1、完形填空Have you ever wondered why some people are able to have confidence to spare when it comes to taking risks such as starting their own business or taking a year off to travel without an enormous safety net? The answer is that theyve1the art of optimistic thinking. The good news is that2some people
2、 are simply born to be optimistic, anyone can3to take a more positive approach towards their life. Optimists look for4outcomes. This doesnt mean that optimists always jump into things carelessly and hope for5, rather that they do not let potential negative outcomes6the potential positive outcomes. B
3、y hoping so and having7that they can handle any negatives, optimists are8to take advantage of opportunities that come their way. Optimists believe that their actions can make a9. They do not see their own efforts as being10. They understand that they do have the power to make things happen and take
4、steps to make their dreams a reality. 11, pessimists have a difficult time believing that what they do will make any difference and find it12to make any changes or take any action towards achieving a goal. They find13why something that has worked for others will not work for them and believe that an
5、ything they do is certain to14. This makes it difficult for them to get out of situations that make them15, such as a dead-end job that makes them miserable. Optimists do not internalize(使内在化)failure. When things dont16for them, they dont beat themselves up over it. They are able to accept failure a
6、s a part of life and try17with a positive attitude. They are often better able to learn from their18. When pessimists do take chances and fail, they have a hard time not19themselves and concluding that this is the way that it has to be. One20can leave them with a sense of being unworthy or completel
7、y at the mercy of others. Thats why optimists become successful! 【文章大意】为何一些人在进行创业等冒险性活动时充满自信呢? 答案在于他们掌握了乐观思考的艺术。1. A. understoodB. masteredC. studiedD. found【解析】选B。前后照应题。此句回答了文章首句“为何一些人很自信”。因为他们掌握了乐观思考的艺术。master意为“精通, 掌握”。2. A. ifB. becauseC. unlessD. while【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。好消息是尽管(while)有些人天生就很乐观/自信, 但是任
8、何人通过个人努力都会学会以积极的态度应对个人生活。3. A. respondB. continueC. learnD. return【解析】选C。前后照应题。既然有些人天生不很自信, 要想成为自信者, 必须通过后天的学习才能如愿。4. A. positiveB. possibleC. differentD. particular【解析】选A。词汇复现题。根据后面的positive outcomes可得到暗示。5. A. the worstB. the leastC. the bestD. the most【解析】选C。前后照应题。这并不意味着乐观者总是粗心做事, 只往好处想(hope for
9、the best)。6. A. overcomeB. overlookC. overloadD. overtake【解析】选D。前后照应题。相反, 乐观者不会让潜在的消极结果压倒(overtake超过)积极的结果。7. A. faithB. workC. troubleD. control【解析】选A。词汇复现题。乐观者相信他们能处理任何消极的事情。have faith与后面的believe意思相同。8. A. eagerB. unwillingC. readyD. likely【解析】选C。前后照应题。乐观者很乐意利用所出现的机会, 而不是像悲观者那样让机会从身边溜走。9. A. chang
10、eB. differenceC. fortuneD. fame【解析】选B。固定搭配题。make a difference是一个常用词组。上文提到, 乐观者很自信, 所以他们相信自己的行动会有影响/起作用/有意义。这从下文的make their dreams a reality和make any difference可得到暗示。10. A. endlessB. preciousC. specialD. meaningless【解析】选D。前后照应题。此句中的efforts与上一句actions意义相近, not. . . being meaningless与上一句make a differen
11、ce相呼应。11. A. In factB. In generalC. In contrastD. In short【解析】选C。逻辑关系题。in contrast与此相反。与此相反, 悲观者很难相信他们的行为会产生任何影响。12. A. rewardingB. amazingC. difficultD. impossible【解析】选C。词汇复现题。这从前面的have a difficult time处可得到暗示。13. A. excusesB. causesC. explanationsD. faults【解析】选A。词语辨析题。悲观者为自己的失败找借口。14. A. endB. star
12、tC. failD. fall【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。悲观者认为自己做的任何事注定都会失败。15. A. responsibleB. unhappyC. competitiveD. unclear【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。从此题后面的miserable可得到暗示。16. A. run outB. make outC. work outD. look out【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。当事情发展结果不如他们预期时, 乐观者并不为此而自责。work out是平时常考的动词短语之一, 在此意为“产生结果, 成功”。17. A. hardB. outC. againD. instead【解析】选C。逻
13、辑推理题。乐观者把失败看成生活的一个组成部分, 即使他们失败了, 他们也会以积极的态度重新尝试。18. A. experienceB. mistakesC. friendsD. faiths【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。乐观者善于从错误中学到东西。19. A. blamingB. protectingC. identifyingD. presenting【解析】选A。词汇复现题。此处对比乐观者与悲观者对失败的态度, 从上文的they dont beat themselves up over it可得到暗示。20. A. caseB. defeatC. stateD. example【解析】选B。词
14、汇复现题。根据上文的fail可知, 悲观者的一次失败就会给他们留下没有价值的感觉。【科普知识型-阅读理解】Housed in Milan, one of Europes dirtiest cities, Leonardo da Vincis masterpiece The Last Supper still faces a threat from air pollution, researchers say, despite preventative measures that have significantly decreased pollutants in the church wher
