1、Unit 2 Poems grammar课时作业第一节 阅读理解AHowever exciting space exploration sounds, theres a necessary and important point about it that needs to be considered: food supplies. Right now, astronauts typically rely on dry food in airtight bags and cans, since there are strict weight limits on items taken into
2、 space. Foods that we take for granted, such as fresh fruit and vegetables, are out of the question for space explorers. For those whove made an effort to try to grow food during space flights, theyve faced many difficulties, including the absence of gravity, and a lack of soil, air and humidity(湿度)
3、. However, growing food to add and minimise(最小化) the food that must be carried to space will be increasingly important on long-duration flights into space. Great efforts have been made to explore the concept(idea) of space farming. Recently, a team led by Federico Maggi at the University of Sydney i
4、n Australia have worked out how plants can absorb nutrients from human urine(尿), as was reported by New Scientist on March 27. After over 20 years of experiments, the results suggested that human urine could supply three to four out of the six nutrients that plants need. The researchers also found o
5、ut that urine-fertilised plants produce no harmful by-products, such as carbon dioxide or ammonia. According to New Scientist, human urine is 95 percent water, with the other 5 percent made from nutrients which are harmful to the human body but not to plants. The advantage of this urine-fueled life
6、support system is obvious: By recycling liquid waste and producing food, an efficient cycle will be created. And most importantly, said New Scientist, the duration of space flights will be greatly extended to “20 years of flight”, meaning we may be soon sending astronauts on flights to Mars, or even
7、 beyond. 1. What does the underlined part “out of the question” in the first paragraph probably mean?A. Impossible.B. Unnecessary.C. Unimportant.D. Uncertain.解析: 词义猜测题。根据上文“Right now, astronauts typically rely on dry food in airtight bags and cans, since there are strict weight limits on items taken
8、 into space.”可知,目前宇航员通常依赖于装在密封的袋子和罐子里的干燥食品,因为带进太空的物品有严格的重量限制。故可推测我们认为理所当然的食品,如新鲜水果和蔬菜对于太空探索者来说是“不可能的;难以实现的”。impossible不可能的;unnecessary不必要的;unimportant不重要的;uncertain不确定的。故选A。答案:A2. What can we learn from the research by the University of Sydney?A. Human urine is harmless to plants. B. Human urine pro
9、vides six necessary nutrients for plants. C. Urine fertiliser is safer and more productive than chemical fertiliser. D. Urine-fertilised plants only release a small amount of carbon dioxide. 解析: 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The researchers also found out that urine-fertilised plants produce no harmful by-products,
10、such as carbon dioxide or ammonia.”可知,研究人员发现尿肥植物不产生有害的副产品,如二氧化碳或氨。由此可知将人类尿液用于太空农业的最大优势是它对植物无害。答案:A3. What is the biggest advantage of using human urine for space farming, according to New Scientist?A. It does little harm to the environment in space. B. It could create conditions for long-term space
11、flights. C. It will greatly reduce the cost of farming in space. D. Urine-fertilised plants are healthier and taste better. 解析: 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,最重要的是,太空飞行的时间会延长,到更远的行星探索成为可能。故选B。答案:B4. Whats the text mainly about?A. The significance of space farming. B. Problems faced by astronauts on long-term space
12、 flights. C. How to use human urine to produce food in space. D. A possible new way to grow food in space. 解析: 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Recently, a team led by Federico Maggi at the University of Sydney in Australia have worked out how plants can absorb nutrients from human urine, as was reported by New Scienti
13、st on March 27.”可知,本文主要介绍了一种使在太空上种植植物成为可能的新方式。答案:DBThe full moon climbs over the eastern horizon(地平线) and hangs like a huge orange globe in the sky. After a few hours, the moon is overhead but seems to have changed. The huge orange globe has become a small silver disk. What has happened? Why has the
14、 orange colour disappeared? Why does the moon seem so much smaller and farther away now that it is overhead?The moon appears orange on the horizon because we view it through the dust of the atmosphere. The overhead moon does not really shrink(缩小) as it moves away from the horizon. Our eyes inform us
15、 that the overhead moon is farther away. But in this position the moon is actually closer to our eyes than when it is near the horizon. The change in size is a trick our eyes and minds play on us. When the moon is low in the sky, we can compare its size with familiar objects. It is easy to see that
16、the moon is much larger than trees or buildings, for example. When the moon is high in the sky, however, it is hard to compare it with objects on Earth. Compared to the vastness of the sky, the moon seems small. There is another reason why the moon seems to shrink. We are used to staring at objects
17、straight ahead of us. When an object is difficult to see, our eyes have to try to focus on it. When we move our heads back to look up, we will try hard again. Looking at something from an unaccustomed position can fool you into believing an object is smaller or farther away than it is. However, scie
18、ntists do not yet understand completely why the moon seems to shrink as it rises in the sky. 5. What makes us puzzled when the moon is high in the sky?A. It becomes large. B. It looks different. C. Its colour disappears. D. Its shape changes. 解析: 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“After a few hours, the moon is overhead
19、 but seems to have changed. The huge orange globe has become a small silver disk. What has happened? Why has the orange colour disappeared? Why does the moon seem so much smaller and farther away now that it is overhead?”可知,当月亮高挂天空的时候,它的颜色、大小都变了,看起来不同了。答案:B6. What really happens when the moon floats
20、 farther away from the horizon?A. It comes nearer. B. It turns orange. C. It goes farther. D. It gets through dust. 解析: 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The overhead moon does not really shrink as it moves away from the horizon. Our eyes inform us that the overhead moon is farther away. But in this position the moon i
21、s actually closer to our eyes than when it is near the horizon.”可知,当月亮离地平线远的时候,其实它离我们更近。答案:A7. What can we infer from the text?A. The size of the moon often changes. B. The moon is in fact a huge orange globe. C. The moon is beginning to shrink much. D. We do not see the moon as it really is. 解析: 推理
22、判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“However, scientists do not yet understand completely why the moon seems to shrink as it rises in the sky.”可知我们没有看清月亮的“真面目”。答案:DCTelevision has changed our lives in many ways. Many people now spend more time watching TV than doing anything else. Researchers have estimated(估计) that when
23、 most students leave school they have spent 11,000 hours in the classroom and 22,000 hours watching television.8?Benefits of television:1. Television helps us to learn more about the world and to know and see many new things. Television can offer present information to us in a more effective way tha
24、n books. 9. 2. It entertains us. It is an enjoyable way to relax ourselves. For millions of people around the world, television is a source of companion-ship and helps them to cope with everyday life. 3. It has increased the popularity of sports and arts. 4. 10. In 2000, for example, 1.5 million peo
25、ple in 147 countries watched a TV pop concert and helped to collect more than $100 million for people in Africa. Dangers:1. Television makes us passive(被动的). 11.2. It encourages us to buy unnecessary things sometimes. There are many advertisements on television, 12. 3. It takes time away from activi
26、ties such as reading, conversation, and games. 4. Some critics(批评家) say that television makes people violent. A ten-year study showed that children who watch television programmes are more likely to be violent themselves. A. Television makes us activeB. But what effect does this haveC. It can also make things more memorableD. We dont have to think and our brains become lazyE. however, this kind of advertisement might not be suitableF. Television has made us aware of our globalresponsibilitiesG. the main purpose of which is to make customers spend money答案:8.B9.C10.F11.D12.G
