1、Unit 2 Morals and Virtues课时素养检测六Unit 2Period 2. 阅读理解ALast year, around Labor Day, I read a “Happy Ad” in our local newspaper. There was a lady in a local nursing home for the aged, who was celebrating her 90th birthday and her family wanted everyone to know about it. It said that if you wanted to dr
2、op her a line, here was her address. So I did. I found a birthday card and dropped her a short note, wishing her a happy birthday. A week or so later, someone knocked at my front door. I opened the door and found a middle aged man standing on my doorstep. He introduced himself as the son of this wom
3、an to whom I had sent the card. He explained that he just wanted to drop by in person and thank me for sending such a nice card to his mom. Apparently, like many older folks, she did not receive many mails and was quite excited to receive mine. I just didnt know what to say. I told him it was my ple
4、asure and that I hoped his mom had enjoyed her birthday. That year, I did not send out any Christmas card, except to this lovely old lady in the nursing home. I just told her that I was thinking about her and hoped that she had a nice holiday. I sent her a holiday card and also a couple of notes in
5、between. I just thought she might like to have someone write to her, to get some mails. She passed away a couple of months ago. I never met this lady, but I did keep her and her family in my thoughts. I dropped them a line of sympathy. I hope that my few little notes were enough to brighten a couple
6、 of her days here on earth. 【语篇概述】本文主要讲述了作者的一个善意的行为给老人带来了惊喜。从而告诉我们, 要多做好事, 多做善事。1. The old lady lived _. A. at her sons homeB. at her own homeC. in a senior citizens homeD. in a center of the local newspaper【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段中“There was a lady in a local nursing home for the aged, who was celebratin
7、g her 90th birthday and her family wanted everyone to know about it. ”可知这位老人住在养老院。故选C。2. From the text, we can know that _. A. the son of this old lady opened the door to meet the authorB. the lovely old lady received many birthday cards at the age of 90C. the family wanted the author to celebrate t
8、he old ladys 90th birthdayD. the author sent another card with notes to the old lady on Christmas Day【解析】选D。细节理解题。通读全文, 根据第三段中“I sent her a holiday card and also a couple of notes in between. ”可知, 在圣诞节那天, 作者又给老太太寄去了一张卡片。故选D。3. What is the passage mainly about? A. A moving story of an old lady. B. A
9、worthy deed from the caring author. C. A happy advertisement about the family. D. A perfect plan from the considerate son. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本文讲述了作者的一个善意的行为给老人带来了惊喜的故事。故选B。B(2020张家口高一检测)Watson entered Mr Smiths office. The boss was a hard man. He fired people who didnt do well without giving them a secon
10、d chance. “Watson, ” said Mr Smith, “this past year your department hasnt earned money. Were going to drop that department. Its finished. Im sorry-but youll have to go. ” “But, sir-if I just had a little more time. For the moment I need the job to keep my son at Riverside School. ”“Whats that! ” sai
11、d the Boss. “Riverside! I didnt know you had a boy there. Thats an expensive school for a man with your salary. ”“I know, sir. But he likes it so much! Hes a star trackman(田径运动员)and the best boxer in the school. The boys call him Champ(冠军)there. ”The Boss sat perfectly still for a long time-a farawa
12、y look in his eyes. Then, suddenly, he said, “Weve got to close your department, Watson. But youll take over a new job in another department. It means long hours-maybe more pay. Now get out. Youre here for life. ”Watson got out, with surprise in his face. Then the Boss took a letter from the top dra
13、wer of his desk. It was Herbies last letter from Riverside School-written a few days before he died. He had read it over and over again with sick pain. The letter read: I cant say the boys here are any nicer to me than the others were. I guess its the same everywhere when youre a cripple(跛脚的人). But
