1、Unit 4 History and Traditions单元素养评价(四) (Unit 4)(120分钟150分)听力材料为教师用书独具第一部分听力 (共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1M: Hello! This is Tom Davis. I have an appointment with Mrs Jones at nine oclock this mornin
2、g, but Im afraid Ill have to be about fifteen minutes late. W: Thats all right, Mr Davis. She doesnt have another appointment scheduled until ten oclock. 1. When will the man probably meet with Mrs Jones? A. At 9: 00. B. At 9: 15. C. At 10: 00. 答案: BText 2W: Hi, Tom. Nice and warm today, isnt it? M:
3、 Yes, beautiful. I hope it can stay warm until this weekend. W: But the weather report says it is going to rain from tomorrow. M: Oh, no, I hate rain. 2. Whats the weather probably like tomorrow? A. Snowy. B. Warm. C. Rainy. 答案: CText 3M: Celia, you see those girls over there? They need another play
4、er for a basketball game. Would you like to join them? W: Seems like its a game for fun. Sure, Ill be there in a minute. 3. What will Celia do? A. Find a player. B. Watch a game. C. Play basketball. 答案: CText 4M: Hi, Maggie. Im coming, but its snowing and the traffic is moving slowly. W: OK, David.
5、Take your time. Well wait for you, so we can have dinner together. 4. Where is the man now? A. On his way. B. In a restaurant. C. At home. 答案: AText 5W: Oh, my God! Your lies really drive me mad! Are you trying to make a fool of me? M: No, I didnt lie. I told the truth this time. 5. What do we know
6、about the woman? A. She is making a joke. B. She is telling a lie. C. She is getting angry. 答案: C第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6M: All right, Sarah. We know that youre
7、 planning something big for Johns birthday. Could you tell us just what you have in your mind? W: I wanted to make his birthday a very special event. John has a sister living in France, and Ill send her a plane ticket, so that she can be here for his birthday. M: Boy! What an excellent plan! Thats s
8、omething special. I guessed you had some secret plan and were waiting for the right time to tell me. W: Well, I didnt want to say anything until I was sure she could come. 6. What is Sarah going to do? A. Buy John a gift. B. Give John a surprise. C. Invite John to France. 答案: B7. What does the man t
9、hink of Sarahs plan? A. Funny. B. Exciting. C. Strange. 答案: B听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。Text 7W: Have you been to the new sports center, Jack? M: Hey, Diana. Yeah, I have. W: Does Bus 18 go there? M: Thats right. It takes fifteen minutes. Dont take Bus 21 or Bus 25, because you have to walk a long way. W: I li
10、ke doing sports early in the morning. Is it open by 7 a. m. ? M: Yes, you can get in at 6 a. m. , except on Sundays, when it doesnt open until 9. The swimming pool has good hot showers; you have to bring your own towel but you can get soap there. You dont have to wear a swimming cap, which is really
11、 nice. Want to join me next week? W: Id love to! How about Wednesday? M: OK. See you then. 8. Which bus should the woman take? A. Bus 18. B. Bus 21. C. Bus 25. 答案: A9. What does the man tell the woman to bring herself? A. The soap. B. The towel. C. The swimming cap. 答案: B听第8段材料, 回答第1012题。Text 8W: We
12、lcome to the program. This afternoon Im standing in the middle of the northern Black Forest, with Rainer Sanger. M: Good afternoon, Sarah. W: Rainer，youre very concerned about this area of the forest, arent you? Can you tell us why? M: Well, much of the forest was wiped out in the terrible storm las
13、t winter, as you can see. Many of the trees are dead, and more are dying because of the damage. We believe that the government isnt doing enough right now to make this beautiful forest get into its former state. W: I see. But have you spoken to the government about this? M: We have tried, but each t
14、ime they say that they havent got enough money. They are always using money as the excuse. Its getting really disappointing! W: But its not just an excuse, is it? They clearly dont have enough money for everything and the storm came unexpectedly. M: Of course we know that, but the point is that we a
15、rent asking for money. What we need right now is their guidancewe can provide volunteers to work on the forest. 10. What is the woman? A. A guide. B. A reporter. C. A governor. 答案: B11. How does the man feel about the present state of the forest? A. Nervous. B. Curious. C. Worried. 答案: C12. What doe
16、s the man expect the government to do? A. To offer guidance. B. To give them money. C. To provide volunteers. 答案: A听第9段材料, 回答第1316题。Text 9M: How do you usually get to work in the morning? W:I try to ride my bike most of the time. Of course, when Im late, I will take the subway. M: I always seem to b
17、e five or ten minutes late for everything. I drive to work every day, so if the traffic is bad, I have to think of a new way to apologize to my boss for being late. W: Does your boss yell at you if youre late? M: No, not really. He knows that I live far away. I stay late whenever I dont make it on t
18、ime in the morning, and it probably helps that I earn a fair amount of money for the company year after year. W: Have you ever considered moving into the city to be closer to your job? M: To be honest, I would rather change jobs than houses! My wife loves our house, especially since she works from h
19、ome. Our kids are in great schools. And on the weekends, there are a million things for us to do as a family. W: It does sound nice. For me, though, I love living in the city. There are so many cultural activities, and I love not having to drive. M: Yeah, driving is pretty stressful sometimes. W: I
20、think its also easier to live in the city when you dont have kids. If I were a mom, Id probably live closer to you. M: Well, you and Timothy might want to think about getting started with that. . . W:You sound just like my mother-in-law! 13. How does the woman usually go to work? A. By bike. B. By s
21、ubway. C. By car. 答案: A14. What will happen if the man is late for work? A. His boss will yell at him. B. He will work overtime. C. He will be fined. 答案: B15. Why does the woman like living in the city? A. It makes it easier to work from home. B. Her kids will get into good schools. C. There are man
22、y interesting things to do. 答案: C16. What do the speakers have in common? A. They both have children. B. They are both married. C. They both like driving. 答案: B听第10段材料, 回答第1720题。Text 10M: Hello, everybody! Welcome to St. Louis. My name is Jack. I hope you will have a wonderful trip here with us. Im
23、the organizer of the activities. To make sure youll have fun while you are here, we have made some arrangements for you. On Wednesday afternoon, well go together on a walking tour of the city, both the older and the more modern areas, where you can see some of the fantastic things here you may have
24、read about. Then on Thursday afternoon, we are off to the sports center where you can enjoy yourselves by playing basketball or going swimming. On Friday morning, well do some shopping. After all that, I think you might feel a bit tired, so on Friday afternoon, you can have a good rest to prepare fo
25、r the next day. On Saturday, we are going on a day trip to Washington University by bus. Well leave at 7: 00 in the morning and be back at 6: 00 in the evening. And finally on Sunday, we are off to New York. Well be leaving at 8: 00 in the morningdont be late! If theres anything else youd like to kn
26、ow, please dont hesitate to come and ask me. Thats all! Thank you. 17. What is the arrangement for Wednesday afternoon? A. To do some shopping. B. To go to the sports center. C. To walk around the city. 答案: C18. When will the tourists have a rest? A. On Friday afternoon. B. On Saturday afternoon. C.
