1、单元综合检测(二)(时间：100分钟；满分：120分)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)A(2019安徽江淮名校期中)Peggy Whitsons job demands a daily twohour workout in a gym where weight has no meaning and the view changes at 17，000 miles an hour.Whitson makes it look easy. At 57, she is the oldest woman to fly in space, breaki
2、ng the record last November when she began her third longterm stay at the International Space Station. After returning home in September, 2017, the NASA astronaut felt matteroffact about the age milestone(里程碑)“It wasnt a record I was seeking for，”Whitson said.“I was 42 and 48 for my first two space
3、flights. I feel lucky that I was able to get to do another one in my 50s. I dont think people should let age discourage them, even on those jobs that require some amount of physical fitness. The oldest man is John Glenn (at 77), and weve had male astronauts in their 60s before, so its just a matter
4、of time before women start flying in space at this age”On the earth, she stays fit by weightlifting, biking, playing basketball and water skiing. She shared what its like to live in microgravity：“Its like youre in a swimming pool, but you dont have to worry about breathing.If I push off from one sid
5、e, Im going to float to the other side.Every direction feels exactly the same, which is really hard for your brain to grasp, but its amazing how fast you adapt.”“Its a big shock for the body to come back to Eartheverything is so heavy. We spend a lot of time getting used to being back in gravity aga
6、in. Back pain was really the most dramatic for me this time. For me, coming home is harder than going up into space.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍了最年长的女宇航员纪录保持者Peggy Whitson在太空的体验以及她积极向上的心态。1What does the underlined word probably mean in the passage?AAmazing.BNatural.CEnthusiastic.DUnbelievable.B词义猜测题。根据第三段中Whi
7、tson的话可知，她认为人们不应该被年龄所击败，以57岁“高龄”进行太空飞行是一件很正常的事情，因此她对自己创下纪录并不感到惊讶。由此可知画线词意为“平常的”。故选B。2How many days did Peggy Whitson spend for her third stay in the International Space Station?AAbout 300 days.BAbout 708 days.CAbout 107 days.DAbout 57 days.A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“breaking the record last November when she be
8、gan her third longterm stay at the International Space Station.After returning home in September，2017”可知，从2016年11月到2017年9月，Peggy Whitson在国际空间站待了300天左右的时间。故选A。3According to the passage, which of the following is true?APeggy Whitson is the oldest person to fly in space, breaking the record.BThere had
9、been female astronauts flying in space in their 60s before.CPeggy Whitson likes swimming most to stay fit on the earth.DPeggy Whitson had been in space in 2002 and 2008.D细节理解题。根据第二、三段内容可知，2017年Peggy Whitson 57岁，她在42岁和48岁时也进行过太空飞行，由此可知这两次飞行分别发生在2002年和2008年。故选D。4Which of the following will Peggy Whits
10、on probably say?AYou can still be successful and do physical things when you get old.BI spent quite a lot of time getting used to the life in space.CThe moment we reached the earth, we felt so relaxed.DI feel lucky that I am physically all right after the whole journey.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的“I dont think pe
11、ople should let age discourage them，even on those jobs that require some amount of physical fitness.”可知，Peggy Whitson认为人们不应被年龄所击败，即使是从事那些对身体健康状况有一定要求的工作。由此可知她会说当你老了的时候，你也可以做一些需要体力的事情。故选A。BThere is a lot to learn about the creations of Beatrix Potternot only is she the author and illustrator of one o
12、f the worlds most famous childrens books, The Tale of Peter Rabbit, but also a pioneering conservationist with the spirit of a scientist.“Potter grew up as the daughter of a wealthy Victorian family，but along with her brother who filled an entire floor of their large house in London with all sorts o