14、dont worry about me, Dad. Theyve got a good chemistry department here. And theres one boy here who is really great. Hes a track star and boxing champ and just tops in chemistry. The boys call him Champ. He made them stop throwing my books around. And he knocked a boy down who hit me. He is the best
15、friend I ever had. Dad, when I grow up, I want to do something for Champ. Something big-that he wont even know about. Your son, Herbie【语篇概述】文章讲述了Mr Smith已经去世的儿子Herbie曾受到Watson儿子的帮助, 于是Mr Smith帮助了Watson的故事。4. Watson was given a second chance because_. A. a man was needed in another departmentB. Mr Sm
16、ith wanted to realize his sons dreamC. Mr Smith wanted to help Watsons sonD. Herbie told Mr Smith to do so in his letter【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后He is the best friend I ever had. Dad, when I grow up, I want to do something for Champ. Something bigthat he wont even know about. 可知Watson的儿子帮助了Mr Smith的儿子, Mr
17、 Smith想实现他儿子的梦想。故选B。5. The underlined word “drop” in Paragraph 2 could best be replaced by _. A. punish B. fall C. close D. sell【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段this past year your department hasnt earned money. Were going to drop that department. Its finished. 可知这个部门不挣钱, 老板准备关闭这个部门, 故选C。6. It can be inferred from
18、 the text that Champ is _. A. a classmate of Watsons sonB. Watsons sonC. the son of Mr Smiths friendD. Mr Smiths son【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段I know, sir. But he likes it so much! Hes a star trackman and the best boxer in the school. The boys call him Champ there. 可知Champ就是Watson的儿子。故选B。7. From the text we
19、know that Herbie _. A. made friends with many boysB. was a college studentC. died from an incurable diseaseD. didnt live to grow up【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段It was Herbies last letter from Riverside Schoolwritten a few days before he died. 可知Herbie已经去世了, 故选D。8. Watson and Mr Smith both_. A. loved their
20、sons deeplyB. were hard menC. knew ChampD. were interested in chemistry【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据文章可知, Watson恳求老板让他继续工作, 为了让儿子能够在学校继续念书; 老板Mr Smith为了完成儿子的遗愿决定把Watson留下来。从而可以推断出, Watson和Mr Smith都深爱着自己的孩子。故选A。. 完形填空Life is to be lived. No excuses. No reservations (保留). No holding back. A story about the violinis
21、t Fritz Kreisler tells how he once 1 a beautiful instrument he wanted to acquire. When he eventually raised the money for the violin, he returned to 2 it and learned that it had already been sold to a collector. He went to the new owners home in order to try to 3 him to sell the violin. 4, the colle
22、ctor said it was one of his prized possessions and that he could not let it go. Kreisler felt 5 and turned to leave, but then asked a favor, “May I play the instrument once more 6 it is put away? ”Permission was given and the great musician began to play. The 7 sang out a quality of music which was
23、so beautiful that the collector himself could only listen in 8. “I have no right to keep that to myself, ” he said after the musician finished. “The violin is yours, Mr Kreisler. Take it into the world, and let people 9 it. ”You and I are excellent violinsour10 is meant to be heard. I want to live m
24、y life in that wayto take it into the world and live it fully. Id rather burn out than rust out. Id rather be 11 than die not having done whatever I could. Im not talking about 12 ourselves by doing too much. Happiness is never found in hurry. But it is found in investing our lives in others. Say ye
25、s when asked for a hand. 13 to work for a worthwhile organization. Spend an hour with a 14 relative. In the end, I know that my happiness is not about my ability or my inability. It is about how much I 15 to others. 【语篇概述】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了小提琴演奏者Fritz Kreisler如何失而复得自己一直想要的小提琴。通过这个故事, 作者领悟到快乐来源于自己给世界贡献了什
