1、Unit 2 Making a difference课时作业(四)Unit 2Section Starting out &Understanding ideas.阅读理解AIn the early part of the twentieth century, racism (种族歧视) was widespread in the United States. Many African Americans were not given equal opportunities in education or employment. Marian Anderson (18971993) was an
2、 African American woman who gained fame as a concert singer in this climate of racism. She was born in Philadelphia and sang in church choirs during her childhood. When she asked for admission to a local music school in 1917, she was refused because she was black. Unable to attend music school, she
3、began her career as a singer for religious activities. In 1929, she went to Europe to study voice and spent several years performing there. Her voice was widely praised throughout Europe. Then she returned to the US in 1935 and became a top concert singer after performing at Town Hall in New York Ci
4、ty. Racism again affected Anderson in 1939. When it was arranged to sing at Constitution Hall in Washington DC., the Daughters of the American Revolution opposed (反对) it because of her color. She sang instead at the Lincoln Memorial for over 75,000 people. In 1955, Anderson became the first black so
5、loist (独唱) to sing in the Metropolitan Opera of New York City. The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as “heard only once in a hundred years”. She was a US delegate (代表) to the United Nations in 1958 and won the UN peace prize in 1977. Anderson eventually triumphed over racism.1According t
6、o this passage, what did Marian Anderson do between 1917 and 1929? AShe studied at a music school. BShe sang for religious activities. CShe sang at Town Hall in New York. DShe studied voice in Europe.2Toscanini thought that Marian Anderson _. Ahad a very rare (稀有的) voice Bsang occasionally in public
7、 Csang only once in many years Dwas seldom heard by people3Andersons beautiful voice was first recognized _. Aat the Lincoln Memorial Bin Washington DC. Cin Europe Dat the United Nations4This passage shows that Anderson finally defeated racism in the US by _. Aopposing the government Bworking for th
8、e United Nations Csinging in the streets Dworking hard to perfect her artBOne thing that seems to hold a lot of people back from setting and achieving big goals is the need for security (安全). Security is a feeling of certainty that everything is OK and that all your basic needs will be provided for.
9、 On the surface theres nothing wrong with that. Its great to feel secure. Abraham Maslow lists it as one of the basic human needs. If we dont feel secure, we cant move onto higher levels like love and achievement. If we have doubts about paying the rent at the end of the month, how can we possibly g
10、o after our really big dreams?So how is it that some people are able to start a new business while completely broke? Do business risk takers simply have a lower need for security?If you read the stories of very successful people, you see a common pattern (模式) again and againfrom an external (外部的) po
11、int of view, most of these people were not in a secure situation when they started going after their dreams. Sylvester Stallone was so broke that he had to sell his dog. Tony Robbins did his dishes in his bathroom because his small apartment had no kitchen. Brian Tracy was a day laborer. Og Mandino
12、was a homeless drunk who went into libraries to stay warm. While some successful people start out with a lot of advantages, most dont.Meanwhile, how is it that others who seem to be in a far more secure situation are paralyzed from taking action? People who have some money in the bank, a nice home,
13、and a highlypaid job still dont feel secure. Meanwhile, others with far worse starting positions pass them by. Why?The reason isnt that some people need security more than others. I think everyone needs to feel secure. The difference, however, is that the successful risk takers define security inter
14、nally (内部地) while others define security externally.5Whats the first paragraph mainly about?AThe importance of security.BThe ways to achieve security.CThe different kinds of security.DThe advantages of having security.6The examples in Paragraph 3 show that many successful people _.Ahad a low need fo
15、r securityBcould get security very easilyCstarted from a disadvantaged situationDwent through difficulties on the road to success7Which of the following can replace the underlined word “paralyzed” in Paragraph 4?APrevented. BExpected.CProtected. DEncouraged. 8How are those successful people differen
16、t from common people in terms of security?AThe way they achieve it.BThe way they understand it.CThe degree to which they feel it.DThe degree to which they need it.阅读七选五Most of us lead a busy life. _1_ We think, “If I reached my goal, then I would be happy.” or “If I could get a better job, then I wo