27、 On Sunday afternoon. 答案: A19. When will the tourists leave on Saturday? A. At 6: 00. B. At 7: 00. C. At 8: 00. 答案: B20. Where will the tourists go on Sunday? A. St. Louis. B. New York. C. Washington. 答案: B第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2020泰安高一检测)
28、Craziest Food Festivals sounds like a joke topic, but once you start looking into it, youll realize theyre everywherethe crazier, the better. Bibimbap FestivalIn Republic of Korean town of Jeonjuloves, their “mixed rice” dish is a hearty serve of rice topped with raw beef, a rainbow of vegetables, a
29、 raw egg and gochujang sauce (韩国的辣椒酱) so much. They take four days out of October to celebrate it. Like any festival theres music, entertainment and magic, but making it that little bit different is the bibimbap thats whipped (搅拌) up in a big bowl by dozens of chefs and served to over 400 people. Wa
30、ikiki Spam Jam (怀基基午餐肉节)Who knew this canned meat had so much love? Well, it turns out that a can of Spam is the go-to item in Hawaii, along with a grass skirt and garland (花环). The people of Hawaii love Spam so much that they even spend a day in May serving out the best Spam, a type of cheap canned
31、 meat made mainly from pork. Bessieres Easter Egg FestivalAt Easter time, for those in the French town of Bessieres its all about an egg far less sweet. Here they celebrate the holiday by getting dozens of chefs to make one large omelette (煎蛋卷)15, 000 eggs strongfor the townsfolk (市民). Potato Days F
32、estivalThis festival actually takes place in Barnesville, Minnesota(明尼苏达州), the US. Over the last Friday and Saturday in August the town celebrates its potato-growing skills by hosting potato picking and peeling contests, as well as a Miss Tater Tot pageant (盛典) for five- and six-year-old girls. 【文章
33、大意】本文为说明文。主要介绍了四个最疯狂的美食节: 韩国的石锅拌饭节、美国夏威夷州的怀基基午餐肉节、法国的贝西埃尔镇复活节彩蛋节、美国明尼苏达州的土豆节。21. Bibimbap is _. A. a kind of egg cake far less sweetB. a can of meat made mainly from porkC. a fried potato ball covered with sauceD. a rice dish mixed up with vegetables, etc【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据Bibimbap Festival部分的 their “mi
34、xed rice” dish is a hearty serve of rice topped with raw beef, a rainbow of vegetables, a raw egg and gochujang sauce(他们的“什锦饭”是一道丰盛的米饭, 上面放着生牛肉、各种蔬菜、生鸡蛋和辣椒酱)可知Bibimbap 是米饭混合各种蔬菜等而成的, 分析选项可知D项符合题意。22. Waikiki Spam Jam takes place _. A. from 22 to 25 OctoberB. in May in HawaiiC. in Barnesville, Minnes
35、otaD. in a French town【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据Waikiki Spam Jam部分的The people of Hawaii love Spam so much that they even spend a day in May serving. . . 可知, Waikiki Spam Jam发生在夏威夷, 时间是5月份。由此可知B项符合题意。23. If Jim wants to learn Asian food culture, hed better go to _. A. Bibimbap FestivalB. Waikiki Spam JamC. Bess
36、ieres Easter Egg Festival D. Potato Days Festival【解析】选A。推理判断题。通读全文可知, 四个最疯狂的美食节Bibimbap Festival是在韩国, Waikiki Spam Jam在美国, Bessieres Easter Egg Festival在法国, Potato Days Festival在美国。分析选项可知, 韩国是属于亚洲的, 故想了解亚洲饮食文化, 要去韩国的Bibimbap Festival, 故选A。【方法技巧】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持, 这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要, 同时也是归纳和概括文
37、章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章, 以获得某些特定的信息, 或准确地寻求所需的细节, 并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。如第1小题就属于细节理解题中较为简单的细节辨认。根据Bibimbap Festival部分的 their “mixed rice” dish is a hearty serve of rice topped with raw beef, a rainbow of vegetables, a raw egg and gochujang sauce(他们的“什锦饭”是一道丰盛的米饭, 上面放着生牛肉、各种蔬菜、生鸡蛋和辣椒酱)可知Bibimbap 是米
38、饭混合各种蔬菜等而成的, 分析选项可知D符合题意, 故选D。解答此类试题时, 不必通篇细看原文, 而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法, 先从问题中抓住关键性词语(题眼), 然后以此为线索, 运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的段落、语句, 仔细品味, 对照比较, 确定答案。当然细节理解题有时考查的并不是单一的信息, 而是多处信息的整合。解答此类“综合”信息细节题时, 一定要全面捕捉相关信息, 进行综合分析、归纳, 切忌根据“一面之词”草率地作出结论。B(2020石家庄高一检测)Kyle Schwartz, a third grade teacher from Denver, Col
39、orado, unlocked the secret stories of her students lives. 92% of the pupils at Doull Elementary School rely on a subsidized(补助的)lunch program, just one sign of the hardships they face. But Schwartz discovered that no money for lunch was the least of these childrens problems: many struggled with the
40、lack of a parent at home, bullying (欺凌), and stress about their marks. Schwartz asked her students to answer the question, “What do you wish your teacher knew? ” and to submit their notes anonymously. What they wrote will surprise you. While some children used the notes to jokingly complain about ho
41、mework or to ask for more playtime, Ms Schwartz said some of the answers were “heartbreaking”, as children showed their hard lives. One student told Ms Schwartz that he did not have pencils at home to do his homework, and another said that they hadnt seen their father for six years. There was also a
42、 student who wrote, “I wish my teacher knew sometimes my homework is not signed because my mom is not around a lot. ”She shared some of them via Twitter using the hashtag I Wish My Teacher Knew. She received an immediate response and other teachers and schools started using the hashtag to share thei
43、r own teaching experiences. As a result, the tag trended nationally in the United States. The story was picked up by national newspapers and even international sources such as The Sydney Morning Herald. Doull Elementary School received numerous donations of school supplies for its students due to an