13、f animals，” said Anne Lundin, a retired professor for the UWMadison School of Library and Information Studies.“As an adult，she was a frustrated botanical illustrator and scientist. That field was not open to her because she was female，” Lundin said.Potter was urged to turn the charming illustrations
14、 and stories she wrote in letters to children into books. She wrote 23 books in alla body of work that has inspired plays, ballets, films and an astonishing amount of merchandise.“The Tale of Peter Rabbit is probably the most famous childrens book in the world，which was published in 1902 and has rea
15、lly stood the test of time.Its been translated into 36 languages. The parents and grandparents will share it with the next generation，” said Lundin.Potter also made a mark on the world through her land conservation. “In many ways, she was like Peter Rabbit，venturing into a world of adventure and ris
16、k. She withdrew from London as soon as she started making some money on her books to the Lake District and became an extremely important farmer and conservationist. She preserved and passed on 15 farms and over 4，000 acres, which were given back to the country as gifts in the 20th century，” said Lun
17、din.“Even though she was born 150 years ago, she was amazingly modernher embracing of the natural world，” commented Jennifer Blatchley Smith, an artistic director of the show Peter Rabbit Tales to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Potters birth.【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物介绍类文章。主要讲述了Beatrix Potter的故事，Beatrix Pott
18、er不仅是一位著名的作家、插图画家，还是自然环境保护的先驱者和植物学家。由于Potter对世界的贡献，人们至今都在铭记她。5What helped Beatrix Potter to write The Tale of Peter Rabbit successfully?AHer life and work experiences.BHer specialty in animated(动画) pictures.CHer success in becoming a botanical scientist.DHer interest in animals in childhood alone.A推
19、理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“she was like Peter Rabbit，venturing into a world of adventure and risk”，她像兔子彼得一样，在一个充满冒险和危险的世界中探险，可知，Beatrix Potter是以自己在现实中的生活和工作经历为基础来创作这本书的。故选A。6What is Beatrix Potter?AA botanist and artist.BAn extremely important farmer and successful scientist.CA writer，conservationist and farmer.
20、DAn artistic director.C细节理解题。根据第一段中“not only is she the author and illustrator of one of the worlds most famous childrens books，The Tale of Peter Rabbit，but also a pioneering conservationist with the spirit of a scientist”，以及倒数第二段中“became an extremely important farmer and conservationist”可知，Beatrix
21、Potter是作家、插图画家、自然环境保护者和农民。故选C。7Why does the author write the article?AIn celebration of Potters 150th birthday.BIn honour of Potters new contributions.CIn praise of Potters spirit of selflessness.DIn support of Potters book promotions.A写作意图题。纵览全文，全篇都在讲述主人公的生平事迹，再根据最后一段中的“Even though she was born 150
22、 years ago，she was amazingly modern”及“an artistic director of the show Peter Rabbit Tales to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Potters birth”可知，这篇文章是为了怀念Potter，为庆祝她150岁诞辰而写的。故选A。C(2019辽宁沈阳交联体期中)My husband and I had been married nearly twentytwo years when I acquired StevensJohnson syndrome, a disor
23、der where my immune system(免疫系统) responded to a virus by producing painful blisters(水疱). Although my longterm evaluation was good, I, who had been so fiercely independent, rapidly became absolutely helpless.My husband, Scott, stepped up to the plate, taking care of kids and cooking dinners. He also
24、became my personal caretaker, applying the medicine to all of my blisters because my hands couldnt do the job.Needless to say，I had negative emotions, bouncing from embarrassment to shame caused by total reliance on someone other than myself.At one point when I had mentally and physically hit bottom
25、s I remember thinking that Scott must somehow love me more than I could ever love him. With my illness，he had become the stronger one, and I the weaker one.And this disturbed me.I recovered from my illness, but I couldnt seem to recover from the thought that I loved my husband less than he loved me.
