间）之后，区别在于in表示在（一段时间
5、）之后，而after则表示在（某一具体时间点之后），in短语和将来时态连用，after短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如：Well be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation?注意：after有时也可以表示在一段时间之后（常用在过去时里）。如：After two months he returned.4、表示地理位置的in, on, to：in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外。如：Changchun is in the nort
6、heast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China.5、表示在上的on和in：on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物 一部分。 如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.6、表示穿过的through和across：through表示从内部通过，与in 有关；across则表示从一端
7、至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。如： Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.7、in the corner, on the corner, at the corner：in the corner 表示在角落里，in指角的内面；on the corner表示在角上，on指的不是内面，也不是外面，而含内外兼有之意；at the corner指在拐角处，at指的是拐角外附近的外面。如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met with him
8、 at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of the table.8、in the end, at the end of, by the end of：in the end作最后、终于解，可单独使用，后不接介词of；at the end of 表示在末梢，到尽头，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用；by the end of 作在结束时，到末为止解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。如：In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a bea
9、utiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the end of last month he had finished the novel.9、表示关于的about 和on：两者都有关于的意思，不过前者为一般用词， 而后者为较正式的论述。如：He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science.10、between, among：一般说来，between表示两者之间，among
10、用于三者或三者以上的中间。如：You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates.注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西，如果强调的是两两相互间接关系，适用于between。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在谈到一些事物或一组事物，而把它们视为分居两边时用between。如：The little valley lies between high mountains.。在谈事物间的差别时，总是用bet
11、ween。如：They dont know the difference between wheat, oats and barley.11、besides, except, but, except for：besides指除了还有，再加上。如：All went out besides me.；except指除了，减去什么，不能放在句首。如：All went out except me.；but 与except意思近似，表示除了外经常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑问词后面。如：I never saw him reading anythi
12、ng but the newspaper.；except for表示如无就，只是表明理由细节。如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.。12、表示用的in和with：表示工具的用，用with，而表示材料、方式、方 法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的用，用in。如：He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me
13、the story in English.13、in charge of和in the charge of：两者都表示由谁负责、照顾、管理。区别在于：in charge of后接被照管的人或物，而in the charge of后面则跟照管的人。如：Who is in charge of the project?/ The project is in the charge of an engineer.。14、as, like：as作作为、以地位或身份解。如：Let me speak to you as a father.（事实是父亲）；like作象一样解。如：Let me speak to
14、you like a father.（事实上不是父亲）。15、in front of 和in the front of：in front of = before，是在前面的意思（不在某物内）； in the front of则是在前部的意思（在某物内）。如：There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in the front of the car.。16、in, into：into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。如：We walked into the park.；in通常表示位置。如：We walked in the par
15、k；in和drop, fall, put, throw, break等终止性动词连用时，也可以表示动向。如：I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.我把硬币放进衣袋。 练习介词1. The teacher is writing _ a piece of chalk on the blackboard while the students are writing _ink in exercise books. A. with, inB. in, withC. in, inD. with, with2. The worker can make chairs
16、_ wood, and also can make paper _ wood.A. from, ofB. of, fromC. of. ofD. from, from3. Mary dropped in _ Mr. Smith, but he wasn t at home, so she went to drop in _ Mr. Smiths office. A. on, onB. at, atC. on. atD. at. on4. The teacher is not only strict _ his pupils but also strict _ his own work.A. w
17、ith, with B. in, in C. in, with D. with, in5. His grandfather died _ the wound that the enemy soldier had given him .and then his grand-mother died _ hungry and cold. A. from, of B. of, from C. from, from D. of, of6. If you run _ two hares you will catch neither. A. into B. after C. off D. out of 7.