44、swers such as “I wish my teacher knew I dont have pencils to do my homework. ” The story was featured nationally on ABC World News Tonight, which reported that Schwartz had started a “movement” with teachers across the country copying her assignment to learn more about their own students. 【文章大意】本文为记
45、叙文, 讲述的是Kyle Schwartz让学生们写下他们希望老师知道的事情, 学生们写的东西令大家吃惊。Schwartz把学生们写的发到推特上, 引起了美国很多人的关注。24. What can we know from Paragraph 1? A. Most students at Doull Elementary School live a hard life. B. Most students at Doull Elementary School study hard. C. Kyle Schwartz is curious about others privacy. D. Kyle
46、 Schwartz struggles on a daily basis. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知, 这个学校92%的学生过着艰苦的生活。故选A。25. We can infer from the passage _. A. some students thought Kyle Schwartz was strictB. most children lived with their parentsC. the children handed in their notes without their names on themD. some children were t
47、o drop out because of poverty【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段的“submit their notes anonymously”可知, 孩子们交他们的纸条时是匿名交的。故选C。26. How did other teachers react to Kyles idea? A. Worried. B. Indifferent. C. Doubted. D. Positive. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段的“other teachers and schools started using the hashtag to share their own tea
48、ching experiences”可知, 其他老师反应积极, 支持她的做法。故选D。27. What influence did the story have? A. Not only Americans but also people from other countries are concerned about it. B. People around the world have donated money for the school. C. The school has become the best one in the country. D. Some students ha
49、ve been interviewed by some famous hosts. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段可知, 不仅国内媒体而且国际媒体都在关注这个故事, 并且学校收到了很多给孩子们的捐赠品。故选A。CA Japanese startup called SkyDrive Inc. has begun conducting test flights of their prototype flying car with a human pilot. The company hopes to be able to make a full public demonstration(展
50、示) of the vehicle later this summer. The test flights are being conducted at a protected indoor facility at the companys research flight center outside of Nagoya. There have been a number of previous test flights, but they were all conducted via remote control and no human pilot on board. According
51、to a report in The Asahi Shimbun, SkyDrive says the car could be ready for a limited retail release as early as 2023, and mass production by 2026. SkyDrive was founded by former engineers from Toyota and they intend their vehicle to be “the worlds smallest flying car”. In 2017, Toyota gave the compa
52、ny an infusion of around $350, 000 to help develop flying vehicles. The company said it wont say more about how the test flights have been proceeding so far, but says things are going well enough to continue making them. While concept renders of the flying car present a glossy and slim cabin with fo
53、ur horizontal drone-style propellers at each corner, the testing vehicle looks more like a go-kart. The prototype is around five feet tall thanks to the roll bar and a little less than 12 feet long and 12 feet wide. The company hopes the flying vehicles could help ease traffic congestion, especially
54、 in busy megalopolises like Tokyo. SkyDrive also believe flying vehicles could be helpful in search and rescue missions, and during emergencies where conventional infrastructure becomes unusable. The company is targeting top speed of 62mph while in the air and 93mph while closer to the ground. The c
55、ompany says the vehicle will be able to travel as low as three feet off the ground. 【文章大意】本文为新闻报道, 讲述的是日本的一家公司研发的飞行汽车即将成为现实。28. What does the underlined word “infusion” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Investment. B. Introduction. C. Investigation. D. Concept. 【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句话中的“. . . around $350, 000
56、 to help develop flying vehicles”可知此处表示的是丰田向该公司投资约35万美元帮助研发飞行车辆, 故选A。29. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. SkyDrive Inc. has made a full demonstration of the flying car. B. The company hopes the new flying car will be very helpful and useful. C. No previous test
57、flights have been conducted about the new product. D. The flying car may be ready for a limited retail release by 2026. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句话可知A项错误; 根据第四段最后两句话可知B项正确; 根据第二段第二句话可知C项错误; 根据第三段第一句话可知D项错误。故选B。30. According to the target speed of the flying car, it may take _to travel 930 miles at its to
58、p speed in the air. A. 5 hoursB. 10 hoursC. 15 hoursD. 20 hours【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句话可知, 在空中最高速度为62mph, 930 miles需要15小时, 故选C。31. What could be the best title for the passage? A. A Flying Car Is on the WayB. A Test Flight Will Be ConductedC. A Human Pilot Will Have a FlightD. A Japanese Company Will
59、 Test a New Car【解析】选A。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知本文讲的是日本的一家公司研发的飞行汽车即将成为现实, 与A项一致, 故选A。DBill Gates recently predicted that online learning will make place-based colleges less significant, and five years from now, students will be able to find the best lectures in the world online. I applaud Mr Gates. But whats tak
60、ing us so long? As early as 1997, MIT(麻省理工学院)decided to post videos of all university lectures online, for free, for all people. But today, how many students have you met who mastered advanced mathematics or nuclear physics from an MIT online video? Unfortunately, the answer is not many. The problem
