1、Period 1Starting out & Understanding ideas.根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子1.(2020江苏高考)He has been h as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.【解析】honoured。句意:自东汉以来,他一直被尊称为医学大师。honour在本句中是动词,意为“尊敬,尊称”,表示被动意思,用被动语态,故填honoured。2.(2020全国卷) Orange trees are more than (装饰物); they are a symbol of good fortune and
2、 wealth.【解析】decoration。句意:橘子树不仅仅是装饰物,它们是好运和财富的象征。根据句子结构,此处应该填名词作表语,故填decoration。3.The farm was flooded, with the result that most of the (收成)was lost.【解析】harvest。句意:农场被淹,收成损失了一大半。harvest “收获,收成”。4.She wrote poems in praise of f(自由).【解析】freedom。句意:她写诗讴歌自由。根据句子结构,此处应该用名词作in praise of 的宾语,故填freedom。5.L
3、ike any other type of equipment it requires (定期的,经常的)servicing.【解析】regular。句意:和其他类型的设备一样,它需要定期检修。regular是形容词,意为“定期的,频繁的,经常的”。6.People c about how children spend so much time on computer games.【解析】complain。句意: 人们常抱怨孩子花太多时间玩电脑游戏。根据句意及首字母,应该填complain,意为“抱怨,不满,发牢骚”。7.Pictures of s children have sent man
4、y people to donating money.【解析】starving。句意:看到一张张忍饥挨饿的孩子们的照片,许多人赶忙捐钱。starving adj.“挨饿的,即将饿死的”。8.People were swimming in the ocean despite the hurricane (警告).【解析】warning。句意:尽管有飓风警报,人们仍然在大海里游泳。despite是介词“尽管”,其后应该用名词作宾语,故填warning。9.The importance of (参加) in the life of the country cannot be overestimate
5、d.【解析】participating。句意:参与国家生活的重要性再怎么说都不为过。participate in“参与,参加”,其在介词of之后,用动名词作宾语,故填participating。10.But they also reported that not all green (屋顶)perform equally well.【解析】roofs。句意:但是他们也说,不是所有的绿色屋顶效果都一样良好。roof“屋顶”是可数名词,它受到all的修饰,要用复数形式,故填roofs。.单句语法填空1.(2020全国卷) In another,employees were shown to be
6、15% more productive when their workplaces (decorate)with houseplants.【解析】were decorated。考查动词。句意:另一项(研究显示),当员工的工作场所被室内植物装饰时,他们的工作效率会提高15%。主句用的一般过去时,从句也应用过去时态,且工作场所是被装饰,故填were decorated。2.(2021长沙高一检测)All individuals, regardless body size or composition,would benefit from adopting a healthy, well-balan
7、ced eating pattern and engaging in regular physical activity.【解析】of。考查介词。句意: 所有人,无论身体大小或组成,都将受益于采取健康、均衡的饮食模式和进行有规律的体育活动。regardless of为固定短语,意为“不管,不顾”。3.Black people had no chance (vote)or choose their leaders many years ago.【解析】to vote。考查动词。句意:许多年前,黑人没有机会投票选择他们的领导人。vote n.& v.“投票,表决”;have a chance to
8、 do “有机会做某事”,故填to vote 。4.(2021浙江高考)Many people in China have (limit) exposure to English.【解析】limited。考查形容词。句意:许多中国人对英语的了解有限。5.These buses are never on time and the passengers are always (complain).【解析】complaining。考查动词。句意:这些公共汽车从不准时,乘客总是抱怨。根据句子结构,此句是现在进行时态,与always连用表达说话者的称赞、厌恶、感激等思想情感,故填complaining。
9、6.His victory (celebrate) with music and dancing yesterday.【解析】was celebrated。考查谓语动词。句意:昨天他的胜利是用音乐和舞蹈庆祝的。他的胜利和谓语动词之间是被动关系,根据时间状语yesterday可知用一般过去时,故填was celebrated 。【易混辨析】celebrate和congratulate有何不同?celebrate庆祝,后面不能接人,而是接节日、婚礼等。congratulate祝贺,后面只能接某人。常用表达:congratulate sb.on/upon sth.We went to the par
10、ty to celebrate his birthday and we also congratulated him on his success this time.我们去聚会庆祝他的生日,我们也祝贺他这次的成功。7.We always regard him a friend, but he showed his colors in the current emergency.【解析】as。考查介词。 句意:我们一直把他看作朋友,但在当前的紧急关头中,他原形毕露了。regard.as.“把看作”是固定短语,故填as。8.In 2015, he (honour) with Padma Shri
11、, one of the top awards in India.【解析】was honoured。考查谓语动词。句意:2015年,他获得了印度最高奖项之一的莲花士勋章的殊荣。honour在本句中是动词,意为“授予荣誉”,句子主语he是被授予勋章,时间状语in 2015表明了一般过去时时态,故填was honoured。9.The menu changes (regular) and there are daily specials to choose from.【解析】regularly。考查副词。句意:菜谱定期更换,而且每天都有特色菜供选择。regular adj.定期的,经常的;此处修饰
12、谓语动词changes,用副词形式,故填regularly。10.The office was crowded with people (complain) about the washing machines.【解析】complaining。考查非谓语。句意:办公室里挤满了抱怨这批洗衣机的人。此处complaining短语作后置定语,修饰people,people和complain“抱怨”之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故填complaining。.翻译句子1.汤姆今天早晨睡过头了,那是他上班迟到的原因。(thats why.)_【解析】Tom overslept this morning.Th