26、么, 自己是否活得充实。1. A. found out B. came acrossC. came toD. picked out【解析】选B。根据下文可知, 小提琴家弗里茨克莱斯勒有一次看见了自己想要的一把小提琴, 等他凑够了钱再回去买时, 却被告知已被人买走了。find out意为“找出; 查明”; come across意为“偶然遇到”; come to意为“总计为”; pick out意为“挑选出”。故选B项。2. A. buy B. play C. pick D. get【解析】选A。根据空后的it had already been sold及下文中的_ him to sell th
27、e violin可知, 弗里茨克莱斯勒凑够钱是想去买小提琴的。故选A项。3. A. force B. persuade C. advise D. ask【解析】选B。弗里茨克莱斯勒十分想买那把小提琴, 下文中又有收藏家坚决不卖的细节, 由此可知, 此处应该是弗里茨克莱斯勒试着说服收藏家把小提琴卖给他。force意为“迫使”; persuade意为“说服”; advise意为“建议”; ask意为“要求”。故选B项。4. A. ThereforeB. BesidesC. HoweverD. Otherwise【解析】选C。弗里茨克莱斯勒希望收藏家把小提琴卖给他, 而收藏家却说那把小提琴是他最宝贵
28、的财产之一。由此可知, 上下文是转折关系。therefore意为“因此”; besides意为“此外”; however意为“然而”; otherwise意为“否则”。故选C项。5. A. disappointedB. angryC. helplessD. desperate【解析】选A。收藏家没有把小提琴卖给购琴心切的弗里茨克莱斯勒, 所以他一定感到失望。disappointed意为“失望的”, 符合语境。angry意为“愤怒的”; helpless意为“无助的”; desperate意为“绝望的”。故选A项。6. A. unless B. after C. until D. before【
29、解析】选D。弗里茨克莱斯勒爱琴却得不到琴, 所以请求在小提琴被收起来之前(before)用它演奏一曲。故选D项。7. A. violin B. musician C. singer D. violinist【解析】选A。根据上文可知, 此处应是小提琴发出无比悦耳的声音。故选A项。8. A. amazementB. agreementC. puzzlementD. embarrassment【解析】选A。此处为so. . . that. . . 引导结果状语从句, 指小提琴在音乐家的演奏下发出了无比悦耳的声音, 再根据下文收藏家将小提琴送给弗里茨克莱斯勒可知, 此处指收藏家大为惊讶。amazem
30、ent意为“吃惊; 惊奇”; agreement意为“同意”; puzzlement意为“迷惑; 困惑”; embarrassment意为“尴尬”。故选A项。9. A. see B. know C. feel D. hear【解析】选D。这里是指让世人听到美妙的琴声。故选D项。10. A. story B. sound C. music D. message【解析】选C。此处是作者发出的感慨: 如果你我是精美的小提琴那么我们的音乐就应该被世人听到。此处指小提琴发出的美妙音乐, 而不仅仅是某种声音, 故选C项。11. A. hung upB. put upC. used upD. dressed
31、 up【解析】选C。上文提到“Id rather burn out than rust out. (我宁愿将自己燃尽, 也不愿让自己锈迹斑斑)”, 紧接着一个同样的句型Id rather. . . than die not having done whatever I could. 含义也应该相近。hang up意为“挂断电话”; put up意为“张贴; 搭建; 提供住宿”; use up意为“用尽”; dress up意为“打扮”。C项符合语境。句意: 我宁愿将生命全部耗尽, 也不愿临死之时自己能做的事情都没做。12. A. exhaustingB. requestingC. fighti
32、ngD. changing【解析】选A。本句承上启下, 既是对上文中感叹生活的解释, 同时也引出下文关于幸福的真谛。结合空后的“by doing too much”可知, 此处指不是要我们过度劳累从而变得精疲力竭。exhaust意为“耗尽”, 符合语境。request意为“要求”; fight意为“战斗”; change意为“改变”。故选A项。13. A. StruggleB. VolunteerC. ManageD. Promise【解析】选B。上文提到“幸福不在于过度忙碌, 而在于帮助他人”, 因此应该为一个值得花费精力的组织去做一个志愿者。struggle意为“奋斗; 挣扎”; volu
33、nteer意为“志愿”; manage意为“设法做”; promise意为“许诺”。故选B项。14. A. special B. close C. tired D. lonely【解析】选D。根据Spend an hour可知, 此处指花费时间陪伴孤独的(lonely)亲戚。故选D项。special意为“特殊的”; close意为“亲密的”; tired意为“疲劳的”。15. A. turn B. treat C. give D. adapt【解析】选C。文章最后几段作者的感悟都是在强调帮助别人获得快乐, 所以此处指能给予就是快乐的。故选C项。【规律方法】从语境入手, 细心辨析词义所谓语境,
34、是指文章上下文的连贯一致, 它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。所以做题时, 一定要从整体上把握文章内容, 区分文章的结构层次和文章的内在逻辑关系, 同时认真比较所给选项, 并从中选出最符合语境的答案。如“完形填空”的第5题: 收藏家没有把小提琴卖给购琴心切的弗里茨克莱斯勒, 由常识和文章逻辑可知, 他一定感到失望。disappointed意为“失望的”, 符合语境。故选A项。. 语法填空This story is about a warm-hearted bus driver, who is a very kind person. I think its a
35、story 1. _ is well worth sharing. One day, I 2. _ (ride) on a bus as usual. This bus driver was on duty that day. Hes very different 3. _ others. He would always have a smile on his face while driving. He would always say “hello”, and whenever a person was leaving the bus, hed tell him 4. _ (have) a
36、 nice day. That day it happened to be raining 5. _ (heavy) and I was sitting near the front row. The bus driver asked me if I had a long way to go, and offered to lend me 6. _ umbrella. I was moved after 7. (hear) what he said. I told him I didnt need it for the short path I took. Soon before I left
37、, another woman also entered and 8. _ (ask) the same question by the driver. I saw that she accepted his 9. (kind). So, yeah, its very nice to know there are such warm-hearted people out there. I told this story to my friends, and they were really 10. _ (surprise) that there are such kind people out
38、 there. 【语篇概述】作者讲述了一位好心司机的故事。1. 【解析】that/which。考查定语从句。先行词为story, 故用that或which引导定语从句。2. 【解析】rode。考查动词时态。根据前面的时间状语One day可知, 此处表示过去的动作, 故用ride的过去式rode。3. 【解析】from。考查介词。be different from意为“与不一样”。4. 【解析】to have。考查非谓语动词。tell sb. to do sth. 意为“告诉某人去做某事”。5. 【解析】heavily。考查副词。修饰谓语动词be raining要用heavy的副词形式heav