61、 is the poor quality of online education websites and the experience they provide to students. Those who go to the MIT website and watch courses online are surely very smart people, but its not like playing a video game such as World of Warcraft. Only the most ardent students, who are highly motivat
62、ed, will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos. The real question is why we arent spending more to develop better online education platforms. Where is the Avatar of education? Think about this. The market for Hollywood films per year is worth around 30 billion USD. Education in th
63、e world is a trillion-dollar-a-year market, hundreds of times bigger than Hollywood movies. Yet the most expensive digital learning system ever built cost well under 100 million dollars. Bill Gates prediction is going to happen. There is no doubt about it. But it will only happen when we create high
64、 level educational content and experiences that engage and excite more than has ever been possible in the real world. 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。比尔盖茨最近预言网络教育的作用将越来越大, 作者对此深表赞同。32. What has Bill Gates forecast about online learning? A. It will concentrate on physics lectures. B. It will completely replace real u
65、niversities. C. It will help to make universities more successful. D. It will play an increasingly important role in education. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知比尔盖茨预测网上学习在教育中扮演着越来越重要的角色。33. What does the underlined word “ardent” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Creative. B. Enthusiastic. C. Well-behaved. D. Experienc
66、ed. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句. . . who are highly motivated, will devote themselves to studying these boring online videos. 可知, ardent意为“热情的, 热心的”。34. According to the author, what is holding back the popularity of online learning? A. The lack of lectures available online. B. The high cost of access to
67、the websites. C. The low standard of educational websites. D. The competition with online computer games. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句和第四段第一句可知, 作者认为阻碍网络学习普及的是教育网站的质量不高。35. Why does the author mention Hollywood? A. To show that Hollywood produces many successful movies. B. To prove that education is more p
68、rofitable than entertainment. C. To argue that movie directors should produce educational content. D. To argue that more money be spent developing educational websites. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知, 作者通过对教育网站与好莱坞电影的资金投入数据的比较, 主张要重视教育网站的建设, 加大资金投入。【补偿训练】(2020咸阳高一检测)Beginning college is exciting: new ideas
69、 to explore, new challenges to be met and many decisions to be made; your future begins here. However, you will find college life is different from your previous school environment. Many of us can be easily defeated by the details of running a well-balanced life. While some of us may have the know-h
70、ow, I guess there are more of us who can benefit from learning about the experience of others who have walked the college halls before you. The following you may find useful about life on campus: Plan well. There are so many new things to do at a new college or university. Give yourself time to make
71、 new friends and become familiar with the campus, but dont forget why you are there. Give some time for social activities and manage your time wisely. If you dont have a “system” for planning your time now (like a day timer, a potable data book), get one. Most of all, dont depend on your memory. Don
72、t miss the guidelines. The restrictions, rules and regulations of all kinds can usually be found in your students handbook. Consider them well-balanced food for thought. What dates are important? What pieces of paper need to be handed in? What can/cant you do in your student residence (住处)? Who has
73、the right for what? What do you need to complete to graduate? Write the word “STUDY” on the walls of your bedroom and bathroom, and maybe it will help to write it on a piece of paper and stick it on the telephone, TV and the kitchen table. Consider this you are paying thousands of dollars for your c
74、ourses. You pay every time you have to repeat or replace a course. Build your identity. This is the time for you to decide what to do and what not to do. Take as much time as you need to explore new ideas. Do not be afraid of the beyond. This is learning to make good choices. 【文章大意】本文为说明文, 列举了大学生活当中
75、应该注意的事项, 很明显是在建议当今的大学生要有目标, 要有规划, 更要充实, 不要虚度大学生活。1. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain why college life is exciting. B. To persuade you to go to college. C. To describe the importance of college life. D. To offer advice on college life. 【解析】选D。写作意图题。作者一一列举了大学生活当中应该注意的事项, 很明显是在建议当
76、今的大学生要有目标, 要有规划, 更要充实, 不要虚度大学生活。故选D。2. According to the passage, why is it exciting to begin college life? A. Because you will learn a lot of knowledge. B. Because you will no longer be afraid of challenges. C. Because you will make important decisions. D. Because you get yourself prepared for your
77、future career and life there. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。从第一段可知, 伴随着大学生活的开始, 新思想开始出现, 新挑战开始面临, 新未来开始萌芽, 故D项最符合题意。3. The underlined word “know-how” refers to _. A. an understanding of college regulations. B. a brand-new environment. C. practical knowledge concerning college life. D. college rules and regulations.