13、ats why he was late for work.That is why. “那就是的原因”, why在句中引导表语从句,表示结果。2.我们郊游的日期已定,风雨无阻。 (regardless of.)_【解析】Weve fixed the date for the outing and well go regardless of wind or rain.regardless of.是介词短语,意为“不管,不顾”,其后跟名词、代词或动名词,在句中用作状语。3.为了增加烹饪的新点子,她四处旅行,在世界各地的厨房里工作。(add to.)_【解析】To look for new ideas
14、 to add to her cooking, she traveled a lot, working in kitchens all over the world.add to“增加,增添”,动词不定式to add to her cooking在句中作后置定语,修饰名词ideas。4.他们将做些什么来庆祝他们最后的成功? (in celebration of.)_【解析】What will they do in celebration of their final success?in celebration of 是介词短语,意为“为了庆祝”,在句中作状语。5.所有这一切都发生在周一晚上。
15、(it was.that.)_【解析】It was on Monday night that all this happened.It is /was +.that.是强调句式,被强调部分放在It is/was和that之间,本句被强调的部分on Monday night, 是表示过去的时间状语,所以用一般过去时。.课文语法填空Every Christmas, Tolkiens children would get an envelope, inside 1 there was a handwritten letter from Father Christmas.These letters w
16、ere indeed written by Tolkien, one of the most famous 2(name) in English literature.In this way, Tolkien 3(keep) Father Christmas alive for his four children.The letters told wonderful stories about Father Christmass life and adventures at the North Pole with 4 regular character, Polar Bear.In a let
17、ter, Father Christmas 5 (complain) about his helpers who played games with the toys instead of 6 (wrap) them up.7(interesting), Tolkien didnt warn his children that they might not receive presents 8 they were not good.The letters did, however, change as his children got 9(old).From these letters, we
18、 can share the true spirit of giving at Christmas time.Tolkiens love and care 10 his children made him very like Father Christmas.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.1.【解析】which。考查定语从句。这是由逗号隔开的非限制性定语从句,且关系词在从句中作介词inside的宾语,故填关系代词which。【知识拓展】非限制性定语从句定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分,去掉它主句意思往往不明确;非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,
19、去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。注意:that不用于引导非限制性定语从句。Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.彼得现在回巴黎了,你在伦敦见过他。The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.这个男孩,他的爸爸是一位工程师,学习很努力。These apple trees,which I planted three years ago,have not borne any fruit.这些苹果树是我三年前栽的,还没有结过果实。He will
20、put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.他将把郊游推迟到5月1日,那时他将有空。2.【解析】names。考查名词的数。one of.“之一”,用于修饰名词复数,故填names。3.【解析】kept。考查谓语动词。整篇文章均用的一般过去时,讲述过去的故事,本空也应该用过去式,故填kept。4.【解析】a。考查冠词。修饰可数名词character,表示“一个”,用不定冠词,故填a。5.【解析】complained。考查谓语动词。根据语篇时态可知,本空应该用一般过去时,故填complained。6.【解析】wrapping。考查非
21、谓语动词。在介词短语instead of之后,应该用动名词作介词宾语,故填wrapping。7.【解析】Interestingly。考查副词。interestingly adv.“有趣地,有趣的是”,在句中作状语,修饰整个句子,故填Interestingly。8.【解析】if。考查状语从句。if“如果”,引导条件状语从句,故填if。9.【解析】older。考查比较级。“孩子们年龄长大一些”,用比较级作连系动词got的表语,故填older。10.【解析】for。考查介词。love and care for.意为“对的关爱”,故填介词for。.阅读理解A话题体裁词数建议用时生日庆祝方式说明文302
22、7分钟 Birthdays are especially important to the very young and the very old.On their birthdays, people receive birthday cards and birthday presents from their family and friends.Childrens cards often have a large number on them showing how old they are.Cards for adults have pictures of flowers or scen
23、ery, or humorous or rude cartoons.Inside there is usually a simple greeting, such as “Happy Birthday” or “Many Happy Returns of the Day.”In the US, children who have their birthdays during the school year take a cake to school and have a small party with their classmates.In Britain, children sometim