39、ily。6. 【解析】an。考查冠词。umbrella是第一次提到的单数可数名词, 且是以元音音素开头的, 故用an修饰。7. 【解析】hearing。考查非谓语动词。此处after为介词, 介词之后用动词的-ing形式。8. 【解析】was asked。考查动词的时态和语态。another woman与ask之间是被动关系, 且这是发生在过去的事, 故要用一般过去时的被动语态。9. 【解析】kindness。考查名词。根据语境可知句意为: 我看到她接受了他的好意。10. 【解析】surprised。考查形容词。此处用形容词作表语, 意为“感到吃惊的”。. 阅读理解(2020河北正定中学高二月
40、考)Could the device, smartphone or PC, which you are using, affect the moral decisions you make when using it? To test it, researchers presented multiple dilemmas to a sample set of 1, 010 people. The participants were assigned a device at random. One case of the questions participants were asked is
41、the classic “trolley problem”: A runaway trolley is heading towards five people tied up on a set of train tracks. You can do nothing, resulting in the deaths of five people, or push a man off a bridge, which will stop the trolley. The practical response is to kill one man to save five lives, which 3
42、3. 5 percent of smartphone users chose, compared to 22. 3 percent of PC users. “What we found in our study is that when people used a smartphone to view classic moral problems, they were more likely to make more unemotional, reasonable decisions when presented with a highly emotional dilemma, ” Dr.
43、Albert Barque-Duran, the lead author of the study, told City University of London. “This could be due to the increased time pressure often present with smartphones and also the increased psychological distance which can occur when we use such devices compared to PCs. ”As for why the researchers star
44、ted this study, Dr. Barque-Duran noted, “Due to the fact that our social lives, work and even shopping take place online, it is important to think about how the contexts where we typically face moral decisions and are asked to engage in moral behavior have changed, and the impact this could have on
45、the hundreds of millions of people who use such devices daily. ”Its clear that we need more research on how our devices affect our moral decision-making because were using screens at an ever increasing rate. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了你所使用的手机或电脑设备能否影响你的道德决策。为此, 研究者对1 010 位参与者做了调查。1. Why did the author menti
46、on the trolley problem? A. To introduce a difficult problem to readers. B. To introduce the aim of carrying out the study. C. To show an example of the questions in the study. D. To show the difficulty in dealing with dilemmas. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的One case of the questions participants were asked is
47、 the classic “trolley problem”可知, 作者提及到电车问题, 只是展示了研究中问题中的一个例子。故选C。2. How do the smartphone users of the study behave in dealing with emotional dilemmas? A. Calmly. B. Cruelly. C. Carelessly. D. Enthusiastically. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中的What we found in our study is that when people used a smartphone to
48、view classic moral problems, they were more likely to make more unemotional, reasonable decisions when presented with a highly emotional dilemma可知, 面对情感困境, 手机使用者更能够镇定和理智地处理。故选A。3. Dr. Albert believes that compared with PCs, smartphones _. A. help people bear more pressureB. help people make decision
49、s quicklyC. make people feel more mentally distantD. make people stay happier to solve problems【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的This could be due to the increased time pressure often present with smartphones and also the increased psychological distance which can occur when we use such devices compared to PCs. 可
50、知, 与电脑相比较, 手机更使人感到精神上的疏远。故选C。4. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. The importance of smartphones. B. The significance of the study. C. How to make moral decisions. D. What affects peoples daily life. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据最后一段第一句话As for why the researchers started this study和下文Dr. Barque-Duran博士指出的原因可知, 人们生活中使用各种电子设备的频率越来越高, 这些电子设备如何影响人们的道德决策, 这正是文章所介绍的研究意义所在。故选B。