78、【解析】选C。推理判断题。综合第二段判断, 作者指的some of us这类人属于已经很好地吸收了前人大学经验的人, 因此他们肯定知道自己该做什么, 不该做什么, 也正是对know-how的解释。4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. college students should know what they have fought for on campus. B. college students should spend as much time as possible on s
79、ocial activities. C. college students neednt learn from those who went to college before them. D. college students dont need to pay if they repeat or replace a course. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。综合前两段可知, 大学生应该知道在校园里要为什么而奋斗。B项太片面了, C与D项与原文的意思相反。第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
80、项。How to Turn Your Goals into HabitsFirst we make our habits, then our habits make us. Its such a simple concept, yet its something we dont always do. I believe that having one goal to focus on is much more powerful than having many goals. By putting the belief into practice, I have achieved a lot o
81、f personal goals over time. 36. My answer takes a little explaining. I try to turn my goals into habits, and in doing so! I put my goals on autopilot (自动驾驶仪). Turning a goal into a habit means really focusing on it for at least a month. The more you can focus, the more itll be on autopilot. 37. Youl
82、l still do it, but you only have to use minimal force to maintain it, and you can focus on your next goal or habit. Take my marathon goal as an example. I was just starting running and had the brilliant idea to run a marathon within a year. So that was my goal. 38. First, I had to make running a dai
83、ly habit. Second, I had to report to people in order to have accountability(责任) so that I could not quit easily. I focused on the daily running habit for about a month, and didnt have any other goals or habits. When the running habit stuck, I started reporting to people I knew and blogging about my
84、running every day. 39. I could focus on new goals without having to worry about the marathon. I still had to do the running, of course, but it didnt require constant focus. And eventually, I ran the first marathon in my life. I was able to achieve this because, all year long, I had daily running and
85、 accountability habits. 40, so instead of struggling with it daily for an entire year, I focused on it for one month and was able to accomplish it while focusing on new habits and goals. A. I put my marathon goal on autopilotB. At the beginning, it was very difficult for me to achieve this goalC. Bu
86、t in order to achieve it, I broke it down into two habitsD. With this accountability, theres no way I could stop runningE. Once you put it on autopilot, you dont have to focus on it muchF. My readers asked me how I was able to achieve them while working on different projectsG. Once those two habits
87、were established, my marathon goal was pretty much on autopilot【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了将目标变为习惯的建议。36. 【解析】选F。根据上文 By putting the belief into practice, I have achieved a lot of personal goals over time. 以及下文 My answer takes a little explaining. 可知, 此处应该是对如何实现目标一事的询问。F项意为“我的读者问我如何能够在完成不同的项目时实现这些目标”, 承上启下,
88、 符合语境。故选F。37. 【解析】 选E。结合下文 you can focus on your next goal or habit 可知, 此处应是不用对目标过于关注。E项意为“一旦你把它放在自动驾驶仪上, 你就不必太关注它了”, 引出下文, 符合语境。故选E。38. 【解析】选C。根据上文 So that was my goal. 和下文 running a daily habit 和 report to people in order 可知, “我”为了实现马拉松计划养成了两种习惯。C项意为“但为了实现这一目标, 我把它分解成两种习惯”, 承上启下, 符合语境。故选C。39. 【解析】
89、选G。根据文章第二段I try to turn my goals into habits, and in doing so! I put my goals on autopilot. 可知, “我”试着把“我”的目标变成习惯, 在这样做的时候, 相当于“我”把目标放在自动驾驶仪上。G项意为“一旦养成了这两个习惯, 我的马拉松目标就几乎自动完成了”, 承接上文, 符合语境。故选G。40. 【解析】选A。结合下文so instead of struggling with it daily for an entire year, I focused on it for one month and w
90、as able to accomplish it while focusing on new habits and goals. 可知作者花了一个月的时间专注于它, 并且能够在专注于新的习惯和目标的同时完成它, 可知作者是将这个目标设为自动实现, 所以可以每天专注于它。故选A。【补偿训练】根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 选项中有两项为多余选项。More than 40 million Americans move each year, but not always by choice. Whether youre moving because of work or
91、 schooling or for better chances, adjusting to(适应) the life in a new place can be difficult. 1. Here are some tips to help you adjust to your new home. Treat it as an adventure 2. So stay positive and get out there and explore! Taste the local food and visit famous places and museums. Try local acti
92、vities that arent popular in your former city, such as skating if you come from a beach town or surfing if you lived in the mountains. You may discover a talent (才华) or interest you never knew you had. Get involved with your neighborsIntroduce yourself to neighbors and everyone else you meet. 3. Thi
93、s is the best way to get advice about living in your area, and to make new friends. Attend local events that interest you, visit the markets or yard sales, take classes and so on. All of these things will help you meet people and feel connected. 4It takes time to get to know a new place, so dont exp
94、ect to feel comfortable right away. 5. To help make the process easier, you can meet new people, find a support group near you. A fresh move is also a fresh start. Therefore it is a great time to start realizing a dream youve had, whether it is going back to school, starting a new career, or finishi