24、es get Bumped (lifted off the ground horizontally and put down again sharply) by their friends.In the US, the 16th birthday is called sweet 16.It is the age at which a person can get a US drivers license, and some wealthier parents give their children a car as a present.At 18, in Britain and in the
25、US, young people become adults and many have a big party.In most parts of the US, 21 is the age at which people can drink alcohol legally.In Britain, people celebrate 21st birthday less.Many adults dislike getting older and a few lie about their age.But in general older people are now much more will
26、ing to tell others their age.You may see a sign by the side of a road saying: “Dave Ell is 40 today!”, put there by Daves friends.At about 65, people retire, and those who have reached this age are called senior citizens.Few people live to be 100, so a 100th birthday is very special.In Britain, peop
27、le reaching this age may receive card containing a printed message from the Queen.【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在美国和英国不同年龄段的人的生日意义,以及庆祝方式。1.Whats the main characteristic of childrens birthday cards?A.They are full of pictures of scenery.B.There are some flowers on them.C.There is a large number on them.D.The
28、y have greetings written on them.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的Childrens cards often have a large number on them showing how old they are.(孩子们的生日卡片常常有很大的数字,表明他们几岁)可知,孩子生日卡片的主要特点是有巨大的数字。C.There is a large number on them.(有巨大的数字在上面)符合题意。故选C项。2.What does the example “Dave Ell is 40 today” in the last paragraph
29、show?A.The 40th birthday is very special.B.Many adults like lying about their age.C.Daves friends like playing jokes on him.D.Older people don t mind telling others their age now.【解析】选D。 细节理解题。根据本段的But in general older people are now much more willing to tell others their age.You may see a sign by t
30、he side of a road saying: “Dave Ell is 40 today!”, put there by Daves friends.(但通常情况下,现在年龄稍大的人很乐意告诉别人他们的年龄。你可能会看到路边的一个牌子上写着“Dave Ell今天40岁了”,那是他的朋友放的)可知,举Dave Ell的例子主要为了说明,现在年龄稍大的人愿意告诉别人他们的年龄。D.Older people don t mind telling others their age now(现在年龄稍大的人不介意告诉别人他们的年龄)符合题意。故选D项。3.If a person reaches 6
31、5, he will .A.be called a senior citizenB.refuse to talk about his ageC.receive a card from the QueenD.be invited to dinner with the Queen【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的At about 65, people retire, and those who have reached this age are called senior citizens.(在大约65岁,人们退休了,在这个年龄段的人被叫做“老年人”)可知,如果一个人到了65岁会被叫做老
32、年人。故选A项。4.What do we know from the passage ?A.Bars in the US are forbidden to sell alcohol to young people of 21.B.In Britain, 18 means young people become adults.C.Young people will get a car as the 16th birthday present in the US.D.British young men love to celebrate the 21st birthday.【解析】选B。 细节理解
33、题。根据文章倒数第二段的At 18, in Britain and in the US, young people become adults and many have a big party.(在美国和英国,18岁就是成人了,那时会举办大型派对)可知B.In Britain, 18 means young people become adults.(在英国,18岁意味着成人)符合题意。故选B项。【词汇积累】1.sceneryn.风景,景色2.humorous adj.幽默的,滑稽的3.legallyadv.合法地4.celebratev.庆祝5.in general总的来说,大体上,在多数
34、情况下6.be willing to do乐意做某事7.retirev.退休B话题体裁词数建议用时社交媒体议论文3327分钟Nowadays, social media like Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat and Twitter are becoming more and more popular.People have completely made social media part of their daily lives.As a result,many people have developed an Internet personality.The