18、 This is a common mistake _ students. A. between B. over C. among D. about8. My father began to work _ a bus driver when he was twenty years old.A.for B.to C.at D.as9. _ hearing the news, I was wild _ joy. A. At, in B. On, with C. After, by D. /, over10.I don t think Xiao Li is _ the other students
19、_ mathematics.A. after, on B. after, with C. behind, in D. behind, at11. Nobody knows it _ me. A. except for B. except that C. besides D. but12. The window is never opened _ in summer. A. but B. except C. except for D. but for13.It happened _ the Long March. A. during B. in C. at D. for14. We go to
20、school _ a bike. A. in B. on C. by D. over15. Its very kind_ you to repair the bike _ me. A. for, for B. of, of C. of, for D. for, of16. Fresh air is good _ your health. A. at B. for C. of D. to17.The boy is waiting _ his sister and they will go to the hospital to wait _ their sick mother.A. for,on
21、B.on,for C.for,for D.on.on18.The group is made up_five students. And they are studying hard to make up_ the lost time.A.of,of B.for,for C.of,for D.for,of19.The PLA man saved the boy _ death. A. of B.from C.to D.on20. He will come _ three days. A.before B.after C. in D. later21. He went to Beijing an
22、d returned _ three days.A. in B. before C. later D. after22. He will return_ three oclock. A.after B.in C.on D.at23. He wrote the article _ three days. A.at B.in C.on D.by 24.I agree _ what you said. A.to B.on C.with D.at25. Do you agree_ this plan (arrangement)? A.at B.with C.on D.to26. Finally the
23、y agreed _ the terms of the contract. A.on B.to C.with D.at27. Do you often hear_ your brother? A. of B. from C. out of D. about28.1 heard _ the book long ago, but I have never read it. A. outB.fromC.ofD.with29. The plane flew _ the city. A. across B.past C. throughD.over30. We walked _ the Tian An
24、Men Square to the Museum of Chinese History.A. across B. throughC.byD.past31.I was wandering _ the streets when I caught sight of a tailors shop.A. across B. through C. by D. past32. Our bus drove _ the Great Hall of the People. A. across B. through C. past D.over33. _ the sun, nothing would grow.A.
25、 For B.With C. Under D. Without34. The teacher is busy _ teaching.A. with B. for C. on D. of35. The teacher is busy _ correcting papers.A. for B.in C.on D.of36. We left Xi an _._ a very hot summer afternoon.A. on B.in C. during D.by37. She felt disappointed when she found out they had gone swimming_
26、 her.A. but B. except C. except for D. without38. His teacher was angry _ him _ his being late.A.at,with B.at,for C.with,for D.with,about39. My father was disappointed _ the news.A. by B. about C. at D. on40. Mr Wang went to Nanjing _ October,1998 and came back home _ the morning of Nov. 5.A.at;in B
27、.on;at C.in;on D.by;from 41 .My uncle lives _ 105 Huanghe Street. His room is _ the fifth floor.A.at;on B.td;at C.on;in D.of;to42. I dont think you can work out the maths problem _ the teachers help.A. since B. unless C. because D. without43. He is running _ the wind towards the east of the station
28、_ Tom is running _ the right.A. down; and; on B. against; while; on C.for;with;in D. with; while; to44. In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck _ the beauty of nature that he stayed _ another night.A.at;on B.with;at C.for;in D.by;for45. Many people are still _ the habit of writing silly things _ public p
29、laces.A.at;at B.in;in C.into;of D.during;at46. - Do you go there _ bus? - No, we go there _ a train.A. in; on B.on;on C.by;in D.by; with47. I made the coat _ my own hands. It was made _ hand, not with a machine.A. in; in B.in; with C. with; by D. with; with48. The trees _ front of the house are _ th
30、e charge of Old Li.A. in; in B. at; in C. in; by D. from; in49. The old man died _ cold _ a cold night.A. from; at B.of;in C.of;on D. for; during50. Does John know any other foreign languages _ French?A. except B. but C. besides D. beside51. He looked quite healthy _ he was _ the age of seventy.A. w
31、hen; at B. because; in C. if; for D. though; at52. - How long has the bookshop been in business? -_1982.A. After B.InC.FromD.Since53. Did you have any trouble _ the post office?A. to have found B. with finding C. to find D. in finding54.To tell you the truth, I have nothing to do _ it.A.aboutB.withC
32、.for D.of55. Something must be done to prevent our city _ by thick smoke.A. to be polluted B. from polluting C. from being pollutedD. polluting 56._ the students likes the paintings. Which is wrong?A. The teacher as well as B. Nobody but C. The teacher besides D. All except57. Henry,_ Mary and Tom,
33、is coming to China for a visit. Which is wrong?A. together with B. like C. and not D. but in addition to58. Taiwan is _ the east of Fujian.A. in B.at C.to D.on59. His father will be back from London _ a few days.A.since B.in C.onD.after60. We offered him our congratulations _ his passing the college
34、 entrance exams.A.at B.on C.for D.of61 .The word write has the same pronunciation _ the word right.A. of B.as C.to D.from62. The train leaves _ 6: 00 p. m. So I have to be at the station _ 5:40 p. m. at the latest.A. at; until B. for; after C.at;by D. before; around 63. Go _ the gate and you 11 find
35、 the entrance _ the park _ the other side.A. through; to; on B. along ;of; on C. down; to; at D. up; of; by64. One _ five will have the chance to join in the game.A. within B. among C. in D. from65. Because of her devotion _ music, she has become friendly with Mr. Zhang.A. in B. to C. with D. on66.