26、This seeming distinction in our love continued to annoy me for the year following my illness.Then recently Scott and I went on a long bike ride.Hes an experienced cyclist; Im quite the green hand.At one point with a strong headwind and sharp pain building in my tired legs, I really thought I couldnt
27、 go any further. Seeing me struggle, Scott pulled in front of me and yelled over his shoulder，“Stay close behind me.”As I fell into the draft of his sixfootthreeinch frame and followed his steps, I discovered that my legs quit burning and I was able to catch my breath. My husband was pulling me alon
28、g again. At this very moment I woke up to what I now believe: during these and other tough times，love has the opportunity to become stronger when one partner learns to lean on the other.I pray my husband will always be strong and healthy.But if he should ever become the struggling one, whether on a
29、bike ride or with an illness, I trust Ill be ready to call out to him: Stay close behind memy turn to pull you along.【语篇解读】作者生病后，她的丈夫一直照顾、鼓励和支持她，给她帮助和力量；作者最后也发出感慨：倘若有一天角色互换，她也会同样给她的丈夫支持和力量。8What made the author feel helpless?AHer treatments failure.BHer husbands caring for her too much.CHer losing t
30、he previous independence.DHer suffering from illness and mental disorder.C推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Although my longterm evaluation was good，I，who had been so fiercely independent，rapidly became absolutely helpless.”和第二段中的“Needless to say，I had negative emotions，bouncing from embarrassment to shame caused by to
31、tal reliance on someone other than myself.”可知作者曾经非常独立，但得病后完全依赖丈夫而变得很无助，感到尴尬和羞愧。故选C。9Which of the following can best describe the authors husband?AFamilycentered.BNot good at taking action.CCareercentered.DIndependent but tired of negative emotions.A推理判断题。根据第二段前两句可知丈夫在作者得病后照顾家庭，看护生病的作者。故选A。10What did
32、 the authors husband do when going on the long bike ride?AFollowed her closely.BGave in to her depression.CBacked her up all the way.DStopped to take care of her.C推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Seeing me struggle，Scott pulled in front of me and yelled over his shoulder，Stay close behind me.”和“My husband was pulling
33、me along again.”可知作者进行长途的骑车运动时，她的丈夫一路上给她支持和鼓励，C选项Backed her up all the way意为“一路上支持她”，符合文章。故选C。11Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase “stepped up to the plate” in Paragraph 2?AMoved into batting position.BBegan to take the responsibility.CWalked to the kitchen.DBegan to wash the p
34、lates.B词义猜测题。此处指我生病后丈夫开始行动，履行自己的责任，照顾家庭，看护生病的作者。stepped up to the plate指“开始行动，接受挑战”。故选B。DScientists think they have answered a mystery：How some ocean creatures got so huge so quickly.A few million years ago, the largest whales，averaged about 15 feet long.Then seemingly overnight, one type of whale,
35、the toothless baleen whale (须鲸类) became huge.Modern blue whales get as big as 100 feet. Nicholas Pyenson of the Smithsonian Natural History Museum said，“Why is that？”“It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye, which makes it harder to figure out what happened，” said Graham Slater，lead author
36、of the study. Their study has suggested an answer：Ice ages in the last 3 to 5 million years started it, changing the oceans and food supply for whales.The researchers used fossil records of the smaller whales to create a family tree for baleen whales which include blue whales, humpbacks and right wh
37、ales. Using computer simulations (模拟) and knowledge about how evolution works，they concluded that when the size changes started, the poles got colder, ice expanded and the water circulation in the oceans changed and winds shifted.Slater and Pyenson said cold water went deep and moved closer to the e
38、quator (赤道) and then eventually moved back up with small fish and other small animals that whales eat.Baleen whales, which have no teeth, feed by eating huge amounts of fish they capture.Toothed whales, like sperm whales (抹香鲸), hunt individual fish, so the ocean changes that made food less evenly sp