95、ng a novel. A. Find what you loveB. Be patient and go after your dreamC. Give yourself time to adjustD. Tell them youre new in the townE. It is especially true when you dont love your new city very muchF. Show others the photos of your favorite places in your old townG. Living in a new place is a gr
96、eat opportunity to experience new things and grow up. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述的是如何适应新的环境和生活, 并给出了一些具体的建议。1. 【解析】选E。上文列举了人们搬家的原因, 提出了适应新环境很难的这一现实情况。E项(尤其是当你不太喜欢你的新城市时, 它是真的)是对上句的进一步说明。故选E。2. 【解析】选G。本段讲把搬家当成一次冒险, 以积极的态度去体验新事物。G项(生活在一个新的地方是一个体验新事物和成长的好机会)符合本段内容, 故选G。3. 【解析】选D。本段讲使自己融入到邻居之中, 上句说向邻居和你遇到的每个人介绍你
97、自己, D项(告诉他们你是新来的)与上句连接。故选D。4. 【解析】选B。根据下面的“It takes time to get to know a new place”和“Therefore it is a great time to start realizing a dream youve had”可知, 本段主要讲不要着急, 要有耐心适应新环境, 然后去实现自己的梦想。B项(耐心一点去追求你的梦想)表达了本段的主要意思, 故选B。5. 【解析】选C。C项(给你自己一点儿时间去适应)与上句“It takes time to get to know a new place”意思一致, 告诉我
98、们不要着急, 适应新环境需要时间。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Everyone back home told me that one of the nicest things about college is the people you meet. They all assured me that I would 41 friendships that could last a lifetime. I would always smile an
99、d agree. Frankly, before I 42 college. I really didnt care. I lived in the 43 where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms. All my roommates seemed to be good guys, but I didnt really try to get to know them. I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends 44. I would alway
100、s forget names after I met people. When we 45 again and they called out my name, I would reply with an 46 wave and a weak hello. This was how things went for the first month or so. After a while, things started to 47. A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking. Soon, these two roommates
101、and I started becoming fairly 48. We began going to the cafeteria together, 49 together, and meeting in the library to study. One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommates practice with one of our college choir. They drove me across campus where my roommate was to 50. It so happe
102、ned that this was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it. So you can imagine my 51when we entered the recital hall and the 120-member choir began to sing “Happy Birthday” to me. 52at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me, complete with a card and cake. I was completely shocked, and I fe
103、lt 53to be able to call them friends. It was then that I realized that college means 54the piece of paper you receive at the end Its an 55in both life and people. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲的是作者通过上大学时与室友的友谊发展过程意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸它是对生活和人的一种教育。41. A. formB. followC. approachD. introduce【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。句意: 他们都向我保证,
104、 我会建立可以持续一生的友谊。form构成, 建立; follow跟随; approach接近; introduce介绍。根据下文friendships可知是建立持续一生的友谊, 故选A。42. A. leave outB. leave behindC. leave forD. leave aside【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。句意: 坦白地说, 在我上大学之前, 我真的不在乎。leave out遗漏; leave behind留下; leave for动身去; leave aside搁置。短语leave for college“上大学”。故选C。43. A. dormB. hotelC. in
105、nD. canteen【解析】选A。背景常识题。句意: 我住在能住六个人的两个相连的小房间这样的宿舍里。dorm宿舍; hotel旅馆; inn旅馆; canteen食堂。根据下文where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms可知是宿舍。故选A。44. A. deliberatelyB. easilyC. greedilyD. merely【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。句意: 我一直很安静, 从不轻易交朋友。deliberately故意地; easily容易地; greedily贪婪地; merely仅仅。根据上文I have always b
106、een rather quiet and never been able to make friends可知作者从不轻易交朋友。故选B。45. A. attendedB. emergedC. passedD. proposed【解析】选C。词义辨析题。句意: 当我们再次经过时, 他们叫我的名字, 我会尴尬地挥一挥手, 微弱地打个招呼。attended参加; emerged出现; passed经过; proposed提议。根据下文again可知是再次经过。故选C。46. A. splendidB. uniqueC. embarrassedD. upset【解析】选C。背景常识题。句意: 当我们再
107、次经过时, 他们叫我的名字, 我会尴尬地挥一挥手, 微弱地打个招呼。splendid辉煌的; unique独特的; embarrassed尴尬的; upset沮丧的。根据上文I would always forget names after I met people. 可知作者并不记得这些人的名字因此只能尴尬地挥手, 故选C。47. A. turnB. worsenC. ariseD. change【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。句意: 过了一段时间, 情况开始发生变化。turn转变; worsen恶化; arise上升; change改变。根据下文A couple of my roommates
108、would try and keep me talking. 可知事情发生了变化。故选D。48. A. intangibleB. aggressiveC. tiresomeD. close 【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。句意: 很快, 我和这两个室友开始变得相当亲密。intangible无形的; aggressive侵略性的; tiresome烦人的; close亲密的。根据下文We began going to the cafeteria together可知作者和室友变得亲密。故选D。49. A. exercising B. dropping C. risingD. kicking【解析】选A
109、。背景常识题。句意: 我们开始一起去自助餐厅, 一起锻炼, 一起去图书馆学习。exercising锻炼; dropping落下; rising上升; kicking踢。根据上文We began going to the cafeteria together可知是一起进行一些日常生活上的活动, 故选A。50. A. preserveB. performC. settleD. serve【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。preserve保存; perform表演; settle定居; serve服务。根据上文One night my roommates invited me to listen to a
110、fellow roommates practice with one of our college choir. 可知室友要演出。故选B。51. A. surpriseB. dislikeC. disappointmentD. bonus【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。句意: 所以你可以想象当我们进入演奏厅, 120人的唱诗班开始为我唱“生日快乐”时, 我是多么惊讶。surprise惊讶; dislike不喜欢; disappointment失望; bonus奖金。根据上文It so happened that this was my birthday, but I had kept quiet a
111、bout it. 可知作者很惊讶。故选A。52. A. AwayB. DownC. BackD. Out【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。句意: 回到宿舍, 我的朋友们为我举办了一个小型聚会。Away离去; Down向下; Back回去; Out在外面。根据下文my friends held a small party for me可知是回到了宿舍。故选C。53. A. awareB. afraidC. sureD. proud【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。句意: 我完全惊呆了, 我为能称他们为朋友而感到自豪。aware意识到的; afraid害怕的; sure确信的; proud骄傲的。根据下文to b