15、e the famous painting is on display.In 2009, Italian authorities installed a heating, ventilation (通风) and airconditioning system to protect the painting from Milans polluted air. To see whether the system could improve air quality, a team of researchers led by Constantinos Sioutas, a professor of c
16、ivil and environmental engineering at the University of Southern California, placed two airquality monitors inside the church for a year to collect samples from around painting. Results showed the levels of fine and coarse particulates were reduced near the painting by 88 percent and 94 percent, res
17、pectively, compared with the corresponding outdoor levels. “Its a spectacular reduction，” Sioutas said in a statement. “It is, frankly, very impressive.”Although the researchers applauded the successful decrease in particulates around da Vincis painting, they warned that indoor sources of pollution
18、may still pose a threat to the priceless painting. Fatty lipids (油脂) from the skin of customers in the church appeared in significant quantities around the painting, despite the fact that visitors getting access to the artwork are strictly regulated.Only a few visitors are allowed inside the church
19、at a time, and they enter the building and can stay for only 15 minutes each. However, fatty lipids from visitors skin can combine with dust in the air and pollute the painting if they come in contact with it, says study researcher Nancy Daher of the University of Southern California.Even previous r
20、estorations of the painting may pollute its surface, Daher said. Tiny particulates of the wax applied during early repair efforts can be emitted from the painting, get into the air and tarnish (使失去光泽) the painting in the same manner as the fatty lipids.The researchers noted that their airsample anal
21、ysis could be used as a point of reference for future studies aimed at protecting valuable artwork and artefacts.1What does the underlined word “particulates” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?AThe smallest parts of a chemical substance.BThings dirtier than usual.CCertain types of gas.DExtremely small pi
22、eces of dirt, which cause serious pollution.2According to the text, the following factors pollute the painting EXCEPT _Afatty lipids from the skin Btiny particles of the waxCbreath of the visitors Ddust in the air3According to the researchers, which of the following is NOT true of their airsample an
23、alysis?A. The airsample analysis was got by gathering air in the church for a year.BThe airsample analysis showed that the painting was completely away from air pollution.CThe airsample analysis can be helpful for future studies protecting valuable artwork.DThe airsample analysis showed that the par
24、ticulates around da Vincis painting were decreased successfully.4What can be the best title of the text?AHow to decrease levels of particulates effectivelyBThe famous painting da Vincis The Last SupperCKeeping air pollution from damaging da Vincis The Last SupperDHow to protect artwork in households
25、【要点综述】保存在意大利米兰市一家教堂的达芬奇名画最后的晚餐受到空气污染的影响。虽采取了措施使教堂空气质量得到提高，但仍存在一些污染隐患。1D词义猜测题。综合分析文章及该词所在句子，可推知该词意为“颗粒(污染)物”。2C细节理解题。根据文章信息可知，对名画最后的晚餐带来污染的因素主要有参观者皮肤上的油脂、修复时产生的蜡颗粒及空气中的灰尘等。3B细节理解题。从文章第一、二段可知，虽然教堂室内环境大为改善，但这幅伟大的画作仍受到各种污染物的威胁。4C主旨大意题。综合分析文章可知，本文主要介绍如何保护达芬奇的名画最后的晚餐免受污染物的影响，故C项为标题最佳。阅读理解。In todays throwa
26、way society，dealing with the citys growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council(市议会)Recently, Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of(处理)about 250,000 million tons of waste a year. Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green mannerlargely throu
27、gh encouraging recyclingits aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal with it.The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils (Edinburgh，East Lothian, West Lothian，Midlothian and Bord
28、ers) face fines around 18 million a year from 2013 if they dont increase recycling levels and rely less on landfill.With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart af
29、ter the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of the citys waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the citys waste by train to a landfill si
30、te near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.Since Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But soon they turned it downafter 700 local objections reache
31、d thembecause it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2013，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amo