39、read out didnt affect them as much. But baleen whales hunt schools of fish.Olivier Lambert at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences calls it “a really convincing situation”But he said the lack of fossils in certain time periods is an issue.As oceans warm from manmade climate change，the sea
40、s will be more like it was when the whales were smaller and they will have a more difficult time surviving.【语篇解读】文章以鲸鱼为例分析了一些海洋动物快速变大的原因，提出了气候变化引起海洋变化，造成鲸鱼生存困难的现状，呼吁人们保护环境和动物。12What does the author mean by “It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye” in the second paragraph?AThe change of bale
41、en whales happened too quickly.BThe change of baleen whales was too difficult to explore.CResearchers paid little attention to the change of baleen whales.DResearchers thought the change of baleen whales was unimportant.A句意理解题。根据下句“which makes it harder to figure out what happened”可知画线句子指这种变化在进化的发展中
42、只是匆匆一瞥，形容其速度之快。A项正好表达了此意。13What played the key role in baleen whales becoming huge?AManmade climate change.BIts eating a huge amount of fish.CThe water circulation in the oceans.DThe increase of food supply for whales.D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句、第三段最后一句和第四段中“But baleen whales hunt schools of fish.”可知由于海水流向和鲸鱼食
43、物来源的变化，须鲸能捕获到鱼群，食物增多，体积变大。故选D。14What do we know about sperm whales and blue whales according to the text?ASperm whales eat more food.BBlue whales live much longer.CSperm whales prefer to hunt schools of fish.DBlue whales usually swallow schools of fish.D推理判断题。根据第二段中“the toothless baleen whale(须鲸类)be
44、came huge.Modern blue whales get as big as 100 feet.”和第四段中“Toothed whales，like sperm whales(抹香鲸)，hunt individual fish.But baleen whales hunt schools of fish.”可知sperm whales和blue whales的情况，blue whales属于baleen whales，能捕获鱼群。故选D。15What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThere are no whale fossils now
45、.BThe whales may become even bigger.CGlobal warming has threatened the whales.DOlivier Lamber thinks the study is perfect.C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知由于气候变暖引起海洋变化，威胁鲸鱼的生存。故选C。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Choosing the Right Path to Be a “Better” PersonLife is a constant exercise in selfimprovement. In the rush to
46、 achieve, the idea of being “better” can become lost sometimes. You may always wonder how to improve yourself and fulfill your dreams in an easier way. 16 Explore your talents.Everybody has some outstanding skills or interests. So its often necessary to be patient and try many things before you find
47、 one that suits you. 17 For example, people loving adventure may not be interested in the quiet chess club, but someone who enjoys other quiet activities might be.Determining who you enjoy being around may help you know what youll enjoy. 18 No matter how much money you make, you will not be happy if
48、 you spend your entire life doing something you hate.Its important to at least devote some of your time to what makes you happy.If youre particularly unhappy at your job, consider why. 19 If you feel your job isnt meaningful，or isnt in line with your values, consider finding another job.Experience s
49、omething new.Research has shown that when were in our comfort zone，we arent as productive as we are when we step just beyond it. 20 Because of that, we may react slowly to our own positive experiences. Its important to have new experiences and interactions with others, even when those are a little s
50、cary. Doing so can help you achieve more.ADo what you love.BHere are some tips for you.CRegister in a class youre interested in.DHumans adapt very quickly to positive events.EIts possible that some changes may change your feeling.FSimilar types of people may be attracted to the same activities.GTry
51、not to allow yourself to focus so much on a certain aspect of your life.【语篇解读】人生就是不断提升自我的过程，有时我们急于取得成功，却迷失了自我。本文就如何提升自己给出了一些建议。16B上文提到你可能想知道如何用更简单的方式提升自己，下文则给出了一些建议。由此可知，设空处承上启下。故B项符合语境。17F本段最后一句提到，判断你喜欢跟谁在一起有助于你了解自己喜欢什么。由此可知，F项符合语境。故选F项。18A本题考查标题句。根据该标题下的“Its important to at least devote some of yo