112、e able to call them friends可知作者为能称他们为朋友而感到自豪。故选D。54. A. more thanB. rather thanC. less thanD. other than【解析】选A。词义辨析题。句意: 就在那时, 我意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸它是对生活和人的一种教育。more than多于, 不仅仅; rather than而不是; less than少于; other than除了。根据下文the piece of paper you receive at the end Its an _in both life and people可
113、知大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸它是对生活和人的一种教育。故选A。55. A. cultureB. traditionC. customD. education【解析】选D。词义辨析题。句意: 就在那时, 我意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸它是对生活和人的一种教育。culture文化; tradition传统; custom习俗; education教育。根据下文in both life and people可知大学是对生活和人的一种教育。故选D。第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Cathy
114、Martin is a hurricane hunter with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). For six months each year, she is part of a team that collects 56. _ she describes as “vital data, to save life and property”. When winds pick up, 57. _(spin) toward the Caribbean and U. S. coastline, Martin
115、 and 58. _(she) flight team spring into action. They use instruments called dropsondes, which 59. _(set) free from a tube at the back of the plane. As a dropsonde makes its 10, 000-foot landing into the sea, it sends out information about air temperature, pressure, humidity, and the speed and 60. _(
116、direct) of the wind. On an eight-hour flight, Martins team 61. _(typical) drops 15 to 20 dropsondes while flying from one side of the storm 62. _ the other, trying to cover as much ground as possible. They head for the center (or eye) of the storm, 63. _ theres no wind, and also search for the stron
117、gest winds, to help people on the coast prepare for whats coming. Sometimes, they will use an unmanned aircraft 64. _ (gather) data closer to the oceans surface. Though these flights can be long, 65. _(tire) and often last several days in a row, Martin likes her job and wishes she could fly every da
118、y. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了Cathy Martin 以及她的团队是如何收集数据预测飓风的。56. 【解析】what。考查名词性从句。句意: 每年有六个月时间, 她是一个团队的成员, 这个团队收集她所说的“重要数据, 以拯救生命和财产”。本句为宾语从句, 从句中缺少宾语, 指代事物, 故填what。 57. 【解析】spinning。考查非谓语动词。句意: 当风力增强, 向加勒比海和美国海岸线旋转时, 马丁和她的飞行团队立即行动起来。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词, 故spin只能作非谓语动词与逻辑主语winds是主动关系, 故填现在分词作状语, 故填spinning。 5
119、8. 【解析】her。考查代词。修饰名词flight team使用形容词性物主代词, 故填her。59. 【解析】are set。考查动词时态和语态。句意: 他们使用一种叫下投式探空仪的仪器, 这种仪器从飞机后部的管子中释放出来。主语是dropsondes与谓语动词构成被动关系, 结合上下文使用一般现在时, 主语为复数名词, 故填are set。60. 【解析】direction。考查名词。句意: 当探空仪降落在10 000英尺的海面上时, 它会发出有关空气温度、压力、湿度以及风速和风向的信息。根据上文名词并列结构the speed and可知, 应填名词, 故填direction。61. 【
120、解析】 typically。考查副词。句意: 在8小时的飞行中, 马丁的团队从风暴的一边飞到另一边时, 通常会放下15到20个探空仪, 试图覆盖尽可能多的地面。修饰动词drops应用副词, 故填typically。62. 【解析】to。考查介词。固定短语from. . . to. . . “从到”, 故填介词to。63. 【解析】where。考查定语从句。句意: 他们前往风暴中心(或风眼), 那里没有风。他们也寻找最强的风, 帮助沿海地区的人们为即将到来的风暴做好准备。本句为定语从句修饰先行词center, 且在定语从句中作地点状语, 故填关系副词where。64. 【解析】to gather
121、。考查非谓语动词。句意: 有时, 他们会使用无人驾驶飞机收集更接近海洋表面的数据。本句为不定式作目的状语, 故填to gather。65. 【解析】tiring。考查形容词。句意: 虽然这些飞行时间很长, 也很累, 而且常常会持续好几天, 但马丁喜欢她的工作, 希望她能每天都飞。根据上文系动词be可知, 应填形容词作表语, 修饰物, 故填tiring。第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假如你是李华, 你的网友John即将外出旅行, 请你根据以下提示, 用英语给他写封电子邮件, 向他介绍你对旅游的看法并提醒他旅行的注意事项。1. 旅游是一种非常好的活动。欣赏美景, 呼吸新鲜
122、空气, 交朋友, 放松。2. 旅行前的准备。了解天气, 带好衣服、相机、常用药品等。3. 旅行时注意饮食卫生和安全。要求: 1. 行文连贯, 不得逐句翻译; 2. 词数: 80词左右, 开头已给出, 不计入总词数。Dear John, Im glad to hear that you are going to travel. _Yours faithfully, Li Hua【参考范文】Dear John, Im glad to hear that you are going to travel. Now Id like to share my views on travelling with
123、 you. In my opinion, travelling is a very good activity. When you have free time, you can go out to enjoy the beauty of nature. You can breathe the fresh air, meet different people, make friends with them and make yourself relaxed. In order to have a pleasant journey, you need to make preparations a
124、head of time. Youd better have clear information about the weather, and bring proper clothes, a camera, some medicine and so on. On your journey, you must pay attention to what you eat. Be careful with everything around you. Wish you a good journey. Yours faithfully, Li Hua第二节(满分25分) 阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所
125、给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150个左右。A major landslide hit a mining area in Tibet autonomous region (西藏自治区) on Friday morning, burying 83 workers. The landslide happened at about 6 am in Maizhokunggar county of Lhasa, the regional capital. The victims were workers from Tibet Huatailong Mining Devel
126、opment Co. Ltd, belonging to the China National Gold Group Corporation. The affected area of the landslide is 3 kilometers long, with about 2 million cubic meters of mud, rock and debris. More than 1, 000 rescuers, including police, firefighters and medical personnel, are working at the site, which
127、is at an altitude of 4, 600 meters. Villagers living nearby said that the landslide struck suddenly, bringing massive rocks down to sweep the workers camp area in early morning. A mass of rolling rock from the mountain top cut a big excavator (挖掘机) in two parts. Two of the buried workers are local T