35、 Internet personality I am talking about is the one we shape on our social media sites.We are always posting information about ourselves for other people to know even when it can be completely untrue.Some people even go so far as to spend money in buying flowers or “likes” or buying a very expensive
36、 camera for their friends to take photos of them.I find it unbelievable.The time and energy spent on these silly things can only make us want to be accepted by more people.Social media are also a modern cause of depression(沮丧):People see the perfect lives of others and consider their own imperfect l
37、ives as bad.Even kids deal with this.They dont realize that the reason why they struggle to love themselves is that they spend all day receiving untrue information.I find that many people spend more time and energy in making sure that their online personality is worth accepting rather than caring fo
38、r their real presence.So many times I have seen confident and beautiful girls on social media.But in the real world,they are extremely shy.They hardly talk to anyone and spend all their time using the phone.Social media have gone so far as to even negatively affect marriages.This is because of the f
39、act that there are now “Instagram husbands”people whose use is to take perfect photos of their partners throughout the day.They spend a lot of time doing that whether they like it or not.Needless to say,social media likely influence relationships in a negative way.I think everyone should stop using
40、social media at least for a few months to experience the difference it makes to them.They may find life is very different and much better.【语篇概述】本文是议论文。文章讲述了现代人完全把社交媒体作为日常生活的一部分的现象,同时呼吁正确使用社交媒体。5.What does “the Internet personality” in the passage refer to?A.The hope to develop a better personality.B
41、.The personality developed through social media.C.The true personality shown by us on social media.D.The information we get about others on social media.【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知,互联网个性是指大家在社交平台上形成的一种性格,故选B。6.Why are social media a modern cause of depression?A.We may read some upsetting news.B.We have
42、 to try very hard to be accepted.C.We cant really find much useful information.D.We feel sad about ourselves through comparing.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知,社交媒体会给人们带来沮丧的心情,因为人们看到别人的完美生活再对比自己的生活,就会认为自己的生活不完美,故选D。7.What does the example given in Paragraph 4 show?A.Shy people can also become confident.B.Soc
43、ial media make people become more energetic.C.Social media make people ignore their true presence.D.People today dont consider their presence important.【解析】选C。 推理判断题。根据第四段前三句可知,作者通过举例网上漂亮自信的女孩在现实生活中很害羞,来阐述自己的观点:人们花费太多的时间、精力确保自己在网上的个性以至于忽视了真实世界的存在,故选C。8.Whats most probably the authors attitude toward
44、s peoples using social media?A.Uninterested.B.Negative.C.Uncertain.D.Supportive.【解析】选B。 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段最后一句和最后一段可知,作者认为社交媒体影响人们之间的关系,每个人都应该远离社交媒体一段时间,所以作者对社交媒体的态度是消极否定的,故选B。【经典句式】:People have completely made social media part of their daily lives.(make+宾语+宾语补足语)人们已经将社交媒体完全变成了日常生活的一部分。The time and ener
45、gy spent on these silly things can only make us want to be accepted by more people.(过去分词短语作定语)花在这些傻事上的时间和精力只能让我们想被更多的人接受。They dont realize that the reason why they struggle to love themselves is that they spend all day receiving untrue information.(the reason why.is that.)他们没有意识到,他们之所以难以爱自己,是因为他们整天都
46、在接受不真实的信息。.阅读填句话题体裁词数建议用时元宵节说明文2637分钟The Lantern Festival, a traditional Chinese festival, is celebrated on the 15th day of the first lunar month.1. The day leads to the first full moon night of the year, and is also the night when the earth returns to spring.It was also a romantic festival in ancie
