1、湖北省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（18）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。ADr. Sylvia Earle wants you to stop eating fish. Its not because fish are endangered, though wild fish stocks in many oceans are very low. Its not because theyre bad for you, though fish in many areas are exposed to poisonous substa
2、nces in the water. Its because theyre smart. Fish are sensitive, they have personalities, says the marine biologist. For Earle, eating a fish would be like eating a dog or a cat. I would never eat anyone I know personally. Theres a lot more to fish than meets the eye: they talk to each other, they l
3、ike to be touched, and they engage in behavior that can seem very human. They can remember things and learn from experience. Earle and a growing number of animal rights activists see these as strong arguments against eating fish altogether. The activists also point out that fish feel pain and fish s
4、uffer horribly on their way from the sea to the supermarket. While it may seem obvious that fish are able to feel pain, like every other animal, some people think of fish as swimming vegetables, says Dr. Lynne Sneddon. Really, its kind of a moral question. Is the enjoyment you get from fishing (or e
5、ating fish) more important than the pain of the fish? Fishermen and (fried) fish lovers are skeptical. Ive never seen a smart fish, says Marie Swaringen as she finishes off a plate of fish at a Seattle seafood restaurant. If they were very smart, they wouldnt get caught. For years, everyones been te
6、lling us to eat fish because its so good for us, says another diner. Now Ive got to feel guilty while Im eating my fish? What are they going to think of next? Dont eat salad because cucumbers have feelings?1.The following are the reasons why Earle and other animal rights activists are against eating
7、 fish EXCEPT_.A. fish are smartB. fish are sensitive and have personalitiesC. eating fish is bad for your health because many fish are living in poisonous environmentD. fish are very like humans to some degree2. From the passage we can learn that _. A. all the people dont think fish are smart B. dif
8、ferent people have the same attitude towards eating fish C. people who dont hold the same view as Earle think its wrong of them to eat fish D. everyone thinks we should eat fish because its good for our health3. The underlined word “skeptical” in the fifth paragraph means _. A. supportive B. positiv
9、e C. negative D. doubtful4. Whats the best title of the passage? A. Smart fish B. Stop eating smart fish C. Eating fish is guilt D. Stop eating fish B A marketing director for a famous computer manufacturer was designing a new advertisement for his company. While researching consumers response to hi
10、s product, he asked, “Ships are commonly referred to as she or her. What gender（性别）would you give to your computer? Give reasons to support your answer. ”A large group of women reported that the computers should be referred to as “he” or “him” because:In order to get their attention, you have to tur
11、n them on.They have a lot of data, but are still hard to understand.They are supposed to help you solve problems, but half the time they are problems.As soon as you buy one, you realize that if you had waited a little longer, you could have had a better model.The men, on the other hand, said that co
12、mputers should be referred to as “she” or “her” because:The language they use to communicate with other computers is impossible to understand for most men.Even your smallest mistakes are stored in the long-term memory and will be remembered forever.As soon as you get one, you find yourself spending
13、half your money on accessories (附件) for it.5In fact, computers really _.A. should be referred to as “she” B. should be talked about as “he”C. are either “he” or “she” D. are neither “she” nor “he”6Why did the man ask people such a strange question? A. Because he was a marketing director of a compute
14、r company.B. Because he was not sure whether to use “she” or “he” for his computer.C. Because he was planning an advertisement for his computer.D. Because he wanted to make special computers for men and women.7From the womens answers, we can see _.A. they generally dont know as much about computers
15、as men doB. they want to use a computer without turning it onC. they cant make up their minds when to buy a new computerD. they love computers as much as they love their husbands8Which of the following is NOT implied in the reported answers? AWomen think computers can solve problems.BWomen are likel
16、y to remember their husbands small mistakes.CSome womens computers usually work half the time.DSome women believe they might find a better husband if they wait a little longer. CA is for always getting to work on time.B is for being extremely busy.C is for the conscientious ( 勤勤恳恳的 ) way you do your
17、 job.You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting ahead, experts say, the ABCs of business should include a P, for politics, as in office politics.Dale Carnegie suggested as much more than 50 years ago hard work alone doesnt ensure career advancement. You have to
18、 be able to sell yourself and your ideas, both publicly and behind the scenes. Yet, despite the obvious rewards of engaging in office politicsa better job, a raise, praisemany people are still unableor unwillingto play the game.People assume that office politics involves some manipulative (工于心计的) be
19、havior, says Deborah Comer, an assistant professor of management at Hofstra University. But politics derives from the word polite. It can mean lobbying(游说) and forming associations. It can mean being kind and helpful, or even trying to please your superior, and then expecting something in return.In
20、fact, today, experts define office politics as proper behavior used to pursue ones own self-interest in the workplace. In many cases, this involves some form of socializing within the office environmentnot just in large companies, but in small workplaces as well.The first thing people are usually ju
21、dged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis, says Neil P. Lewis, a management psychologist. But if two or three candidates are up for a promotion, each of whom has reasonably similar ability, a manager is going to promote the person he or she likes best. Its simple human nature.Ye
22、t, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office. Some people, they say, have an idealistic vision of work and what it takes to succeed. Still others associate politics with flattery(奉承), fearful that, if they speak up for themselves, they ma
23、y appear to be flattering their boss for favors.Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.9. Office politics (Line 2, Para. 4) is used in the passage to refer to_. A. the code of behavior for company staffB. the political views and beliefs of offi
24、ce workersC. the interpersonal relationships within a companyD. the various qualities required for a successful career10. To get promoted, one must not only be equal to his job but_.A. give his boss a good impressionB. honest and loyal to his companyC. get along well with his colleagues D. avoid bei
25、ng too outstanding 11. Why are many people unwilling to play the game (Line 4, Para. 5)?A. They believe that doing so is impractical.B. They feel that such behavior is unprincipled.C. They are not good at manipulating colleagues.D. They think the effort will get them nowhere.12. It is the authors vi
26、ew that_.A. speaking up for oneself is part of human natureB. self-promotion does not necessarily mean flatteryC. hard work contributes very little to ones promotionD. many employees fail to recognize the need of flattery DGeorge, when your big brother and your little dog and I walked you up to scho
27、ol today, you had no idea how I was feeling. You were so excited. You had packed and unpacked your pencils and safety scissors in your backpack a dozen times. I am really going to miss those lazy mornings when we waved your brother and sister off to school. Because you are my youngest, I had learned
28、 a few things by the time you came along. I found out that the seemingly endless days of babyhood are gone like lightning. I blinked(眨眼), and your older siblings(兄弟姐妹) were setting off for school as eagerly as you did this morning. I was one of the lucky ones; I could choose whether to work or not.