52、ur time to what makes you happy.”可知，花时间做自己喜欢的事很重要。由此可知，A项(做你喜欢的事)符合语境。19E上文提出如果特别不喜欢现在的工作，考虑一下原因，下文则提出考虑换一份工作。 由此可知，E项(有时候作出一些改变也可以改变你的心情)符合语境。20D本段主题是体验新事物。空格后说，正因为如此，我们可能对自己的积极的体验反应迟钝。D项(人类对积极的事件适应很快)正好解释了下文的现象。故选D项。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)My two kids and I were at Dunkin Donuts,
53、meeting my grandfather for a cup of coffee.My boys were 2 and 4 then. When the naughty little kid 21 his icecream in the middle of the store, I turned to my grandfather for 22 . I was surprised to find him laughing. When I tried to talk to him about how 23 life with two young boys is, his reply was
54、short, “Little kids， 24 problems.”At the time, I felt a little angry. The 25 of raising my two boys didnt feel little.I sometimes felt overwhelmed (不知所措的) by their problems and needs. Still, I knew how to 26 them. I could calm my elder son down with his favourite CD and smiled at him in the rearview
55、 mirror (后视镜). Back then, “fixing their problems” seemed like my 27 . I did it every day. And, in general, I could fix most things that annoy them.Those boys are 24 and 22 now. And, 28 my grandfather said, their problems are bigger than they were 20 years ago. And one thing Im 29 at this stage of pa
56、renting is how to be a mom who doesnt help them. Worried about my elder son recently, I repeated my 30 to him, but he told me to stoptold me that I wasnt being 31 and that I needed to let him be.Honestly, I miss the days when I felt so helpful. But I also feel 32 that Ive raised an adult healthy eno
57、ugh to 33 his own life.And so, in a 34 reversal(互换), it is my son who now calms me down， 35 me and then smiles at me from his rearview mirror.【语篇解读】本文语篇类型是记叙文，主题语境是生活。文章讲述了父母与孩子之间在不同阶段所扮演的角色不同。21A.boughtBopenedCsat onDlooked forC根据空前naughty可知，儿子是淘气的，sat on符合语境。当儿子坐到冰淇淋上，“我”向祖父寻求支持与帮助。22A.careBsuppor
58、tCattentionDexplanationB参考上题解析。23A.excitingBencouragingCchallengingDembarrassingC根据下文关于照顾孩子的描述可知，“我”觉得和两个小男孩一起生活是很大的挑战。24A.seriousBcommonCcomplexDlittleD根据第二段第一句中的angry以及第三段中their problems are bigger可知，此处祖父是说小孩子都是小问题。25A.valueBdifficultyCadvantageDresponsibilityB“我”当时听了祖父的话有点生气，因为养育两个男孩并不是小困难。26A.ig
59、noreBfixCorganizeDshareB根据空后内容可知，不过“我”还是知道怎样应对它们。27A.dreamBlessonCchoiceDjobD那个时候，“我”每天都在做这些，所以应对这些问题似乎成了“我”的工作。而且“我”基本上可以处理困扰他们的大部分事情。28A.onceBifCasDwhileC根据下文内容可知，正如祖父所说的那样，他们的问题随着年龄的增长也比20年前大了。29A.imaginingBexperiencingCimprovingDlearningD根据空后的how to be a mom可知，这个阶段“我”需要学习的便是如何做一个不去帮助他们的妈妈。30A.wa
60、rningsBexcusesCmemoriesDtheoriesA根据空前Worried about可知，最近因为担心大儿子，所以“我”一直给他重复一些注意事项。31A.helpfulByoungCintelligentDpowerfulA根据最后一段的helpful可知，此空指“我”已经帮不上忙了。32A.happyBdifferentCshockedDregretfulA但是看到他可以很好地处理自己的生活，“我”也感到很高兴。33A.judgeBmanageCsaveDchangeB参考上题解析。34A.jobBhistoryCroleDtimeC根据空后内容可知，我们的角色互换后，如今是
61、儿子安抚“我”，然后在自己的后视镜中冲“我”微笑。与第二段中“我”对儿子的做法形成对比。35A.acceptsBcontrolsCinvitesDcomfortsD参考上题解析。第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)Venice is an attractive city between the sea and the sky. The city 36. (consist) of over 100 islands and there arent any cars or buses. All the islands 37. (link) by canals and bridges, m
62、aking it 38. (convenience) for people to travel around the city. The bestknown of the canals, the Grand Canal, serves 39. the main street in the part of the city.Venice has a lot of worldfamous tourist 40. (attraction), including Saint Marks Square, the Doges Palace and Saint Marks Basilica，41. is t
63、he citys most famous church. Every year thousands 42. tourists visit this beautiful city.They always find themselves 43. (impress) by the citys cultural treasures.Sadly, the Italian city has been regularly flooded by rising sea water over the years. From November to February, sea level rises up to o
64、ne and a half meters，44. (cover) many of Venices famous areas. But people in Venice still love their city. They are unwilling 45. (leave). Instead, they want to stay there to save Venice from the sea.【语篇解读】本文语篇类型是说明文。主题语境是文化。威尼斯是一座海天相连的迷人城市，每年吸引了成千上万的游客来此地旅游观光。36consists考查动词的时态和语态。这里说的是客观事实，用一般现在时；c
