1、河北定兴县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（3）及答案 文化教育型阅读理解(二) Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古学家) say. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 ar
2、chaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centres on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have
3、too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of
4、 archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice，” they write.The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3，000 BC.Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give t
5、hem more time, but eventually the bones will have to be returned to the ground.The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950，000 years ago. If human remai
6、ns were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law, those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study
7、of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, sai
8、d, “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.1According to the passage,
9、 scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because _Ait is only a temporary measure on the human remainsBit is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchCit was introduced by the government without their knowledgeDit is vague about where and how to rebury human remains2Which of the fo
10、llowing statements is TRUE according to the passage?ATemporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.BHuman remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.CHuman remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.DScientists have been warned that the law
11、 can hardly be changed. 3What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?AThe Ministry of Justice did not intend to protect human remains.BThe Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.CThe law on human remains hasnt changed in recent decades.DThe Ministry of J
12、ustice has not done enough about the law.4Which of the following might be the main idea of the passage?ANew discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.BResearch time should be extended, scientists require.CLaw on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.DLaw could bury an
13、cient secrets forever, archeologists warn.(一)【要点综述】英国法律规定，所有从人类古代居地出土的遗骸，必须被重新掩埋。这一决定意味着科学家们将没有足够的时间研究具有民族文化的遗骨及其他遗物。1B细节理解题。从文章可以看出，科学家对这项法律不满主要是因为这项法律对科学研究的影响是毁灭性的。2C细节理解题。根据第三段可知，尽管延长了时间，但是出土的人类遗骸终究还是要被埋回去的。3D推理判断题。根据倒数第三段最后一句话“The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the
14、 law was temporary，but has so far failed to revise it.”可知，尽管The Ministry of Justice两年前向考古学家保证这项法律是暂时的，但是他们到现在还是没能修改这项法律，所以他们的工作做得不到位。4D主旨大意题。这项法律的危害在第四段有详细陈述，对于这项法律，反对的是考古学家们，所以他们才是呼吁修改法律的主要对象，这样可以排除其他三项。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Abraham Lincoln was born into poverty 200 years ago. At any other
15、time and place, this lowly origin would have dictated his future, but in Lincolns case, his self-determination and force of will made it possible for him to secure his seat in his countrys history. He has become a role model in the self-made America.If you want to learn about somebody who didnt quit
16、, look no further. Abraham Lincoln had two business ventures failed, and the second one made him bankrupt, so he had to spend the next 17 years of his life paying for the debt. He also lost 8 different elections. It seemed that he had never done things right at the first time: the first time he ran
17、for state legislature for Congress, for land officer, for Senate, all of these failed, and the first time he sought the vice-presidential nomination, he got less than 100 votes nationally. But he never found it too shameful to carry on his mission. Then later in 1860, on such a rough road, he made i
18、t to the White House. He lived up to his famous saying, “Always bear in mind that your own determination to success is more important than any other.”He could have quit many times-but he didnt and because he didnt quit ，he became one of the greatest presidents in the history of America. One importan
19、t way Lincoln influences present society is that we look back on his life as a role model for future generations. Lincolns high character influences us because we compare present-day politicians to the example Lincoln set. A major influence Lincoln has on the united States today is simply through th
20、e good example he set when it came to honesty, persistence and leadership.36.According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is true?A.Lincoln was born with a silver spoon in his mouth.B.Like Lincoln, a poor origin leads to a bright future.C.America is considered self-made becaus