29、By the time it was your turn, the shining prizes of career advancement and a double income had lost their brightness. A splash(溅水) in the pool with you in your bright red boots or just one more rereading of your favorite book, Frog and Toad Are Friends, meant more. You didnt go to preschool and I ho
30、pe that doesnt hold you back. You learned numbers by helping me count the soda cans we returned to the store. I have to admit that in my minds eye, an image of myself while youre in school has developed. I see myself updating all the photo albums and starting that novel I always wanted to write. As
31、the summer wound down and more frequent quarrels erupted between you and your siblings, I was looking forward to today. And then this morning, I walked you up the steep hill to your classroom and you gave me one of your characteristically fierce, too-tight hugs. This time you were ready to let go be
32、fore I was. Maybe someday you will deliver a kindergartener to the first day of school. When you turn at the door to wave good-bye, he or she will be too deep in conversation with a new friend to notice. Even as you smile, youll feel something warm on your cheek.13. What does the underlined sentence
33、 mean in the third paragraph? A. When you reach the school age B. When you decide whether to work or notC. When you were born D. When you have your own family14. Which sentence from the passage best describes how the writer felt on that morning? A. An image of myself while youre in school has develo
34、ped.B. I was looking forward to today. C. I was one of the lucky ones. D. This time you were ready to let go before I was.15. Which statement is NOT true about Georges family according to the letter? A. Georges parents gave birth to three childrenB. They recycle soda cansC. The Georges is a double i
35、ncome family D. The children had more arguments during the summer16. The passage tries to show us _. A. how excited a child will be on his first day to schoolB. how a mother plans her future life after her children go to school.C. how deeply a mother loves her childD. how many efforts a mother has m
36、ade to raise a childEHoliday Inns and Mc Donalds, both saw unmatched growth in the 1960s. Their growth opened another direct business operationfranchising (特许经营).These operations have the same general pattern. The franchisor, the parent company, first establishes a successful retail (零售) business. A
37、s it expands, it sees a profit potential in offering others the right to open similar business under its name. The parent companys methods and means of identification with consumers are included in this right. The parent company supplies skill, and may build and rent stores to franchisees. For these
38、 advantages the franchisee pays the franchisor a considerable fee. However, some of the advantages and disadvantages are different.By extending a “proven” marketing method, a parent can profit in several ways. First, the franchisees purchase price gives the parent an immediate return on the plan. Th
39、en the sale of supplies to the franchisee provides a continuing source of profits. As new businesses are added and the companys reputation spreads, the value of the franchise increases and sales of franchises become easier. The snowballing effect can be dramatic. Such growth, too, brings into play t
40、he economies of scale (规模经济). Regional or national advertising that might be financially impossible for a franchisor with 20 franchises could be profitable for one with 40.The parent, then, finds immediate gains from the opportunity to expand markets on the basis of reputation alone, without having
41、to put up capital or take the risk of owning retail stores. Added to this advantage is a less obvious but material one. Skilled, responsible retail managers are rare. People who invest their capital in franchises, though, probably come closer to the ideal than do paid managers. In fact, the franchis
42、ee is an independent store operator working for the franchisor, but without an independents freedom to drop supplies at will. Of course the factorys costs of selling supplies are less. But also certainly the franchisee buying goods that have had broad consumer acceptance will not casually change sup
43、plies, even when the contract permits. If the hamburger is not what the customer expected, they may not return. Having paid for the goodwill, the franchisee wont thoughtlessly destroy it.Franchising may give you the idea that as a franchisor, you need only to relax in the rocking chair. Franchising,
44、 however, has problems to be solved.17. Franchising refers to a business operation in which a successful parent company_.A. sells name brand (名牌) goods to a private investor.B. rents proven ideas and techniques for investmentC. sells the right, the guidance to a business under its nameD. takes no ad
45、vertising responsibility for individual investors18. The advantages of franchising to the parent company are all the following EXCEPT_.A. an immediate investment return B. the ownership of additional retail storesC. the profit from the sale of supplies D. the possibility of profitable advertising19.
46、 The passage mainly tells readers _.A. the benefits of franchising to the franchisorB. the advantages and disadvantages of franchisingC. the unmatched economic growth in the 1960sD. some regional and national business operation20. What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?A. More advantages of franchising.B. Risks of investment besides franchising.C. The standard of consumer acceptance.D. Negative aspects related to franchising.1-20: CADB DCAC CABB CDCC CBAD高考资源网独家精品资源，欢迎下载！高考资源网Ks5uK&S%5#UKs5uKs%U高考资源网高考资源网高考资源网