65、onsist of不能用于被动语态。37are linked考查动词时态和语态。这些岛屿是被连接起来，故用被动语态；这里说的是一般情况，用一般现在时。38convenient考查词性转换。空白处所填词在句中作宾语补足语，需用convenience的形容词形式。39as考查固定短语。serve as是固定短语，意为“充当；担任”。40attractions考查名词。空前有a lot of修饰，故用其复数形式。41which考查非限制性定语从句。关系代词which引导定语从句，修饰先行词Saint Marks Basilica，并在从句中作主语。42of考查固定搭配。thousands of.意为
66、“成千上万的”。43impressed考查动词的语态。过去分词impressed by.作宾语补足语，宾语与宾补动作之间是被动关系。44covering考查非谓语动词。covering many of Venices famous areas是现在分词短语作结果状语(分词动作cover与逻辑主语之间是主动关系。)45to leave 考查动词不定式。be unwilling to do sth.意为“不愿做某事”。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华。你在英国参加国际交流活动期间，打算参观大英博物馆。你在网上看到一则相关的广告，但有一些信息不明确。请给大英博物馆的
67、负责人发一封邮件，询问有关情况。注意：1词数80左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【参考范文】Dear Sir / Madam，Your advertisement on the Internet has caught my attention. I am planning to visit the British Museum. Now I am writing to find out more information about it.Firstly, I am just wondering whether it is open on the weekend and when it
68、is open on Fridays.Secondly, could you tell me how much the visitor has to pay for the admission? Besides, I want to know how long it takes to visit the museum.I would be grateful if you could provide more information for me.I am looking forward to your early reply.Yours，Li Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容
69、和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。I should have been born with my fingers permanently glued to a keyboard.Since I was five, Ive known that I want to be a professional writer: a journalist, a novelist, a modernday Shakespeare, maybe.In my freshman year I tried to figure out what A Midsummer Night
70、s Dream and The Tragedy of Julius Caesar were about. Macbeth was much easier to understand in my sophomore year (大二年级)However, Im practically addicted to books, whether Im reading or writing them. I cant go a single day without writing something.I have made it a rule to pick up a pen and just let my
71、 thoughts out every day.I can be inspired by anything: an expression, a song or a movie.Once I get inspired, its like the wheels turning faster and faster as I think out one possible story after another.My family is so widespread that whenever I meet with a cousin or an aunt I only vaguely (模糊地) rem
72、ember; I tell him or her Im a writer because I know it will distinguish me from all the other kids in the family and make me memorable.I told my relatives about the stories I used to write as a child，the projects Im working on now, and why Im working so hard to make a breakthrough in the competitive
73、 world of publishing.One aunt hugged me and told me，“Just dont forget about the rest of us when you become the next J. K. Rowling.”Smiling, I replied, “Dont worry, I wont.” I am confident that I will become the next J. K. Rowling.I have the ambition, the means, and the talent. My English and history
74、 teachers dont praise my writing and tell me I have an innate (与生俱来的) writing talent even though they know how passionate I am about writing, and how that passion slips through my fingertips to the paper.Paragraph 1：I dont really know why I love writing so much. Paragraph 2：Maybe I just want to leav
75、e my mark on the world since I cant sing to create a great work of art. 【参考范文】Paragraph 1：I dont really know why I love writing so much. I just do. I always feel that there is something in my mind about putting a story down on paper for friends across the globe to read and understand, and about find
76、ing just the right words to describe what I can see so clearly in my head, which attracts me like a beautiful song. Writing makes me who I am.Through writing I have found true happiness.Paragraph 2：Maybe I just want to leave my mark on the world since I cant sing to create a great work of art. Although I am a pretty good actor, acting doesnt seem like the right path for me, so Ive chosen writing to make a breakthrough in this world. I am a novelist，journalist and graduate of Columbia University. How nice it sounds！