21、e of Lincoln.D.Self-determination and will contributed to Lincolns success.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据but in Lincolns case, his self-determination and force of will made it possible for him to secure his seat in his countrys history.可知是林肯的决心和意志导致他的成功。故选D。37.What is Paragraph Two mainly about?A.How Lincoln mad
22、e his way to the White House.B.Lincoln suffered various failures.C.Lincoln was a man who never quit.D.Lincoln once lost two business ventures.【答案】C【解析】段落大意题。根据If you want to learn about somebody who didnt quit, look no further.可知林肯是个不放弃的人。故选C。38.Which is the correct order of what happened to Lincoln
23、?a. He was paying off his debt.b. He failed in the run for land officer,c. He got less than 100 votes nationally. d. he stuck to his mission, e. He went bankrupt.A. b-c-c-d-aB. c-3.-b-c-dC. 6-c-s-b-dD. d-c-s-b-c【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的内容可知顺序是：e. He went bankrupt.-a. He was paying off his debt.-b. He
24、failed in the run for land officer,-c. He got less than 100 votes nationally.-d. he stuck to his mission,故选B。39. What is the function of Lincolns famous saying in Paragraph Two?A.To tell us that determination is the most important to success.B.To attract readers1 attention.C.To show why Lincoln was
25、able to carry on in hard times.D.To summarize Lincolns story.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Then later in 1860, on such a rough road, he made it to the White House. He lived up to his famous saying, 可知这句话是为了表明为什么他能度过难关。故选C。40.Why does the writer consider Lincoln as one of the greatest presidents in America?A.Beca
26、use he still influences America as a role model.B.Because he set a good example to the present politicians.C.Because of his great personalities.D.Because he went through diverse difficulties.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。根据Lincolns high character influences us because we compare present-day politicians to the exam
27、ple Lincoln set.可知林肯还是一个榜样并影响了美国人，故选A。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。Students who date (约会）in middle school have significantly worse study skills, are four times more likely to drop out of school and report twice as much alcohol and tobacco use than their single classmates, according to
28、new research from the University of Georgia.Romantic relationships are a trademark of adolescence ，but very few studies have examined how adolescents differ in the development of these relationships, said Pamela Orpinas ，study author and professor in the College of Public Health and head of the Depa
29、rtment of Health Promotion and Behavior.Orpinas followed a group of 624 students over a seven-year period from 6th to 12th grade.Each year, the group of students completed a survey indicating whether they had dated and reported the frequency of different behaviors, including the use of drugs and alc
30、ohol. Their teachers completed questionnaires (调查表）about the students* academic efforts. He found some students never or hardly ever reported dating from middle to high school, and these students had consistently the best study skills according to their teachers. Other students dated infrequently in
31、 middle school but increased the frequency of dating in high school.At all points in time, teachers rated the students who reported the lowest frequency of dating as having the best study skills and the students with the highest dating as having the worst study skills,1 according to the journal arti
32、cle. Study skills refer to behaviors that lead to academic success such as doing work for extra credit being well organized, finishing homework, working hard and reading assigned chapters.Dating a classmate may have the same emotional complications of dating a co-worker, Orpinas said, when the coupl
33、e break up. they have to continue to see each other in class and perhaps witness the ex-partner dating someone else. It is reasonable to think this could be linked to depression and divert (转移）attention from studying.”4tDating should not be considered a ceremony of growth in middle school，”Orpinas c
34、oncluded.41.According to the passage, students who date in middle school may_A. have poorer academic performances B. be more likely to hurl othersC.enjoy better school livesD. are less likely to use alcohol and tobacco【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据Students who date (约会）in middle school have significantly worse s
35、tudy skills,可知约会的学生成绩一般都不好。故选A。42.When doing his study, Orpinas_.A.followed a group of students of 6th and 12th gradeB.completed a survey and a report each yearC.completed questionnaires about the students academic effortsD.found that the students study skills have connection with their frequency of