32、unt of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.回收利用曾是最绿色的垃圾处理方式。 但是，这种处理方法却不能短时间内满足欧盟对于及时解决废物的政策需求，因此，在回收利用的同时，他们还是得重建一所大型的垃圾焚烧厂。1The main way of handling waste
33、 in a green manner in Edinburgh is _.Arecycling BrestoringCburying Dburning答案：A。细节判断题。第二段中的信息词“largely through encouraging recycling”可以断定选项A的说法是与原文保持一致的。2The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to _.Areduce the cost of burying waste Bmeet the EU requirements Cspeed up waste
34、 recyclingDreplace landfill sites答案：B。细节判断题。在第三个段落的开头提到了“The EU has issued a new policy.”便可以断定他们制定这个处理垃圾的计划也正是这个政策的出台，所以与选项B的说法是相符合的。3The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because _.Ait came from a private company Bthe council was not inte
35、rested in it Cit was not supported by EUDthe local people were against it答案：D。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“.700 local objections reached them.”，可以断定市民是反对的。4What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils? ATo open a new landfill nearby.BTo close the Powderhall landfill in 2015.CTo set up a plan
36、t for burning waste.DTo persuade people to reduce their waste.答案：C。细节判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的“set up an incenerator plant”，即：建一个垃圾焚烧厂，就可以断定，选项C与本信息句是相吻合的。阅读理解。L1PITORABOUT LIPITOR Lipitor is a prescription medicineAlong with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad” cholesterol(胆固醇)in your bloodIt can also raise “go
37、od cholesterol. Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.WHO IS LIPITOR FOR?Who can take LIPITOR：People who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise
38、Adults and children over l0 Who should NOT take LIPITOR：Women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. Lipitor may harm your unborn baby.women who are breast-feedingLipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. People with liver(肝脏)problems POSSIBLE SIDE EFFECTS OF L
39、IPITOR Serious side effects in a small number of people：Muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failureLiver problemsYour doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start Lipitor and while you are taking itCall your doctor right away if you have：Unexplai
40、ned muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very firedSwelling of the face，lips，tongue，andor throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing Stomach pain Some common side effects of LIPITOR are： Muscle pain Upset stomach Changes in some blood tests HOW TO TAKE LIPI
41、TOR DO：Take Lipitor as prescribed by your doctor.Try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take Lipitor.Take Lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.If you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，waitTake the next dose at y
42、our regular time.Dont：Do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.Do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.( ) 1. What is a major function of Lipitor?A. To help quit smoking. B. To control blood pressure.C. To improve unhealthy diet.D. To lower bad cholesterol. ( )
43、2. Taking Lipitor is helpful for .A. breast-feeding women B. women who are pregnantC. adults having heart diseaseD. teenagers with liver problems( ) 3. If it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should A. change the amount of your next dose B. eat more when taking your next doseC. hav
44、e a dose as soon as you remember D. take the next dose at your regular time( ) 4. Which of the following is a common side effect of taking Lipitor?A. Face swelling. B. Upset stomach.C. Kidney failure. D. Muscle weakness. ( ) 5. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To teach patients ways for qu
45、ick recovery. B. To present a report on a scientific research.C. To show the importance of a good lifestyle.D. To give information about a kind of medicine. 本文为药品说明，主要介绍了药品Lipitor的作用、适用人群、副作用及服药的相关注意事项。56. 答案：D考点：细节理解解析：根据 “Along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，cholesterol(胆固醇)in your bloodIt
46、can also raise “good cholesterol.”可以推断出答案。57. 答案：C考点：细节理解解析：根据 “Lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.”和 “Adults and children over l0”可以判断选C58. 答案：D考点：细节理解解析：根据 “If y
47、ou miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.But if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，waitTake the next dose at your regular time.”可以得出答案59. 答案：B考点：细节理解解析：根据 “Some common side effects of LIPITOR are：Muscle pain, Upset stomach, Changes in some blood tests” 可以得出答案60. 答案：D考点：推理判断题解析：文章先总体介绍药品Lipitor的作用，接着介绍药品的适用人群及不适用人群，然后介绍药品的副作用，最后介绍服药的注意事项，由此可以判断选D项。