36、What idea can a man who is blind from birth have_ color?A. in B. / C. with D. of67. Some people say that we live _ the age of computers.A. in B. at C. with D. for68. -May I attend your lecture, Mr. Green? -Welcome _ open arms.A. with B. by C. in D. for69. _ defeated, they didnt lose heart.A. In spit
37、e of B. Except for C. Though D. Until70. I saw Jack yesterday. He told me that he would stay here _ the end of this year.A. at B. by C. for D. till71.The train leaves at 6:00 p.m. So I have to be at the station _5:40p.m.at the latest.A. until B. after C. byD. around (97NMET 11)72. The boy ought to h
38、ave gone to school _, but he slept _noon. A. in the morning, at B. that morning, at C. in that morning, untilD. that morning, until (93 上海)73. The doctor will be free _. A. 10 minutes later B. after ten minutes C. in ten minutes D. 10 minutes after(92MET. 20)74. _most students, she was always well p
39、repared and never came to class late. A. Like B. As C. For D. To (98上海高考题 2)75. Lets walk over _the shop on the other side of the street. A. in B. to C. under D. by (93上海)76. The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200. This means it has risen _20 percent. A . by B. at C. toD. with (99
40、 上海高考)77. _production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. A. . As B. For C. With D. Through (2000NMET. 18)78. Does John know any other foreign language _French?A. except B. but C. besides D. beside (89MET. 13)79. I know nothing about the young lady _she is from Beijing. A. except
41、B. except for C. except that D. besides (2000 上海高考13)80. -You are so lucky. -What do you mean _that? (2002年春招)A. for B. in C. of D. by15 ABCDA 610 BCDBC 1115 DBABC 1620 BACBC 2125 DABCD 2630 ABCDA 3135 BCDAB 3640 ADDCC 4145 ADBDB 4650 CCACC 5155 DDDBC 5660 DCCBB 6165 BCACB 6670 DAACD 7175 CDCAB7680
42、ACCCD2006全国各省市高考试卷中的介词试题:1(全国卷2)18. There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldnt get _. A. between B. through C. across D. beyond2(北京卷)22. - When do we need to pay the balance? - _September 30.A. In B. By C. During D. Within3(上海春)25. More and more young people are fond
43、_ playing tennis nowadays.A. on B. to C. in D. of4(辽宁卷)28.People have always been curious_how living things on the earth exactly began.A. in B. at C. ofD. about5(四川卷)29. -Can he take charge of the computer company?-Im afraid its _ his ability.A. beyondB. withinC. of D. to6(江西卷)23After the earthquake
44、，the injured were cared _in the hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighbouring cities.A. of Bfor c. after D. with7(福建卷)23.Sorry, Madam. Youd better come tomorrow because its _ the visiting hours. A. during B. atC. beyondD. before8(江苏卷)24. This new model of car is so expensive that it
45、 is _ the reach of those with average income.A. over B. within C. beyond D. below9(安徽省)26Its quite me why such things have been allowed to happen.Afor Bbehind Cagainst Dbeyond10(陕西卷)10.My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was _ it.A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honour ofD. in
46、search of11(湖南卷)27._achievement, last weeks ministerial meeting of the WTO here earned a low, though not failing, grade.A. In terms of B. In ease of C. As a result ofD. In face of12(山东卷)35. A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which _ will promote its economic development.A. in nature B. in returnC. in turnD. in factKeys: 1-10 BBDDA BCCDA 11-12AC 第15页 共15页