36、 dating【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据：At all points in time, teachers rated the students who reported the lowest frequency of dating as having the best study skills and the students with the highest dating as having the worst study skills,可知学生的成绩和约会的频率有关。故选D。43.Study skills may include the following behaviors an
37、d qualities Except_A. being diligentB. bcing well organizedC.being kind and helpfulD. finishing assigned schoolwork【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据Study skills refer to behaviors that lead to academic success such as doing work for extra credit being well organized, finishing homework, working hard and reading ass
38、igned chapters.可知没有提到C项。故选C。44.What can possibly happen to the school couples after they break up?A.They dont want to see each other any longer.B.Their attention to studying will be affected.C.They will miss their ex-partners sometimes D.They will think it，s reasonable Io get depressed.【答案】B【解析】细节理解
39、题。根据when the couple break up. they have to continue to see each other in class and perhaps witness the ex-partner dating someone else. It is reasonable to think this could be linked to depression and divert (转移）attention from studying.”可知分手的两个人会上课不专心。故选B。45.Orpinas attitude towards dating in middle
40、school is_A. supportive B. positiveC. negativeD. indifferent【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据4tDating should not be considered a ceremony of growth in middle school，可知Orpinas 对中学谈恋爱是消极的观点。故选C。文化教育型阅读理解(二) Looking for some inspiration or ideas for your creative stories? To start with, some writers describe winter by
41、 using their five senses or their imagination. Others write on their favourite winter activities. Whatever you choose to write about, working on a winter story can always help to improve your writing skills. Now read the following story and see if it helps get rid of any icy writing block youve been
42、 struggling with.Beep, beep. Beepbeep: the alarm clock rang. Slowly, I got out of warm bed down onto the wooden floor which the winter had thrown its cold upon. The bitter cold temperature penetrated (穿透)my socks and I hurried to put my feet in shoes.Looking out of the window, I watched the white sn
43、ow, soft and thick, drop onto rooftops and trees. Half an hour later, finishing the last of my hot chocolate, I prepared to enter the adventure that waited for me outside. I buttoned my jacket and fastened my boots. Hat on, I opened the door and was greeted by the winter coldness.In the depths of wi
44、nter, the early morning did not have the rush of the rest of the year. Most of my neighbours were put off by the cold, and stayed in bed until the sun had climbed higher into the sky.Unseen by those who remained locked inside their homes, warm in their beds, I enjoyed being alone with the beauty of
45、the wintertime. Those indoors were unable to appreciate the snowscapes, ice crystals, frost and the crisp(清新的)breeze. For them, the coming of winter meant just the arrival of the cold.Appreciation depends on contrasts. One cannot love the warmth of April if one has not known the freezing cold of win
46、ter. Later that year, the heat of the sun on my skin would be wonderful for my memories of that cold morning and others like it.1The underlined word “adventure” refers to“_”Agetting out of bed on the cold winter morningBenjoying the loveliness of the winter outdoorsCgoing skiing on the cold winter m
47、orningDthrowing snowballs with friends2According to the story, most of the neighbours _Adidnt work in winterBstayed up late in winterCmissed the beauty of winterDenjoyed the seasons except winter3Which of these statements is TRUE according to the story?AOf all the seasons, the writer loves winter mo
48、st.BThe writer regrets that he went out on the freezing cold winter morning.CThe writer believes contrasts make our experiences of the seasons lovelier.DThe writer values autumn and summer more than winter.4What function does the story mentioned in the passage serve?ATo share some winter thoughts wi
49、th readers.BTo show readers how to work on a winter story.CTo inspire readers to take more exercise in winter DTo tell readers how to appreciate the beauty of winter.(二)【要点综述】本文通过一篇短文教我们如何写和冬天有关的文章。1B细节理解题。短文的第五段“Unseen by those who remained locked inside their homes，warm in their beds，I enjoyed bei
50、ng alone with the beauty of the wintertime.”说明这里的adventure就是指在寒冷的天气里独自到室外活动。故B正确。2C细节理解题。根据短文第五段“Those indoors were unable to appreciate the snowscapes，ice crystals，frost and the crisp(清新的)breeze.For them，the coming of winter meant just the arrival of the cold.”可知，很多人都错过了冬天的美景。故C正确。3C细节理解题。文章最后一段说明C正确。4B推理判断题。文章第一段“Whatever you choose to write about，working on a winter story can always help to improve your writing skills.Now read the following story and see if it helps get rid of any icy writing block youve been struggling with.”说明这篇小短文是告诉我们如何写与冬天有关的作品。故B正确。