47、nt China, providing an opportunity for unmarried men and women to meet.2.But during the Lantern Festival, it was a tradition that all people, including those young women, came out for lantern shows.People hung lanterns everywhere, in their house or in the streets, which had various characters, like
48、flying birds, leaping fishes, and shining fireworks, showing an atmosphere of joy.3. .Another activity,guessing the answers to lantern riddles, gave young people a chance to interact with each other and know more about each other.For thousands of years, there have been numerous love stories originat
49、ing during the Lantern Festival.Besides watching lanterns and guessing the answers to lantern riddles, there are many other traditions for the festival.Dragon lantern dance4.At the festival, people perform dragon lantern dances and look forward to this years good weather and peace.Lion DancesIt is s
50、imilar to the dragon lantern dance, delivering good wishes and good luck.Eating yuanxiaoEating yuanxiao on Lantern Festival is another tradition.5. The stuffing(馅) includes bean paste, sugar,various kinds of fruit and so on.It can be boiled, fried or steamed to eat.A.As a traditional food, YuanXiao
51、appeals to a lot of people.B.Here is a guide for you to spend a happy Lantern Festival.C.It is a continuation of celebrating the Spring Festival.D.Chinese people regard the dragon as a symbol of good luck.E.Yuanxiao is made of glutinous rice(糯米), either solid or stuffed.F.Almost all people would com
52、e out and appreciate the beautiful scene.G.In ancient times, young women, especially daughters of respected families, hardly stepped out of their houses.【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国的元宵节。1.【解析】选C。由上句“The Lantern Festival, a traditional Chinese festival, is celebrated on the 15th day of the first lunar month
53、”可知,元宵节是中国的传统节日,农历正月十五是元宵节。所以第1小题要承接上文,在时间上说明它是新年的延续。故C选项“它是庆祝春节的延续”切题。故选C项。2.【解析】选G。由下句“But during the Lantern Festival, it was a tradition that all people, including those young women,came out for lantern shows”可知,但是现在元宵节,所有人包括未出嫁的女子都要出来观花灯。通过“but”可以判断出,第2小题要与后一句构成转折关系。故G选项“在古代,年轻的女子,特别是大家闺秀,很少走出家
54、门”切题。故选G项。3.【解析】选F。由上句“People hung lanterns everywhere, in their house or in the streets, which had various characters, like flying birds, leaping fishes, and shining fireworks, showing an atmosphere of joy”可知,人们在家里或街上到处挂上灯笼,上面画着飞鸟、飞鱼、焰火等各种各样的角色,表现出欢乐的气氛。所以第3小题要总结性地说明几乎所有的人都会出来欣赏这美丽的景色以此说明元宵节的热闹场面。故
55、选F项。4.【解析】选D。由标题“ Dragon lantern dance”可知,本段在介绍元宵节的活动之一龙灯舞。所以第4小题要说明龙在中国文化中的象征意义。D选项“中国人把龙视为吉祥的象征”切题。故选D项。5.【解析】选E。由下句“The stuffing includes bean paste, sugar, various kinds of fruit and so on”可知,馅料包括豆沙、糖、各种水果等。所以第5小题要说明元宵的皮儿是由什么制成的和后一句一同说明元宵的组成。E选项“元宵是用糯米做成的,要么是实心的,要么是馅的。”切题。故选E项。【解题策略】找出句子之间的连接性的词
56、语是解决7选5题型的重要解题方法, 文章的语句间的组合,除了从语句间的意义关系分析外,还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握,因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系:承接关系(如 so, therefore, thus, as a result 等);并列关系(如first, second, third.; firstly, secondly, thirdly.; first, next, then.; in the first place, in the second place.; for one thing, for another thing.; to begin w
57、ith, to conclude 等);转折关系(如 however, nevertheless, though, yet, in spite of, otherwise 等);层递关系(如 also, further, furthermore, moreover, in addition, whats more,not.but., not only.but also 等)。如本文第2小题。由“But during the Lantern Festival, it was a tradition that all people, including those young women,came out for lantern shows”可知,但是现在的元宵节,所有人包括未出嫁的女子都要出来观花灯。所以通过“but”可以判读出,第2小题要与后一句构成转折关系。故G选项“在古代,年轻的女子,特别是大家闺秀,很少走出家门”切题。