128、ibetans and others were mainly from neighboring provinces of Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan. Five excavators, five pickup trucks and an SUV were also buried in the debris. “About 200 large vehicles and equipment, 15 sniffer dogs and 15 life-detector machines are being used in the rescue. The rescue wil
129、l be going on in difficulties due to the size of the affected area, ” said an official from the regional fire department. Paragraph 1: Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang on Friday ordered top efforts to rescue the buried workers. _Paragraph 2: Several rescue teams and hundreds of vo
130、lunteers are rushing to the accident site to join in the rescue efforts. _【参考范文】Paragraph 1: Chinese President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang on Friday ordered top efforts to rescue the buried workers. They have told local authorities to spare no efforts to rescue the buried and prevent secondary
131、 disasters. At the same time, they call on the people living in the affected area to unify and defeat any possible difficulty and rebuild their homes. Paragraph 2: Several rescue teams and hundreds of volunteers are rushing to the accident site to join in the rescue efforts. They will go all out to
132、help rescue those buried and injured. Together with them, large quantities of different goods including food and water are being delivered to the area from all directions. When trouble occurs at one spot, help comes from all quarters. Our government and all the Chinese people are sure to win in figh
133、ting any disaster! 概要写作阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇 60词左右的内容概要。How do you feel about silence and pauses in conversations? Do they make you anxious or uneasy? Or do you enjoy silence in the presence of others sometimes? Whatever your answer is, we can sometimes run into such a situation where the listener remain
134、s silent. There can be silence in conversations. But the meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Some cultural groups may think that it is extremely uncomfortable; therefore, attempts may be made to fill every gap with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it
135、 as necessary for understanding a persons needs. Many traditional Asians think that it is a basic part of communicating among people. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has bee
136、n said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection. Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use
137、silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. Similarly, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings o
138、f silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing (有治疗
139、功效的) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures as well. _【参考范文】Silence can occur in conversations. (要点1) However, it is interpreted differently by different cultures, some thinking it unnatural while others considering it ind
140、ispensable. (要点2) For example, many traditional Asians value it as a call for reflection and such nationalities as Russians and Mexicans avoid conflicts by keeping silent. (要点3) Therefore, care-givers like nurses should understand the healing effects of silence to offer better care. (要点4)概要写作阅读下面短文,
141、 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Ive noticed that conversations with my children have started to turn into something that I dont like. It could be my fault. I dont always think before I open my mouth. For example, my kids would call me to tell me about something thats been bothering them. Then, as soon as theyre
142、 finished, I go into mom mode (模式). I cant help it. Its my default setting (默认设置). “You should. . . ”, “You need to consider. . . ”, “Have you thought of. . . ”, “If I were you, Id. . . ” “Mom! ”The tone (语气) is full of frustration and annoyance. The meaning is obvious“Stop! ”I am the queen of unwan
143、ted advice. When I get one of my adult kids on the phone, I become an expert on everything and anything, which Im obviously not. I want to be part of their lives. More importantly, I want to prevent them from making mistakes that seem so obvious to me. But they just want a listening ear and an open
144、heart. Im hardly alone in this. Over lunch the other day, a friend told me that her son rarely listened to anything she said. “Its like talking to a wall, ” she added. I know that feeling all too well. But Im learningvery slowlythat talking at is not the same as talking with. Giving advice to childr
145、en can be full of problems. Though we may see ourselves sharing the wisdom (智慧) of our years, they see something else. They see a controlling parent who hasnt accepted the fact that theyre adults with their own thoughts and feelings. Theyre not looking for any tips or hints (暗示). They may not even w
146、ant an immediate (立刻的) solution to a difficult problem. What theyre hoping for is a safe place to talk with a person who loves and supports them no matter what. Because of this, Ive given myself the goal of becoming a better parent by being a better listener. Its not an easy task for parents like me
147、 who think theyre just being helpful. But Im determined, Im strong. _【参考范文】I often give unwanted advice to my kids. I cant help going into mom mode every time they call me. But I have realized that what they want is a listening ear and an open heart. So now Im determined to be a better parent by being a better listener.