17、uld enjoy life.” But why not enjoy life right now? Firstly, take time to notice and appreciate the beauty in your own surroundings (环境). _2_ “There is a great big world of wonder and beauty around us！” And as Brodersen explains, “Look for the beauty of the sunrise and of a friends smile that brighte
18、ns your day. Open your eyes to see the beauty you might not normally see. Doing so helps to cheer you up.” Secondly, taking time to experience some simple pleasures also can bring joy to your heart and reduce your stress. Take me for example. _3_ One universal simple pleasure is finding things that
19、make you laugh. Make time to laugh every day. Thirdly, dont take your family and friends for granted. Rich, rewarding relationships add greatly to the enjoyment of life. When you think of someone, why not call, email or write then? _4_ As Wayne Lawton explains, “Invest (投入) time in relationships. Re
20、move the attitude, whats in it for me? Happiness is found in putting others interests, desires and concerns ahead of our own whenever possible. Selfishness (自私) is a deadend street.”_5_ ADiscover the beauty in nature. BSo please treasure relationship. CYou dont need to travel far to find beauty. DDr
21、iven by the “urgent”， we forget to enjoy life. EIn my spare time, I enjoy collecting stamps and reading novels. FA short email or phone call can make a world of difference to someone. GI delight in simple things like my favorite tea drink, a bubble bath or family photos.语法填空Many students may feel st
22、ressed because of their parents. Most parents have good intentions, 1._ some of them are not very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in 2._ (adjust) to college, and a few of them seem to go out of their way to add to their childrens 3._ (difficulty) For one thing, parents are of
23、ten not aware of (意识到) the kinds of problems their 4._ (child) face. They dont realize that the 5._ (compete) is stronger, that the required standards of work are 6._ (high), and that their children may not be prepared for 7._ change. They may be upset by their childrens poor grades. At their kindes
24、t, they may 8._ (gentle) ask why John or Mary isnt doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she should, and so on. At their worst, they may threaten 9._ (take) children out of college or cut off living expenses.Sometimes parents think it right and natural that they determine 10._ t
25、heir children do with their lives. They forget that everyone is different and that each person must develop in his or her own way. 课时作业(四).阅读理解【语篇解读】本文介绍了美国黑人歌唱家玛丽安安德生如何凭着自身实力和勤奋战胜了种族歧视，获得了事业上的成功。1答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段“Unable to attend music school, she began her career as a singer for religious activi
26、ties.”可知在1917年到1929年之间Anderson为宗教活动唱歌。选B。2答案与解析：A推理判断题。由第二段“The famous conductor Toscanini praised her voice as heard only once in a hundred years”可知Toscanini说她的嗓音是百年难得一见的，所以是稀少的，故选A。3答案与解析：C细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二、三句“.she went to Europe.praised throughout Europe.”可知她的美妙的声音一开始是在欧洲被认可的。选C。4答案与解析：D主旨大意题。 由文章主旨
27、可知，Anderson凭着认真工作使得她的艺术日臻完善，借此击败种族歧视。选D。【语篇解读】本文是议论文。安全感是一种人类与生俱来的需求，可是，成功人士与普通人对安全感的定义并不相同。5答案与解析：A段落大意题。第一段虽然也涉及安全感的定义，但是主要是说明安全感对我们的重要性。作者先指出安全感是“one of the basic human needs”，接下来又做出两种假设，来说明缺乏安全感的后果。因此A项正确。6答案与解析：C推理判断题。由第三段可知，作者列举的都是一些成功人士，他们在刚开始都是穷困潦倒或处境艰难，由此判断C项正确。7答案与解析：A词义猜测题。上文提到那些成功人士往往起步时
28、处境极其艰难。根据下文可知，那些经济富足、处境优越的人依然感到不安全，也就是说他们不愿意采取行动去冒险，故A项正确。8答案与解析：B细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，那些成功的冒险者在内部定义安全感，而普通人则在外部定义安全感。这也是这两类人在安全感方面最大的区别，因此B项正确。.阅读七选五1答案与解析：D上下文串联。根据上一句“Most of us lead a busy life.”说明很多人都忙于生活，故D项内容我们忙于琐事，却忘记了享受生活。符合上下文的串联。故选D。2答案与解析：C理解判断题。根据下句“There is a great big world of wonder and be
29、auty around us！”说明在我们的身边就有很多美丽的风景，所以你不必要去和很远的地方找风景。C项：You dont need to travel far to find beauty.你不需要走很远就能找到美。与上下文是贴切的，故选C。3答案与解析：G联系上文题。根据上一句“takingtime to experience some simplepleasures also can bring joy to your heart andease your stress.”说明要从简单的事情中得到快乐，如喝一杯喜欢的茶、泡一次澡、或看家庭照片等。G项：I delight in simp
30、le things like my favorite tea drink, a bubble bath or family photos.(我喜欢简单的东西，比如我最喜欢的茶饮料、泡泡浴或家庭照片)与之相符。故选G。4答案与解析：F语境辨析题。根据上一句“When you think of someone, why not call, email or write them？”说明有时候电话或者发个邮件都会有很好的作用，故F项：A short email or phone call can make a world of difference to someone.一封简短的电子邮件或电话会给人带来不同的世界。与之相符，故选F。5答案与解析：B文章衔接题。根据上句“Investtime in relationships”说明我们要在相互的关系上投入更多的时间，要珍惜我们的友谊。B项：So please treasure relationship.所以请珍惜这段关系。符合文意，故选B。.语法填空1but/yet2.adjusting3.difficulties4.childrenpetition6higher7.the8.gently9.to take10.what
